2026年四川省人教版高中一年级英语下册阅读理解专项训练习题

2026年四川省人教版高中一年级英语下册阅读理解专项训练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorprimarilyuseswhichrhetoricaldevicetoexplainhowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A)MetaphorB)PersonificationC)HyperboleD)Alliteration.ThecorrectanswerisB)Personification.Thepassagedescribestreesas"talking"toeachotherthroughchemicalsignals,whichisaclearexampleofpersonification.Metaphor(A)wouldinvolveadirectcomparisonwithout"like"or"as,"hyperbole(C)wouldinvolveexaggerationforeffect,andalliteration(D)wouldinvolverepetitionofconsonantsounds,noneofwhicharethemaintechniqueusedhere.2.Accordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"whatisthemostsignificantevidencecitedbyscientiststosupportthetheoryofglobalwarming?A)IncreasedicebergsintheArcticB)DecreasedpolarbearpopulationsC)RisingsealevelsD)Morefrequentvolcaniceruptions.ThecorrectanswerisC)Risingsealevels.Thepassageemphasizesthatsatellitedataandcoastalmeasurementsshowsealevelshaverisenbyapproximately20centimeterssince1900,directlycorrelatingwithincreasedglobaltemperatures.OptionA(increasedicebergs)isincorrectbecauseglobalwarmingactuallyleadstomeltingicebergs.OptionB(decreasedpolarbearpopulations)isaconsequencebutnotprimaryevidence.OptionD(volcaniceruptions)isunrelatedtoanthropogenicglobalwarmingdiscussedinthetext.3.In"TheGreatBarrierReef:AVanishingWonder,"theauthorarguesthattheprimarythreattothereefiscausedbywhichfactor?A)TouristboatpollutionB)NaturalcoralbleachingC)OverfishingD)Climatechange-inducedtemperaturerise.ThecorrectanswerisD)Climatechange-inducedtemperaturerise.Thepassagehighlightshowrisingoceantemperaturesduetoglobalwarmingcausecoralstoexpeltheiralgae,leadingtobleachingandeventualdeath.Whiletouristpollution(A)andoverfishing(C)arementionedassecondaryissues,themainfocusisonclimatechange.Naturalcoralbleaching(B)isasymptom,nottherootcause,asexplainedinthetext.4."ThePowerofSmallActs:CommunityChange"describeshowindividualscanimpactsociety.Whichexampleisgiveninthepassagetoillustratethispoint?A)AsinglepersondonatingalltheirsavingstocharityB)AgroupofvolunteerscleaningalocalparkC)AstudentstartingapetitionforschoolreformsD)Alloftheabove.ThecorrectanswerisB)Agroupofvolunteerscleaningalocalpark.Thepassageusesthisspecificscenariotodemonstratethatcollective,small-scaleactionscanleadtosignificantcommunityimprovements.Whilealloptions(A,B,C)representpositiveactions,thetextfocusesontheparkcleanupasakeyexampleofgrassrootschange.5.In"TheMysteryoftheLostCity,"theauthorsuggeststhatarchaeologistsusewhichmethodtolocateancientruins?A)SatelliteimagingB)MetaldetectorsC)DowsingrodsD)Timetravel.ThecorrectanswerisA)Satelliteimaging.Thepassageexplainshowmoderntechnology,particularlysatelliteandaerialphotography,hasenabledresearcherstodiscoverhiddensitesbyanalyzingchangesinvegetationorterrain.Metaldetectors(B)areusedformetalartifactsbutnotforlarge-scalesitediscovery.Dowsingrods(C)areapseudoscientificmethodnotmentionedinthetext.Timetravel(D)isfictionalandirrelevanttoarchaeologicalpractices.6."TheArtofNegotiation"outlineskeystrategiesforsuccessfulcommunication.Whichtipisemphasizedasthemostcrucial?A)SpeakingloudlyandassertivelyB)AlwaysagreeingwiththeotherpartyC)ActivelisteningandempathyD)Usingcomplexjargon.ThecorrectanswerisC)Activelisteningandempathy.Thepassagestressesthatunderstandingtheotherperson'sperspectiveisessentialforreachingamutuallybeneficialagreement.Speakingloudly(A)canbecounterproductive.Alwaysagreeing(B)underminesnegotiation.Jargon(D)hindersclearcommunication,asnotedinthetext.7.In"TheEvolutionofSmartphones,"theauthordiscusseshowtechnologicaladvancementshavechangeddailylife.Whichexamplebestillustratesthispoint?A)TheinventionofthefirstmobilephoneB)TheintroductionoftouchscreensC)Theriseof5GnetworksD)Alloftheabove.ThecorrectanswerisD)Alloftheabove.Thepassagecoverstheentiretimeline,fromthefirstmobilephonestomoderntouchscreensand5G,showinghoweachinnovationhastransformedcommunicationandsociety.OptionB(touchscreens)andC(5G)arespecificexamplesofbroadertechnologicalevolution.8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"examineshowbooksinfluenceculture.Whichstatementissupportedbythepassage?A)LiteraturehasnoimpactonmodernpoliticsB)BookscaninspiresocialmovementsC)Fictionalstoriesareirrelevanttoreal-worldissuesD)Onlyacademictextshaveculturalsignificance.ThecorrectanswerisB)Bookscaninspiresocialmovements.Thepassageciteshistoricalexamples,suchas"UncleTom'sCabin"influencingtheabolitionistmovement,todemonstrateliterature'spowertodrivechange.OptionA(noimpact)contradictsthetext.Fiction(C)isshowntoberelevant,andoptionD(onlyacademictextsmatter)isincorrect.9.In"TheScienceofSleep,"researchersexploretheimportanceofrest.Whichfindingishighlightedasmostsurprising?A)SleepdeprivationaffectsmemoryB)DreamsoccuronlyduringREMsleepC)NappingcanimprovecognitivefunctionD)Sleepcyclesvarybyage.ThecorrectanswerisC)Nappingcanimprovecognitivefunction.Thepassagementionsthatshortnaps(20-30minutes)enhancealertnessandproblem-solvingabilities,whichmanyreadersmayfindcounterintuitive.Whiletheotheroptions(A,B,D)aretrue,thetextspecificallyemphasizesthesurprisingbenefitsofnapping.10."TheFutureofRenewableEnergy"discussessustainablepowersources.Whichtechnologyisdescribedashavingthemostpotential?A)WindturbinesB)SolarpanelsC)GeothermalenergyD)Hydroelectricpower.ThecorrectanswerisC)Geothermalenergy.Thepassageexplainsthatgeothermalpowerisconsistentlyavailableunlikesolar(B)orwind(A),anditproducesminimalemissionscomparedtohydroelectric(D).Itshighefficiencyandlowenvironmentalimpactmakeitastandoutoption,asdetailedinthetext.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorexplainsthattreescommunicatethrough_______signals,whichcantravelformilesunderground.Answer:chemicalExplanation:Thepassagedescribeshowtreesreleasechemicalslikeethyleneintothesoiltowarnneighboringtreesofpestattacks,demonstratinglong-distancecommunication.2.Accordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"theIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)reportsthattheEarth'saveragetemperaturehasincreasedbyapproximately_______degreesCelsiussincethepre-industrialera.Answer:1.1Explanation:ThetextcitesIPCCdatashowingariseof1.1°C,akeyfigureusedtomeasureclimatechangeimpacts.3.In"TheGreatBarrierReef:AVanishingWonder,"theterm_______referstothephenomenonwherecoralslosetheircolorfulalgaeduetostress.Answer:bleachingExplanation:Thepassagedefinesbleachingasacriticalthreattoreefs,causedbytemperaturechangesforcingcoralstoexpeltheirsymbioticalgae.4."ThePowerofSmallActs:CommunityChange"suggeststhatoneeffectivewaytostartamovementisby_______localleaderstojoinyourcause.Answer:engagingExplanation:Thetextadvisesactiviststobuildcoalitionsbyengaginginfluentialcommunitymembers,asshowninthecasestudyoftheparkcleanup.5.In"TheMysteryoftheLostCity,"archaeologistsuse_______toidentifypotentialsiteshiddenbeneathdensejunglesorsanddunes.Answer:LiDARtechnologyExplanation:ThepassagedetailshowLiDAR(LightDetectionandRanging)allowsresearcherstocreate3Dmapsofterrainwithoutphysicalexcavation.6."TheArtofNegotiation"emphasizesthataskillednegotiatorshould_______beforemakingtheirfirstargument.Answer:understandtheotherparty'sneedsExplanation:Thetexthighlightsempathyasacorestrategy,notingthatacknowledgingtheotherside'sperspectivebuildstrust.7.In"TheEvolutionofSmartphones,"thetransitionfromphysicalkeyboardsto_______revolutionizeduserinterfaces.Answer:touchscreensExplanation:Thepassagetracessmartphonehistory,highlightingtouchscreensasapivotalinnovationthatenabledmoderndesigns.8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"discusseshowauthorslikeHarrietBeecherStoweusedtheirworksto_______socialinjustices.Answer:exposeExplanation:ThetextusesStowe's"UncleTom'sCabin"asanexampleofliteratureexposingslaverytoprovokepublicoutrage.9.In"TheScienceofSleep,"researchersfoundthat_______canimprovememoryretentionforcomplextasks.Answer:sleepdeprivationExplanation:Thepassagecontradictscommonbeliefsbyshowingthatshort-termsleeplossenhancesrecallforcertainactivities.10."TheFutureofRenewableEnergy"comparesgeothermalpowertosolarenergy,notingthatgeothermalhas_______outputevenwhencloudy.Answer:moreconsistentExplanation:Thetextexplainsthatgeothermalenergyisreliable24/7,unlikesolar,whichdependsonweatherconditions.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."TheSecretLifeofTrees"statesthattreescannotcommunicatewitheachotheratall.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassageexplicitlydescribestreesexchangingchemicalsignalstowarneachother,provingtheydocommunicate.2.Accordingto"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"globalwarminghasnoimpactonpolaricecaps.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextcitesevidenceofmeltingicecapsandrisingsealevelsasdirectconsequencesofglobalwarming.3.In"TheGreatBarrierReef:AVanishingWonder,"theauthorbelievestourismisthemostsignificantthreattothereef.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassageidentifiesclimatechangeastheprimarythreat,thoughtourismismentionedasasecondaryconcern.4."ThePowerofSmallActs:CommunityChange"suggeststhatindividualactionshavenoeffectonlarge-scaleproblems.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextusestheparkcleanupexampletoshowhowsmallgroupscanachievemajorcommunityimprovements.5."TheMysteryoftheLostCity"claimsthattimetravelisnecessarytofindancientruins.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagediscussessatelliteimagingandarchaeologicalmethods,explicitlyrejectingtimetravelasimpossible.6."TheArtofNegotiation"advisesthatusingaggressivelanguagealwaysleadstobetteroutcomes.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextwarnsthatloudnesscanescalateconflicts,advocatingforempathyinstead.7.In"TheEvolutionofSmartphones,"thefirstmobilephoneswereassmallandadvancedasmodernsmartphones.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagenotesthatearlyphoneswerebulkyandlimitedcomparedtotoday'stechnology.8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"arguesthatfictionalstoriesareirrelevanttoreal-worldevents.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextuses"UncleTom'sCabin"todemonstratehowfictioncaninfluencesocialchange.9."TheScienceofSleep"statesthatnappingisharmfultocognitivefunction.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thepassagehighlightsnappingasabeneficialpracticeformemoryandalertness.10."TheFutureofRenewableEnergy"claimsthathydroelectricpoweristhemostsustainableenergysource.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thetextprefersgeothermalforitsconsistencyandlowerenvironmentalimpact,thoughhydroelectricisalsomentioned.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingto"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"explainhowtreescommunicatewitheachotherandwhythisisimportantfortheirsurvival.Answer:Treescommunicatethroughundergroundnetworkscalledmycorrhizalfungi,exchangingnutrientsandwarningsignals.Thishelpsthemshareresources,defendagainstpests,andevenwarndistanttreesofdanger,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.Thepassageemphasizesthatthis"woodwideweb"iscrucialforforestecosystems.2.In"GlobalWarming:FactsandFears,"whatarethreekeypiecesofevidencecitedbyscientiststosupportthetheoryofclimatechange?Answer:1)Risingglobaltemperaturesmeasuredbythermometers.2)Meltingglaciersandpolaricecaps.3)Increasedfrequencyofextremeweathereventslikehurricanesanddroughts.Thepassageusesthesedatapointstobuildascientificconsensus.3."TheGreatBarrierReef:AVanishingWonder"mentionsseveralthreatstothereef.Describetwoofthemandhowtheyaffecttheecosystem.Answer:1)Climatechange-inducedwarmingcausescoralbleaching,killingthereef'sbiodiversity.2)Pollutionfromsunscreenandagriculturalrunoffharmsmarinelife.Thepassageexplainsthatthesethreatsreducefishpopulationsanddestroyhabitats.4."ThePowerofSmallActs:CommunityChange"providesanexampleofgrassrootsactivism.Describethestepstakenbythevolunteersinthelocalparkcleanup.Answer:Thevolunteersorganizedameeting,dividedintogroupsfortrashcollection,plantednewtrees,andcreatedsignspromotingrecycling.Thepassagedetailshowtheircoordinatedeffortstransformedthepark,inspiringotherstojoin.5.In"TheMysteryoftheLostCity,"whattoolsdoarchaeologistsusetolocatehiddenruins?Answer:Archaeologistsusesatelliteimaging,ground-penetratingradar,andLiDARtechnologytodetectstructuresbeneaththesurface.Thepassagedescribeshowthesetoolsallowedresearcherstofindthelostcitywithoutexcavatingit.6."TheArtofNegotiation"suggeststhreekeystrategiesforsuccessfulcommunication.Nameoneandexplainitspurpose.Answer:Activelisteningisacriticalstrategybecauseitshowsrespectandhelpsunderstandtheotherparty'sperspective.Thepassagenotesthatempathybuildstrust,makingagreementsmorelikely.7."TheEvolutionofSmartphones"tracesthehistoryofmobiletechnology.Whatwasamajorinnovationbetweenthefirstandsecond-generationsmartphones?Answer:Theintroductionoftouchscreenswasamajorbreakthrough,replacingphysicalkeyboardswithmoreintuitiveinterfaces.Thepassagehighlightsthischangeasaturningpointinsmartphonedesign.8."TheScienceofSleep"discussestheeffectsofsleepdeprivation.Whatisonesurprisingbenefitmentionedinthepassage?Answer:Thetextrevealsthatshort-termsleepdeprivationcanimprovememoryretentionforcomplextasks,asthebrainconsolidatesinformationmoreefficientlyduringlow-sleepperiods.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1."TheGreatBarrierReef"warnsaboutthedangersofclimatechange.Ifyouwereamarinebiologist,whatthreeactionswouldyouproposetoprotectthereef?Answer:1)Advocateforglobalcarbonemissionreductionstoslowwarming.2)Createprotectedzonestoreducepollutionandoverfishing.3)Developcoralrestorationprogramstoreplantdamagedareas.Thepassageemphasizesthatamulti-facetedapproachisneeded.2."ThePowerofSmallActs"describeshowcommunitymovementsstart.Imagineyouwanttoimproverecyclinginyourschool.Whatstepswouldyoutake?Answer:1)Researchcurrentrecyclinghabitsandidentifyproblems.2)Formastudentgrouptoproposesolutions,suchasmorebinsandawarenesscampaigns.3)Presenttheplantoschoolofficialsandorganizeapilotprogram.Thepassageshowsthatstartingsmallcanleadtosystemicchange.3."TheMysteryoftheLostCity"mentionsarecentdiscoveryinSoutheastAsia.Ifyouwerepartoftheteam,whatquestionswouldyouaskthelocalcommunityaboutthesite?Answer:Iwouldaskabouttraditionalstories,oldmaps,oranyunusuallandmarks.Thepassagenotesthatindigenousknowledgeoftenholdscluestolostcivilizations.4."TheArtofNegotiation"requiresbalancingyourgoalswiththeotherparty'sneeds.Supposeyouarenegotiatingasalaryincrease.Whatwouldyousaytoyouremployer?Answer:"Iappreciatetheopportunitytoworkhere.Basedonindustrystandardsandmycontributions,Ibelieveasalaryincreaseto$Xwouldbefair.I’mopentodiscussingbenefitsorbonusesaswell."Thepassageemphasizesfindingcommonground.5."TheEvolutionofSmartphones"showshowtechnologyadvancesrapidly.Ifyouweredesigningthenextgenerationofsmartphones,whatinnovationwouldyouadd?Answer:Iwoulddevelopaself-healingscreenthatrepairsminorcracksautomatically,addressingacommonfrustration.Thepassagediscussesthelimitationsofcurrentmaterials.6."TheScienceofSleep"explainsthatsleeppatternschangewithage.Howwouldyouhelpateenagerimprovetheirsleepquality?Answer:Iwouldrecommendaconsistentsleepschedule,limitingscreentimebeforebed,andcreatingadark,quietenvironment.Thepassagelinkssleephygienetocognitivehealth.7."TheFutureofRenewableEnergy"comparesgeothermalandsolarpower.WhichwouldyouchooseforaremotevillageinAfrica,andwhy?Answer:Iwouldchoosegeothermalbecauseitprovidesreliable24/7powerwithoutdependenceonsunlight.Thepassagenotesthatgeothermalisidealforoff-gridcommunities.8."TheRoleofLiteratureinSociety"highlightshowbookscaninspirechange.Ifyouwerewritinganovelaboutclimateaction,whatwouldbeitscentralmessage?Answer:Thenovelwouldfollowordinarypeoplewhounitetofightpollution,showingthatcollectiveactioncancreaterealchange.Thepassageuses"UncleTom'sCabin"asinspiration.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.D4.B5.A6.C7.D8.B9.C10.CExplanationforeach:Answersarebasedonthepassage'sexplicitstatements.Forexample,inquestion1,thepassageusespersonification("treestalking"),makingBcorrect.OptionA(metaphor)wouldinvolveadirectcomparison,whichisn’tpresent.二、填空题1.chemical2.1.13.bleaching4.engaging5.LiDARtechnology6.understandtheotherparty'sneeds7.touchscreens8.expose9.sleepdeprivation10.moreconsistentExplanationforeach:Answersaredirectlyquotedorinferredfromthetext.Forexample,"chemicalsignals"(1)isstatedin"TheSecretLifeofTrees."