2026年贵州省人教版初中英语七年级下册第5单元词汇记忆练习

2026年贵州省人教版初中英语七年级下册第5单元词汇记忆练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewsciencemuseuminGuiyangis______interestingplacetovisitforstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.A.averyB.veryaC.anveryD.veryan参考答案：A解析：本题考查冠词和形容词的搭配。句中"interestingplace"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"修饰。选项A中"avery"正确表达了"一个非常有趣的"含义，符合英语语法规则。选项B和C语序错误，选项D中"an"用于元音发音前，但"very"不是元音发音，故排除。2.Mysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomeworkbecausesheis______goodstudentandalwaysgetshighscoresinEnglish.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：B解析：本题考查不定冠词和不发音字母开头的单词。句中"goodstudent"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词。由于"good"以元音发音开头（/ɡʊd/），应使用"an"而非"a"。选项A和C错误，选项D"some"用于泛指不可数名词或可数名词复数，不符合语境。3.DuringtheSpringFestival,myfamilyusuallyhasabigmealtogether,andweofteneat______deliciousfoodlikedumplingsandfish.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：D解析：本题考查代词的用法。句中"deliciousfood"是泛指不可数名词，应用"some"表示"一些"。选项A和B用于可数名词单数，选项C"the"表示特指，选项D正确表达了"我们经常吃一些美味的食物"的含义。4.TheteachertoldusthattheGreatWallis______wonderoftheworld,anditwasbuiltmorethantwothousandyearsago.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：B解析：本题考查不定冠词和不发音字母开头的单词。句中"wonder"以元音发音开头（/ˈwʌndər/），需用"an"修饰。选项A和C错误，选项D"some"用于泛指不可数名词，不符合语境。5.MyfriendLiHuais______hardworker,sohealwaysfinisheshistasksontime.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：A解析：本题考查不定冠词和可数名词单数。句中"hardworker"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。选项B错误，因为"hard"以辅音发音开头。选项C和D不符合语境。6.Theboyinblueis______studentfromourschoolwhowonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：A解析：本题考查不定冠词和可数名词单数。句中"student"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。选项B错误，因为"student"以辅音发音开头。选项C和D不符合语境。7.Myparentsboughtme______birthdaypresentyesterday,anditwasaverynicebook.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：A解析：本题考查不定冠词和可数名词单数。句中"birthdaypresent"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。选项B错误，因为"birthday"以辅音发音开头。选项C和D不符合语境。8.Thegirlwithlonghairis______friendofminewholivesnextdoor.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：A解析：本题考查不定冠词和可数名词单数。句中"friend"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。选项B错误，因为"friend"以辅音发音开头。选项C和D不符合语境。9.Themovie"Avatar"is______sciencefictionfilmthatwasverypopularlastyear.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：A解析：本题考查不定冠词和可数名词单数。句中"sciencefictionfilm"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。选项B错误，因为"science"以辅音发音开头。选项C和D不符合语境。10.Theteachergaveus______homeworktodoaftertheclass,anditwasveryinteresting.A.aB.anC.theD.some参考答案：D解析：本题考查代词的用法。句中"homework"是不可数名词，应用"some"表示"一些"。选项A和B用于可数名词单数，选项C"the"表示特指，选项D正确表达了"老师课后给我们布置了一些作业"的含义。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mysisteris______student,andshestudiesveryhardeveryday.参考答案：an解析：本题考查不定冠词和不发音字母开头的单词。"student"以元音发音开头（/ˈstʌdənt/），需用"an"修饰。2.Theboyinredis______brotherofmine,andheis______studentinourclass.参考答案：my,a解析：本题考查代词和冠词。"brotherofmine"表示"我的哥哥"，"student"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。3.Mymotherboughtme______birthdaygiftyesterday,anditwas______beautifuldress.参考答案：a,a解析：本题考查不定冠词。"birthdaygift"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"；"beautifuldress"也是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。4.Thegirlwithlonghairis______friendofminewholivesnextdoor,andsheis______Englishteacher.参考答案：a,an解析：本题考查不定冠词。"friend"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"；"Englishteacher"中"English"以元音发音开头（/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/），需用"an"修饰。5.ThenewsciencemuseuminGuiyangis______interestingplacetovisitforstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.参考答案：an解析：本题考查不定冠词和不发音字母开头的单词。"interestingplace"中"place"以元音发音开头（/pleɪs/），需用"an"修饰。6.Myfatheris______engineer,andheworksinabigcompanyinBeijing.参考答案：a解析：本题考查不定冠词。"engineer"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。7.Theboyinblueis______studentfromourschoolwhowonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.参考答案：a解析：本题考查不定冠词。"student"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。8.Thegirlwithglassesis______studentinourclasswhoisverygoodatmath.参考答案：a解析：本题考查不定冠词。"student"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。9.Themovie"Avatar"is______sciencefictionfilmthatwasverypopularlastyear.参考答案：a解析：本题考查不定冠词。"sciencefictionfilm"是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词"a"。10.Theteachergaveus______homeworktodoaftertheclass,anditwasveryinteresting.参考答案：some解析：本题考查代词的用法。"homework"是不可数名词，应用"some"表示"一些"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.TheGreatWallisafamouslandmarkinChina,anditisverylong.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查地理知识。长城是中国著名的地标，且非常长，表述符合事实。2.MysisterisanEnglishteacher,andsheworksinasmallschoolnearourhome.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查职业信息。英语老师是常见的职业，且在小学校工作符合现实。3.Theboyinredismybrother,andheisastudentinourclass.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查家庭关系。哥哥是家庭成员，且是学生符合常识。4.Thegirlwithlonghairisafriendofmine,andsheisveryfunny.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查人际关系。朋友是常见的社交关系，且幽默是朋友的常见特质。5.ThenewsciencemuseuminGuiyangisaninterestingplacetovisitforstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查旅游景点。贵阳的新科技博物馆适合学习恐龙的学生参观，表述合理。6.Myfatherisanengineer,andheworksinabigcompanyinBeijing.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查职业信息。工程师是常见职业，且在北京的大公司工作符合现实。7.Theboyinblueisastudentfromourschoolwhowonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查竞赛信息。学生获得演讲比赛一等奖是可能的，表述合理。8.Thegirlwithglassesisastudentinourclasswhoisverygoodatmath.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查学生特长。学生擅长数学是常见的，表述合理。9.Themovie"Avatar"isasciencefictionfilmthatwasverypopularlastyear.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查电影信息。《阿凡达》是一部科幻电影，且去年很受欢迎，表述符合事实。10.Theteachergaveussomehomeworktodoaftertheclass,anditwasveryinteresting.参考答案：正确解析：本题考查作业信息。老师布置有趣的作业是常见的，表述合理。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Describeyourfavoriteteacherinyourschool.Whatsubjectdoeshe/sheteach?参考答案：MyfavoriteteacherisMissLi,whoteachesEnglish.Sheisverykindandpatient.Shealwaysexplainsthelessonsclearly,andherclassesareveryinteresting.Sheoftenencouragesustoaskquestions,andshehelpsuswithourhomeworkafterclass.IlikeherbecauseshemakeslearningEnglishfun.解析：本题考查人物描述。答案需包含教师姓名、科目、性格特点、教学方法等，表述需具体且符合初中生认知。2.WhatdoyouusuallydoduringtheSpringFestival?参考答案：DuringtheSpringFestival,Iusuallyspendtimewithmyfamily.Wehaveabigmealtogether,andweofteneatdumplingsandfish.Myparentsgivemeredenvelopes,andIgotoseemyrelativesandfriends.Itisahappytimeforme.解析：本题考查节日习俗。答案需包含家庭活动、饮食、红包、拜年等，表述需符合中国传统文化。3.WhydoyouthinktheGreatWallisawonderoftheworld?参考答案：TheGreatWallisawonderoftheworldbecauseitisverylongandveryold.Itwasbuiltmorethantwothousandyearsago,anditisveryimpressive.ItshowsthewisdomoftheChinesepeople.Manypeoplefromdifferentcountriesvisititeveryyear.解析：本题考查地理知识。答案需包含长度、年代、意义、国际影响等，表述需符合初中生认知。4.HowdoyoustudyEnglisheveryday?参考答案：IstudyEnglisheverydaybyreviewingmylessons,doingexercises,andreadingEnglishbooks.IalsolistentoEnglishsongsandwatchEnglishmovies.Ithinkitisimportanttopracticespeaking,soItalktomyclassmatesinEnglish.解析：本题考查学习方法。答案需包含具体学习方式，如复习、练习、阅读、听力、口语等，表述需符合初中生认知。5.Whatisyourfavoritehobby?Whydoyoulikeit?参考答案：Myfavoritehobbyisplayingbasketball.Ilikeitbecauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy.Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends.Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool.解析：本题考查兴趣爱好。答案需包含具体爱好、原因、影响等，表述需符合初中生认知。6.Describeaplaceyouhavevisitedthatyouliked.参考答案：IvisitedtheWestLakeinHangzhoulastsummer.Itisverybeautiful,withlotsoftreesandwater.Therearemanytemplesandpagodasaroundit.Ilikedwalkingonthebridgesandenjoyingthescenery.Itwasarelaxingtrip.解析：本题考查旅游经历。答案需包含地点、特点、设施、感受等，表述需符合初中生认知。7.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingtobeagoodstudent?参考答案：Ithinkthemostimportantthingtobeagoodstudentistostudyhardandbecurious.Youshouldlistentoyourteachers,doyourhomeworkontime,andnevergiveup.Ifyouworkhard,youcanlearnmoreandbebetter.解析：本题考查学习态度。答案需包含努力、好奇心、听讲、作业等，表述需符合初中生认知。8.WhatdoyouthinkisthedifferencebetweenChineseNewYearandChristmas?参考答案：ChineseNewYearisatraditionalChinesefestival,andChristmasisaWesternfestival.ChineseNewYearisinwinter,andChristmasisinwintertoo.WeeatdumplingsandsetofffireworksforChineseNewYear,butweeatChristmasdinnerandexchangegiftsforChristmas.Theyaredifferentbutbotharehappy.解析：本题考查文化对比。答案需包含时间、习俗、饮食等差异，表述需符合初中生认知。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"Theboyinblueisastudentfromourschoolwhowonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.HisnameisLiMing,andheisverygoodatEnglish.Hepracticeshisspeecheveryday,andheisveryconfident.Histeacher,MissWang,isveryproudofhim."a.Whatistheboy'sname?参考答案：LiMing解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"HisnameisLiMing"。b.Whydidhewinthefirstprize?参考答案：BecauseheisverygoodatEnglishandpracticeshisspeecheveryday.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"heisverygoodatEnglish"和"practiceshisspeecheveryday"。c.Whoishisteacher?参考答案：MissWang解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Histeacher,MissWang"。d.Howdoeshefeelaboutthespeechcontest?参考答案：Heisveryconfident.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Heisveryconfident"。2.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"MysisterisanEnglishteacher,andsheworksinasmallschoolnearourhome.Sheisverykindandpatient.Shealwaysexplainsthelessonsclearly,andherclassesareveryinteresting.Sheoftenencouragesustoaskquestions,andshehelpsuswithourhomeworkafterclass."a.Whatsubjectdoeshersisterteach?参考答案：English解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"SheisanEnglishteacher"。b.Wheredoesshework?参考答案：Inasmallschoolnearourhome.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Sheworksinasmallschoolnearourhome"。c.Whatisherpersonalitylike?参考答案：Sheisverykindandpatient.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Sheisverykindandpatient"。d.Whatdoesshedoafterclass?参考答案：Shehelpsuswithourhomework.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Shehelpsuswithourhomeworkafterclass"。3.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"TheGreatWallisafamouslandmarkinChina,anditisverylong.Itwasbuiltmorethantwothousandyearsago,anditisveryimpressive.ItshowsthewisdomoftheChinesepeople.Manypeoplefromdifferentcountriesvisititeveryyear."a.IstheGreatWallinChina?参考答案：Yes,itis.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"ItisafamouslandmarkinChina"。b.Howlongagowasitbuilt?参考答案：Morethantwothousandyearsago.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Itwasbuiltmorethantwothousandyearsago"。c.WhatdoestheGreatWallshow?参考答案：ItshowsthewisdomoftheChinesepeople.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"ItshowsthewisdomoftheChinesepeople"。d.Domanypeoplevisititeveryyear?参考答案：Yes,manypeoplefromdifferentcountriesvisititeveryyear.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Manypeoplefromdifferentcountriesvisititeveryyear"。4.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"Myfavoritehobbyisplayingbasketball.Ilikeitbecauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy.Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends.Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool."a.Whatistheauthor'sfavoritehobby?参考答案：Playingbasketball解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"Myfavoritehobbyisplayingbasketball"。b.Whydoestheauthorlikeplayingbasketball?参考答案：Becauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ilikeitbecauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy"。c.Doestheauthorplaybasketballwithfriends?参考答案：Yes,Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends"。d.Howdoesplayingbasketballhelptheauthor?参考答案：Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool"。5.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"ThenewsciencemuseuminGuiyangisaninterestingplacetovisitforstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.Ithasmanyexhibitsaboutdinosaurs,anditisveryeducational.MyfriendLiHuawenttherelastweek,andhesaiditwasveryfun."a.Whereisthenewsciencemuseum?参考答案：InGuiyang.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"ThenewsciencemuseuminGuiyang"。b.Whoisthemuseumgoodfor?参考答案：Studentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Forstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs"。c.Whatkindofexhibitsdoesthemuseumhave?参考答案：Manyexhibitsaboutdinosaurs.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ithasmanyexhibitsaboutdinosaurs"。d.Didtheauthor'sfriendlikethemuseum?参考答案：Yes,hesaiditwasveryfun.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"MyfriendLiHuawenttherelastweek,andhesaiditwasveryfun"。6.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"Mysisterisastudentinourclasswhoisverygoodatmath.Shealwaysgetshighscoresinmathtests.Shestudieshardeveryday,andsheoftenhelpsmewithmymathhomework.Iamveryproudofher."a.Whatsubjectistheauthor'ssistergoodat?参考答案：Math解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"Sheisverygoodatmath"。b.Doestheauthor'ssisterstudyhard?参考答案：Yes,shestudieshardeveryday.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Shestudieshardeveryday"。c.Doestheauthor'ssisterhelptheauthorwithmathhomework?参考答案：Yes,sheoftenhelpsmewithmymathhomework.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Sheoftenhelpsmewithmymathhomework"。d.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthersister?参考答案：Iamveryproudofher.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Iamveryproudofher"。7.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"Theboyinblueisastudentfromourschoolwhowonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.HisnameisLiMing,andheisverygoodatEnglish.Hepracticeshisspeecheveryday,andheisveryconfident.Histeacher,MissWang,isveryproudofhim."a.Whatistheboy'sname?参考答案：LiMing解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"HisnameisLiMing"。b.Whydidhewinthefirstprize?参考答案：BecauseheisverygoodatEnglishandpracticeshisspeecheveryday.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"heisverygoodatEnglish"和"practiceshisspeecheveryday"。c.Whoishisteacher?参考答案：MissWang解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Histeacher,MissWang"。d.Howdoeshefeelaboutthespeechcontest?参考答案：Heisveryconfident.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Heisveryconfident"。8.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"Myfavoritehobbyisplayingbasketball.Ilikeitbecauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy.Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends.Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool."a.Whatistheauthor'sfavoritehobby?参考答案：Playingbasketball解析：本题考查细节理解。文中明确提到"Myfavoritehobbyisplayingbasketball"。b.Whydoestheauthorlikeplayingbasketball?参考答案：Becauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ilikeitbecauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy"。c.Doestheauthorplaybasketballwithfriends?参考答案：Yes,Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends"。d.Howdoesplayingbasketballhelptheauthor?参考答案：Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool.解析：本题考查细节理解。文中提到"Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool"。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.B3.D4.B5.A6.A7.A8.A9.A10.D二、填空题1.an2.my,a3.a,a4.a,an5.an6.a7.a8.a9.a10.some三、判断题1.正确2.正确3.正确4.正确5.正确6.正确7.正确8.正确9.正确10.正确四、简答题1.参考答案：MyfavoriteteacherisMissLi,whoteachesEnglish.Sheisverykindandpatient.Shealwaysexplainsthelessonsclearly,andherclassesareveryinteresting.Sheoftenencouragesustoaskquestions,andshehelpsuswithourhomeworkafterclass.IlikeherbecauseshemakeslearningEnglishfun.解析：答案需包含教师姓名、科目、性格特点、教学方法等，表述需具体且符合初中生认知。2.参考答案：DuringtheSpringFestival,Iusuallyspendtimewithmyfamily.Wehaveabigmealtogether,andweofteneatdumplingsandfish.Myparentsgivemeredenvelopes,andIgotoseemyrelativesandfriends.Itisahappytimeforme.解析：答案需包含家庭活动、饮食、红包、拜年等，表述需符合中国传统文化。3.参考答案：TheGreatWallisawonderoftheworldbecauseitisverylongandveryold.Itwasbuiltmorethantwothousandyearsago,anditisveryimpressive.ItshowsthewisdomoftheChinesepeople.Manypeoplefromdifferentcountriesvisititeveryyear.解析：答案需包含长度、年代、意义、国际影响等，表述需符合初中生认知。4.参考答案：IstudyEnglisheverydaybyreviewingmylessons,doingexercises,andreadingEnglishbooks.IalsolistentoEnglishsongsandwatchEnglishmovies.Ithinkitisimportanttopracticespeaking,soItalktomyclassmatesinEnglish.解析：答案需包含具体学习方式，如复习、练习、阅读、听力、口语等，表述需符合初中生认知。5.参考答案：Myfavoritehobbyisplayingbasketball.Ilikeitbecauseitisfunanditmakesmehealthy.Ialsolikeplayingwithmyfriends.Ithelpsmerelaxafterschool.解析：答案需包含具体爱好、原因、影响等，表述需符合初中生认知。6.参考答案：IvisitedtheWestLakeinHangzhoulastsummer.Itisverybeautiful,withlotsoftreesandwater.Therearemanytemplesandpagodasaroundit.Ilikedwalkingonthebridgesandenjoyingthescenery.Itwasarelaxingtrip.解析：答案需包含地点、特点、设施、感受等，表述需符合初中生认知。7.参考答案：Ithinkthemostim