2026年辽宁省部编版初中英语八年级下册第8单元课后同步作业

2026年辽宁省部编版初中英语八年级下册第8单元课后同步作业一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第8单元课文内容，Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theimportanceofprotectingendangeredanimals.B.Howpeoplecanreduceplasticwasteindailylife.C.Thebenefitsofusingpublictransportationinsteadofcars.D.Thereasonswhysomecountrieshavestrictenvironmentallaws.解析：本题考查单元主题“环境保护与可持续发展”。选项A涉及动物保护，但课文重点在塑料污染；选项B与课文核心内容一致，文中多次提到减少塑料袋使用、垃圾分类等具体措施；选项C虽是环保相关，但非单元重点；选项D涉及法律，课文未深入探讨。正确答案为B，需结合课文第3页“ReducePlasticUse”部分的具体案例理解。2.AccordingtothereadingpassageinUnit8,whichofthefollowingisNOTacommonwaytoreduceplasticwaste?A.Usingreusableshoppingbagsinsteadofplasticbags.B.Recyclingplasticbottlesandcontainers.C.Throwingallplasticwasteintotheocean.D.Choosingproductswithminimalpackaging.解析：选项A、B、D均为课文第2页“PracticalTips”中提到的环保措施，如“carryclothbags”“recycleproperly”“buyunpackagedgoods”；选项C与环保背道而驰，且课文第1页明确反对向海洋倾倒垃圾。正确答案为C，需注意区分“减少使用”与“错误行为”。3.Intheunit'sgrammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeafinishedactionwithpresentresults?A.ShehasvisitedParisthreetimeslastyear.B.Theywenttothezooandsawmanyanimals.C.Hehasfinishedhishomeworkfortwohours.D.Wehavelivedheresincewewerechildren.解析：选项A时间状语错误（lastyear需用一般过去时）；选项B缺少时态（应为“wentandsaw”）；选项C时间状语错误（twohours需用一般过去时）；选项D符合现在完成时“havelived+since从句”结构，表示动作从过去持续至今。正确答案为D，需结合语法笔记第5页的时态区分。4.Whatisthebesttitlefortheunit'swritingtaskaboutenvironmentalproblems?A.MyFavoriteAnimalB.HowtoSaveMoneyC.ProtectingOurPlanet:WhatCanWeDo?D.ADayattheBeach解析：写作任务要求针对“环境问题”提出解决方案，选项C直接呼应单元主题，包含“保护地球”“我们能做什么”的核心要素；选项A、B、D与主题无关。正确答案为C，需参考写作指导第7页的提纲要求。5.Accordingtotheunit'svocabularylist,whichwordbestdescribessomeonewhocaresabouttheenvironment?A.LazyB.CarelessC.EnvironmentallyconsciousD.Expensive解析：单元词汇第4页收录“environmentallyconscious”意为“有环保意识的”，与课文第4页“BeingEco-friendly”主题一致；选项A、B为贬义词，选项D与环保无关。正确答案为C，需结合单元词汇表第2单元的例句理解。6.Intheunit'sspeakingactivity,whatshouldstudentsfocusonwhendiscussing“Howtoreduceplasticwasteatschool”?A.Onlylistingfamousenvironmentalists.B.Givingtheirownopinionsandsuggestions.C.Onlyreadingtheteacher'snotes.D.Arguingaboutwhetherplasticisusefulorharmful.解析：口语活动要求“分享观点和建议”，选项B符合课文第5页“GroupDiscussion”的要求，如“wecouldsetuparecyclingstation”；选项A、C、D偏离活动目标。正确答案为B，需参考口语练习第6页的评分标准。7.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepastcontinuoustensetodescribeanongoingactioninthepast?A.TheywaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang.B.Shereadabookallafternoonyesterday.C.Hewasplayingbasketballwhilehissistercookeddinner.D.Wehaveeatendinnerat7PMlastnight.解析：选项A主谓不一致（was→were）；选项B应改为“wasreading”（一般过去时）；选项D时态错误（lastnight需用一般过去时）；选项C符合“wasdoing+whiledoing”结构，描述同时进行的动作。正确答案为C，需结合语法笔记第8页的时态对比。8.Whatisthemainideaoftheunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef”?A.ThehistoryofAustralia'stourismindustry.B.Thethreatstocoralreefscausedbyhumanactivities.C.Thedailylifeofdiversworkingintheocean.D.Thegovernment'splantoprotectmarinelife.解析：课文第6页重点描述了“污染、气候变化对珊瑚礁的影响”，如“overfishing”“temperaturerise”；选项A、C、D未涉及。正确答案为B，需结合课文第7页的图表数据理解。9.Intheunit'sprojecttask,whichofthefollowingisNOTagoodwaytopresent“APlantoSaveWaterinOurCommunity”?A.Drawingaposterwithclearslogans.B.Writingalongessaywithoutvisuals.C.Usingreal-lifeexamplestoexplainideas.D.Conductingashortsurveytocollectdata.解析：项目要求“图文结合、数据支撑”，选项A、C、D符合第9页“ProjectRubric”的要求；选项B单一枯燥，缺乏吸引力。正确答案为B，需参考项目指导第5页的评分细则。10.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetoemphasizetheobject?A.Theschoolwascleanedbythestudentsyesterday.B.WewillbegivenatestnextMonday.C.Myhomeworkwasfinishedbyhimlastnight.D.Theyarebeingwatchedbythepolicenow.解析：选项A、C、D均为被动语态，但选项B“willbegiven”更符合单元语法重点“一般将来时的被动语态”，强调“我们”是接受测试的对象。正确答案为B，需结合语法练习第10页的例句分析。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit'sreadingpassagementionsthatmanyplasticbottlesendupintheocean,_______seaanimalsliketurtles.空格1：affecting解析：课文第3页用“affect”表示“影响”，如“plasticwasteaffectsmarinelife”；需填现在分词作宾语补足语。2.Inthegrammarsection,welearnedthatthestructure“beabouttodo”expressesanaction_______happenverysoon.空格2：thatisgoingto解析：单元语法笔记第4页例句如“TheEarthisabouttowarmup”；需填固定搭配“beaboutto+动词原形”。3.Theunit'swritingtaskasksstudentstowriteashortcompositionon“MyRoleinProtectingtheEnvironment,”_______theycandescribetheirownactions.空格3：where解析：定语从句修饰“composition”，先行词指物，关系代词用“where”指代地点或环境。4.Accordingtotheunit'svocabularylist,“sustainable”meanssomethingthatcanbe_______withoutharmingtheenvironment.空格4：continued解析：课文第5页对比“sustainabledevelopment”与“unsustainablepractices”；需填动词原形作宾语补足语。5.Thespeakingactivityrequiresstudentstoworkingroupstodiscuss“Howtoreducewasteatschool,”_______theycansharetheirideas.空格5：inwhich解析：定语从句修饰“groups”，先行词指物，关系代词用“inwhich”表示场景。6.Theunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef”statesthatthereefis_______duetoclimatechangeandpollution.空格6：threatened解析：课文第7页用“threatened”表示“受到威胁”，如“thereefisseverelythreatened”；需填过去分词作表语。7.Inthegrammarsection,welearnedthatthestructure“usedto+verb”describesahabit_______inthepastbutnolongerexists.空格7：thatusedtobe解析：单元语法笔记第6页例句如“Iusedtowalktoschool”；需填定语从句修饰“habit”。8.Theunit'sprojecttaskasksstudentstocreateaposterabout“SaveWater,”_______theycandrawpicturesandwriteslogans.空格8：onwhich解析：定语从句修饰“poster”，先行词指物，关系代词用“onwhich”表示表面。9.Theunit'sreadingpassagementionsthatmanypeople_______notrealizetheimportanceofrecyclinguntiltheyseetheconsequences.空格9：didnotusedto解析：过去习惯用法“usedtodo”，否定形式为“didnotusetodo”；需填过去式。10.Theunit'swritingtaskrequiresstudentstousethepresentperfecttensetodescribeactions_______sincetheywerechildren.空格10：thathavelasted解析：定语从句修饰“actions”，先行词指物，关系代词用“that”作主语，谓语用现在完成时。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef”onlydiscussesthehistoricalchangesofthereef.(×)解析：课文第6页同时涉及历史（形成过程）和现状（威胁），判断错误。2.Theunit'sgrammarsectionteachestheuseof“beabouttodo”todescribefutureplans.(√)解析：单元语法笔记第4页明确说明该结构表示“即将发生的动作”，如“Weareabouttostarttheproject.”3.Theunit'swritingtaskasksstudentstowritealongresearchpaperaboutenvironmentalproblems.(×)解析：写作任务要求“shortcomposition”而非“researchpaper”，需参考第7页的说明。4.Theunit'svocabularylistincludestheword“environmentallyconscious,”whichmeans“不关心环境的”.(×)解析：该词汇意为“有环保意识的”，与中文释义相反，判断错误。5.Theunit'sspeakingactivityrequiresstudentstomemorizeandreciteaspeechaboutenvironmentalprotection.(×)解析：口语活动要求“discussideas”而非“recitespeeches”，需参考第5页的说明。6.Theunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef”mentionsthatthereefisgettingbiggereveryyear.(×)解析：课文第7页指出“thereefisshrinkingduetowarmingoceans”，判断错误。7.Theunit'sgrammarsectionteachestheuseofthepassivevoicetoemphasizethesubject.(×)解析：被动语态强调“对象”而非“主语”，需参考语法笔记第10页的说明。8.Theunit'sprojecttaskasksstudentstocreateavideoaboutenvironmentalprotection.(×)解析：项目要求“poster”而非“video”，需参考第9页的说明。9.Theunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef”providesadetailedmapofthereef.(×)解析：课文为文字描述，未包含地图，判断错误。10.Theunit'swritingtaskrequiresstudentstouseatleastfivenewvocabularywordsfromtheunit.(√)解析：写作要求“usenewwords”以考察词汇掌握，需参考第7页的评分标准。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef,”whatarethetwomainthreatstothereef?参考答案：-Climatechange（海水温度升高导致珊瑚白化）-Pollution（海洋垃圾和化学物质破坏生态系统）解析：需结合课文第6页和第7页的具体描述，每点1分，共2分。2.Theunit'sgrammarsectionteachesthepresentperfecttense.Giveoneexamplesentenceusing“havebeento”todescribeapastexperience.参考答案：“IhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.”解析：句子结构正确（现在完成时+地点状语），表达过去经历，1分；语法正确，1分。3.Theunit'swritingtaskasksstudentstowriteabout“MyRoleinProtectingtheEnvironment.”Whatarethreeactionstheycaninclude?参考答案：-Turnofflightswhenleavingaroom-Usepublictransportationinsteadofdriving-Participateinrecyclingprograms解析：列举三个具体环保行动，每点0.5分，共2分。4.Theunit'svocabularylistincludestheword“sustainable.”Explainwhatitmeansinyourownwords.参考答案：“Sustainable”meansusingresourcesinawaythatdoesnotharmtheenvironmentandcanlastforalongtime.解析：准确解释词汇含义，表达清晰，1分；符合单元主题，1分。5.Theunit'sspeakingactivityrequiresstudentstodiscuss“Howtoreducewasteatschool.”Whataretwoideastheycanshare?参考答案：-Setupacompostingsystemforfoodwaste-Encouragedouble-sidedprintingtosavepaper解析：提出两个可行的建议，每点1分，共2分。6.Theunit'sreadingpassage“TheGreatBarrierReef”mentionsthatmanypeopledidnotusedtocareaboutmarinelife.Whathaschangedtheirminds?参考答案：-Scientistsshowedtheconsequencesofpollutionandclimatechange-Documentariesandnewsreportsraisedpublicawareness解析：结合课文第7页的描述，每点1分，共2分。7.Theunit'sgrammarsectionteachesthepastcontinuoustense.Giveoneexamplesentenceusing“wasdoing”todescribeanongoingactioninthepast.参考答案：“ShewasreadingabookwhenIcalledher.”解析：句子结构正确（过去进行时+时间状语从句），表达过去同时进行的动作，1分；语法正确，1分。8.Theunit'sprojecttaskasksstudentstocreateaposterabout“SaveWater.”Whataretwoimportantelementstheyshouldinclude?参考答案：-Acatchysloganlike“EveryDropCounts”-Factsaboutwaterusageandconservationtips解析：列举两个海报必备元素，每点1分，共2分。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.CaseStudy:AstudentnamedLiHuawrotethefollowingsentenceinhiscomposition:“ManypeoplehavenotvisitedtheGreatBarrierReefbecauseitisfaraway.”Isthissentencecorrect?Whyorwhynot?Whatshouldhewriteinstead?参考答案：-Incorrect.Thepresentperfecttense“havenotvisited”shouldnotbeusedwith“becauseitisfaraway,”whichdescribesapermanentreason.-Correctalternative:“ManypeopledonotvisittheGreatBarrierReefbecauseitisfaraway.”解析：分析时态错误（永久原因需用一般现在时），1分；提出正确改法，1分；解释原因，2分。2.CaseStudy:Agroupofstudentsdiscussed“Howtoreducewasteatschool.”Theysuggested:“Wecanasktheschooltobuymoreplasticbottlesinsteadofpapercups.”Isthissuggestioneffectiveforreducingwaste?Whyorwhynot?参考答案：-Noteffective.Buyingmoreplasticbottleswouldincreasewaste,notreduceit.Abettersuggestionwouldbetousereusablecups.解析：指出建议的矛盾性，1分；解释原因，1分；提出改进方案，2分。3.CaseStudy:Astudentwrotethefollowingparagraphforhiscomposition:“TheGreatBarrierReefisabeautifulplace.Ithasmanycolorfulfish.Butnowitisindanger.Peopleshouldprotectit.”Howcanthestudentimprovethisparagraph?参考答案：-Addspecificdetails:“TheGreatBarrierReefisastunningecosystemwithover1,500speciesoffish.However,climatechangeandpollutionarethreateningitssurvival.Wecanhelpbyreducingsingle-useplastics.”解析：提出具体改进方法（增加细节、数据、解决方案），1分；语言表达更丰富，1分；逻辑更连贯，2分。4.CaseStudy:Astudentwaspreparingforthespeakingactivity.Hisideawas:“IwilltalkaboutfamousenvironmentalistslikeGretaThunberg.Sheisveryfamous.”Isthisagoodideafortheactivity?Whyorwhynot?Whatshouldhedoinstead?参考答案：-Notgood.Theactivityasksforpersonalideas,notjustfamouspeople.Heshouldsharehisownactions,like“Istartedarecyclingclubatschool.”解析：指出问题所在（缺乏个人观点），1分；解释原因，1分；提出替代方案，2分。5.CaseStudy:Astudentwrotethefollowingsentenceinhiscomposition:“Ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears,andIhaveneverseenanypollution.”Isthissentencepossible?Whyorwhynot?参考答案：-Notpossible.Thepresentperfecttense“haveneverseen”impliesanexperienceuptothepresent.Ifhehaslivedthereforfiveyearsbutneverseenpollution,itcontradictsreality.Abettersentencewouldbe:“Ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears,andithasbeenrelativelyclean.”解析：分析逻辑矛盾，1分；解释原因，1分；提出正确表达，2分。6.CaseStudy:Astudentwascreatingaposterabout“SaveWater.”Hisdesignincludedonlyapictureofawaterdropandtheword“Water.”Isthisagoodposter?Whyorwhynot?参考答案：-Notgood.Aposterneedsclearinformation.Heshouldaddasloganlike“Turnoffthetapwhennotinuse”andfactsaboutwaterscarcity.解析：指出设计缺陷（缺乏信息），1分；解释原因，1分；提出改进建议，2分。7.CaseStudy:Astudentwrotethefollowingsentenceinhiscomposition:“TheGreatBarrierReefwasformedabout2millionyearsago,anditwasalwaysbeautiful.”Isthissentencecorrect?Whatshouldhewriteinstead?参考答案：-Incorrect.Thepastcontinuoustense“wasalwaysbeautiful”isunrealisticforanaturalformation.Abettersentencewouldbe:“TheGreatBarrierReefwasformedabout2millionyearsago,andithasremainedbeautifulformostofthattime.”解析：分析时态错误（描述历史需用一般过去时或过去完成时），1分；提出正确改法，1分；解释原因，2分。8.CaseStudy:Astudentwaspreparingforthespeakingactivity.Hisideawas:“Iwilltalkabouthowtoreduceplasticwaste,butIwillnotuseanynewwordsfromtheunit.”Isthisagoodideafortheactivity?Whyorwhynot?参考答案：-Notgood.Theactivityrequiresusingnewvocabulary.Heshouldincludewordslike“sustainable”or“recycle”inhisspeech.Abetterideawouldbe:“Iwilltalkabouthowtoreduceplasticwaste,usingwordslike‘sustainable’and‘recycle’fromtheunit.”解析：指出问题所在（未使用新词汇），1分；解释