文都2015年12月英语四级考试真题及参考答案(估分用)

2015年12月英语四级考试真题及参考答案(估分用)1。

B。

They

enjoyed

the

movie

on

space

exploration。2。

A。

At

a

gift

shop。3。

C。

He

declined

a

job

offer

from

the

art

gallery。4。

D。

He

will

be

unable

to

attend

the

birthday

party。5。

B。

Set

a

deadline

for

the

staff

to

meet。6。

A。

They

way

to

the

visitor’s

parking。7。

D。

He

has

benefited

from

exercise。8。

D。

The

secretaries

in

the

man’s

company。9。

B。

It

is

used

by

more

people

than

English。10。

C。

The

influence

of

the

British

Empire。11.It

includes

a

lot

of

words

from

other

languages12.To

place

an

order13.He

is

not

familiar

with

the

exact

details

of

goods。14.It

depends

on

a

number

of

factors。15.Ring

back

when

she

comes

to

a

decision。16。

No

one

knows

for

sure

when

they

came

into

being。17.Carry

ropes

across

river。18.To

prove

the

lighting

is

electricity。19.She

can

speak

several

languages。20.They

have

an

intense

interest

in

cross-cultural

interactions。21.She

was

able

to

translate

for

a

German

sports

judge。22.Taste

the

beef

and

give

her

comment。23.He

grew

up

in

a

poor

single

parent

household。24.Stupid25.Write

two

book

reports

a

week。27。

fascinating29。

Now

and

then32。

characteristics34。

naked35

。Relatively

听力原文:1.They

admire

the

courage

of

space

explorers.They

enjoyed

the

movie

on

space

exploration.They

were

going

to

watch

a

wonderful

movie.They

like

doing

scientific

exploration

very

much.2.At

a

gift

shop.At

a

graduation

ceremony.In

the

office

of

a

travel

agency.In

a

school

library.3.He

used

to

work

in

the

art

gallery.He

does

not

have

a

good

memory.He

declined

a

job

offer

form

the

art

gallery.He

is

not

interested

in

any

part-time

jobs.4.Susan

has

been

invited

to

give

a

lecture

tomorrow.He

will

go

to

the

birthday

party

after

the

lecture.The

woman

should

have

informed

him

earlier.He

will

be

unable

to

attend

the

birthday

party.5.Reward

those

having

made

good

progress.Set

a

deadline

for

the

staff

to

meet.Assign

more

workers

to

the

project.Encourage

the

staff

to

work

in

small

groups.6.The

way

to

the

visitor’s

parking.The

rate

for

parking

in

Lot

C.How

far

away

the

parking

lot

is.Where

she

can

leave

her

car.7.He

regrets

missing

the

classes.He

plans

to

take

the

fitness

classes.He

is

looking

forward

to

a

better

life.He

has

benefited

form

exercise.8.A.

How

to

?

work

efficiency.B.

How

to

select

secretaries.C.

The

responsibilities

of

secretaries.D.

The

secretaries

in

the

man’s

company.

Conversation

19.It

is

more

difficult

to

learn

than

English.It

is

used

by

more

people

than

English.It

will

be

as

commonly

used

as

English.It

will

eventually

become

a

world

language.10.It

has

words

words

from

many

languages,Its

popularity

with

the

common

people.The

influence

of

the

British

Empire.The

effect

of

the

Industrial

Revolution,11.It

includes

a

lot

of

words

form

other

languages.It

has

a

growing

number

of

newly

coined

words,It

can

be

easily

picked

up

by

overseas

travellers.It

is

the

largest

among

all

languages

in

the

world.

Conversation

212.To

return

some

goods.To

apply

for

a

job.To

place

an

order.To

make

a

complaint.13.

He

has

become

somewhat

impatient

with

the

woman.He

is

not

familiar

with

the

exact

details

of

goods.He

has

not

worked

in

the

sales

department

for

long.He

works

on

a

part-time

basis

for

the

company.14.It

is

not

his

responsibility.It

will

be

free

for

large

orders.It

costs

15

more

for

express

delivery.It

depends

on

a

number

of

factors.15.Report

the

information

to

her

superior.Pay

a

visit

to

the

saleswoman

in

charge.Ring

back

when

she

comes

to

a

decision.Make

inquiries

with

some

other

companies.

Section

BPassage

116.No

one

knows

exactly

where

they

were

??No

one

knows

for

sure

when

thy

came

into

being.No

one

knows

for

what

purpose

they

were

?No

one

knows

what

they

will

?????17.Carry

ropes

across

rivers.Measure

the

speed

of

wind.Pass

on

secret

messages.Give

warnings

of

danger.18.To

protect

houses

against

lightning.To

test

the

effects

of

the

lightning

rod.To

find

out

the

strength

of

silk

for

kites.To

prove

the

lightning

is

electricity.

Passage

219.She

enjoys

teaching

languages,She

can

speak

several

languages,She

was

trained

to

be

an

interpreter.She

was

born

with

a

talent

for

languages.20.They

acquire

an

immunity

to

culture

shock.They

would

like

to

live

abroad

permanently.They

want

to

learn

as

many

foreign

languages

as

possible.They

have

an

intense

interest

in

cross-cultural

interactions.21.She

became

an

expert

in

horse

racing.She

got

a

chance

to

visit

several

European

countries.She

was

able

to

translate

for

a

German

sports

judge.She

learned

to

appreciate

classical

music.22.Taste

the

beef

and

give

her

comment.Take

part

in

a

cooking

competition.Teach

vocabulary

for

food

in

??Give

cooking

lessons

on

????

Passage

323.He

had

only

a

third-grade

education.He

once

threatened

to

kill

his

teacher.He

grew

up

in

a

poor

???He

often

helped

his

???24.Careless.Stupid.Brave.Active.25.Write

two

book

reports

a

week.Keep

a

diary.Help

with

housework.Watch

education??

Section

CWhen

you

look

up

at

the

night

sky,

what

do

you

see?

There

are

other…

besides

the

moon

and

stars.

One

of

the

most

27___

of

the

…

Comets

were

formed

around

the

same

time

the

Earth

was

formed.

…and

other

frozen

liquids

and

gases.

29___

these

“dirty

snow…”

just

as

the

planets

do.

As

a

comet

get

closer

to

the

sun,

some

gases

in

it

begin

to

unfreeze…

particles

form

the

comet

to

form

a

huge

cloud.

As

the

comet

gets

…

wind

blows

the

cloud

behind

the

comet,

thus

forming

its

tail.

The

tail…

(模糊的)

atmosphere

around

a

comet

are

32____

that

can

help…

in

the

night

sky.

In

any

given

year,

about

a

dozen

known

comets

come

close

to

…

average

person

can’t

see

them

all,

of

course.

Usually

there

is

only

one

…

to

be

seen

with

34___

eye.

Comet

Hale-Bopp,

discovered…

bright

comet.

Its

orbit

brought

it

35___

close

to

the

Earth,

…

But

Hale-Bopp

came

a

long

way

an

its

earthly

visit.

It

won’t

be

back…or

so.【选词填空】36。

N。

saw

第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late

November

and

December可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw。37。

F。

decades

根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“

for

the

first

time

in

the

two

decades”，

二十年来头一次。38。

H。

globally

句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是全球范围内最温暖的一个月。”39。

D。

chances

缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoy

the

snow

now，

“享受现在的雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。40。

J。

occurs

空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs。41。

A。

specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。42。

B。

associated

空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，be

associated

with表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。43。

G。

experiences

空格左为主语southern

Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，“南非经历着干燥的天气。44。

M。

reduce

空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。45。

K。

populations

空格与左边的large

fish

共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，“大量的鱼群”。选词填空原文（一）For

many

Americans，

2013

ended

with

an

unusually

bitter

cold

snap。

Late

November

and

December

saw

early

snow

and

bone-chilling

temperatures

in

much

of

the

country，

part

of

a

year

when—for

the

first

time

in

two

decades—record-cold

days

will

likely

turn

out

to

have

outnumbered

record-warm

ones。

But

the

U.S。

was

the

exception：

November

was

the

warmest

ever

globally，

and

the

provisional

data

indicates

that

2013

is

likely

to

have

been

the

fourth-hottest

year

on

record。Enjoy

the

snow

now，

because

chances

are

good

that

2014

will

be

even

hotter—perhaps

the

hottest

year

since

records

have

been

kept。

That’s

because，

scientists

are

predicting，

2014

will

be

an

El

Ni?o

year。El

Ni?o，

Spanish

for

“the

child”，

occurs

when

surface

ocean

waters

in

the

southern

Pacific

become

abnormally

warm。

So

large

is

the

Pacific，

covering

30%

of

the

planet’s

surface，

that

the

specific

energy

generated

by

its

warming

is

enough

to

touch

off

a

series

of

weather

changes

around

the

world。

El

Ni?o

are

associated

with

abnormally

dry

conditions

in

the

Southeast

Asia

and

Australia。

They

can

lead

to

extreme

rain

in

parts

of

North

and

South

America，

even

as

southern

Africa

experiences

dry

weather。

Marine

life

may

be

affected

too：

El

Ni?o

the

rising

of

the

cold，

nutrient-rich

water

that

supports

large

fish

populations，

and

the

unusually

warm

ocean

temperatures

can

destroy

coral。【阅读理解】原文：Could

you

reproduce

Silicon

Valley

elsewhere,

or

is

there

somethingunique

about

it?It

wouldn’t

be

surprising

if

it

were

hard

to

reproduce

in

othercountries,

because

you

couldn’t

reproduce

it

in

most

of

the

USeither.

What

does

it

take

to

make

a

silicon

valley?It

is

the

right

people.

If

you

could

get

the

right

ten

thousandpeople

to

move

from

Silicon

Valley

to

Buffalo,

Buffalo

would

becomeSilicon

Valley.You

only

need

two

kinds

of

people

to

create

a

technology

hub:

richpeople

and

nerds.Observation

bears

this

out:

within

the

US,

towns

have

becomestartup

hubs

if

and

only

if

they

have

both

rich

people

and

nerds.Few

startups

happen

in

Miami,

for

example,

because

although

it’sfull

of

rich

people,

it

has

few

nerds.

It’s

not

the

kind

of

placenerds

like.

WhereasPittsburgh

has

the

opposite

problem:

plenty

of

nerds,

but

no

richpeople.

The

top

US

Computer

Science

departments

are

said

to

be

MIT,Stanford,

Berkeley,

and

Carnegie-Mellon.

MIT

yielded

Route

128.Stanford

and

Berkeley

yielded

Silicon

Valley.

But

Carnegie-Mellon?The

record

skips

at

that

point.

Lower

down

the

list,

the

Universityof

Washington

yielded

a

high-tech

community

in

Seattle,

and

theUniversity

of

Texas

at

Austin

yielded

one

in

Austin.

But

whathappened

in

Pittsburgh?

And

in

Ithaca,

home

of

Cornell,

which

isalso

high

on

the

list?I

grew

up

in

Pittsburgh

and

went

to

college

at

Cornell,

so

I

cananswer

for

both.

The

weather

is

terrible,

particularly

in

winter,and

there’s

no

interesting

old

city

to

make

up

for

it,

as

there

isin

Boston.

Rich

people

don’t

want

to

live

in

Pittsburgh

or

Ithaca.So

while

there

are

plenty

of

hackers

who

could

start

startups,there’s

no

one

to

invest

in

them.Do

you

really

need

the

rich

people?

Wouldn’t

it

work

to

have

thegovernment

invest

in

the

nerds?

No,

it

would

not.

Startup

investorsare

a

distinct

type

of

rich

people.

They

tend

to

have

a

lot

ofexperience

themselves

in

the

technology

business.

This

helps

thempick

the

right

startups,

and

means

they

can

supply

advice

andconnections

as

well

as

money.

And

the

fact

that

they

have

apersonal

stake

in

the

outcome

makes

them

really

pay

attention.

参考答案及解析56.原文第一段第一句反问句“Could

you

reproduce

Silicon

Valley

elsewhere,

or

isthere

something

unique

about

it?”可得知答案选A——Its

success

is

hard

tocopy

anywhere

else.

选项copy同义改写原文的reproduce。57.由题干大写字母Miami定位到原文第五段“Few

startups

happen

in

Miami,

for

example,because

although

it’s

full

of

rich

people,

it

has

few

nerds.

It’snot

the

kind

of

place

nerdslike.”由因果关系词because找到原因——这里既是有很多富裕的人，却几乎没有nerds（痴迷科研的人）。所以答案选B——Lackof

the

right

kind

of

talents.

58，由题干大写字母Carnegie-Mellon,

MIT,

Stanford,Berkeley等定位到第六段，问CM和其他的是哪里有不同。“The

top

US

Computer

Sciencedepartments

are

said

to

be

MIT,

Stanford,

Berkeley,

andCarnegie-Mellon.

MIT

yielded

Route

128.

Stanford

and

Berkeleyyielded

Silicon

Valley.

But

Carnegie-Mellon?

The

record

skips

atthat

point.”原文讲到了MIT,

Stanford,

Berkeley都yielded产生了很有名的sciencedepartment，而Carnegie-Mellon呢？这个记录可以直接跳过忽略。言下之意就是CM没有出名的sciencedepartment，所以答案选D——It

does

not

pay

much

attention

to

businessstartups.59题，由题干大写字母Boston定位到倒数第二段。定位句“The

weather

is

terrible,

particularlyin

winter,

and

there’s

no

interesting

old

city

to

make

up

for

it,as

there

is

in

Boston”说到了Boston是一个无聊的老城市，而定位句的下一句“So

while

thereare

plenty

of

hackers

who

could

start

startups,

there’s

no

one

toinvest

in

them”说到了这样的城市无法吸引投资。所以答案选C——It

is

not

likely

to

attractlots

of

investors

and

nerds.60题，由startup

investors定位到最后一段。Startupinvestors不仅富有，他们一般都经验丰富，而且能给提供一些建议，所以答案选C——They

can

do

more

thanproviding

money.

原文：Everybody

sleeps—so

goes

the

Sesame

Street

song

meant

for

obstinately

awake

children。

That

may

be

true，

but

what

people

stay

up

late

to

catch—or

wake

up

early

in

order

not

to

miss—varies

by

culture。Around

the

world，

people

changed

sleep

patterns

thanks

to

the

start

or

end

of

daylight

savings

time。

Russians，

for

example，

began

to

wake

up

about

a

half-hour

later

each

day

after

President

Vladimir

Putin

shifted

the

country

permanently

to

“winter

time”

starting

on

October

26Russia’s

other

late

nights

and

early

mornings

generally

coincided

with

public

holidays。

One

such

spike

was

on

New

Year’s

Eve，

which

Russians

tend

to

ring

in

with

unusual

fervor，

as

well

as

on

World

War

II

Victory

Day。

According

to

another

Jawbone

finding，

Russians

have

the

world‘s

latest

bedtime

on

December

31，

hitting

the

hay

at

around

3：30

a.m。Russians

also

got

up

an

hour

later

on

International

Women’s

Day，

the

day

for

coddling

and

celebrating

female

relatives。Similarly，

Americans’

late

nights，

late

mornings，

and

longest

sleeps

coincided

with

three-day

weekends。Canada

got

the

least

sleep

of

the

year

the

night

it

beat

Sweden

in

the

Olympic

hockey

finalThe

World

Cup

was

also

a

major

sleep-deprivation

culprit。

The

worst

night

for

sleep

in

the

U.K。

was

the

night

of

the

England-Italy

match

on

June

14。

Brits

stayed

up

a

half-hour

later

to

watch

it，

and

then

they

woke

up

earlier

than

usual

the

next

morning

thanks

to

summer

nights，

the

phenomenon

in

which

the

sun

barely

sets

in

northern

countries

in

the

summertime。

That

was

nothing，

though，

compared

to

Germans，

Italians，

and

the

French，

who

stayed

up

around

an

hour

and

a

half

later

on

various

days

throughout

the

summer

to

watch

the

Cup。It

should

be

made

clear

that

not

everyone

has

a

device

to

record

their

sleep

patterns；

in

some

of

these

nations，

it’s

likely

that

only

the

richest

people

do。

And

people

who

elect

to

track

their

sleep

may

try

to

get

more

sleep

than

the

average

person。

Even

if

that’s

the

case，

though，

the

above

findings

are

still

striking。

If

the

most

healthconscious

among

us

have

such

deep

swings

in

our

shuteye

levels

throughout

the

year，

how

much

sleep

are

the

rest

of

us

losing

61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies

by

culture”，所以答案选A——They

are

culture-related。62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian，

for

example，

began

to

wake

up

about

a

half-hour

later

each

day”这一句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s

other

late

nights

and

early

mornings

generally

coincided

with

public

holidays”，所以答案为C——They

don’t

sleep

much

on

holidays。63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major

cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’

loss定位到倒数第二段的“compared

to

Germans，

Italians，

and

the

French，

who

stayed

up

around

an

hour

and

a

half

later

on

various

days

throughout

the

summer

to

watch

the

Cup”，原文的Germans，

Italians，

and

the

French就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed

up就是为了to

watch

the

Cup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The

World

Cup。64题，问的是富有的人使用设备来记录他们的睡眠模式的原因。由rich

people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其原因。按照四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句“And

people

who

elect

to

track

their

sleep

may

try

to

get

more

sleep

than

the

average

person”，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——They

want

to

get

sufficient

sleep。65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的观点，定位到最后一句If

the

most

healthconscious

among

us

have

such

deep

swings

in

our

shuteye

levels

throughout

the

year，

how

much

sleep

are

the

rest

of

us

losing？

作者提到了health-conscious，人们对健康的意识是缺乏的，对健康是视而不见的，所以答案选B——Few

people

really

know

the

importance

of

sleep。

【翻译】翻译原文：云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国的城市都要缓慢。丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于人生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。（paradise）翻译范文：Lijiang

ancient

town

of

Yunnan

Province

is

one

of

the

most

famous

travel

attractions

in

China.

The

tempo

of

life

there

is

slower

than

that

of

most

Chinese

cities.

There

are

many

natural

beauties

everywhere

and

many

national

minorities

provide

tourists

with

variety

of

colorful

cultural

experience.

It

is

also

well-known

as

“the

city

of

love”

in

history.

Many

stories

about

life

and

dying

for

love

has

received

wide

attention

among

the

natives.

Nowadays,

tourists

from

both

home

and

abroad

treat

this

ancient

city

as

a

paradise

of

love

and

romance.翻译原文：今年在长沙举行了一年一度的外国人汉语演讲比赛。这项比赛证明是促进中国和世界其他地区文化交流的好方法。它为世界各地的年轻人提供了更好地了解中国的机会。来自87个国家共计126位选手聚集在湖南省省会参加了从7月6日至8月5日进行的半决赛和决赛。比赛并不是唯一的活动。选手们还有机会参观了中国其他地区的著名景点和历史名胜。翻译范文：Annual

Chinese

speech

contest

for

foreigners

was

held

in

Changsha

this

year.

The

contest

was

proved

to

be

a

good

method

of

promoting

cultural

communication

between

China

and

other

parts

of

the

world.

It

provided

an

opportunity

for

young

people

from

all

over

the

world

to

better

understand

China.

A

total

o

126

competitors

from

87

countries

gathered

in

the

capital

of

Hunan

province

to

attend

the

semi-finals

and

the

finals

from

July

6th

to

August

5th.

The

competitors

had

a

chance

to

visit

the

famous

scenic

spots

and

historical

sites

in

other

parts

of

China

as

well.【写作】四级作文话题：“听比说重要”As

we

all

known,

talking

and

listening

are

commonly

used

in

communication,

but

how

can

you

talk

without

listening

to

others?

Good

conversation

skills

include

much

more

than

simply

talking

to

others,

listening

is

also

a

necessary

quality

of

a

successful

person.I

firmly

believe

that

listening

is

of

greater

significance

than

talking.

For

one

thing,

If

you

can

not

listen

correctly,

you

can

not

talk

properly.

Just

imagine

a

world

where

everyone

keep

talking

but

nobody

listening,

it's

useless

to

say

anything

then.

For

another,

if

you

want

to

make

achievement

in

social

settings,

relationships

and

business,

one

way

to

ensure

your

success

is

to

be

a

great

listener.Therefore,

in

order

to

enhance

our

conversation

skills,

here

are

a

few

simple

rules

we

can

follow

to

help

us

become

a

better

listener,

such

as

stopping

talking

endlessly,

giving

your

full

attention

to

the

speaker

and

making

an

effort

to

shift

the

focus

of

the

conversation

t