八年级英语阅读理解科普说明文专项7篇

第页八年级英语阅读理解科普说明文专项7篇一、专项说明本专项包含七篇原创科普说明文，体裁为说明文，主题覆盖自然、科技与生物常识，难度适配八年级。每篇阅读后设四道选择题，考查细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断和主旨归纳。答案与解析统一附于文末。二、阅读训练Passage1Treesareimportanttotheearth.Theytakeincarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen.Alargetreecantakeinabout22kilogramsofcarbondioxideeachyear.Treesalsostopthewindfromblowingthesoilaway.Incities,treesmakestreetscoolerinsummer.Somebirdsbuildnestsintreesandfindfoodthere.Scientistssayweshouldplantmoretreestokeeptheairclean.1.Whatdotreesgiveoutaccordingtothepassage?A.CarbondioxideB.OxygenC.SoilD.Wind2.Howmuchcarbondioxidecanalargetreetakeinayear?A.About2kilogramsB.About22kilogramsC.About220kilogramsD.About22grams3.Whatdotreesdoforthesoil?A.TheymakeitcoolerB.TheystopwindfromblowingitawayC.TheygiveitoxygenD.Theybuildnestsinit4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.BirdsliveintreesB.CitiesneedstreetsC.TreesareimportanttotheearthD.ScientistsplanttreesPassage2Thesunisastar.Itisthecloseststartotheearth.Thesungivesuslightandheat.Plantsneedsunlighttogrow.Withoutthesun,theearthwouldbedarkandcold.Thesunisverybig.Itisabout109timesaswideastheearth.Weshouldnotlookatthesundirectlybecauseitcanhurtoureyes.1.Whatisthesun?A.AplanetB.AstarC.AmoonD.Acomet2.Whydoplantsneedthesun?A.TogiveheatB.TogrowwithsunlightC.TolookbrightD.Tohurteyes3.Howwideisthesuncomparedwiththeearth?A.9timesB.19timesC.109timesD.190times4.Whatdoesthewriterwarnusnottodo?A.PlanttreesB.LookatthesundirectlyC.GrowplantsD.LiveontheearthPassage3Beesaresmallinsects.Theyflyfromflowertoflower.Theycollectnectarandmakehoney.Beesalsohelpflowersmakeseedsbycarryingpollen.Abeecanvisitabout2,000flowersinoneday.Withoutbees,manyfruitsandvegetableswouldnotgrow.Farmersneedbeestohelptheircrops.1.Whatdobeescollecttomakehoney?A.PollenB.NectarC.SeedsD.Flowers2.Howdobeeshelpflowers?A.TheyeatthemB.TheycarrypollentohelpmakeseedsC.TheygivethemwaterD.Theymakethembigger3.Howmanyflowerscanabeevisitinaday?A.About200B.About2,000C.About20,000D.About200,0004.Whydofarmersneedbees?A.TomakehoneyforsaleonlyB.TohelpcropsgrowC.TokeepthesoilD.TocleantheairPassage4Raincomesfromclouds.Whenwateronthegroundheatsup,itgoesintotheairasvapor.Thevaporcoolsandbecomessmalldropsofwaterintheclouds.Whenthedropsgetheavy,theyfallasrain.Raingiveswatertoriversandplants.Toomuchraincancausefloods,butnoraincancausedrought.1.Wheredoesraincomefrom?A.RiversB.CloudsC.ThegroundonlyD.Thesun2.Whatbecomessmalldropsofwaterintheclouds?A.HeatedwatervaporthatcoolsB.RiversC.SoilD.Bees3.Whathappenswhendropsincloudsgetheavy?A.TheygointotheairB.TheyfallasrainC.TheybecomevaporD.Theymakecloudsbigger4.Whatcantoomuchraincause?A.DroughtB.FloodsC.NowaterforplantsD.ColdweatherPassage5Electriccarsuseelectricity,notgasoline.Theyhaveabatterythatcanbecharged.Whendriving,theymakenosmoke.Thishelpstheairstayclean.Electriccarsarequieterthannormalcars.Buttheyneedchargingstations.Somepeoplethinkelectriccarswillbecommoninthefuture.1.Whatdoelectriccarsuse?A.GasolineB.ElectricityC.WindD.Coal2.Whathelpselectriccarsstayclean?A.TheymakenosmokewhendrivingB.TheyusegasolineC.TheyarelouderD.Theyhavenobattery3.Howareelectriccarsdifferentinsound?A.LouderthannormalcarsB.QuieterthannormalcarsC.SameasnormalcarsD.Nosoundatall4.Whatdoelectriccarsneed?A.GasolinestationsB.ChargingstationsC.MoresmokeD.BiggerenginesPassage6Thehumanbraincontrolsthebody.Ithelpsusthink,see,andmove.Thebrainusesabout20percentoftheenergyfromfood.Sleephelpsthebrainrest.Whenwelearnsomethingnew,thebrainmakesnewconnections.Readingandsolvingproblemskeepthebrainactive.1.Whatdoesthebraincontrol?A.OnlytheeyesB.ThebodyC.ThefoodD.Thecar2.Howmuchfoodenergydoesthebrainuse?A.About2percentB.About20percentC.About50percentD.About80percent3.Whathelpsthebrainrest?A.ReadingB.SleepC.DrivingD.Eating4.Whatkeepsthebrainactive?A.SleeponlyB.ReadingandsolvingproblemsC.SittingstillD.WatchingsmokePassage7Coralreefsarefoundinwarmseawater.Theyaremadebytinyanimalscalledcorals.Manyfishandotherseaanimalsliveincoralreefs.Thereefsprotectthecoastfrombigwaves.Butdirtywaterandwarmseascankillcorals.Peopleshouldkeeptheseacleantosavethem.1.Wherearecoralreefsfound?A.IncoldriversB.InwarmseawaterC.OnhighmountainsD.Inlakes2.Whatmakescoralreefs?A.FishB.TinyanimalscalledcoralsC.WavesD.People3.Whatdocoralreefsprotect?A.ThecoastfrombigwavesB.ThesunC.ThetreesD.Thebees4.Whatcankillcorals?A.CleanwaterB.ColdseasC.DirtywaterandwarmseasD.Smallfish三、答案与解析1.B。细节题。第一段第三句“Theytakeincarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen.”说明树木释放氧气。2.B。细节题。第一段“Alargetreecantakeinabout22kilogramsofcarbondioxideeachyear.”可知约22千克。3.B。细节题。第一段“Treesalsostopthewindfromblowingthesoilaway.”说明树木防止风把土壤吹走。4.C。主旨题。全文围绕树木对地球的重要性展开，首句即点明主题。5.B。细节题。第二段首句“Thesunisastar.”太阳是一颗恒星。6.B。细节题。第二段“Plantsneedsunlighttogrow.”植物需要阳光生长。7.C。细节题。第二段“Itisabout109timesaswideastheearth.”太阳宽度约为地球的109倍。8.B。细节题。末句“Weshouldnotlookatthesundirectly...”警告不要直视太阳。9.B。细节题。第三段“Theycollectnectarandmakehoney.”蜜蜂采集花蜜酿蜜。10.B。细节题。第三段“Beesalsohelpflowersmakeseedsbycarryingpollen.”通过传粉帮助结种。11.B。细节题。第三段“Abeecanvisitabout2,000flowersinoneday.”一天约访2000朵花。12.B。推理题。末句说农民需要蜜蜂帮助庄稼，故为助作物生长。13.B。细节题。第四段首句“Raincomesfromclouds.”雨来自云。14.A。细节题。水蒸气冷却成小水滴，“Thevaporcoolsandbecomessmalldropsofwaterintheclouds.”15.B。细节题。“Whenthedropsgetheavy,theyfallasrain.”变重就落为雨。16.B。细节题。末句“Toomuchraincancausefloods”过多降雨引发洪水。17.B。细节题。第五段“Electriccarsuseelectricity,notgasoline.”使用电。18.A。细节题。“