2026年广东省人教版初中九年级英语下册第7单元语法填空练习

2026年广东省人教版初中九年级英语下册第7单元语法填空练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Lioftenasksusto_______ourhomeworkcarefullybeforeclass,butIstillmakemistakessometimes.A.finishB.finishingC.finishedD.tofinish【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。asksb.todosth.意为“要求某人做某事”，固定搭配。题干中beforeclass是时间状语，此处需用动名词作宾语，故选B。若选A/C，缺少助动词，且动词形式错误；若选D，todosth.不与ask搭配。2.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatthey_______notleavetheclassroomuntilthetestwasover.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。tellsb.thattheymustdosth.意为“告诉某人必须做某事”，固定句型。根据句意“直到考试结束不能离开教室”，表示强制性义务，must符合语境。can表示能力或允许；may表示可能性或请求许可；need表示需要，均不符合。3.Ifyou_______moretime,youwouldhavefinishedtheprojectlastweek.A.hadB.haveC.hadhadD.wouldhavehad【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，从句表示与过去事实相反，需用过去完成时had+done。主句wouldhavedone表示与过去事实相反的结果。题干中“你本来有更多时间”与过去事实相反，故选A。4._______shearrives,we_______startthemeeting.A.Assoonas;willB.Until;willC.Before;canD.After;may【答案】A【解析】考查时间状语从句。assoonas意为“一……就……”，表示先后顺序，主句用一般将来时。题干意为“她一到我们就开会”，符合逻辑关系，故选A。若选B，until表示“直到”，与句意矛盾；C项before表示“在……之前”，不符合；D项after表示“在……之后”，时序错误。5.Theboy,_______parentsaredoctors,isgoingtostudymedicinenextyear.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是boy，指人，且关系词在从句中作parents的定语，需用whose。who/whom在从句中作主语/宾语；which指物，均不符合。6.Itisimportantforstudents_______theycancommunicateinEnglishwell.A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句型Itisimportantforsb.that...中，that引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；但此处that无实际意义，需用how引导，表示“如何”。what表示“什么”；whether表示“是否”，均不符合。7.Thecompanydecidedto_______thefactorybecauseitwastoooldandexpensivetomaintain.A.closeB.closingC.closedD.toclose【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”，固定搭配。题干中“公司决定关闭工厂”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。若选B/C，缺少助动词且形式错误；若选D，decide不与todo搭配。8.IfI_______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.A.amB.wereC.beD.is【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，从句表示与现在事实相反，需用一般过去时。主句woulddo表示与现在事实相反的假设。题干中“如果我是你”，表示虚拟身份，故选B。若选A/C/D，时态错误。9.Thestudentsweresurprisedtoseetheirteacher_______thestagewithamicrophoneinhishand.A.comeB.comesC.comingD.comes【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。seesb.doingsth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，固定搭配。题干中“看见老师拿着麦克风走上舞台”，动名词作宾语补足语，故选C。若选A/B/D，动词形式错误。10.Thebook_______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用that。which指物，但作主语时需用that；who/whom指人，不符合。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Themanageraskedme_______Ihadfinishedthereportbeforethemeeting.【答案】if【解析】考查宾语从句。asksb.aboutsth.或asksb.whether/if...意为“询问某人是否……”，固定搭配。题干中“询问我是否完成报告”，whether/if均可，但if更常用。2.Bythetimetheyarrived,thetrain_______fortenminutes.【答案】hadbeenrunning【解析】考查时态。bythetime引导的时间状语从句中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。题干中“火车开行了十分钟”，表示动作持续到过去某个时间点，需用过去完成进行时。3.Itisnecessary_______everyonetofollowtherulesintheclassroom.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。句型Itisnecessaryforsb.todosth.意为“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，固定搭配。题干中“对每个人来说遵守规则是必要的”，需用for。4.Thegirl_______issittingnexttomeismybestfriend.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是girl，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用who。which指物；that指物时作主语需用which，不符合。5.Ifyou_______harder,youwouldhavepassedtheexamlastmonth.【答案】hadstudied【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，从句表示与过去事实相反，需用过去完成时had+done。主句wouldhavedone表示与过去事实相反的结果。题干中“如果你更努力”，表示过去未实现的假设，故选hadstudied。6.Theman_______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.【答案】whom【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是man，指人，且关系词在从句中作宾语，需用whom。who指人时作宾语需用whom，符合语法规则。7.Thestudentsarediscussing_______theyshoulddotoimprovetheirEnglish.【答案】how【解析】考查宾语从句。discusssth.withsb.aboutsth.或discusshow/what/whether...意为“讨论如何/什么/是否做某事”，固定搭配。题干中“讨论如何提高英语”，需用how。8.Theteachertoldthestudents_______theyshouldnotbelateforclass.【答案】that【解析】考查宾语从句。tellsb.that...意为“告诉某人……”，固定搭配。题干中“老师告诉学生不要迟到”，that引导宾语从句，无实际意义，需用that。9.Thebook_______IamreadingisaboutthehistoryofChina.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用which或that。两者在此处均可，但that更常用。10.Itisimportant_______weshouldprotecttheenvironment.【答案】that【解析】考查宾语从句。句型Itisimportantthat...中，that引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。题干中“我们保护环境很重要”，that无实际意义，需用that。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thestudentswereexcitedbecausetheyweregoingtovisitthemuseumthenextday.(×)【答案】错【解析】考查时态。because引导的原因状语从句中，主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时。题干中“他们第二天要去参观博物馆”，表示过去的事实，但主句时态错误，应改为weregoingtovisit。2.IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacarnow.(×)【答案】错【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，从句表示与现在事实相反，需用一般过去时。主句woulddo表示与现在事实相反的假设。题干中“如果我有更多钱”，表示现在未实现的假设，从句应改为hadmoremoney。3.Thegirlwhoissingingonthestageismysister.(√)【答案】对【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是girl，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用who。此处who符合语法规则，句子正确。4.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.(√)【答案】对【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用that。此处that符合语法规则，句子正确。5.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheymustfinishtheirhomeworkbeforegoingtobed.(√)【答案】对【解析】考查宾语从句。tellsb.that...意为“告诉某人……”，固定搭配。题干中“老师告诉学生必须在睡觉前完成作业”，that引导宾语从句，句子正确。6.Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldstayathome.(×)【答案】错【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的假设条件句中，从句表示与将来事实相反，需用一般过去时。主句woulddo表示与将来事实相反的假设。题干中“如果明天下雨”，表示将来未实现的假设，从句应改为rained。7.Theboywhoisplayingthepianoismybrother.(√)【答案】对【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是boy，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用who。此处who符合语法规则，句子正确。8.ThegirlwhomIspoketolastweekisastudent.(√)【答案】对【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是girl，指人，且关系词在从句中作宾语，需用whom。此处whom符合语法规则，句子正确。9.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(×)【答案】错【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用which或that。此处which符合语法规则，但which在口语中不如that常用，且需注意which/that作主语时无需变体，句子结构正确但表达不够地道。10.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheycouldnotleavetheclassroomuntilthetestwasover.(√)【答案】对【解析】考查宾语从句。tellsb.that...意为“告诉某人……”，固定搭配。题干中“老师告诉学生直到考试结束不能离开教室”，that引导宾语从句，句子正确。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.ExplainthestructureandfunctionofarelativeclauseinEnglish.【参考答案】Relativeclauses(定语从句)aredependentclausesthatprovideadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase(先行词).Theyareintroducedbyrelativepronouns(关系代词)suchaswho,whom,whose,which,that,orbyrelativeadverbs(关系副词)suchaswhen,where,why.Therelativepronounintheclausecanactasasubject,object,orpossessiveadjective.Forexample:-ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting.(that作宾语)-Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.(who作主语)-ThecitywhereIgrewupisbeautiful.(where作地点状语)Relativeclauseshelptomakesentencesmoreconciseandmeaningfulbycombiningtwoideasintoone.2.Whatarethedifferencesbetween"must"and"haveto"inexpressingnecessity?【参考答案】Both"must"and"haveto"expressnecessity,buttheydifferinusage:-"Must"isamodalverbandisusedforexpressingstrongpersonalobligationorstrongadvice.Itisonlyusedinthepresenttenseandhasnonegativeform(mustn't).Forexample:-Youmustfinishyourhomeworknow.-Hemustbeathomebecausethelightsareon.-"Haveto"isastructure(notamodalverb)andcanbeusedinalltenses.Itcanbenegative(don'thaveto)andisoftenusedtoexpressexternalobligations.Forexample:-Ihavetogotothedoctortomorrow.-Youdon'thavetowearauniformhere.Insummary,"must"ismorepersonal,while"haveto"ismoreexternal.3.Howdoyouformasentencewithaconditionalclauseofthesecondtype?【参考答案】Asecondconditionalsentence(与现在事实相反的假设)isformedasfollows:-If+simplepasttense,...would+baseformofverb.Forexample:-IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacar.-Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldstayathome.Thesecondconditionalisusedtodescribehypotheticalsituationsinthepresentorfuturethatareunlikelytohappen.Theifclauseusesthesimplepasttense,andthemainclauseuseswould+baseform.4.Explaintheuseof"which"and"that"inrelativeclauses.【参考答案】"Which"and"that"arebothrelativepronounsusedinrelativeclauses,buttheyhavedifferentuses:-"Which"isusedforinanimateobjects(指物)andcanalsobeusedforpeople(指物)whenreferringtotheiropinionsorcharacteristics.Forexample:-ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting.-ThemanwhichIspoketoisafamouswriter.-"That"canbeusedforbothpeople(指人)andinanimateobjects(指物).Itismorecommonthan"which"informalwritingandistheonlychoicewhenreferringtopeopleinformalcontexts.Forexample:-Thegirlthatissingingismysister.-ThebookthatIboughtisexpensive.Insummary,"which"isgenerallyusedforobjects,while"that"ismoreversatileandcanbeusedforbothpeopleandobjects.5.Whatisthedifferencebetween"so"and"such"?【参考答案】"so"and"such"arebothusedtoexpressahighdegreeofqualityorquantity,buttheydifferinstructure:-"so+adj./adv."+thatclause:Forexample:-Heissotallthathecantouchtheceiling.-"such+noun"+thatclause:Forexample:-Itissuchabeautifulflowerthateveryonewantstoseeit."so"isfollowedbyanadjectiveoradverb,while"such"isfollowedbyanoun.Bothcanbeusedinthesamemeaning,but"such"ismoreformal.6.Howdoyouformasentencewithanon-finiteverb?【参考答案】Non-finiteverbs(非谓语动词)includegerunds(动名词),infinitives(不定式),andparticiples(分词).Theydonotfunctionasthemainverbofasentencebutcanactasnouns,adjectives,oradverbs.Forexample:-Readingbooksismyhobby.(gerundassubject)-IwanttolearnEnglish.(infinitiveasobject)-Thegirlsingingonthestageismysister.(participleasadjective)Non-finiteverbsareusedtomakesentencesmoreconciseandvaried.7.Whatisthefunctionof"if"inaconditionalsentence?【参考答案】"If"isaconjunctionusedtointroduceconditionalclauses(条件状语从句)inEnglish.Itexpressesaconditionanditspossibleresult.Forexample:-Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."If"canintroducefirstconditionals(一般条件句),secondconditionals(与现在/将来事实相反的假设),andthirdconditionals(与过去事实相反的假设).Itisessentialforexpressinghypotheticalsituationsandtheirconsequences.8.Howdoyouuse"while"inasentence?【参考答案】"While"isaconjunctionusedtoconnecttwoactionsthathappenatthesametime(同时).Itcanintroduceasubordinateclauseandisfollowedbyaverbinthesametense.Forexample:-IwaswatchingTVwhilemysisterwascooking.-Heisreadingabookwhileheiswaitingforthebus.Whilecanalsobeusedtocontrasttwoactions(对比).Forexample:-Sheisrichwhileherbrotherispoor.Whileisversatileandcommonlyusedinbothtimeandcontrastcontexts.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses.(1)IfI_______(have)moretime,I_______(study)Englisheveryday.(2)Thebook_______(write)bymyfavoriteauthorisveryinteresting.(3)Thegirl_______(speak)tomelastnightismyneighbor.(4)Itisimportantforus_______(protect)theenvironment.(5)Theman_______(see)atthebusstopiswaitingforhisfriend.(6)Ifyou_______(work)harder,you_______(pass)theexameasily.【参考答案】(1)had;wouldstudy(2)written;which(3)who(4)that(5)standing(6)worked;wouldpass2.Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingarelativeclause.(1)Theboyismyfriend.Heisplayingthepiano.(2)Thebookisinteresting.Iboughtityesterday.(3)Thegirlissmart.Sheissittingnexttome.(4)Thecityisbeautiful.Iwasbornthere.【参考答案】(1)Theboywhoisplayingthepianoismyfriend.(2)ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisinteresting.(3)Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeissmart.(4)ThecitywhereIwasbornisbeautiful.3.Completethefollowingdialoguewithappropriatewordsorphrases.A:What_______youdolastweekend?B:I_______tothelibrarywithmyfriends.We_______somebooksandwatchedamovie.A:Thatsoundsfun._______youlikereading?B:Yes,I_______readingbecauseithelpsmerelax.A:_______youeverreadabookinEnglish?B:Yes,I_______"TheGreatGatsby"lastmonth.Itwasverydifficultbutinteresting.【参考答案】A:did;went;readA:Do;enjoyA:Have;read4.Completethefollowingpassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses.Lastyear,I_______(go)toLondonforthefirsttime.Thecity_______(be)fullofbeautifulbuildingsandmodernskyscrapers.I_______(visit)theTowerofLondonandtheBritishMuseum.Theguide_______(tell)usmanyinterestingstoriesaboutthehistoryofEngland.Intheevening,I_______(walk)alongtheThamesRiverandwatchedthefireworks.It_______(be)aunforgettabletrip.【参考答案】went;was;visited;told;walked;was5.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses.(1)IfI_______(be)you,I_______(notleave)theclassroomuntiltheteachercomes.(2)Thebook_______(write)bymygrandfatherisveryvaluable.(3)Thegirl_______(see)atthedoorismysister.(4)Itisimportantforstudents_______(follow)therulesinschool.(5)Theman_______(interview)lastweekisafamousscientist.(6)Ifyou_______(study)harder,you_______(pass)theexameasily.【参考答案】(1)were;wouldn'tleave(2)written;which(3)standing(4)that(5)interviewed(6)studied;wouldpass6.Completethefollowingpassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses.Lastmonth,myclass_______(have)afieldtriptothesciencemuseum.Themuseum_______(be)fullofinterestingexhibits.We_______(see)manydinosaursandspacerockets.Theguide_______(explain)howtheplanetsmovearoundthesun.I_______(learn)alotaboutsciencethatday.It_______(be)themostexcitingdayofmylife.【参考答案】had;was;saw;explained;learned;was【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B动名词作宾语2.Amust表示强制性义务3.A虚拟语气从句用过去完成时4.Aassoonas表示先后顺序5.Cwhose作定语6.Chow引导宾语从句7.Adecidetodosth.固定搭配8.B虚拟语气从句用一般过去时9.Cseesb.doingsth.固定搭配10.Bwhich/that指物作主语二、填空题1.ifasksb.whether/if...2.hadbeenrunningbythetime从句用过去完成进行时3.forItisnecessaryforsb.todosth.4.whowho指人作主语5.hadstudied虚拟语气从句用过去完成时6.whomwhom指人作宾语7.howdiscusshow/what/whether...8.thattellsb.that...9.which/thatwhich/that指物作主语10.thatItisimportantthat...三、判断题1.×主句时态错误，应改为weregoingtovisit2.×从句时态错误，应改为rained3.√who符合语法规则4.√that符合语法规则5.√that引导宾语从句6.×从句时态错误，应改为rained7.√who符合语法规则8.√whom符合语法规则9.×which在口语中不如that常用，但句子结构正确10.√that引导宾语从句四、简答题1.Relativeclausesaredependentclausesintroducedbywho/whom/whose/which/thatorwhen/where/why,providingadditionalinformationaboutanoun.Theycanactassubjects,objects,oradjectives.Forexample:-ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting.(that作宾语)-Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.(who作主语)-ThecitywhereIgrewupisbeautiful.(where作地点状语)2."Must"isamodalverbusedforstrongpersonalobligationoradvice,onlyinthepresenttense,nonegativeform(mustn't).Forexample:-Youmustfinishyourhomeworknow."Haveto"isastructureusedinalltenses,canbenegative(don'thaveto),expressesexternalobligations.Forexample:-Ihavetogotothedoctortomorrow.3.Secondconditional:If+simplepasttense,...would+baseform.Forexample:-IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacar.Usedforhypotheticalsituationsinthepresentorfuturethatareunlikelytohappen.4."Which"isusedforinanimateobjectsandpeople'sopinions.Forexample:-ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting."That"isusedforbothpeopleandinanimateobjects,morecommoninformalwriting.Forexample:-Thegirlthatissingingismysister.5."So"+adj./adv.+thatclause:Forexample:-Heissotallthathecantouchtheceiling."Such"+noun+thatclause:Forexample:-Itissuchabeautifulflowerthateveryonewantstoseeit.6.Non-finiteverbsincludegerunds(reading),infinitives(tolearn),andparticiples(singing).Forexample:-Readingbooksismyhobby.(gerundassubject)-IwanttolearnEnglish.(infinitiveasobject)7."If"introducesconditionalclauses,expressingconditionsandtheirresults.Forexample:-Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.Usedforfirst,second,andthirdconditionals.8."While"connectsactionshappeningatthesametimeorcontrastingtwosituations.Forexample:-IwaswatchingTVwhilemysisterwascooking.-Sheisrichwhileherbrotherispoor.五、应用题1.(1)had;wouldstudy(2)written;which(3)who(4)that(5)standing(6)worked;wouldpass解析：(1)虚拟语气从句用过去完成时，主句用would+baseform.(2)过去分词作定语，which指物作宾语.(3)who指人作主语.(4)that引导宾语从句.(5)现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作.(6)虚拟语气从句用一般过去时，主句用would+baseform.2.(1)Theboywh