2025-2026学年河北省邯郸市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年河北省邯郸市高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AYoung

Poets

Star

Competition

2026ThepopularYoungPoetsStarCompetitionisnowopen!Itinvitesyoungwritersfromallovertheworldtotakepart.

Thecompetitionasksyoutosendyourmostcreativeandbeautifulpoems.Youcanwriteaboutanythingyoulike.Startedin2018，YoungPoetsStarisoneofthebest-knownstudentwritingcompetitions.Ithonorsgreatcreativeworksandbringsyoungtalentstogethertosharetheirpoemsonabiginternationalstage.

The2026contesthassixcategories（类别）：

•Nature•Friendship•SchoolLife

•Dreams•Animals•CreativePoetry

Thecompetitioncaresaboutclearlanguage，truefeelings，newideasandcreativity.

Youmayhandinupto2poemspercategoryandenterasmanycategoriesasyouwish.

Yourworkswillbejudgedonwritingskills，creativity，clearorganizationandstrongideas.Afterfinalistsarechosen，peoplecanvoteonline，andthefinalwinnerswillbedecidedbythecompetition'sexpertteam.

Theexpertteamincludesfamouswriters，languageteachersandmagazineeditorsfromaroundtheworld.

Winnerswillbeannouncedon15August2026.

Whocanjoin？

Allyoungpeopleaged12—18fromanycountrycantakepart.

Prizes

Eachcategorywinnerwillreceive：

•Asetoffamouspoetrybooks

•A﹩300giftcardforstationery（文具）

•TheirpoemsprintedintheYoungPoetsStar2026Book

•Achancetohavetheirworksshowninanonlineexhibition

Entryfee

It'sfreetoenter!

Howtoenter

Sendyourpoemstoyoungpoets2026@before30July2026.Writeyourname，age，countryandcategoryintheemail.1.Whatisthepurposeofthecompetition？______A.Totrainteens'poemwritingskills.

B.Toselectworksforanonlineexhibition.

C.Tochooseeditorsforpoetrymagazines.

D.Toinspirecreativityanddiscoveryoungtalents.2.Whowillpickthefinalwinners？______A.Onlinevoters. B.Competitionorganizers.

C.Theexpertgroup. D.Magazinereaders.3.Whatcanwinnersgetasaprize？______A.Freeonlinewritingcourses. B.Publicationoftheirpoems.

C.bookonwritingpoems. D.Travelexpensesforcompetitions.B

KirstyisfromTunbridgeWells，England.In2024，shebeganexperiencingproblemswithhereyesightandmemory.Doctorsdiscoveredalargetumor（肿瘤）inherbrainandmanagedtoremovepartofit.Followingtheoperation，hereyesightandmemorygraduallycameback.

Butthetumorwaslocatedinadelicate（脆弱的）areaofthebrainandcouldnotbecompletelyremoved.Tostopitfromgrowing，Kirstyhastogothroughaharshtreatmentcalledchemotherapythatusesstrongmedicinetoattackcancercells（细胞）.Shedescribesthetreatmentasreallypainful，leavingherfeelingtiredandbreathless.Shehasalreadycompletedoneroundandisnowreceivingasecond.Yetsharingherstoryandraisingmoneytohelpothershasmadeiteasierforhertogetthrough.

Kirstywasinspiredtoraisefundsafterlearninghowlittlesupportwenttochildhoodbraintumorresearch.Shefeltshehadtospeakoutandbringaboutchange.Lastyear，shemade70decorationsbyhandduringherfirstchemotherapyandraisedover£120，000forachildren'scancercharity.

Thisyear，shelaunchedawebsitenamedMyNameIsKwithherfather，callingonpeoplenamedKirsty（orwithsimilarspellings）tojointheircause.Peoplecanuploadtheirnames，photosandlocationsontothesitetoshowsupport，creatingaglobalcommunityofkindness.Morethan11，000peoplehaveofferedsupport，andpeoplewithothernamescanalsojoinas"FriendsofKirsty".Thewebsitehasattractedattentionfromaroundtheworldandraisedover£80，000sofar.

WhenKirstywasaskedifshehadadviceforothers，shereplied，"Youcandoanythingaslongasyousetyourmindtoit.Don'tsetyourselfagoal，justaimtogoasfarasyoucan，whichmightbealotfurtherthanyouimagine!"4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"harsh"inparagraph2probablymean？______A.Tough B.Quick C.Final D.Basic5.WhatcontributedtoKirsty'sstartingthefundraisingactivity？______A.Thesuccessofherfirstchemotherapy.

B.Theencouragementfromotherpatients.

C.Thequickrecoveryfromhereyeoperation.

D.Thelackofresearchfundingforthedisease.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutKirsty'sfundraisingactivitythisyear？______A.Itrejectspeoplewithothernames.

B.Itissupportedbypeopleworldwide.

C.Ithascollectedmoremoneythanlastyear.

D.Itdependsonmakinghandmadedecorations.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKirsty？______A.Strong-willedandcaring. B.Creativeandindependent.

C.Optimisticandstrict. D.Cooperativeandhonest.C

Everyyear，thousandsofAmericansjointheNationalRiverCleanupDay，collectingwastethatblockswaterwaysandharmswildlife.Launchedin1991bythenonprofitAmericanRivers，thiseventpromotescommunityriverprotection.However，mostpeopleonlydooccasionalcleanups.Infact，full-timeguardians—"riverkeepers"，"baykeepers"，or"waterkeepers"—playakeydailyrole.Let'sexploretheriverkeepermovementanditslessonsforcitizen-ledenvironmentalefforts.

Fiftyyearsago，USwaterwayswerefarmorepolluted：poorlydammed，changed，andpoisonedbyuncontrolledpollution.Riverfireswerecommon.NewYork'sHudsonRiverwasbadlypollutedbyindustrialwastebythemid-1960s.Thisseriouspollutionledtocitizenaction：singerPeteSeegerfoundedadvocacy（拥护）groupHudsonRiverSloopClearwaterin1966，andlocalfishermenunitedthesameyeartofightpolluterswithan1888federallaw.Thefishermen'ssuccessresultedintheHudsonRiverFishermen'sAssociation，renamedRiverkeeperin1986.Otherprotectiongroupsfollowedsimilarmodels.In1999，theWaterkeeperAlliancewasfoundedtouniteandsupportallthe"keeper"groupsintheU.S.andabroad.

Riverkeeperearlysucceededwithtwofederallaws：the1888RiversandHarborsActand1899RefuseAct.Theselawsbanned（禁止）pollutionofUSwatersandofferedriverkeepersrewards（奖金）forreportingpeoplewhobrokethelaws.ThemoneyhelpedRiverkeeperbuypatrol（巡逻）boatsandhirestaff，makingtheHudsonaglobalecosystemmodel.

Publicconcerndrovegovernmentaction：the1968WildandScenicRiversActprotectedriversfromdams，while1970'sEPAand1972'sCleanWaterActcutpollution.Thesepolicies，withcitizenefforts，greatlyimprovedmanyUSrivers.

Modernriverkeepersprotectwaterwaysthroughmonitoring，pollutiontesting，andproblem-solving.TheHudsonRiverkeeperpatrols6，000seamilesyearly，testingwaterqualityat74sites.TheyeducateunawarepollutersandtakelegalactionagainstseriousbreaksoftheCleanWaterAct.

Today'sriverkeepersstillfacebothnewandtraditionalpollutionchallengesworsenedbyclimatechange，sotheirworkremainshighlysignificant.8.WhydidtheHudsonRiverfishermenformanassociation？______A.Toapplyforfederallaws. B.Topromotefishingactivities.

C.TosupportPeteSeeger'sgroup. D.Tofightagainstwaterpollution.9.WhathelpedtheearlyRiverkeepermakegreatachievements？______A.Advancedequipmentforwatertesting.

B.Paymentsforreportingillegalpolluters.

C.Donationsfromenvironmentalorganizations.

D.Financialsupportfromthelocalgovernment.10.Whatisthemainideaofthesecond-to-lastparagraph？______A.Themodernworkingwaysofriverkeepers.

B.Themeasurestopunishseriouspolluters.

C.Thenecessityoftestingwaterquality.

D.ThepatrolworkofHudsonRiverkeeper.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.TheRoleofNationalRiverCleanupDay

B.TheHistoryofAmericanRiverProtection

C.TheFightAgainstRiverPollutionintheUS

D.TheRiverkeeperMovementandItsImportanceD

Inthe18thand19thcenturies，handmadeproductswerenecessaryindailylife，suchaswoven（编织的）cloth，toolsandpottery.Craftsmen（手艺人）spentyearslearningdifficultskills，puttingtheirtimeandeffortintoturningsimplematerialsintoproductsfullofhumanwarmth.However，intheearly20thcentury，massproductionandmachinessweptacrossindustries，takingtheplaceoftheseoldcraftsalmostovernight.Thisgreatchangeshowsanimportanttruth：technologicalprogressoftenreplacestraditionwithoutthinkingaboutwhatwelose.ThisisthemaintopicofculturalhistorianDavidPye'sbookTheNatureandArtofWorkmanship.

Pyeadvisespeoplenottovalueefficiency（效率）onlywhileignoringthevalueofcraftsmanship.Hebelievesnewtechnologiesbringclearadvantageslikefasterproduction，lowercostsandwiderchoicesforpeople，buttheyalsodestroythespecialvalueofhandmadegoods.Machine-madeproductsareallthesameandeasytouse，buttheyhavenospecialstyleoremotionalmeaning.Forexample，achairmadebyaskilledcraftsmanholdshisyearsofexperience，localcultureanduniquecharacteristicsthatmachinescannotcopy.

Traditionalcraftsarecloselyconnectedwithanation'scultureanditspeople'sdailylife.Forcenturies，craftskillswerepasseddownthroughfamiliesandsmallgroups，buildingcloserelationshipsbetweengenerationsandkeepinglocaltraditionsalive.Yetmanyoldcraftsaredisappearingnow.InJapan，theancientartofmakingwashipaperhasahistoryofover1，000years，buttodayonlyafewpeoplestillpracticeit.Worsestill，thelossofcraftsweakensourpracticalskillsandhumanconnections.Handworkrequirespatience，focusandpractice，whichbringastrongsenseofachievementthatscreen-basedworkcannotoffer.

Somepeoplesaytechnologycanhelptraditionalcraftsdevelop，andthisistrueinsomecases.Butsuchprogressoftenlosestherealmeaningofthosecrafts.Theauthorsuggestsweshouldacceptnewtechnologywhilevaluingprecioustraditions，sothatwewillnotlosetherichexperiencebroughtbyhandmadecreationsjustformassproduction.12.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1？______A.Topresenttheauthor'sdailylife.

B.Toexplainhandmadeproductmaking.

C.Toshowhandcrafts'longhistory.

D.Tointroducetechandtraditiontopic.13.WhatdoesDavidPyethinkofmass-producedproducts？______A.Theycarryrichculturalvalue.

B.Theycostmorebutofferbetterquality.

C.Theylackindividualityandhumantouch.

D.Theylookbetterthanhandmadeones.14.Whydoestheauthormentionwashipaper-makinginJapan？______A.Toprovetechnologysavesancientarts.

B.Toshowthepopularityofmodernpaper.

C.Toexplainhowtopassfamilyskillsdown.

D.Tostresstraditionalcraftsarefadingfast.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstechnologicalprogress？______A.Supportive B.Objective C.Worried D.Uncaring二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Gag

Gifts：Fun

and

Laughter

in

Gift-GivingGaggiftsarefunny，sillypresentsmeanttomakepeoplelaugh，notforserioususe.Theyaddjoytoholidays，birthdays，orsimplegiftexchanges.

WhatAreGagGifts？

Agaggiftisafunnyitemgivenforfun.It'susuallycheapandnotpractical，butitcreatesgreatmemories.Forexample，atoilet-shapedcup，atoythatmakesfunnynoises，ora"useless"tinytoolcanallbegreatgaggifts.

WhyChooseGagGifts？

Manypeoplegiveboringgiftslikesocksorgiftcards.

(16)

Bycomparison，gaggiftsstandoutandmakethemomentunforgettable.Theyshowyoucareaboutmakingtheotherpersonhappy，notjustspendingmoney.

HowtoPicktheRightGagGift？

First，thinkabouttheperson'ssenseofhumor.

(17)

Iftheylovesillyjokes，ajokecardsetisperfect.Iftheyenjoystrangethings，afish-shapedpencilcasemightmakethemlaughalot.Second，keepitlightandfriendly.

(18)

Neverchoosesomethingthatmighthurtorupsetsomeone.Thegoalistobringsmiles，nottrouble.Third，personalizeit.Agaggifttiedtoaninsidejokeisevenbetter.Itshowsyoushareaspecialconnection.

(19)

PopularGagGiftIdeasforTeens

*Anose-shapedpencilsharpener：Itlooksfunnyandworkswell.

*Apig-shapedpencilholder：asillywaytoholdpensandpencils.

*Cheesyjokecards：100funnyjokesforendlesslaughter.

(20)

It'sallaboutmakingpeoplelaughandfeelhappy.Nexttimeyouneedapresent，tryagaggiftandspreadjoy!

A.Makesureit'snotmeanorunkind.

B.Theyaretoocommonandnotexciting.

C.Gaggiftsturngift-givingintoafungame.

D.Differentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofhumor.

E.Theyareperfectforanyinformalgiftoccasion.

F.Youdon'tneedtospendtoomuchmoneyonthem.

G.Italsomakesthegiftpersonalandonlymeaningfulbetweenyoutwo.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。

Leolostbothhisarmsinaterribleaccidentatsix.Facedwiththeunexpecteddisaster，hefellintodeepsadnessand

(21)

tostepoutside.Hisparentsfelt

(22)

butneverlefthimbehind.Theyalwaysencouragedhimtocheerupandlearntoliveindependently.

Byaccident，hecaughtsightofdisabledswimmerscompetingonTV，which

(23)

himtopursueaprofessionalpathinswimming.Fromthenon，he

(24)

everyday，movingthroughwateronlywithlegs.Long-timehardworkbrought

(25)

andbodypain，buthenevergaveup.Graduallyhisskillsimprovedandheachieved

(26)

resultsinmanylocalmatches.

Oneday，anexpertswimmingcoachsawhis

(27)

andlearntabouthisstory.Deeplyimpressedbyhisstrong

(28)

，thecoachadvisedhimtojointhenationalParalympictrial（选拔赛）.Thebig

(29)

madehimexcitedyetuneasy.Hedoubtedifhewasableto

(30)

experiencedcompetitors.Hismothertoldhimtheexperience

(31)

farmorethanthefinalprize.

Afterthinkingtwice，Leo

(32)

thechallenge.Heputinextradailytrainingtoraisespeed.Oncompetitionday，hismother

(33)

him，cheeringhimatthescene.Hearingthestartingwhistle，hejumpedintothepoolandracedwithallhisstrength.Eventuallyhewonthegoldmedal.Attheawardceremony，hesaid，"Hardshipsarelife's

(34)

insteadofdisadvantages.Aslongasyou

(35)

yourdream，youwillreachyourtargetandliveatrulymeaningfullife."21.A.managed B.refused C.planned D.wished22.A.relaxed B.surprised C.heartbroken D.nervous23.A.forced B.required C.allowed D.inspired24.A.competed B.trained C.travelled D.studied25.A.tiredness B.wealth C.strength D.praise26.A.different B.poor C.excellent D.average27.A.trouble B.secret C.hobby D.performance28.A.will B.anxiety C.talent D.body29.A.mission B.chance C.mistake D.response30.A.beat B.follow C.meet D.replace31.A.cost B.changed C.mattered D.survived32.A.overcame B.accepted C.ignored D.avoided33.A.rescued B.congratulated C.protected D.accompanied34.A.tests B.enemies C.choices D.traps35.A.breakoff B.waitfor C.figureout D.stickto四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.China's

tourism

is

changing

from

sightseeing

to

experience-focused

trips，with

tourists

hunting

for

cultural

identity

and

emotional

connections.

Xunpu，（1）

tiny

village

in

Quanzhou，Fujian，is

a

typical

example.Covering

only

1.5

square

kilometers

with

fewer

than

8，000

（2）

（local），it

received

8.5

million

tourists

and

earned

over

1.8

billion

yuan

from

tourism

last

year.Its

hit

is

the

centuries-old

flower

headdress，a

local

women's

custom

（3）

（list）

as

China's

non-material

cultural

heritage

in

2008.After

staying

unknown

for

years，it

became

popular

online

in

2023，（4）

（draw）countless

young

girls

to

dress

up

and

take

photos

here.

As

stated

in

the

Green

Book

of

China's

Tourism，tourists

value

the

emotional

power

behind

the

headdress

instead

of

just

fun.It

stands

（5）

people's

admiration

of

beauty

and

traditional

culture.

China's

15th

Five-Year

Plan（2026—2030）aims

to

turn

China

into

a

top

tourism

country.Tourists

at

home

and

abroad

do

not

（6）

（simple）

visit

landmark

spots

like

the

Great

Wall

or

the

Forbidden

City.Instead，daily

local

experiences

（7）

（choose）

by

more

tourists：wandering

street

markets，tasting

snacks

or

trying

local

handicrafts.

Now

travel

from

abroad

works

as

a

key

platform

for

cultural

exchange，（8）

allows

foreigners

to

see

real

China.Modern

tourism

helps

enrich

people's

lives

and

connect

different

cultures.Tourism

is

developing

fast

in

China

these

years，and

its

influence

（9）

（become）widely

accepted

so

far.People

believe

it

is

of

great

（10）

（important）

for

cross-cultural

communication.五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.假定你是李华，你所在班级本周日组织郊外徒步活动，请你写一封邮件邀请新来的英国交换生

Henry一同参加，内容包括：

（1）集合时间、地点；

（2）活动内容。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear

Henry，

______Yours，

Li

Hua38.

Itwas1a.m.onChristmasmorning，butforCarla，itwasstillChristmasEve.Likemanyotherparents，shehadholidaymagictomake.Her8-year-olddaughterLilyhadwantednothingbutafull-sizepianokeyboardsetforChristmas.

CarlahadsecretlyorderedthegiftLilylongedforonline.Busywithwork，shehadnotimetounpacktheboxwhenitarrived，soshehiditsomewheresafe.WithLilysoundasleepnow，Carlaquietlytookitout，planningtosetupthestandandbench（凳子）andputthekeyboardinplace.However，openingthebox，shewasshockedtofindonlythestandandbenchinside—nokeyboard.Itsuddenlyhitherthatthekeyboardwassoldseparately，adetailshehadcompletelymissedwhenrushingtoplacetheorder.

SadnesswashedoverCarla.ShestillrememberedherownChristmasjoyofreceivingaguitaratLily'sage，ahappymemorythathadstayedwithherfordecades.ShecouldhardlybeartothinkhowdisappointedLilywouldbewithoutthekeyboard.

Theremustbeasolution，shethought.Shehopedanonlineshopcoulddeliverakeyboardbymorning，orshemightfindanopenstorenearby.Yetbothofherattemptsfailed.Withafainthopeleft，shepostedherprobleminalocalFacebookgroup.

TomBrown，wholivedfivemilesaway，spottedCarla'spost.Herecalledthefull-sizekeyboardhe'dboughtforhisdaughterMolly.Nowacollegestudent，sheseldomusedit.Nearlynewandingreatcondition，itwasperfectforayoungbeginnerlikeLily.

TomwalkeddownthehallwaytocheckonMolly，whowashomefortheChristmasbreakandstillawake.Afterhetoldherwhatwasgoingon，Mollydidnothesitatetoofferhelp，willingtogiveawaytheunusedkeyboardtolightupastranger'sjoy.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

TomquicklymessagedCarla，offeringtosendherthesparekeyboard.______

Tomreplied，"Nopaymentneeded.JustaphotoofhappyLilyonChristmasmorning."______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、B【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第二段的Ithonorsgreatcreativeworksandbringsyoungtalentstogethertosharetheirpoemsonabiginternationalstage.（该赛事表彰优秀的创意作品，汇聚青年才俊，让他们在广阔的国际舞台上分享自己的诗歌。）可知，举办这场比赛的目的是激发创作力、发掘青年人才。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的Afterfinalistsarechosen，peoplecanvoteonline，andthefinalwinnerswillbedecidedbythecompetition'sexpertteam.（选出决赛选手后，人们可以进行线上投票，而最终获胜者将由赛事专家团队评定。）可知，最终的获胜者由专家组选出。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据Prizes部分的TheirpoemsprintedintheYoungPoetsStar2026Book（他们的诗歌将被收录进《2026青年诗人之星》作品集出版）可知，获胜者可以获得诗歌出版的奖励，即作品得以公开发表。故选B。

本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了2026年青年诗人之星比赛现已开放报名，面向全球12-18岁青少年，设有自然、友谊等六个主题类别，每位参赛者可提交多首诗歌，评选标准注重写作技巧与创意，获奖者将获得诗集、礼品卡等奖励，报名免费，截止日期为2026年7月30日。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】A、D、B、A【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第二段的thatusesstrongmedicinetoattackcancercells.Shedescribesthetreatmentasreallypainful，leavingherfeelingtiredandbreathless.（这种疗法使用强效药物攻击癌细胞，她称治疗过程十分痛苦，让她感到疲惫不堪、气喘吁吁。）可知，化疗是一种强度大、过程难熬的治疗方式；harsh意为"严酷的，艰难的"，与tough含义相近。A.Tough严酷的，艰难的；B.Quick快的；C.Final最后的；D.Basic基础的。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的Kirstywasinspiredtoraisefundsafterlearninghowlittlesupportwenttochildhoodbraintumorresearch.（柯斯蒂在了解到儿童脑肿瘤研究获得的资助少之又少后，萌生了筹款的想法。）可知，针对该疾病的研究资金不足，促使柯斯蒂发起了筹款活动。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段的creatingaglobalcommunityofkindness.Morethan11，000peoplehaveofferedsupport...Thewebsitehasattractedattentionfromaroundtheworld（构建起一个传递善意的全球社群。已有超过1.1万人提供支持，该网站已经吸引了来自世界各地的关注）可知，柯斯蒂今年的筹款活动得到了全球各地人们的支持。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据全文内容，柯斯蒂强忍化疗的痛苦坚持治疗，同时主动为儿童脑肿瘤研究筹款、帮助其他患者，可知她既拥有顽强的意志，又心怀善意、乐于助人。strong-willedandcaring（意志坚定且充满爱心）最能概括她的品质。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了英国女子Kirsty因脑瘤接受化疗，尽管过程痛苦，她仍积极为儿童脑瘤研究筹款。她去年手工制作装饰品募集超12万英镑，今年更创建网站号召全球同名者参与，已筹集8万余英镑。她用自身经历鼓励人们：只要下定决心，就能走得更远。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。8~11.【答案】D、B、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中Thisseriouspollutionledtocitizenaction：singerPeteSeegerfoundedadvocacy（拥护）groupHudsonRiverSloopClearwaterin1966，andlocalfishermenunitedthesameyeartofightpolluterswithan1888federallaw.Thefishermen'ssuccessresultedintheHudsonRiverFishermen'sAssociation，renamedRiverkeeperin1986.（严峻的污染问题促使市民自发行动起来：歌手皮特・西格在1966年创立环保倡导组织"哈德逊河清水帆船会"；同年，当地渔民联合起来，依据1888年的联邦法律与排污企业抗争。渔民们维权成功后成立了哈德逊河渔民协会，该协会在1986年更名为"河流守护者"。）可知，渔民成立协会是为了对抗水污染。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Theselawsbanned（禁止）pollutionofUSwatersandofferedriverkeepersrewards（奖金）forreportingpeoplewhobrokethelaws.ThemoneyhelpedRiverkeeperbuypatrol（巡逻）boatsandhirestaff，makingtheHudsonaglobalecosystemmodel.（这些法律禁止污染美国水域，并为举报违法排污者的河流守护者提供奖金。这笔资金帮助河流守护者购置巡逻船、雇佣工作人员，让哈德逊河成为全球生态样板。）可知，举报非法排污者获得的奖金助力早期河流守护者取得巨大成就。故选B。

（3）段落大意题。根据倒数第二段Modernriverkeepersprotectwaterwaysthroughmonitoring，pollutiontesting，andproblem-solving.TheHudsonRiverkeeperpatrols6，000seamilesyearly，testingwaterqualityat74sites.TheyeducateunawarepollutersandtakelegalactionagainstseriousbreaksoftheCleanWaterAct.（现代河流守护者通过水质监测、污染检测、实地治理等方式守护水道。哈德逊河守护者每年巡逻6000海里，在74个点位检测水质。他们劝导不知情的排污者，对严重违反《清洁水法案》的行为采取法律手段维权。）可知，整段介绍了当代河流守护者开展工作的各类方式。故选A。

（4）标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中Let'sexploretheriverkeepermovementanditslessonsforcitizen-ledenvironmentalefforts.（让我们来探究河流守护者运动及其给公民主导环保行动带来的启示。）"可知，全文围绕河流守护者运动展开，讲述其发展历程、工作模式与价值。所以D.TheRiverkeeperMovementandItsImportance（护河运动及其重要性），作为题目最合适。故选D。

这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国河流守护者运动的起源、发展及其重要性。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。12~15.【答案】D、C、D、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Thisgreatchangeshowsanimportanttruth：technologicalprogressoftenreplacestraditionwithoutthinkingaboutwhatwelose.ThisisthemaintopicofculturalhistorianDavidPye'sbookTheNatureandArtofWorkmanship.（这一巨大变化揭示一个重要事实：技术进步常常取代传统，忽视我们失去的东西，这也是大卫・派伊著作的核心话题。）可知，第一段通过手工技艺被机器量产取代的历史背景，引出科技与传统的文章主题，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Machine-madeproductsareallthesameandeasytouse，buttheyhavenospecialstyleoremotionalmeaning.Forexample，achairmadebyaskilledcraftsmanholdshisyearsofexperience，localcultureanduniquecharacteristicsthatmachinescannotcopy.（机器制品千篇一律，没有独特风格与情感内涵；手工艺品承载机器无法复刻的阅历、地域文化与独特特质。）可知，大卫・派伊认为量产产品缺少独特性与人情味，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段YetmanyoldcraftsaredisappearingshturlJapan，theancientartofmakingwashipaperhasahistoryofover1，000years，buttodayonlyafewpeoplestillpracticeit.（如今许多传统手艺正在消失，日本拥有千年历史的和纸制作如今从业者寥寥无几。）可知，作者举日本和纸的例子是为强调传统技艺正在快速消亡，故选D。

（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Somepeoplesaytechnologycanhelptraditionalcraftsdevelop，andthisistrueinsomecases.Butsuchprogressoftenlosestherealmeaningofthosecrafts.Theauthorsuggestsweshouldacceptnewtechnologywhilevaluingprecioustraditions（科技在某些方面能助力传统手艺，但也会丢失手艺内核；我们应当接纳新技术同时珍视传统）。作者既承认科技优势，也指出其弊端，态度客观中立，故选B。

短文主要探讨了技术进步与传统手工艺之间的冲突。作者指出，机器大生产虽然带来效率和便利，却使承载文化记忆和情感价值的手工艺逐渐消亡。传统技艺的流失不仅削弱了民族文化的传承，也使人失去了手工劳动带来的成就感。最后，作者呼吁在拥抱新技术的同时，也应珍视和保护珍贵的传统工艺。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。16~20.【答案】B、D、A、G、C【解析】（1）语境衔接题。由上文Manypeoplegiveboringgiftslikesocksorgiftcards.（很多人都会送袜子、礼品卡这类乏味的礼物。）及下文Bycomparison，gaggiftsstandoutandmakethemomentunforgettable.（相比之下，搞笑礼物十分与众不同，能让这一刻令人难忘。）可知，上文提到普通礼物很无趣，空格要说明这类礼物的缺点，和后文搞笑礼物形成对比。B选项"它们太过普通，毫无新意。"承上启下，符合语境。故选B。

（2）语境衔接题。由上文First，thinkabouttheperson'ssenseofhumor.（首先，要考虑对方的幽默感。）及下文Iftheylovesillyjokes，ajokecardsetisperfect.Iftheyenjoystrangethings，afish-shapedpencilcasemightmakethemlaughalot.（如果对方喜欢无厘头笑话，一套笑话卡片就很合适；如果他们偏爱新奇古怪的东西，鱼形笔袋会让他们开怀大笑。）可知，上文提到要考虑对方的幽默感，下文区分了不同人的喜好，空格总述每个人喜欢的幽默类型不同。D选项"不同的人喜欢不同类型的幽默。"承上启下，符合语境。故选D。

（3）语境衔接题。由上文Second，keepitlightandfriendly.（第二，礼物要轻松友善。）及下文Neverchoosesomethingthatmighthurtorupsetsomeone.（绝对不要选会伤害、惹恼他人的东西。）可知，上文提到礼物要轻松友善，下文强调不要选会伤害、惹恼他人的东西，空格处应说明礼物不能刻薄伤人。A选项"确保礼物不刻薄、不伤人。"承上启下，符合语境。故选A。

（4）联系上文题。由上文Agaggifttiedtoaninsidejokeisevenbetter.Itshowsyoushareaspecialconnection.（和两人专属玩笑相关的搞笑礼物效果更佳，它能体现你们之间独特的默契。）可知，空格继续说明专属玩笑礼物的好处。G选项"这也让礼物充满专属感，只在你们二人之间有特殊意义。"承接上文，递进说明个性化礼物的优势，符合语境。故选G。

（5）段落主旨题。由下文It'sallaboutmakingpeoplelaughandfeelhappy.（搞笑礼物的核心就是逗人发笑、传递快乐。）可知，空格应总起本段，总结搞笑礼物带来的效果。C选项"搞笑礼物把送礼变成一场有趣的游戏。"引出后文对搞笑礼物核心意义的总结，符合语境。故选C。

这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了搞笑礼物的定义、优势、挑选方法以及适合青少年的搞笑礼物清单。

关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。21~35.【答案】B、C、D、B、A、C、D、A、B、A、C、B、D、A、D【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.managed设法完成；B.refused拒绝；C.planned计划；D.wished希望。句意：面对这场突如其来的灾难，他陷入深深的悲伤，拒绝迈出脚步。根据上文Leolostbothhisarmsinaterribleaccidentatsix.Facedwiththeunexpecteddisaster，hefellintodeepsadness可知Leo陷入悲伤，拒绝迈步。故选B。

（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed放松的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.heartbroken心碎的；D.nervous紧张的。句意：他的父感到心碎，却从未抛弃他。根据上文Leolostbothhisarmsinaterribleaccidentatsix.Facedwiththeunexpecteddisaster，hefellintodeepsadnessand（1）tostepoutside.可知孩子遭遇不幸，父母感到心碎。故选C。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.forced强迫；B.required要求；C.allowed允许；D.inspired激励。句意：一次偶然，他在电视上看到残疾游泳运动员比赛，这激励他开启职业游泳生涯。根据上文Byaccident，hecaughtsightofdisabledswimmerscompetingonTV，可知电视上的运动员激励了他。故选D。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.competed比赛；B.trained训练；C.travelled旅行；D.studied学习。句意：从那以后，他每天坚持训练，只用双腿在水中游动。根据下文movingthroughwateronlywithlegs.可知Leo开启游泳生涯后，他每日训练。故选B。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.tiredness疲惫；B.wealth财富；C.strength力量；D.praise赞扬。句意：长期艰苦的磨炼带来了疲惫和疼痛，可他从未放弃。根据上文Long-timehardwork可知长期刻苦锻炼，带来了疲惫。故选A。

（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.different不同的；B.poor糟糕的；C.excellent优异的；D.average普通的。句意：渐渐地，他的技能得到提升，并且在多项赛事中取得了优异成绩。根据上文Graduallyhisskillsimproved可知技能提升，取得优异成绩。故选C。

（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.trouble麻烦；B.secret秘密；C.hobby爱好；D.performance表现。句意：一天，一位资深游泳教练看到了他的表现，并了解了他的经历。根据上文Graduallyhisskillsimprovedandheachieved（6）resultsinmanylocalmatches.可知教练看见了他的比赛表现。故选D。

（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.will意志；B.anxiety焦虑；C.talent天赋；D.body身体。句意：教练被他强大的意志深深打动，于是建议他参加全国残疾人选拔赛。根据上文anexpertswimmingcoachsawhis（7）andlearntabouthisstory.可知教练被他强大的意志深深打动。故选A。

（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.mission任务；B.chance机会；C.mistake错误；D.response回应。句意：这次重大机会让他既兴奋又不安。根据