英语语态综合试题及答案解析

英语语态综合试题及答案解析考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、单项选择1.Themeeting______byProfessorLeeat9a.m.tomorrow.A.willbeheldB.isholdingC.isheldD.hasbeenheld2.Muchattention______toprotectingtheenvironmentinrecentyears.A.isbeingpaidB.hasbeenpaidC.paysD.haspaid3.Myhouse______whenIwasonvacation.A.wasbrokenintoB.brokeintoC.isbrokenintoD.wasbreakinginto4.______afamouswriter,shedoesn'tseemtocareaboutherreputation.A.AlthoughbeingB.AlthoughsheisC.BeingD.Thoughsheis5.Thisbook______lastyearbyayoungwomanfromShanghai.A.waswrittenB.hasbeenwrittenC.iswrittenD.waswriting6.Thedecision______bythecommitteelastnight.A.madeB.wasmakingC.hasmadeD.wasmade7.Nothing______inthisvillagethreeyearsago.A.hashappenedB.happenedC.happensD.washappening8.Englishis______inmanycountriesaroundtheworld.A.speakB.spokenC.speaksD.speaks9.Thewindow______whenIwentoutthismorning.A.brokeB.hadbrokenC.breaksD.wasbroken10.______bythebeautifulscenery,weforgotthetime.A.SeeingB.SeenC.ToseeD.Seeingthat11.Theexperiment______carefullynextweek.A.istobedoneB.willdoC.isdoingD.willbedoing12.Effectivemeasures______toreducepollutioninthiscity.A.aretakenB.havetakenC.havebeentakenD.take13.Hiscar______andhehadtowalkhome.A.wasstolenB.stoleC.isstolenD.hasstolen14.Thebook______bymybrotherisveryinteresting.A.wroteB.writingC.writtenD.towrite15.Bythetimetheyarrived,thetrain______.A.hadalreadyleftB.alreadyhadleftC.hadbeenleavingD.hasleft二、动词填空1.Theletter______bymysisteryesterdayevening.______she______finishedherhomework.______thedoor______whenshewentout.2.Thisnovel______in1995byafamousauthor.It______translatedintoseverallanguagessofar.3.Myhousekey______bythecleaningladywhileI______outshoppinglastSaturday.I______lockedoutfortwohours.4.Importantdecisions______bythecommitteemembersatthemeeting.They______not______anyconsensus.5.Nothing______inthisareasincethenewfactory______therefiveyearsago.______people______interestedinmovinghere.三、改错1.ThebookwaswrittenbyaBritishwriterin1900.Itpublishuntilthe1920sthatitbecamefamous.2.Becausehewasinjuredintheaccident,hiscarwasdamagedseriously.Hewasunabletodriveitforamonth.3.Mybikewasstolenfromoutsidetheshopyesterday.IwasveryunhappywhenIfounditmissing.4.Muchtimewasspentoncleaningtheclassroombeforetheinspection.Allthestudentstookpartinit.5.Thenewrulesarenotunderstoodbymanyemployeesinthecompany.Theyneedmoreexplanation.四、句子转换1.Active:Theworkersbuiltthebridgein2005.Passive:Thebridge______bytheworkersin2005.2.Active:Someonehasalreadyeatenthecake.Passive:Thecake____________.3.Active:WewillfinishtheprojectbyFriday.Passive:Theproject______byFriday.4.Active:Theteacherexplainedthedifficultgrammarruletous.Passive:We____________bytheteacher.5.Active:Hiscarwasdamagedintheaccident.Passive:Theaccident______hiscar.五、多项选择1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesusesthepassivevoice?A.Thedogchasedtheball.B.Theballwaschasedbythedog.C.Sheisreadingabook.D.Hegoestoschooleveryday.2.Whatisthecorrectpassiveformofthesentence"Theybuiltthishouse"usingthesimplepasttense?A.Thishousebuiltbythem.B.Thishousewasbuiltbythem.C.Thishousehasbeenbuiltbythem.D.Thishousewerebuiltbythem.3.Whereisthepassivevoiceoftenused?A.Whentheactorisunknownorunimportant.B.Whenwewanttoemphasizetheactor.C.Ininformalconversations.D.Whentheactionhappensbeforethepresent.4.Whichsentenceiscorrect?A.Theletterwrittenbyhimisonthetable.B.Theletterwaswrittenbyhimisonthetable.C.Theletterwhichwaswrittenbyhimisonthetable.D.Theletterwrittenbyhimwereonthetable.5.Whatdoesthesentence"ThebookwasreadbyJohn"mean?A.Johnreadthebooktosomeoneelse.B.Johntriedtoreadthebookbutfailed.C.Johnperformedtheactionofreadingthebook.D.SomeoneelsereadthebookthatbelongedtoJohn.六、完成句子1.______bythepolice,thethiefwasquicklycaught.2.Thereport______tomorrowmorning.3.Mybike______lastnight,butIdon'tknowwhodidit.4.______inEnglish,thefilmbecameverypopularworldwide.5.Thewindow______whenIwokeupthismorning.试卷答案一、单项选择1.A2.A3.A4.C5.A6.D7.B8.B9.D10.B11.A12.C13.A14.C15.A解析思路1.预测未来某个时间点将发生的动作，且主语是动作的承受者，用一般将来时的被动语态。willbeheld。2.考察一般现在时的被动语态，表示经常性、普遍性的动作，主语是动作的承受者。isbeingpaid。3.考察一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，主语是动作的承受者。wasbrokeninto。4.考察独立主格结构作状语，表示原因。Beingafamouswriter是主语she的同位语，说明原因。5.考察一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，主语是动作的承受者。waswritten。6.考察一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，主语是动作的承受者。wasmade。7.考察现在完成时的被动语态，表示从过去到现在的动作或状态，且主语是动作的承受者。hashappened。8.考察一般现在时的被动语态，表示普遍事实，主语是动作的承受者。isspoken。9.考察一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，主语是动作的承受者。wasbroken。10.考察过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。Seenbythebeautifulscenery是主句的逻辑主语（隐含的we）承受的动作。11.考察一般现在时的被动语态，表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。istobedone。12.考察现在完成时的被动语态，表示动作发生在过去，但与现在有关，且主语是动作的承受者。havebeentaken。13.考察一般过去时的被动语态，表示过去某个时间点发生的动作，主语是动作的承受者。wasstolen。14.考察过去分词作定语，修饰thebook。writtenbymybrother是主语thebook的后置定语。15.考察过去完成时的被动语态，表示在过去的某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。hadalreadyleft。二、动词填空1.waswritten,had,was,wasbroken2.waswritten,has3.wasstolen,was,was4.aremade,havenotreached5.hasn'thappened,hasn't,are解析思路1.第一空：句子的主语是Theletter，是动作的承受者，用一般过去时的被动语态，waswritten。第二空：时间状语是yesterdayevening（过去时间），用过去完成时，hadfinished。第三空：时间状语是whenshewentout（过去时间），用一般过去时，was。第四空：时间状语是yesterdayevening（过去时间），用一般过去时，wasbroken。2.第一空：句子的主语是Thisnovel，是动作的承受者，用一般过去时的被动语态，waswritten。第二空：时间状语是sofar（到现在），用现在完成时，hasbeentranslated。3.第一空：时间状语是lastSaturday（过去时间），用一般过去时的被动语态，wasstolen。第二空：时间状语是whileI______out（过去时间），用一般过去时，was。第三空：描述过去的状态，用一般过去时，was。4.第一空：句子的主语是Importantdecisions，是动作的承受者，用一般现在时的被动语态，aremade。第二空：时间状语是atthemeeting（现在时间），用一般现在时，havenotreached。5.第一空：时间状语是sincefiveyearsago（从过去到现在），用现在完成时，hasn'thappened。第二空：主语是people，是动作的承受者，用现在完成时的被动语态，hasn'tbeeninterested。第三空：描述普遍情况，用一般现在时，are。三、改错1.publish->waspublished解析：ThebookwaswrittenbyaBritishwriterin1900.Itpublishuntilthe1920sthatitbecamefamous.句子主语是It（指代Thebook），是动作的承受者，应该使用被动语态。publish改为waspublished。2.没有错误解析：Becausehewasinjuredintheaccident,hiscarwasdamagedseriously.Hewasunabletodriveitforamonth.第一句主语是hiscar，是动作的承受者，使用被动语态正确。第二句主语是He，是动作的执行者，使用主动语态正确。3.没有错误解析：Mybikewasstolenfromoutsidetheshopyesterday.IwasveryunhappywhenIfounditmissing.第一句主语是Mybike，是动作的承受者，使用被动语态正确。第二句主语是I，是动作的执行者，使用主动语态正确。4.没有错误解析：Muchtimewasspentoncleaningtheclassroombeforetheinspection.Allthestudentstookpartinit.第一句主语是Muchtime，是动作的承受者，使用被动语态正确。第二句主语是Allthestudents，是动作的执行者，使用主动语态正确。5.arenotunderstood->isnotunderstood解析：Thenewrulesarenotunderstoodbymanyemployeesinthecompany.Theyneedmoreexplanation.句子主语是Thenewrules，是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。arenotunderstood改为isnotunderstood。四、句子转换1.wasbuilt解析：Active:Theworkersbuiltthebridgein2005.Passive:Thebridge______bytheworkersin2005.将主动句转换成被动句，主语Theworkers变成by介词的宾语，动词build变成过去分词built，时态保持一般过去时。2.hasbeeneaten解析：Active:Someonehasalreadyeatenthecake.Passive:Thecake____________.将主动句转换成被动句，主语Someone变成by介词的宾语（someone可以省略），动词eat变成过去分词eaten，时态保持现在完成时。3.willbefinished解析：Active:WewillfinishtheprojectbyFriday.Passive:Theproject______byFriday.将主动句转换成被动句，主语We变成by介词的宾语，动词finish变成过去分词finished，时态保持一般将来时。4.wereexplainedto解析：Active:Theteacherexplainedthedifficultgrammarruletous.Passive:We____________bytheteacher.将主动句转换成被动句，主语Theteacher变成by介词的宾语，动词explain变成过去分词explained，宾语us变成by介词的宾语，时态保持一般过去时。5.damaged解析：Active:Hiscarwasdamagedintheaccident.Passive:Theaccident______hiscar.将主动句转换成被动句，主语Hiscar变成by介词的宾语，动词damage变成过去分词damaged，时态保持一般过去时。（也可以理解为Theaccidentdamagedhiscar.的被动形式是Hiscarwasdamagedbytheaccident.题目要求填空，填动词原形或过去分词均可，此处填过去分词更符合常规被动语态形式。）五、多项选择1.B2.B3.A4.C5.C解析思路1.A.Thedogchasedtheball.主语是Thedog，是动作的执行者，是主动语态。B.Theballwaschasedbythedog.主语是Theball，是动作的承受者，是被动语态。C.Sheisreadingabook.主语是She，是动作的执行者，是主动语态。D.Hegoestoschooleveryday.主语是He，是动作的执行者，是主动语态。故选B。2.句子主语是Thishouse，是动作的承受者，应该用被动语态。A.Thishousebuiltbythem.缺少be动词。B.Thishousewasbuiltbythem.主语Thishouse是单数，be动词用was，动词build用过去分词built，结构正确。C.Thishousehasbeenbuiltbythem.时态为现在完成时，与simplepasttense（一般过去时）不符。D.Thishousewerebuiltbythem.主语Thishouse是单数，be动词应用was，而非were。故选B。3.A.当动作的执行者未知、不重要或不需要提及时，常使用被动语态。例如：Thewindowwasbroken.窗户被打破了。（执行者未知）B.当强调动作的执行者时，使用主动语态。例如：Theengineersbuiltthisbridge.工程师们建了这座桥。C.在非正式场合，如日常对话中，主动语态更常用。D.被动语态通常表示动作已完成或正在进行，不一定强调与现在的联系，虽然现在完成时可以与被动语态连用。故选A。4.A.Theletterwrittenbyhimisonthetable.定语从句省略了that/which，修饰Theletter，表示“他写的信”，正确。B.Theletterwaswrittenbyhimisonthetable.语法结构错误，waswrittenbyhim是过去分词短语作后置定语，不能直接作表语且与系动词is连用。C.Thelet