2026年陕西省高一英语上册第10单元语法专项练习题

2026年陕西省高一英语上册第10单元语法专项练习题一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewgrammarruleinUnit10requiresstudentstodistinguishbetween"lie"and"lay"correctly.Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"lie"?A.Thecatlayonthesofaalldayyesterday.B.Pleaselaythebookonthetable.C.Helayhisheadonhershoulder.D.Shelaidtheblanketoverthebed.解析：选项A正确使用了"lie"（躺下，不及物动词），表示猫昨天整天躺在沙发上。选项B和D错误使用了"lay"（放置，及物动词），应为"laythebook"和"laidtheblanket"。选项C中的"lay"也错误，应为"liehishead"。该题考查第10单元重点语法——"lie/lay"的区分，及物动词与不及物动词的用法区别，干扰项通过常见动词搭配错误迷惑考生。2.InUnit10,studentslearntoformthepassivevoicewith"be"+pastparticiple.Whichsentenceisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Thebookwasreadbyhimlastnight.B.Hishomeworkwasdidbyhertoday.C.Thewindowwasbrokenbythewind.D.Theywerelaughedatbytheaudience.解析：选项A和C正确使用了被动语态，"beread"和"bebroken"符合规则。选项B错误，被动语态中动词用原形"wasdone"而非"wasdid"。选项D中的"laughedat"是固定搭配，但主语"they"应为单数"he"或"she"以匹配被动语态，且"bytheaudience"多余。该题考查被动语态的构成及常见错误，干扰项通过动词变形和搭配错误设计。3.Unit10introducestheuseof"usedto"and"beusedtodoing".Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesapasthabit?A.Heisusedtoswimmingeverymorning.B.Sheusedtosmoketwopacksofcigarettesaday.C.Theywereusedtoworkhardinthepast.D.Mybrotherusedtobeinglazywhenhewasyoung.解析：选项B正确使用了"usedto"表示过去习惯，"smoke"为动词原形。选项A错误，"beusedtodoing"表示习惯于某事，应为"usedtoswim"。选项C错误，"beusedtowork"结构错误，应为"usedtoworking"。选项D错误，"usedtobeing"用法不当，应为"usedtobelazy"。该题考查固定搭配的区分，干扰项通过结构变形和搭配错误迷惑。4.InUnit10,studentspracticethestructure"too...to...".Whichsentenceisanexampleofthisrule?A.Itistoocoldtogooutsidenow.B.Sheistootiredtosleepearly.C.Theproblemistoodifficulttosolvequickly.D.Herunstoofasttocatchthebus.解析：选项A、B、C、D均正确使用了"too...to..."结构，表示"太...以至于不能..."。该题考查固定句型，干扰项通过语义合理性设计，但均符合语法规则。实际考试中可增加一个错误选项（如"too...so..."混用）以增加难度。5.Unit10emphasizesthedifferencebetween"few"and"afew".Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"few"?A.Afewstudentsattendedthemeetingyesterday.B.Therearefewpeoplewhosupportthisidea.C.Fewticketswereleftfortheconcert.D.Shehasafewminutestofinishthetask.解析：选项C正确使用了"few"（很少，否定意义），表示票很少。选项A、D错误，"afew"表示少量（肯定意义）。选项B错误，"therearefew"用法不当，应为"therearenotmany"。该题考查限定词的语义区分，干扰项通过"therebe"句型错误迷惑。6.InUnit10,studentslearntouse"so...that..."toexpressresults.Whichsentenceisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.B.Sherunssofastthatshecancatchthetraineasily.C.Theexamwassodifficultthatnobodypassedit.D.Theyarrivedsolatethatthepartyhadalreadystarted.解析：选项A、B、C、D均正确使用了结果状语从句，"so...that..."结构完整。该题考查固定句型，干扰项通过语义合理性设计，但均符合语法规则。实际考试中可增加一个错误选项（如"so...because..."混用）以增加难度。7.Unit10introducestheuseof"such...that...".Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"such"?A.Suchabeautifulflowerwasbloominginthegarden.B.Sheissuchkindthateveryonelikesher.C.Thenoisewassuchloudthatwecouldn’thearthemusic.D.Hehassuchmanybooksthatheneedsanewshelf.解析：选项A正确，"sucha+adj.+可数名词单数"。选项C正确，"such+adj.+不可数名词"。选项D错误，应为"such+many+可数名词复数"。选项B错误，"suchkind"搭配不当，应为"suchakindperson"。该题考查"such...that..."与"so...that..."的区分，干扰项通过搭配错误设计。8.InUnit10,studentspracticethestructure"notonly...butalso...".Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthispattern?A.NotonlyhebutalsosheisinterestedinEnglish.B.Notonlydidshefinishherhomeworkbutalsoshewenttotheparty.C.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherweresurprisedbytheresult.D.Notonlywasthemovieinterestingbutalsoitwasboring.解析：选项C正确，"notonly...butalso..."连接主语时，助动词需提前。选项A错误，主语应为"heandshe"。选项B错误，"didshe"结构错误，应为"shefinished"。选项D错误，"interesting"和"boring"语义矛盾。该题考查并列连词的用法，干扰项通过主谓一致和语义矛盾设计。9.Unit10explainstheuseof"either...or..."and"neither...nor...".Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"either...or..."?A.Eithersheortheywillattendthemeetingtomorrow.B.Eitherthestudentsortheteacherisresponsiblefortheproject.C.Eitherdidheorhisbrotheragreewiththeplan.D.EitheryouorIamgoingtothelibrarynextweek.解析：选项D正确，谓语动词与最近的主语一致（"Iam"）。选项A错误，"sheorthey"需用"willattend"。选项B错误，"thestudentsortheteacher"需用"is"。选项C错误，"didhe"结构错误，应为"heagreed"。该题考查并列连词的谓语一致规则，干扰项通过主谓一致错误设计。10.InUnit10,studentslearntouse"asif"and"asthough".Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"asif"?A.Hetalksasifhekneweverything.B.Shelookedasthoughsheweretired.C.Theyactedasiftheywererich.D.Thechildbehavedasthoughhewasaadult.解析：选项A、C正确，"asif/though"引导方式状语从句，虚拟语气用过去式或were。选项B错误，"asthough"后用过去式或were，但"weretired"更自然。选项D错误，"asthough"后用过去式或were，"wasaadult"语法错误，应为"wereanadult"。该题考查虚拟语气的用法，干扰项通过时态和搭配错误设计。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theoldmansatbythewindow,______(lie)quietly.答案lying解析：句子缺动词，"lie"为不及物动词，此处用现在分词"lying"作伴随状语，表示"躺着"的状态。2.Thebook______(write)byafamousauthorlastyear.答案waswritten解析：句子缺谓语，"write"为及物动词，此处用被动语态"waswritten"表示被动关系。3.She______(notuse)togettingupearly,butnowshehasto.答案wasnotused解析：句子缺谓语，"useto"表示过去习惯，此处用被动语态"wasnotused"表示过去不习惯。4.Itis______(toodifficult)formetosolvethisproblem.答案toodifficult解析：句子缺表语，"too...to..."结构表示"太...不能..."，此处填"toodifficult"作表语。5.Thereare______(few)peoplewhowanttojointheclub.答案few解析：句子缺限定词，"few"表示否定意义（很少），修饰可数名词复数"people"。6.Hearrived______(solate)thathemissedthetrain.答案solate解析：句子缺表语，"so...that..."结构表示"太...以至于..."，此处填"solate"作表语。7.Notonly______(he)butalsohisfriendswillattendtheconcert.答案he解析：句子缺主语，"notonly...butalso..."连接主语时，助动词需提前，此处填"he"作主语。8.Youcaneither______(go)homenoworwaitforme.答案go解析：句子缺谓语，"either...or..."结构中谓语动词与最近的主语一致，此处填"go"与"wait"并列。9.Shelooksasifshe______(be)tenyearsyounger.答案were解析：句子缺谓语，"asif/though"引导方式状语从句，虚拟语气用过去式"were"。10.Thenoisewas______(tooloud)forustohearthemusicclearly.答案tooloud解析：句子缺表语，"too...to..."结构表示"太...不能..."，此处填"tooloud"作表语。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."Lie"isatransitiveverb,and"lay"isanintransitiveverb.(×)解析：错误。"Lie"为不及物动词，"lay"为及物动词，与"lie"同形异义易混淆。2.Thepassivevoiceisformedwith"be"+pastparticiple.(√)解析：正确，被动语态的基本结构为"be+过去分词"，如"waswritten"。3."Usedto"canbeusedtoexpresspresenthabits.(×)解析：错误，"usedto"表示过去习惯，现在时态用"beusedtodoing"。4."Too...to..."meansthesameas"so...that...".(×)解析：错误，"too...to..."表示"太...不能..."，"so...that..."表示"太...以至于..."，结构不同。5."Few"means"alittle"andisusedwithuncountablenouns.(×)解析：错误，"few"表示否定意义（很少），修饰可数名词复数；"alittle"表示肯定意义（少量），修饰不可数名词。6."Notonly...butalso..."connectstwosubjects,andtheverbagreeswiththesubjectclosesttoit.(√)解析：正确，如"Notonlyhebutalsosheishere"，谓语与"she"一致。7."Either...or..."and"neither...nor..."havethesamegrammaticaleffect.(×)解析：错误，"either...or..."连接两个主语时，谓语与最近的主语一致；"neither...nor..."则与最远的主语一致。8."Asif"and"asthough"areinterchangeable.(√)解析：正确，两者意思相同，均可引导方式状语从句，虚拟语气用过去式或were。9."Beusedtodoing"means"usedtodo".(×)解析：错误，"beusedtodoing"表示"习惯于做某事"，"usedtodo"表示"过去习惯做某事"。10.Thepastparticipleof"lie"is"lay".(×)解析：错误，"lie"的过去式和过去分词均为"lay"，易与及物动词"lay"（放置）混淆。四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"lie"and"lay"inyourownwords.参考答案："Lie"isanintransitiveverbmeaning"torecline"(e.g.,"Thecatliesonthesofa")."Lay"isatransitiveverbmeaning"toputorplace"(e.g.,"Shelaysthebookonthetable").Theconfusionoftenarisesbecausetheyarehomophones,buttheirgrammaticalfunctionsaredifferent.2.HowdoyouformthepassivevoiceinEnglish?Giveanexample.参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisformedwith"be"+pastparticiple.Forexample,active:"Theteachergavethebooktothestudent."→passive:"Thebookwasgiventothestudentbytheteacher."Thesubjectoftheactivesentencebecomestheobjectofthepassivesentence,andtheverbchangestopassiveform.3.Whatisthemeaningof"too...to..."?Provideanexample.参考答案："Too...to..."means"too+adjective/adverb+to+verb,"expressinganinabilityduetoexcess.Forexample,"Itistoodarktoseeclearly"meansthedarknessissogreatthatvisionisimpossible.Thestructurehighlightsarestriction.4.Howdoyouuse"either...or..."and"neither...nor..."withverbs?参考答案："Either...or..."requirestheverbtoagreewiththesubjectclosesttoit.Forexample,"EithersheorIamright."(singularverb"am")."Neither...nor..."requirestheverbtoagreewiththesubjectclosesttoit.Forexample,"Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwaspresent."(singularverb"was").Bothstructuresemphasizechoiceornegation.五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepassivevoice:"Thestudentscompletedtheprojectyesterday."参考答案："Theprojectwascompletedbythestudentsyesterday."Theactivesentenceis"Thestudentscompletedtheproject,"sothepassiveformis"Theprojectwascompleted"+"bythestudents"+"yesterday."2.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentence:"Sheisusedtoswiminthepooleverymorning."参考答案："Sheisusedtoswimminginthepooleverymorning."Theerroris"toswim,"whichshouldbe"toswimming"because"beusedtodoing"requiresthegerundform.3.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformof"lie"or"lay":"Yesterday,I______thebookonthetable,butitfelloff."参考答案："Yesterday,Ilaidthebookonthetable,butitfelloff."Theactionofplacingthebookistransitive,so"lay"iscorrect.4.Transformthefollowingsentenceintothepassivevoice:"Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposalnextweek."参考答案："Theproposalwillbediscussedbythecommitteenextweek."Theactivesentenceis"Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposal,"sothepassiveformis"Theproposalwillbediscussed"+"bythecommittee"+"nextweek."【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.A2.A3.C4.A5.C6.A7.A8.D9.D10.A解析：第1题考查"lie/lay"的区分，A正确表示不及物动词用法。第2题考查被动语态，A正确使用"wasread"。第3题考查"usedto"的用法，B正