2025-2026年江苏省部编版九年级英语第12单元语法填空习题

2025-2026年江苏省部编版九年级英语第12单元语法填空习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps,______hespendsmostofhisfreetime.A.becauseB.soC.butD.although解析：本题考查连词辨析。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣，______他大部分空闲时间都花在这上面。”空格前后为转折关系，故选C。A表示原因，B表示结果，D表示让步，均不符合语境。2.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkbeforetheclassstarted.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们上课前是否完成了作业。”ask后需跟宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，故用whether或if引导。C和D不符合语法结构，故选A或B。3.______sheisyoung,sheworksmuchharderthanmanyadults.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.SoD.As解析：本题考查让步状语从句。句意为“______她年轻，她比许多成年人工作努力得多。”空格后为从句，需用though或while引导，故选A。B表示原因，C表示结果，D表示时间，均不合适。4.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“住在隔壁的那个男孩是我的好朋友。”先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导，故选A。whom作宾语，which指物，不符合条件。5.Itisimportantforus______wecanhelpothers.A.thatB.whenC.howD.if解析：本题考查主语从句。句意为“对于我们______能够帮助他人是很重要的。”空格后为从句，且从句不缺成分，需用that引导，故选A。when表示时间，how表示方式，if表示条件，均不合适。6.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whose解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。”先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导，故选A。whom指人，whose表示所属关系，不符合条件。7.Mysisteris______shelooks.Sheismucholderthanme.A.notastallasB.astallasC.tallerthanD.thetallestofall解析：本题考查比较级。句意为“我姐姐个子______看起来那么高。她比我大得多。”空格后为astallas，表示同级比较，故选B。A表示否定比较，C表示更高，D表示最高，均不符合语境。8.Thestudentsweresurprised______theteachertoldthemthenews.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。句意为“当老师告诉他们消息时，学生们很惊讶。”surprised后需跟宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，故用that引导，故选B。when表示时间，which和what不符合语法结构。9.______youstudyhard,thebetteryourEnglishwillbe.A.ThemoreB.MoreC.ThemoreD.Most解析：本题考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。句意为“你学习越努力，英语就会越好。”表示越……越……，故选A。B和C缺少连词，D不符合结构。10.Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismycousin.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“坐在长椅上的那个女孩是我的表妹。”先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导，故选C。which指物，whom作宾语，不符合条件。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Ifyou______(nothurry),youwillarriveontime.参考答案：don’thurry解析：本题考查一般现在时否定形式。if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时，故填don’thurry。2.Theteacheraskedus______(write)acompositionthedaybeforeyesterday.参考答案：towrite解析：本题考查不定式。ask后跟不定式作宾语，故填towrite。3.______isthecapitalofFrance?参考答案：What解析：本题考查特殊疑问词。询问地点用what，故填What。4.Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano.参考答案：playing解析：本题考查动名词。beinterestedindoingsth.结构，故填playing。5.Theboy______Ispoketoisveryfriendly.参考答案：whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom引导，故填whom。6.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillgohiking.参考答案：doesn’train解析：本题考查一般现在时否定形式。if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时，故填doesn’train。7.Thegirl______iswearingareddressismysister.参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导，故填who。8.Heistallerthan______inhisclass.参考答案：anyone解析：本题考查比较级。thananyoneelse表示比班上任何人都高，故填anyone。9.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：which/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导，故填which或that。10.Theman______wevisitedlastweekisafamouswriter.参考答案：whom/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom或that引导，故填whom或that。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother.(正确)解析：定语从句正确，先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。2.Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.(正确)解析：条件状语从句正确，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。3.Thegirlthatissittingonthebenchismycousin.(正确)解析：定语从句正确，先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。4.Heistallerthananyboyinhisclass.(正确)解析：比较级正确，thananyboyelse表示比班上任何人都高。5.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(正确)解析：定语从句正确，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。6.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgohiking.(正确)解析：条件状语从句正确，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。7.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.(正确)解析：定语从句正确，先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。8.Heistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.(正确)解析：比较级正确，thananyoneelse表示比班上任何人都高。9.Themanwhomwevisitedlastweekisafamouswriter.(正确)解析：定语从句正确，先行词指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom或that引导。10.Theboythatisplayingfootballismybrother.(正确)解析：定语从句正确，先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthestructureofaconditionalsentence.参考答案：Conditionalsentencesconsistofanif-clauseandamainclause.Theif-clauseexpressesacondition,andthemainclausestatestheresult.Firstconditionalisusedforfuturepossibilities,secondconditionalforhypotheticalsituations,andthirdconditionalforpastunrealsituations.解析：本题考查条件状语从句结构。条件句由if从句和主句构成，if从句表示条件，主句表示结果。根据时间分为三种类型：第一条件句表示未来可能性，第二条件句表示假设情况，第三条件句表示过去虚拟情况。2.Whatisthefunctionof"which"inarelativeclause?参考答案："Which"isusedtorefertothingsinarelativeclause.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementoftheclause.Forexample,"ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting."Here,"which"refersto"thebook"andactsasthesubjectoftheclause.解析：本题考查关系代词which的功能。which用于指代物，可在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例如，"ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting."中，which指代thebook，作从句主语。3.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverb"be"+pastparticiple.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Here,"waswritten"isthepassivevoiceform.解析：本题考查被动语态的构成。被动语态由be动词+过去分词构成。例如，"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."中，"waswritten"是被动语态形式。4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"so"and"because"?参考答案："So"isusedtoshowaresult,while"because"isusedtoshowareason.Forexample,"Hestudiedhard,sohepassedtheexam."Here,"so"showstheresult."Shewastiredbecauseshehadworkedlate."Here,"because"showsthereason.解析：本题考查so和because的用法区别。so表示结果，because表示原因。例如，"Hestudiedhard,sohepassedtheexam."中，so表示结果；"Shewastiredbecauseshehadworkedlate."中，because表示原因。5.Howdoyouuse"the+comparativeadjective"structure?参考答案："The+comparativeadjective"structureisusedtoexpress"themore...,themore...".Forexample,"Theharderyoustudy,thebetteryourgradeswillbe."Here,"theharder"and"thebetter"showadirectrelationshipbetweenstudyeffortandgrades.解析：本题考查比较级结构。the+比较级结构表示“越……越……”。例如，"Theharderyoustudy,thebetteryourgradeswillbe."中，"theharder"和"thebetter"表示学习努力程度与成绩之间的直接关系。6.Whatisarelativeclause?参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofadverbialclausethatmodifiesanounorpronoun.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why).Forexample,"Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister."解析：本题考查定语从句的定义。定语从句是修饰名词或代词的状语从句，通常由关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that）或关系副词（when,where,why）引导。例如，"Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister."7.Howdoyouformageneralpresenttensesentence?参考答案：Ageneralpresenttensesentenceconsistsofasubjectandaverbinthepresentsimpleform.Forexample,"ShestudiesEnglisheveryday."Here,"she"isthesubject,and"studies"isthepresentsimpleformoftheverb.解析：本题考查一般现在时的构成。一般现在时句子由主语和动词的一般现在时形式构成。例如，"ShestudiesEnglisheveryday."中，"she"是主语，"studies"是动词的一般现在时形式。8.Whatisthefunctionof"that"inarelativeclause?参考答案："That"isusedtorefertothingsorpeopleinarelativeclause.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementoftheclause.Forexample,"ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting."Here,"that"refersto"thebook"andactsasthesubjectoftheclause.解析：本题考查关系代词that的功能。that用于指代物或人，可在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例如，"ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting."中，that指代thebook，作从句主语。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"IfI______(have)acar,Iwouldgotothebeach."参考答案：have解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导条件状语从句，主句用would+动词原形，从句用一般现在时，故填have。2.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Theboy______Ispoketoisveryfriendly."参考答案：whom/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom或that引导，故填whom或that。3.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano."参考答案：playing解析：本题考查动名词。beinterestedindoingsth.结构，故填playing。4.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."参考答案：which/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that引导，故填which或that。5.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Ifyou______(work)harder,youwillpasstheexam."参考答案：worked解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，故填worked。6.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Thegirl______iswearingareddressismysister."参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导，故填who。7.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Heistallerthan______inhisclass."参考答案：anyone解析：本题考查比较级。thananyoneelse表示比班上任何人都高，故填anyone。8.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Theman______wevisitedlastweekisafamouswriter."参考答案：whom/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom或that引导，故填whom或that。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.A/B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.B8.B9.A10.C二、填空题1.don’thurry2.towrite3.What4.playing5.whom6.doesn’train7.who8.anyone9.which/that10.whom/that三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.√6.√7.√8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.Conditionalsentencesconsistofanif-clauseandamainclause.Theif-clauseexpressesacondition,andthemainclausestatestheresult.Firstconditionalisusedforfuturepossibilities,secondconditionalforhypotheticalsituations,andthirdconditionalforpastunrealsituations.2."Which"isusedtorefertothingsinarelativeclause.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementoftheclause.Forexample,"ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting."Here,"which"refersto"thebook"andactsasthesubjectoftheclause.3.Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverb"be"+pastparticiple.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Here,"waswritten"isthepassivevoiceform.4."So"isusedtoshowaresult,while"because"isusedtoshowareason.Forexample,"Hestudiedhard,sohepassedtheexam."Here,"so"showstheresult."Shewastiredbecauseshehadworkedlate."Here,"because"showsthereason.5."The+comparativeadjective"structureisusedtoexpress"themore...,themore...".Forexample,"Theharderyoustudy,thebetteryourgradeswillbe."Here,"theharder"and"thebetter"showadirectrelationshipbetweenstudyeffortandgrades.6.Arelativeclauseisatypeofadverbialclausethatmodifiesanounorpronoun.Itusuallybeginswitharelativepronoun(who,whom,whose,which,that)orarelativeadverb(when,where,why).Forexample,"Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister."7.Ageneralpresenttensesentenceconsistsofasubjectandaverbinthepresentsimpleform.Forexample,"Shestud