2025-2026年重庆市北师大版九年级英语第10单元语法练习题

2025-2026年重庆市北师大版九年级英语第10单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishteacheroftenasksstudentsto______theiropinionsaboutthemovieinclass.A.expressB.showC.tellD.speak【解析】本题考查动词固定搭配。expressopinions为固定搭配，意为“表达观点”，故A项正确。showopinions（展示观点）搭配不当；tellopinions（告诉观点）语法错误；speakopinions（说话观点）搭配不自然。该单元重点讲解动词与名词、形容词的搭配规则，学生需掌握常见动词短语。2.Ifyou______moretimetoreview,youwillimproveyourEnglishwritingskillsfaster.A.spendB.takeC.costD.pay【解析】本题考查动词辨析。spendtimeonsth/doingsth为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故A项正确。taketimetodosth（花时间做某事）也正确，但spend更强调主动投入；cost和pay均不与time直接搭配。该单元强调虚拟语气条件句中动词的时态变化。3.Thestudentsweresurprisedwhenthey______theexamresults.A.seeB.sawC.seenD.seeing【解析】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语students与动词see为被动关系，且主句为一般过去时，故用saw的过去式被动形式saw。该单元重点讲解被动语态的构成（be动词+过去分词），需注意主语的人称和数。4.Mysister______toJapanlastyear,butshedidn’tvisitanymuseums.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going【解析】本题考查一般过去时。lastyear为时间状语，主句需用一般过去时，故C项正确。goes为第三人称单数形式；go为原形；going为动名词。该单元强调过去时态的固定用法。5.It’simportantto______Englisheverydayifyouwanttobecomefluent.A.practiceB.practicingC.practicesD.practiced【解析】本题考查动词不定式。It’simportanttodosth为固定句型，意为“做某事很重要”，故A项正确。practicing为动名词；practices为第三人称单数；practiced为过去式。该单元涉及不定式的用法。6.Theboy______playingfootballwhentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.A.playB.playsC.wasplayingD.hasplayed【解析】本题考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句需与主句时态一致，且描述过去同时进行的动作，故C项正确。play为原形；plays为第三人称单数；wasplaying为过去进行时；hasplayed为现在完成时。该单元重点讲解过去进行时的用法。7.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderforthefinalexam.A.amB.beC.isD.were【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般过去时，故D项正确。am和is为现在时；be为原形；were为虚拟语气形式。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。8.Thelibrary______openfromMondaytoFriday,butitclosesearlyonweekends.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【解析】本题考查主谓一致。library为单数可数名词，谓语动词需用单数形式is，故A项正确。are为复数；was和were为过去时。该单元涉及名词作主语时的谓语动词变化。9.Myparents______metocleanmyroomyesterday,butIdidn’tlisten.A.tellB.toldC.tellingD.tolded【解析】本题考查一般过去时。主句主语parents与动词tell为主动关系，且时间状语yesterday提示用一般过去时，故B项正确。tell为原形；telling为动名词；tolded为错误形式。该单元强调过去时态的固定用法。10.Thestudents______theirhomeworkwhenthepowerwentout.A.doB.didC.doingD.done【解析】本题考查一般过去时。主句主语students与动词do为主动关系，且时间状语whenthepowerwentout提示用一般过去时，故B项正确。do为原形；did为过去式；doing为动名词；done为过去分词。该单元涉及一般过去时的固定用法。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Ifyou______(notstudy)hard,youwon’tpasstheexam.【答案】don’tstudy【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般过去时，故填don’tstudy。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。2.Theteacheraskedusto______(write)acompositionaboutourhometown.【答案】write【解析】本题考查动词不定式。asksbtodosth为固定搭配，故填write。该单元涉及不定式的用法。3.Mybrother______(go)tothesupermarketyesterday,butheforgottobuymilk.【答案】went【解析】本题考查一般过去时。时间状语yesterday提示用一般过去时，故填went。该单元强调过去时态的固定用法。4.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldapologizetoher.【答案】were【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般过去时，故填were。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。5.Thestudents______(watch)amovieinthecinemalastnight.【答案】watched【解析】本题考查一般过去时。时间状语lastnight提示用一般过去时，故填watched。该单元涉及一般过去时的固定用法。6.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillhaveanoutdoorparty.【答案】doesn’train【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般过去时，故填doesn’train。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。7.Thegirl______(play)thepianowhenhermothercalledher.【答案】wasplaying【解析】本题考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句需与主句时态一致，且描述过去同时进行的动作，故填wasplaying。该单元重点讲解过去进行时的用法。8.Myfather______(nothave)acar,sohealwaystakesthebus.【答案】doesn’thave【解析】本题考查一般现在时。主句主语father为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单数形式doesn’thave。该单元涉及一般现在时的固定用法。9.Ifyou______(study)harder,youwillgetbettergradesnextterm.【答案】study【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般现在时，故填study。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。10.Thestudents______(clean)theclassroomeverymorning.【答案】clean【解析】本题考查一般现在时。主句主语students为复数，谓语动词用原形clean。该单元涉及一般现在时的固定用法。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteachertoldthestudentstofinishtheirhomeworkbeforeclass.(正确)【解析】本题考查动词不定式。tellsbtodosth为固定搭配，意为“告诉某人做某事”，故正确。该单元强调不定式的用法。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothepark.(错误)【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，故应改为wewouldnotgo，故错误。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。3.TheboywaswatchingTVwhenhismothercamehome.(正确)【解析】本题考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句需与主句时态一致，且描述过去同时进行的动作，故正确。该单元重点讲解过去进行时的用法。4.Mysistergoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.(正确)【解析】本题考查一般现在时。主句主语sister为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单数形式goes，故正确。该单元涉及一般现在时的固定用法。5.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotbuythatcar.(正确)【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，故正确。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。6.Thestudentsweresurprisedbecausetheysawtheexamresults.(错误)【解析】本题考查一般过去时。主句主语students与动词see为主动关系，且时间状语when提示用一般过去时，故应改为saw，故错误。该单元强调过去时态的固定用法。7.Thegirlisplayingthepianonow.(错误)【解析】本题考查现在进行时。now为时间状语，主句需用现在进行时，故应改为isplaying，故错误。该单元涉及现在进行时的固定用法。8.Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwon’tpasstheexam.(正确)【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，故正确。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。9.Theteachertoldustonotbelateforclass.(错误)【解析】本题考查动词不定式。tellsbnottodosth为固定搭配，故应改为nottobelate，故错误。该单元强调不定式的用法。10.Thestudentswerecleaningtheclassroomwhentheteacherentered.(正确)【解析】本题考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句需与主句时态一致，且描述过去同时进行的动作，故正确。该单元重点讲解过去进行时的用法。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.ExplainthestructureofthepassivevoiceinEnglish.【参考答案】Thepassivevoiceisformedwith"be+pastparticiple."Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Themainverbisinthepassiveform(written),andtheagent(John)isintroducedby"by."Thetenseofthepassivevoicedependsonthemainverb.Forexample,"Theexamwillbefinishedtomorrow."【解析】本题考查被动语态的构成。被动语态由be动词+过去分词构成，如ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn。主句时态决定被动语态的时态，如一般现在时bewritten，一般将来时willbewritten。该单元强调被动语态的固定用法。2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"can"and"may"?【参考答案】"Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermission.Forexample,"Icanswim.""May"isusedtoexpresspermissionorpossibility.Forexample,"Youmayleavenow."Insomecontexts,"may"ismorepolitethan"can."【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。"Can"表示能力或允许，如Icanswim；"May"表示允许或可能性，如Youmayleavenow。在允许的语境中，"may"比"can"更礼貌。该单元涉及情态动词的固定用法。3.Howdoyouformthepastcontinuoustense?【参考答案】Thepastcontinuoustenseisformedwith"was/were+verb-ing."Forexample,"Iwasstudyingwhenthephonerang."Thesubjectdetermineswhethertouse"was"or"were."【解析】本题考查过去进行时的构成。过去进行时由was/were+动词ing构成，如Iwasstudyingwhenthephonerang。主语的人称和数决定be动词的形式。该单元重点讲解过去进行时的用法。4.Whatisanon-finiteverb?Giveanexample.【参考答案】Anon-finiteverbisaverbthatdoesnotshowtenseorperson.Itincludesinfinitives(todo),gerunds(doing),andparticiples(done).Forexample,"IwanttolearnEnglish."Here,"tolearn"isaninfinitive.【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括不定式（todo）、动名词（doing）和分词（done），如IwanttolearnEnglish中的tolearn。该单元涉及非谓语动词的用法。5.Howdoyouuse"if"toexpressacondition?【参考答案】"If"isusedtoexpressconditions.Intherealcondition,usethepresenttenseinthe"if"clauseandthemainverbinthepresenttense.Forexample,"Ifitrains,wewillgotothecinema."Intheunrealcondition,usethepasttenseinthe"if"clauseandwould+verbinthemainverb.Forexample,"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder."【解析】本题考查if引导的条件状语从句。真实条件句中，if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时或will+动词原形；非真实条件句中，if从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。6.Whatisthedifferencebetween"thereis"and"thereare"?【参考答案】"Thereis"isusedforsingularnouns.Forexample,"Thereisabookonthetable.""Thereare"isusedforpluralnouns.Forexample,"Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom."【解析】本题考查therebe句型的用法。"Thereis"用于单数名词，如Thereisabookonthetable；"Thereare"用于复数名词，如Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom。该单元涉及名词作主语时的谓语动词变化。7.Howdoyouformthefuturesimpletense?【参考答案】Thefuturesimpletenseisformedwith"will+verb."Forexample,"Iwillgotothepartytomorrow."Itisusedtoexpressfutureplansorpredictions.【解析】本题考查一般将来时的构成。一般将来时由will+动词原形构成，如Iwillgotothepartytomorrow。用于表示未来的计划或预测。该单元涉及一般将来时的固定用法。8.Whatisthepurposeofusingarticles(a,an,the)?【参考答案】Articlesareusedtospecifyorgeneralizenouns."A/an"isusedforsingularcountablenouns.Forexample,"acat.""The"isusedforspecificnouns.Forexample,"thecatinthehouse."【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。"A/an"用于单数可数名词，如acat；"The"用于特指名词，如thecatinthehouse。该单元涉及冠词的固定用法。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepassivevoice:"Thestudentscleanedtheclassroomyesterday."【参考答案】Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudentsyesterday.【解析】本题考查被动语态的构成。原句主语students与动词clean为主动关系，改为被动语态时，主语变为宾语，动词改为be动词+过去分词，故Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudentsyesterday。该单元强调被动语态的固定用法。2.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI______(be)rich,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld."【答案】were【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般过去时，故填were。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。3.Changethefollowingsentencetothepastcontinuoustense:"Sheisreadingabooknow."【答案】Shewasreadingabookthen.【解析】本题考查过去进行时的构成。原句为现在进行时，改为过去进行时时，主句改为was/were+动词ing，故Shewasreadingabookthen。该单元重点讲解过去进行时的用法。4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganinfinitive:"Theteacheraskedmetofinishmyhomework."【参考答案】Theteacheraskedmetofinishmyhomework.【解析】本题考查动词不定式的用法。原句已正确使用不定式，故无需改动。该单元涉及不定式的用法。5.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Ifyou______(study)harder,youwillpasstheexam."【答案】study【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般现在时，故填study。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepassivevoice:"Themanrepairedthecaryesterday."【参考答案】Thecarwasrepairedbythemanyesterday.【解析】本题考查被动语态的构成。原句主语man与动词repair为主动关系，改为被动语态时，主语变为宾语，动词改为be动词+过去分词，故Thecarwasrepairedbythemanyesterday。该单元强调被动语态的固定用法。7.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillcanceltheparty."【答案】rains【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句，主句用would+动词原形，从句需用一般现在时，故填rains。该单元强调虚拟语气的构成。8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingagerund:"Heenjoysplayingbasketball."【参考答案】Heenjoysplayingbasketball.【解析】本题考查动名词的用法。原句已正确使用动名词，故无需改动。该单元涉及非谓语动词的用法。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.A9.B10.B二、填空题1.don’tstudy2.write3.went4.were5.watched6.doesn’train7.wasplaying8.doesn’thave9.study10.clean三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.×7.×8.√9.×10.√四、简答题1.Thepassivevoiceisformedwith"be+pastparticiple."Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Thetenseofthepassivevoicedependsonthemainverb.2."Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermission.Forexample,"Icanswim.""May"isusedtoexpresspermissionorpossibility.Forexample,"Youmayleavenow."3.Thepastcontinuouste