2025-2026年江苏省北师大版八年级英语第7单元词汇知识点巩固习题

2025-2026年江苏省北师大版八年级英语第7单元词汇知识点巩固习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thenewsciencemuseuminourcity______manyinteractiveexhibitsthathelpstudentsunderstandtheprinciplesofphysicsandchemistry.A.includesB.containsC.consistsofD.possesses参考答案：A解析：本题考查动词辨析。includes意为“包括”，符合句意“我们城市的科学博物馆包括许多互动展品”；contains意为“包含”，但通常指包含在某个整体中；consistsof意为“由...组成”，不符合句意；possesses意为“拥有”，不符合语境。故选A。2.Mygrandmotheroftentellsmestoriesaboutherchildhood,______shelivedinasmallvillagewithhergrandparents.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that参考答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是stories，指物，且从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导；when引导时间状语从句；which和that引导名词性从句，不符合句意。故选B。3.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglishspeakingskills,it'simportantto______Englishasmuchaspossibleindailylife.A.practiceB.studyC.learnD.memorize参考答案：A解析：本题考查动词辨析。practice意为“练习”，符合句意“如果你想提高英语口语能力，重要的是在日常生活中尽可能多地练习英语”；study意为“学习”，但通常指系统学习；learn意为“学习”，但更侧重获取知识；memorize意为“记忆”，不符合句意。故选A。4.TheGreatWallisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksinChina,______attractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom参考答案：A解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是landmarks，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导；that引导限制性定语从句；who和whom引导定语从句，但只能指人，不符合句意。故选A。5.Mysisterisatalentedmusicianwhoplaysthepiano______beautifully.A.tooB.soC.veryD.as参考答案：C解析：本题考查副词辨析。very意为“非常”，符合句意“我姐姐是一位有才华的音乐家，钢琴弹得非常美”；too意为“太”，通常用于否定句或疑问句；so意为“如此”，常与that连用；as意为“像”，不符合句意。故选C。6.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirhomeworkbeforetheclassstarted.A.finishB.finishedC.finishingD.tofinish参考答案：A解析：本题考查动词不定式。asksb.todosth.意为“让某人做某事”，符合句意“老师要求学生在上课前完成作业”；finish是动词原形；finished是过去式；finishing是动名词；tofinish是不定式，但不符合固定搭配。故选A。7.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which参考答案：A解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是boy，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用who引导；whom引导定语从句，但作宾语；whose引导定语从句，但作所有格；which引导定语从句，但只能指物，不符合句意。故选A。8.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom参考答案：A解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导；that引导定语从句，但只能指物；who和whom引导定语从句，但只能指人，不符合句意。故选A。9.Thewoman______youspoketoyesterdayismyEnglishteacher.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which参考答案：A解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用who引导；whom引导定语从句，但作宾语；whose引导定语从句，但作所有格；which引导定语从句，但只能指物，不符合句意。故选A。10.Thecompanydecidedto______itsheadquarterstoanewcitytoexpanditsbusiness.A.moveB.movingC.movedD.tomove参考答案：A解析：本题考查动词不定式。decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”，符合句意“公司决定将其总部迁往新城市以扩大业务”；moving是动名词；moved是过去式；tomove是不定式，但不符合固定搭配。故选A。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Myfatheroften______metoplaychessonweekends.参考答案：invites解析：本题考查动词时态。根据句意“我父亲经常在周末邀请我下棋”，应用一般现在时，invites是动词invite的第三人称单数形式。2.Thegirl______issittingnexttomeismybestfriend.参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是girl，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。3.Ifyou______moretimetopractice,yourEnglishwillimprovequickly.参考答案：spend解析：本题考查动词不定式。spendtimedoingsth.意为“花时间做某事”，符合句意“如果你花更多时间练习，你的英语会很快提高”。4.Themuseum______wevisitedlastSundayhasmanyancientartifacts.参考答案：which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是museum，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。5.Mybrotherisaskilledcarpenterwhocan______furniturefromscratch.参考答案：make解析：本题考查动词辨析。make意为“制作”，符合句意“我哥哥是一位熟练的木匠，可以从头制作家具”。6.Thewoman______youaretalkingtoisafamouswriter.参考答案：whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，且从句中缺少宾语，故用whom引导。7.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.参考答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。wereyou意为“如果你是我”，符合虚拟语气结构。8.Thebook______IamreadingisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.参考答案：which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。9.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是boy，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。10.Thewoman______youspoketoyesterdayismyEnglishteacher.参考答案：whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，且从句中缺少宾语，故用whom引导。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theboywholivesnextdoorismygoodfriend.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是boy，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用who引导，句子结构正确。2.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导，句子结构正确。3.ThewomanwhomyouspoketoyesterdayismyEnglishteacher.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，且从句中缺少宾语，故用whom引导，句子结构正确。4.Thecompanydecidedtomoveitsheadquarterstoanewcitytoexpanditsbusiness.(正确)解析：本题考查动词不定式。decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”，符合句意，句子结构正确。5.Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismybestfriend.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是girl，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用who引导，句子结构正确。6.Ifyouspendmoretimetopractice,yourEnglishwillimprovequickly.(错误)解析：本题考查动词不定式。应改为spendtimeonsth.或spendtimedoingsth.，不符合固定搭配。7.ThemuseumwhichwevisitedlastSundayhasmanyancientartifacts.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是museum，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用which引导，句子结构正确。8.Theboythatlivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是boy，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故用that引导，句子结构正确。9.Thewomanwhoyouaretalkingtoisafamouswriter.(错误)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是woman，指人，且从句中缺少宾语，故用whom引导，不符合句意。10.ThebookthatIamreadingisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词是book，指物，且从句中缺少主语，故用that引导，句子结构正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Whatdoes"interactiveexhibits"meaninthesentence"Thenewsciencemuseuminourcityincludesmanyinteractiveexhibitsthathelpstudentsunderstandtheprinciplesofphysicsandchemistry"?参考答案：Interactiveexhibitsrefertoexhibitsthatallowvisitorstoparticipateandengagewiththecontent,oftenthroughhands-onactivitiesortechnology.解析：interactiveexhibits意为“互动展品”，指允许参观者参与并互动的展品，通常通过动手活动或技术实现。2.WhyisitimportanttopracticeEnglishasmuchaspossibleindailylife?参考答案：PracticingEnglishindailylifehelpsimprovepronunciation,vocabulary,andfluency,makingiteasiertocommunicateeffectively.解析：在日常生活中练习英语有助于提高发音、词汇和流利度，从而更容易有效沟通。3.Whatisthefunctionof"which"inthesentence"TheGreatWallisoneofthemostfamouslandmarksinChina,whichattractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear"?参考答案："Which"introducesanon-restrictiverelativeclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationabouttheGreatWall.解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，提供关于长城的额外信息。4.Howdoes"who"differfrom"whom"inrelativeclauses?参考答案："Who"isusedasthesubjectofarelativeclause,while"whom"isusedastheobject.解析：who作定语从句的主语，whom作宾语。5.Whatdoes"too"meaninthesentence"Mysisterisatalentedmusicianwhoplaysthepianotoobeautifully"?参考答案："Too"indicatesanexcessivedegreeofbeautyinherpianoplaying.解析：too表示她钢琴演奏的美过度了。6.Whyis"finish"usedinsteadof"finished"inthesentence"Theteacheraskedthestudentstofinishtheirhomeworkbeforetheclassstarted"?参考答案："Finish"isthebaseformoftheverbusedafter"asksb.todosth."解析：finish是动词原形，用于asksb.todosth.结构中。7.Whatisthepurposeof"whose"inrelativeclauses?参考答案："Whose"isusedtoindicatepossessionorrelationshipinarelativeclause.解析：whose用于定语从句中表示所有关系或关系。8.Howdoes"that"differfrom"which"inrelativeclauses?参考答案："That"canrefertobothpeopleandthings,while"which"istypicallyusedforthings.解析：that可指人和物，which通常指物。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeaparagraphofabout50wordsdescribingasciencemuseumyouhavevisited.Includeatleastthreeinteractiveexhibits.参考答案：Ivisitedasciencemuseumlastweekend.Ithadmanyinteractiveexhibits,suchasavirtualrealityplanetarium,ahands-onphysicslab,andaDNAhelixmodel.Theseexhibitsmadelearningaboutsciencefunandengaging.解析：段落描述了参观的科学博物馆，包含三个互动展品，符合要求。2.Imagineyouareastudent.Writeashortemail(about50words)toyourfriendaskingforhelpwithEnglishhomework.参考答案：DearTom,Ihopeyou'redoingwell.IneedyourhelpwithmyEnglishhomework.Canyouexplainhowtouse"who"and"whom"inrelativeclauses?Pleaseletmeknowifyou'refreetohelp.Thanks!解析：邮件请求朋友帮助英语作业，涉及定语从句，符合要求。3.Writeasentenceusingthephrase"toobeautifully"todescribeanartist'sperformance.参考答案：Theartistsangtoobeautifully,captivatingtheaudiencewithhervoice.解析：句子使用toobeautifully描述表演，符合要求。4.Createasentenceusingthestructure"ifIwereyou,Iwould..."togiveadvice.参考答案：IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexamtoimprovemygrades.解析：句子使用虚拟语气给出建议，符合要求。5.Writeasentenceusingthephrase"interactiveexhibits"todescribeamuseumvisit.参考答案：Themuseumincludedmanyinteractiveexhibitsthatallowedvisitorstoexplorehistoryhands-on.解析：句子使用interactiveexhibits描述博物馆，符合要求。6.Createasentenceusingthestructure"theboywho..."todescribeafriend.参考答案：Theboywholivesnextdoorisakindandhelpfulfriend.解析：句子使用who引导定语从句描述朋友，符合要求。7.Writeasentenceusingthephrase"sobeautifully"todescribeapainting.参考答案：Thepaintingwassobeautifullypaintedthatitlookedlikeareallandscape.解析：句子使用sobeautifully描述绘画，符合要求。8.Createasentenceusingthestructure"thebookthat..."todescribeafavoritebook.参考答案：ThebookthatIreadlastmonthwassofascinatingthatIcouldn'tputitdown.解析：句子使用that引导定语从句描述书籍，符合要求。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.B3.A4.A5.C6.A7.A8.A9.A10.A解析：同前。二、填空题1.invites2.who3.spend4.which5.make6.whom7.were8.which9.who10.whom解析：同前。三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.√6.×7.√8.√9.×10.√解析：同前。四、简答题1.Interactiveexhibitsrefertoexhibitsthatallowvisitorstoparticipateandengagewiththecontent,oftenthroughhands-onactivitiesortechnology.解析：interactiveexhibits意为“互动展品”，指允许参观者参与并互动的展品，通常通过动手活动或技术实现。2.PracticingEnglishindailylifehelpsimprovepronunciation,vocabulary,andfluency,makingiteasiertocommunicateeffectively.解析：在日常生活中练习英语有助于提高发音、词汇和流利度，从而更容易有效沟通。3."Which"introducesanon-restrictiverelativeclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationabouttheGreatWall.解析：which引导非限制性定语从句，提供关于长城的额外信息。4."Who"isusedasthesubjectofarelativeclause,while"whom"isusedastheobject.解析：who作定语从句的主语，whom作宾语。5."Too"indicatesanexcessivedegreeofbeautyinherpianoplaying.解析：too表示她钢琴演奏的美过度了。6."Finish"isthebaseformoftheverbusedafter"asksb.todosth."解析：finish是动词原形，用于asksb.todosth.结构中。7."Whose"isusedtoindicatepossessionorrelationshipinarelativeclause.解析：whose用于定语从句中表示所有关系或关系。8."That"canrefertobothpeopleandthings,while"which"istypicallyusedforthings.解析：that可指人和物，whi