主题12　良好的人际关系与社会交往

主题12良好的人际关系与社会交往主题概述本主题探讨建立与维护良好人际关系的方法与意义，旨在引导学生掌握有效的沟通技巧，培养同理心与合作精神，从而构建积极、健康的社交网络，提升社会适应能力与个人幸福感对接教材外研版必修第一册UNIT

4

Friends

forever译林版必修第一册UNIT

3

Getting

along

with

others选择性必修第四册UNIT

2

Understanding

each

other北师大版选择性必修第一册

UNIT

1

RELATIONSHIPS；

选择性必修第四册UNIT

10

CONNECTIONS目录CONTENTS主题语基构建主题语基通关主题要点突破主题写作提能主题对接高考主题能力跃升主题语基构建子话题1建立关系1.

bond

n.纽带；联系v.（使）建立亲密关系2.

fellow

n.同伴；伙伴adj.同伴的3.

familiar

adj.熟悉的familiarity

n.熟悉；亲近

主题单词4.

introduce

v.介绍introduction

n.介绍5.

contact

v.联系6.

associate

v.（使）联系；交往n.同事；伙伴association

n.协会；交往；联系7.

connect

v.连接；建立联系connection

n.联系；关系8.

correspond

v.通信；符合，一致9.

request

v.请求，要求n.要求，请求10.

encounter

v.&

n.偶遇；邂逅11.

hesitate

v.犹豫；顾虑hesitation

n.犹豫，踌躇12.

establish

vt.建立；设立establishment

n.确立；创立；企业子话题2沟通与互动1.

chat

v.&

n.聊天2.

conversation

n.谈话，交谈3.

dialogue

n.对话4.

interact

v.互动；交流interaction

n.互动；交流interactive

adj.互动的5.

exchange

v.&

n.交换；交流6.

respond

v.回答；作出反应response

n.答复；反应7.

complain

v.抱怨complaint

n.抱怨；不满的原因；疾病8.

quarrel

n.&

v.争吵9.

argue

v.争论；主张argument

n.理由；论据；讨论，辩论；异议；争论10.

corner

v.使陷入困境n.角落11.

envelope

n.信封；封皮；包裹物；

v.笼罩12.

congratulate

v.向某人道贺，祝贺congratulation

n.祝贺，恭喜13.

interrupt

v.插嘴；打断；中止14.

combine

v.使结合，混合，融合，联合combination

n.结合（体），联合（体）15.

deny

v.否认；拒绝承认16.

guarantee

v.担保；提供（产品）保修单n.保证；保修单17.

admire

v.钦佩；赞赏admiration

n.羡慕；钦佩admirable

adj.令人羡慕的；令人钦佩的18.

bother

v.麻烦，打扰，纠缠n.麻烦，困难19.

recall

v.召回（残损货品等）；回想起n.记忆力；召回令；罢免子话题3关系维护与情感1.

reflect

v.反思；反映；映出reflection

n.体现；深思；反射；映像，倒影2.

negotiate

v.谈判；协商negotiation

n.谈判3.

contrary

adj.相反的，对立的n.对立面4.

regret

v.后悔，对……感到遗憾n.遗憾，失望regretful

adj.后悔的，令人惋惜的，遗憾的5.

convey

v.传达；传递（思想、感情等）6.

perceive

v.感知；察觉；理解perception

n.看法；感觉7.

forgive

v.原谅；宽恕forgiveness

n.原谅8.

tolerate

vt.容忍；忍受tolerant

adj.宽容的；容忍的tolerance

n.容忍，忍受；宽容9.

apologize

v.道歉，认错apology

n.道歉，认错10.

pardon

vt.宽恕；原谅；赦免n.饶恕，原谅11.

compromise

v.&

n.妥协，让步12.

conflict

n.冲突；矛盾v.冲突13.

tension

n.（关系）紧张；张力14.

disagreement

n.意见不合；分歧15.

misunderstanding

n.误解；误会16.

excuse

n.借口；理由；道歉v.为……辩解；原谅；

使免除17.

contradictory

adj.矛盾的，对立的18.

controversial

adj.有争议的子话题4社交活动与礼仪1.

manners

n.（pl.）礼貌；规矩2.

hug

v.拥抱；抱住；紧挨；缠紧n.拥抱3.

greet

v.问候；向……致敬greeting

n.问候；祝词4.

bow

n.鞠躬；船头v.鞠躬；低头；

屈服于5.

bend

v.弯腰；（使）弯曲；

n.拐弯处，弯道6.

whisper

v.低语，私语n.耳语；私语（声）7.

witness

n.目击者；见证人v.出席；见证9.

acceptance

n.接受10.

decent

adj.像样的；得体的；正派的11.

formal

adj.正式的informal

adj.非正式的8.

reception

n.招待会；接待receptionist

n.接待员12.

delay

v.推迟；耽误；磨蹭；使迟到n.延期；耽误13.

postpone

vt.使延期，延缓vi.延缓；延缓发作14.

socialize

v.进行社交活动；交往socialism

n.社会主义15.

reject

v.拒绝考虑；摈弃

主题短语1.

reach

out

to

主动接触；向……伸出援手2.

count

on/rely

on

依靠；指望3.

look

up

to

尊敬；敬佩4.

put

up

with

忍受；容忍5.

fit

in

（with）

融入（群体）；与……合得来6.

keep

in

touch

with

与……保持联系7.

turn

to

sb

for

help

向某人求助8.

on

good

terms

with

与……关系良好11.

be

considerate

of

体谅……；为……着想12.

be

loyal

to

对……忠诚9.

in

harmony

with

与……和谐相处10.

in

conflict

with

与……发生冲突；与……有矛盾

主题语块1.

establish

trust

建立信任2.

resolve

conflicts

peacefully

和平解决冲突3.

maintain

a

long-lasting

friendship

维持长久的友谊4.

expand

one’s

social

circle

扩大社交圈5.

be

a

good

listener

做一个好的倾听者6.

lend

a

helping

hand

伸出援手7.

strengthen

the

bond（s）

with

others

加强与他人的联系8.

express

one’s

gratitude/appreciation

表达感激之情9.

a

sense

of

belonging

归属感10.

see

things

from

another’s

perspective

从他人的角度看待问题

主题佳句高考必背写作佳句1.

句型公式：倒装句：Only＋时间副词/介词短语/（when/if引导的）

状语从句＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＋谓语＋宾语Only

when

we

receive

your

article

on

time

can

we

ensure

it

gets

published

in

our

upcoming

issue.

（2025·全国二卷）只有当我们及时收到您的文章，我们才能确保它在我们即将出版的期

号中发表。2.

句型公式：with复合结构：with＋名词/代词十-ed形式With

guilt

and

anxiety

rooted

in

his

heart，

he

nervously

explained

everything

he

had

witnessed

that

afternoon.

（2025·1月浙江卷）他心中充满了内疚和焦虑，紧张地解释了那天下午他所看到的一切。主题语基通关基础知识巩固集训（一）默写训练Ⅰ.单词默写1.

n.纽带；联系v.（使）建立亲密关系2.

v.&

n.偶遇；邂逅3.

n.&

v.争吵4.

v.麻烦，打扰，纠缠n.麻烦，困难5.

v.召回（残损货品等）；回想起n.记忆力；召回

令；罢免6.

n.冲突；矛盾v.冲突7.

v.拥抱；抱住；紧挨；缠紧n.拥抱bond

encounter

quarrel

bother

recall

conflict

hug

8.

v.低语，私语n.耳语；私语（声）9.

n.目击者；见证人v.出席；见证10.

v.使陷入困境n.角落11.

v.通信；符合，一致12.

n.信封；封皮；包裹物v.笼罩whisper

witness

corner

correspond

envelope

Ⅱ.派生单词默写1.

establish

vt.建立；设立

n.确立；创立；企业2.

interact

v.互动；交流

n.互动；交流

adj.互动的3.

respond

v.回答；作出反应

n.答复；反应establishment

interaction

interactive

response

4.

admire

v.钦佩；赞赏

n.羡慕；钦佩

adj.令人羡慕的；令人钦佩的5.

negotiate

v.谈判；协商

n.谈判6.

perceive

v.感知；察觉；理解

n.看法；感觉7.

forgive

v.原谅；宽恕

n.原谅admiration

admirable

negotiation

perception

forgiveness

8.

tolerate

vt.容忍；忍受

adj.宽容的；容忍的

n.容忍，忍受；宽容9.

apologize

v.道歉，认错

n.道歉，认错10.

formal

adj.正式的

adj.非正式的tolerant

tolerance

apology

informal

Ⅲ.短语/语块默写1.

主动接触；向……伸出援手2.

依靠；指望3.

融入（群体）；与……合得来4.

与……保持联系5.

向某人求助6.

体谅……；为……着想7.

扩大社交圈8.

归属感reach

out

to

count

on/rely

on

fit

in

（with）

keep

in

touch

with

turn

to

sb

for

help

be

considerate

of

expand

one’s

social

circle

a

sense

of

belonging

Ⅳ.主题佳句默写1.

ensure

it

gets

published

in

our

upcoming

issue.只有当我们及时收到您的文章，我们才能确保它在我们即将出版的期

号中发表。2.

，

he

nervously

explained

everything

he

had

witnessed

that

afternoon.他心中充满了内疚和焦虑，紧张地解释了那天下午他所看到的一切。Only

when

we

receive

your

article

on

time

can

we

With

guilt

and

anxiety

rooted

in

his

heart

基础知识巩固集训（二）

语境运用Ⅰ.单词拼写1.

If

you

find

my

lost

wallet，

please

（联系）

me

at

this

phone

number.2.

The

manager

approved

my

（请求）

for

a

day

off.3.

The

cultural

（交流）

program

helps

students

from

different

countries

understand

each

other

better.4.

It’s

considered

rude

to

（打断）

others

while

they

are

speaking.contact

request

exchange

interrupt

5.

The

boy

continued

to

（否认）

that

he

had

broken

the

window.6.

We

cannot

（担保）

that

the

flight

will

arrive

on

time

due

to

the

bad

weather.7.

A

simple

smile

can

often

（传达）

more

warmth

than

words.8.

After

a

long

discussion，

they

finally

reached

a

（妥协）.deny

guarantee

convey

compromise

Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空1.

His

（familiar）

with

the

city’s

streets

made

him

an

excellent

tour

guide.2.

The

book’s

（introduce）

provides

a

brief

overview

of

the

historical

events.3.

After

a

moment

of

（hesitate），

he

finally

agreed

to

join

the

team.4.

The

customer

service

department

is

responsible

for

handling

every

（complain）

from

clients.familiarity

introduction

hesitation

complaint

5.

Their

heated

（argue）

could

be

heard

from

the

next

room.6.

Please

accept

my

warmest

（congratulate）

on

your

graduation！7.

The

winning

design

was

a

clever

（combine）

of

modern

and

traditional

styles.8.

She

felt

（regret）

about

her

harsh

words

and

wished

she

could

take

them

back.argument

congratulations

combination

regretful

Ⅲ.完成句子1.

Children

often

who

are

both

knowledgeable

and

kind.孩子们常常敬佩那些既知识渊博又善良的老师。2.

A

true

friend

will

accept

your

flaws

and

even

⁠

⁠.一个真正的朋友会接受你的缺点，甚至能容忍你的坏习惯。3.

To

build

a

better

community，

we

should

try

to

⁠

⁠.为了建设一个更好的社区，我们应该努力与邻里和谐相处。look

up

to

teachers

put

up

with

your

bad

habits

live

in

harmony

with

our

neighbors

4.

Trust

and

open

communication

⁠

⁠.信任和开放的沟通是维持长久友谊的关键。5.

We

when

they

help

us.当朋友帮助我们时，我们应该毫不犹豫地向他们表达感激之情。are

the

keys

to

maintaining

a

long-

lasting

friendship

should

not

hesitate

to

express

our

gratitude

to

our

friends

主题要点突破

associate

v.（使）联系；交往n.同事；伙伴→association

n.协会；

交往；联系练通

完成句子①He

is

，

and

they

have

worked

together

on

several

projects.他是我父亲的生意伙伴，他们一起合作过好几个项目。a

business

associate

of

my

father’s

写美

一句多译②人们通常将红色与激情和能量联系在一起。→People

passion

and

energy.→The

color

red

passion

and

energy.（被动

语态）often

associate

the

color

red

with

is

often

associated

with

用法associate

sth

with

sth

将某物与另一物联系起来be

associated

with

与……有联系in

association

with

与……联合/合作佳句

He

quit

his

job

and

is

now

working

in

association

with

a

charity

organization.

（社会热点）他辞去了工作，现在正与一个慈善组织合作。积累

a

close

associate亲密的伙伴the

Students’Association学生会

request

v.请求，要求n.要求，请求；（广播电台中）点播的曲目练通

句型转换/完成句子①Our

teacher

requested

that

we

（should）

exchange

our

ideas

on

learning

regularly.

→Our

teacher

requested

us

our

ideas

on

learning

regularly.②The

meeting

was

postponed

until

next

week

⁠

⁠.应我们经理的要求，会议被推迟到下周。to

exchange

at

the

request

of

our

manager

写美

微写作③As

our

next

issue

goes

to

print

soon，

it

⁠

by

next

Friday.

（2025·全国二卷）由于下一期即将付印，要求您在下周五之前提交文章。is

requested

that

you

（should）

submit

the

article

用法request

sb

to

do

sth

请求某人做某事request

that

...（should）

do

sth

请求……It

is

requested

that

...（should）

do

sth

要求……at

one’s

request＝at

the

request

of

sb

应某人的要求佳句

I

would

appreciate

it

if

you

could

agree

to

my

request

and

accept

my

invitation.

（邀请信）如果您能同意我的请求并接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激。点津用“（should＋）动词原形”表示虚拟语气的动词集锦：insist，

order，

command，

request，

require，

demand，

suggest，

advise，

propose，

recommend，

urge等。

hesitate

v.犹豫；顾虑→hesitation

n.犹豫，踌躇练通

完成句子①If

you

have

any

troubles，

.

I’ll

do

everything

in

my

power

to

help

you.

（建议信）如果你有什么问题，尽管来找我。我会尽我所能帮助你。don’t

hesitate

to

turn

to

me

写美

微写作②To

my

surprise，Gunter

⁠

and

gave

it

to

me.

（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）令我惊讶的是，冈特毫不犹豫地写下他的电话号码并给了我。wrote

down

his

phone

number

without

hesitation

用法hesitate

to

do

sth

犹豫做某事hesitate

about/over

sth

对某事犹豫不决without

hesitation

毫不犹豫地佳句

Seeing

the

child

fall

into

the

river，

the

brave

young

man

jumped

in

to

save

him

without

a

moment’s

hesitation.

（人物描写）看到孩子掉进河里，那个勇敢的年轻人没有犹豫片刻就跳进去救他。积累

a

moment’s

hesitation片刻的犹豫hesitate

over

a

decision对一个决定犹豫不决

respond

v.回答；作出反应→response

n.答复，反应练通

单句语法填空/完成句子①Every

time

I

asked

him

for

advice，he

would

respond

me

immediately.②I

am

writing

asking

me

for

advice

on

how

to

plan

a

club

activity

with

the

theme

of

“Green

Beijing”.

（建议信）我写信是为了回应你上一封信，在信中你要我就如何策划一个以“绿

色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动提供建议。to

in

response

to

your

last

letter

写美

一句多译③为了应对气候变化，政府必须迅速采取行动。→The

government

must

take

swift

action

⁠

.（respond）→

，

the

government

must

take

swift

action.（response）to

respond

to

climate

change

In

response

to

climate

change

用法respond

to

sb/sth

回应/对……作出反应in

response

to

作为对……的反应/回答make

a/no

response

to

对……作出回应/不予回答佳句

①The

student

made

no

response

to

the

teacher’s

question，

sitting

quietly

with

his

head

down.那个学生没有回应老师的提问，只是低头安静地坐着。②The

audience

responded

with

enthusiastic

applause

when

the

curtain

fell

at

the

end

of

the

stunning

performance.

（场景描写）当精彩的表演结束、大幕落下时，观众报以热烈的掌声。积累

a

quick/slow

response快速/缓慢的反应an

emotional

response情绪反应

congratulate

v.向某人道贺，祝贺→congratulation

n.祝贺，恭喜

（常用复数形式）练通

单句语法填空①I

am

writing

a

letter

of

（congratulate）

to

my

monitor

on

his

being

elected

as

chairman

of

the

Student

Council.②Congratulations

her

success

poured

in，and

she

couldn’t

help

but

feel

a

sense

of

accomplishment

and

pride.congratulation

on

写美

一句多译③我衷心祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。→I’d

like

to

⁠

in

the

English

speech

competition.（congratulate）→I’d

like

to

⁠

in

the

English

speech

competition.

（congratulation）sincerely

congratulate

you

on

your

winning

first

place

express/offer/send

my

sincere

congratulations

to

you

on

your

winning

first

place

用法congratulate

sb

on

（doing）

sth因（做）某事向某人祝贺

express/offer/send

one’s

congratulations

to

sb

on

（doing）

sth

因

（做）某事向某人表示祝贺congratulations

on

...

祝贺佳句

The

whole

team

gathered

around

the

captain

to

offer

their

congratulations

after

he

scored

the

winning

goal

in

the

final

seconds.

（场景描写）在队长于最后几秒攻入制胜球后，全队围在他身边向他表示祝贺。积累

heartfelt

congratulations衷心的祝贺a

letter

of

congratulation祝贺信

apologize

v.道歉，认错→apology

n.道歉练通

单句语法填空/完成句子①He

immediately

apologized

his

rude

behavior.②She

to

her

friend

for

forgetting

her

birthday.她写了一封道歉信给她的朋友，为忘记她的生日而道歉。for

wrote

a

letter

of

apology

写美

一句多译③他意识到自己错了，并真诚地向她道了歉。→He

realized

he

was

wrong

and

⁠.

（apologize）→Realizing

he

was

wrong，

he

⁠

.（apology）sincerely

apologized

to

her

made/offered

a

sincere

apology

to

her

用法apologize

to

sb

for

（doing）

sth因（做）某事向某人道歉make/offer

an

apology

to

sb

for

（doing）

sth

因（做）某事向某人

道歉佳句

It

takes

courage

to

admit

your

mistakes

and

make

a

genuine

apology，

but

it’s

a

crucial

step

in

mending

a

broken

relationship.

（主

旨升华）承认错误并真诚道歉需要勇气，但这是修复一段破裂关系的关键

一步。积累

a

sincere/formal

apology真诚的/正式的道歉owe

sb

an

apology欠某人一个道歉

on

good

terms

with

与……关系良好练通

完成句子①While

giving

up

junk

food

might

be

difficult

，

sticking

to

a

healthy

diet

will

improve

your

physical

well-being

⁠

⁠.虽然短期内放弃垃圾食品可能很困难，但从长远来看，坚持健康饮食

能改善你的身体健康。in

the

short

term

in

the

long

term

写美

微写作②Busy

as

we

are，

we

still

⁠

our

neighbors.

（社区生活）尽管我们很忙，但我们仍然努力与邻居保持良好关系。make

an

effort

to

be

on

good

terms

with

用法on

bad

terms

with

与……关系不好in

the

long

term

从长远来看in

the

short

term

从短期来看in

terms

of

就……而言；从……角度来看；就……方面而言佳句

①Despite

living

in

different

cities，

my

best

friend

and

I

have

remained

on

good

terms

with

each

other

for

years.尽管住在不同的城

市，我和我最好的朋友多年来一直保持着良好的关系。②He

stood

out

in

terms

of

competence

from

all

his

fellows.他在能力方

面比他所有同事都突出。

写作靓词——读后续写小妙招fade

vi.&

vt.逐渐消失；（使）褪色；（身体）变得虚弱佳句背诵①The

smile

on

her

face

gradually

faded，

replaced

by

a

look

of

sadness

as

she

recalled

the

painful

memory.（情感描写）当她回想起那段痛苦的回忆时，她脸上的笑容渐渐褪去，取而代之的

是一脸悲伤。②Waving

her

hand

hard，

Mary

watched

her

best

friend’s

train

fade

from

view.玛丽用力挥手，看着挚友的火车从视野中渐渐消失。③The

moment

I

stepped

onto

the

stage

and

began

my

performance，

all

my

fears

faded.As

the

last

note

faded，

the

audience’s

applause

and

cheers

arose.（场景描写＋情感变化）当我走上舞台开始表演的那一刻，我所有的恐惧都消失了。随着最后

一个音符的消失，观众的掌声和欢呼声响起来。靓句写作

The

excitement

in

the

children’s

eyes

⁠

when

they

learned

the

trip

was

canceled.（情感变化）当孩子们得知旅行取消时，他们眼中的兴奋如同落日般渐渐消逝。faded

like

the

setting

sun

敲黑板

①fade

away

逐渐消失；慢慢褪去②fade

from

view/sight

从视野中渐渐消失写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写

句型公式：倒装句：Only＋时间副词/介词短语/（when/if引导的）

状语从句＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＋谓语＋宾语点拨当Only修饰状语（副词、介词短语或状语从句）并置于句首以示

强调时，主句需要部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主

语之前。背诵

Only

through

persistent

effort

can

we

truly

achieve

our

long-term

goals.

（个人努力）只有通过不懈的努力，我们才能真正实现我们的长远目标。仿写

①只有当团队中的每个成员都齐心协力时，我们才能克服挑战并取得

成功。

（团队合作）

⁠

overcome

challenges

and

achieve

success.②直到最近，人们才开始意识到保护个人数据的重要性。

（科技

影响）

the

importance

of

protecting

personal

data.Only

when

every

member

of

the

team

works

together

can

we

Only

recently

have

people

begun

to

realize

句型公式：with复合结构：with＋名词/代词十-ed形式点拨该结构在句中作状语，表示伴随、原因或条件。其中-ed形式

（过去分词）与其前的名词/代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即名词/代

词是-ed形式所表示动作的承受者，表示一种被动的状态。背诵

With

his

eyes

fixed

on

the

screen，

the

student

was

completely

absorbed

in

the

online

lecture.

这个学生双眼紧盯着屏幕，完全沉浸在在线讲座中。仿写

①所有任务都提前完成了，我们终于可以放松下来庆祝我们的成

功了。

，

we

could

finally

relax

and

celebrate

our

success.②这条河被工业废水严重污染，我们不能忽视这场环境危机。

（环境保护）We

can’t

ignore

the

environmental

crisis，

⁠

⁠.With

all

the

tasks

completed

ahead

of

schedule

with

the

river

heavily

polluted

by

industrial

waste

Ⅰ.多义词汇赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思1.

excuseA.

n.借口；理由B.v.原谅C.

v.准许……离开①Please

excuse

my

interruption，

but

I

have

an

urgent

message.

⁠②The

teacher

excused

him

from

the

rest

of

the

class

because

he

felt

unwell.

⁠B

C

③Being

tired

is

not

a

valid

excuse

for

not

finishing

your

homework.

⁠A

2.

guaranteeA.

n.保修单；保证书B.v.保证；确保C.

n.担保物；抵押品①I

can’t

guarantee

that

you

will

get

the

job，

but

you

have

a

good

chance.

⁠②The

new

washing

machine

comes

with

a

five-year

guarantee.

⁠③He

used

his

house

as

a

guarantee

for

the

bank

loan.

⁠

B

A

C

3.

recallA.

v.回想起B.v.召回（产品）

C.

n.记忆力 D.n.召回令①The

manufacturer

issued

a

recall

for

the

faulty

toy.

⁠

②She

tried

to

recall

the

exact

words

he

had

said.

⁠

③As

he

got

older，

his

recall

of

past

events

became

less

clear.

⁠④The

car

company

had

to

recall

thousands

of

vehicles

due

to

a

safety

issue.

⁠D

A

C

B

4.

bowA.

n.鞠躬B.n.船头C.

v.鞠躬D.v.屈服于①In

Japan，

it

is

customary

to

bow

when

they

greet

someone.

⁠

②The

actor

took

a

deep

bow

as

the

audience

applauded.

⁠

③The

small

company

had

to

bow

to

pressure

from

its

larger

competitor

and

lower

its

prices.

⁠④She

stood

at

the

bow

of

the

ship，

feeling

the

sea

spray

on

her

face.

⁠C

A

D

B

Ⅱ.构词法构词法前缀inter-：表示“在……之间”写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义1.

（2025·1月浙江卷）Interlibrary

loan