主题20　对社会有突出贡献的人物

主题20对社会有突出贡献的人物主题概述本主题聚焦各行各业的杰出人物及其突出贡献、领导品

质与成功经历，旨在引导学生学习优秀品质，树立远大

理想，培养领导力和社会责任感，激发为国家和人类进步而奋斗的精神，促进学生形成正确的人生观和价值观对接教材人教版选择性必修第一册UNIT

1

PEOPLE

OF

ACHIEVEMENT；

UNIT

5

WORKING

THE

LAND；选择性必修第二册UNIT

1

SCIENCE

AND

SCIENTISTS译林版必修第三册UNIT

4

Scientists

who

changed

the

world北师大版必修第二册UNIT

6

THE

ADMIRABLE目录CONTENTS主题语基构建主题语基通关主题要点突破主题写作提能主题对接高考主题能力跃升主题语基构建子话题1身份与角色1.

figure

n.人物；身材；数字；图表vt.认为；计算2.

artist

n.艺术家3.

surgeon

n.外科医生surgery

n.外科手术；外科学

主题单词4.

expert

n.专家5.

intellectual

n.知识分子6.

authority

n.权威；专家；当局7.

author

n.作者；作家；著者；发起人8.

astronaut

n.宇航员9.

chief

n.负责人；首领；酋长adj.主要的；首席的10.

premier

n.总理；首相；负责人adj.首要的11.

president

n.总统；国家主席；董事长；总裁；校长12.

innovator

n.创新者13.

inventor

n.发明家14.

editor

n.编辑15.

scholar

n.学者16.

specialist

n.专家17.

giant

n.巨人；伟人；伟大人物18.

legend

n.传奇人物19.

pioneer

n.先驱；开拓者20.

reformer

n.改革家21.

activist

n.活动家；积极分子22.

creator

n.创造者23.

diplomat

n.外交官24.

genius

n.天才25.

statesman

n.政治家26.

successor

n.继承者；接班人27.

queen

n.女王；王后；杰出女性28.

king

n.国王子话题2成就与贡献

1.

achieve

v.取得；实现achievement

n.成就；功绩2.

accomplish

v.完成；实现accomplishment

n.成就3.

victory

n.胜利；成功4.

succeed

v.成功，达到；（事业上）功成名就；

接替success

n.成功successful

adj.成功的successfully

adv.顺利地；成功地5.

mention

n.提及v.谈及；提到6.

benefit

n.利益；好处v.有益于；得益beneficial

adj.有益的7.

excel

v.擅长；突出excellent

adj.杰出的8.

masterpiece

n.杰作子话题3品质与精神1.

brave

adj.勇敢的bravery

n.勇气2.

perseverant

adj.不屈不挠的perseverance

n.毅力3.

persistent

adj.坚持不懈的persistence

n.坚持不懈；执意；持续4.

elderly

adj.年纪较大的；年长的n.老人5.

brilliant

adj.才华横溢的；杰出的6.

intelligence

n.智力，才智intelligent

adj.聪慧的；有才智的；智能的7.

outstanding

adj.杰出的；优秀的8.

renowned

adj.著名的；有声望的9.

popular

adj.流行的；通俗的；普遍的；民众的popularity

n.流行；普及；声望10.

diligent

adj.勤奋的，勤勉的diligence

n.勤奋，勤勉diligently

adv.勤奋地11.

hard-working

adj.努力工作的12.

generous

adj.慷慨的，大方的generosity

n.慷慨，大方generously

adv.慷慨地13.

influence

n.影响influential

adj.有影响力的，有支配力的n.有影响力的人物14.

capable

adj.有能力的；胜任的15.

charm

n.魅力v.吸引charming

adj.令人着迷的；可爱的子话题4评价与影响1.

rate

v.评估；评价；划分等级n.速度；进度；比率rating

n.评级；评分2.

claim

v.声称；认领；赢得；夺去（生命）

n.声称；主张；索赔3.

recognise

vt.认可；承认；认出，识别出recognition

n.认识；识别；承认；赞赏4.

pride

n.自豪；骄傲；自负v.为……感到自豪/骄傲proud

adj.骄傲的，引以为荣的5.

praise

v.称赞；称颂n.称赞6.

prefer

v.较喜欢；喜欢……多于……preference

n.优先权；偏好7.

icon

n.偶像；标志iconic

adj.标志性的8.

immortal

adj.不朽的9.

landmark

n.里程碑；重大事件10.

remember

v.记住；纪念11.

model

n.榜样；模型；模特儿；模式vt.&vi.做模特儿vt.模仿12.

status

n.地位；身份

主题短语1.

make

a

contribution

做贡献2.

stand

out

突出；杰出3.

devote

oneself

to

致力于4.

set

an

example

树立榜样5.

make

a

difference

产生影响6.

live

up

to

不辜负；符合7.

give

rise

to

引起；导致11.

by

accident

偶然，意外地12.

manage

to

do

sth

设法做某事8.

have

a

passion

for

对……有强烈的爱好9.

in

the

process

of

在……的进展中10.

as

to

关于，至于

主题语块1.

have

a

good

reputation

享有盛名2.

pave

the

way

铺平道路3.

lead

the

way

引领道路4.

rise

to

fame

成名5.

receive

high

praise

受到高度赞扬6.

through

trial

and

error

通过反复试验7.

make

outstanding

contributions

做出杰出贡献8.

achieve

great

success

取得巨大成功11.

change

the

course

of

history

改变历史进程12.

serve

as

a

role

model

作为榜样9.

overcome

great

difficulties

克服巨大困难10.

win

international

recognition

赢得国际认可

主题佳句高考必背写作佳句1.

句型公式：及物动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语Living

in

an

information

era，

we

find

it

easy

and

convenient

to

have

access

to

various

English

learning

resources.生活在一个信息时代，我们发现获得各种英语学习资源既容易又

方便。2.

句型公式：What

surprises/worries/

...me/us

is

that

...What

worries

me

is

that

pairing

us

up

randomly

could

result

in

failure

in

oral

improvement，

as

we

are

at

different

levels

of

oral

proficiency.令我担忧的是，随机地将我们配对可能会导致口语进步失败，因为我

们在口语熟练程度上各不相同。主题语基通关基础知识巩固集训（一）默写训练Ⅰ.单词默写1.

n.艺术家2.

n.作者；作家；著者；发起人3.

n.负责人；首领；酋长adj.主要的；首席的4.

n.总统；国家主席；董事长；总裁；校长5.

n.先驱；开拓者6.

n.杰作7.

adj.杰出的；优秀的8.

adj.努力工作的9.

n.榜样；模型；模特儿；模式vt.&vi.做模特儿vt.模仿artist

author

chief

president

pioneer

masterpiece

outstanding

hard-working

model

Ⅱ.派生单词默写1.

accomplish

v.完成；实现

n.成就2.

succeed

v.成功；达到；（事业上）功成名就；接替

n.成功

adj.成功的

adv.顺利地；成功地3.

excel

v.擅长；突出

adj.杰出的accomplishment

success

successful

successfully

excellent

4.

perseverant

adj.不屈不挠的

n.毅力5.

persistent

adj.坚持不懈的

n.坚持不懈；执意；持续6.

diligent

adj.勤奋的，勤勉的

n.勤奋，勤勉

adv.勤奋地7.

generous

adj.慷慨的，大方的

n.慷慨，大方

adv.慷慨地perseverance

persistence

diligence

diligently

generosity

generously

8.

rate

v.评估；评价；划分等级n.速度；进度；比率

n.评级；评分9.

recognise

vt.认可；承认；认出，识别出

n.认识；识别；承认；赞赏10.

prefer

v.较喜欢；喜欢……多于……

n.优先权；偏好rating

recognition

preference

Ⅲ.短语/语块默写1.

做贡献2.

突出；杰出3.

产生影响4.

引起；导致5.

在……的进展中6.

偶然，意外地7.

铺平道路8.

受到高度赞扬9.

取得巨大成功10.

作为榜样make

a

contribution

stand

out

make

a

difference

give

rise

to

in

the

process

of

by

accident

pave

the

way

receive

high

praise

achieve

great

success

serve

as

a

role

model

Ⅳ.主题佳句默写1.

Living

in

an

information

era，

we

⁠

various

English

learning

resources.生活在一个信息时代，我们发现获得各种英语学习资源既容易又

方便。find

it

easy

and

convenient

to

have

access

to

2.

pairing

us

up

randomly

could

result

in

failure

in

oral

improvement，

as

we

are

at

different

levels

of

oral

proficiency.令我担忧的是，随机地将我们配对可能会导致口语进步失败，因为我

们在口语熟练程度上各不相同。What

worries

me

is

that

基础知识巩固集训（二）

语境运用Ⅰ.单词拼写1.

The

survey’s

（数字）

reveal

that

students

spend

an

average

of

three

hours

a

day

on

homework.2.

Researchers

（声称）

that

the

new

drug

is

effective

against

the

virus.3.

We

consulted

a

financial

（专家）

to

plan

our

investments.figures

claim

expert/specialist

4.

He

failed

to

（提到）

the

important

deadline

in

his

email.5.

She

is

（有能力的）

of

solving

complex

equations

in

minutes.6.

The

teacher

（称赞）

the

student

for

her

excellent

presentation

yesterday.mention

capable

praised

Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空1.

After

months

of

dedicated

study，

his

（achieve）

of

top

scores

in

all

subjects

earned

him

a

full

scholarship.2.

After

weeks

of

trial

and

error，

the

new

fertilizer

proved

highly

（benefit）

to

the

crops’rapid

growth.3.

When

the

old

building

caught

fire，

the

firefighter’s

⁠

（brave）

during

the

rescue

operation

saved

several

lives.4.

After

the

novel’s

publication，

its

（popular）

among

readers

of

all

ages

grew

rapidly.5.

After

serving

on

the

council

for

years，

she

became

one

of

the

most

（influence）

figures

in

local

politics.achievement

beneficial

bravery

popularity

influential

Ⅲ.完成句子1.

He

，

advancing

humanity’s

understanding

of

the

universe.他毕生致力于科学研究，推动了人类对宇宙的理解。2.

As

a

social

activist，

she

，

inspiring

them

to

pursue

justice

and

equality.作为社会活动家，她为年轻人树立了榜样，激励他们追求正义与

平等。devoted

himself

to

scientific

research

set

an

example

for

young

people

3.

Since

childhood，

he

and

invented

several

groundbreaking

technologies.自幼他便对科学创新充满热情，并发明了多项开创性技术。4.

She

，

thanks

to

a

series

of

hit

songs，

becoming

a

leading

figure

in

the

pop

music

industry.经过多年的努力，她凭借一系列畅销乐曲迅速成名，成为流行音乐界

的领军人物。5.

The

scientist

cancer

research，

saving

countless

lives.这位科学家在癌症研究领域做出了杰出贡献，挽救了无数生命。had

a

passion

for

scientific

innovation

rose

to

fame

after

years

of

effort

made

outstanding

contributions

to

主题要点突破

figure

n.人物；身材；数字；图表vt.认为；计算练通

单句语法填空①Einstein

is

regarded

as

one

of

the

most

influential

⁠

（figure）

in

the

history

of

science.②I

can’t

figure

how

to

assemble

this

new

desk

my

parents

bought

for

me.figures

out

写美

翻译句子③只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。

（建议信）

⁠

⁠Only

by

means

of

balanced

diets

and

regular

exercises

can

you

keep

your

figure

as

well

as

stay

healthy.用法figure

out

弄清楚；想出；计算出figure

sb/sth

to

be

...

认为某人/某事是……figure

in

包括；考虑到keep

one’s

figure

保持身材figure

for

谋取；企图获得key

figure

关键人物佳句

She

does

regular

exercise

like

jogging

and

yoga，

because

she

wants

to

keep

her

slim

figure.

（人物描写）她进行慢跑和瑜伽等常规锻炼，因为她想保持苗条的身材。

achieve

v.取得；实现→achievement

n.成就；功绩练通

单句语法填空①His

remarkable

（achieve）

in

literature

earned

him

international

recognition.②

（achieve）

your

goals，

you

must

be

willing

to

work

harder

than

others.achievements

To

achieve

写美

微写作③Marie

Curie

and

became

the

first

woman

to

win

a

Nobel

Prize.玛丽·居里在科学研究中取得了巨大的成功，成为第一位获得诺贝尔

奖的女性。④

not

the

medals，

but

the

hope

he

gave

to

countless

people.

（人物介绍）他一生最大的成就不是那些奖牌，而是他给无数人带来的希望。achieved

great

success

in

scientific

research

His

life’s

greatest

achievement

was

用法achieve

one’s

goal/aim/dream

实现目标/理想achieve

success/fame

获得成功/名声remarkable/outstanding

achievement

卓越/杰出的成就sense

of

achievement

成就感佳句

①Nelson

Mandela’s

greatest

achievement

was

bringing

peace

and

equality

to

his

nation.

（人物介绍）纳尔逊·曼德拉最大的成就是为他的国家带来了和平与平等。②The

moment

I

saw

his

achievement

displayed

on

the

wall，

I

felt

an

overwhelming

sense

of

pride.

（动作＋心理描写）当我看到他的成就展示在墙上时，我感到一种巨大的自豪感。

succeed

v.成功；达到；（事业上）功成名就；接替→success

n.成

功→successful

adj.成功的→successfully

adv.顺利地；成功地练通

单句语法填空①The

（succeed）

of

this

great

leader

inspired

a

whole

generation

of

young

people.②Steve

Jobs

was

one

of

the

most

（succeed）

entrepreneurs

in

modern

history.success

successful

写美

微写作③Looking

back，

I

realized

that

his

determination

was

⁠

⁠.回头看，我意识到他的决心是他取得巨大成功的秘诀。the

secret

to

his

remarkable

success

用法succeed

in

doing

sth

成功做某事succeed

to

sth

继承某物succeed

sb

as

...

接替某人担任……佳句

Martin

Luther

King

J.

succeeded

in

changing

the

course

of

civil

rights

history.马丁·路德·金成功地改变了民权史的进程。积累

overnight

success一夜成功achieve

great

success取得巨大成功successful

career成功的事业succeed

against

all

odds逆袭成功

benefit

n.利益；好处v.有益于；得益→beneficial

adj.有益的练通

单句语法填空①Regular

reading

is

highly

（benefit）

to

students’

intellectual

development.②Many

students

have

benefited

the

scholarship

program

established

by

Mr

Smith.③The

government

built

a

new

hospital

the

benefit

of

the

local

community.beneficial

from/by

for

写美

翻译句子④这种做法将有利于提高我们的写作技能。并且我相信所有的学生都

会从这个有趣的活动中受益。

⁠

⁠This

practice

will

benefit/be

beneficial

to/be

of

benefit

to

our

writing

skills.And

I

am

sure

all

the

students

will

benefit

from/by

this

fun

activity.用法benefit

from/by

从……中受益for

the

benefit

of

为了……的利益be

of

benefit

to＝be

beneficial

to

对……有益佳句

The

progress

of

transportation

has

brought

a

lot

of

benefits

to

people’s

life

and

environmental

protection.

（科技发展）交通运输的发展给人们的生活和环境保护带来了很多好处。积累

bring

tremendous

benefits

to

students

为学生带来了巨大的好处benefit

both

physical

and

mental

health对身心健康有益

rate

v.评估；评价；划分等级n.速度；进度；比率→rating

n.评

级；评分练通

单句语法填空①Einstein

is

widely

rated

one

of

the

greatest

scientists

of

all

time.②The

success

（rate）

of

this

surgeon’s

operations

is

remarkably

high.③

this

rate，

the

research

project

will

be

completed

ahead

of

schedule.as

rate

At

写美

微写作④

，

knowing

this

conversation

would

determine

everything.

（动作＋心理描写）当我走向他的办公室时，我感觉心率加快了，我知道这次谈话将决定

一切。I

felt

my

heart

rate

increase

as

I

approached

his

office

用法at

any

rate

无论如何；至少at

this/that

rate

照这种/那种情况rate

...as

...

把……评价为……first-rate

一流的佳句

This

pioneering

scientist

is

rated

as

one

of

the

most

influential

figures

in

modern

medicine.

（人物评价）这位开拓性的科学家被评为现代医学最具影响力的人物之一。积累

success

rate成功率at

a

rapid

rate快速地

recognise

vt.认可；承认；认出，识别出→recognition

n.认识；识

别；承认；赞赏练通

单句语法填空①It

is

recognised

his

early

paintings

reveal

a

genius

that

was

far

ahead

of

his

time.②The

old

town

has

been

changed

recognition，

with

modern

skyscrapers

replacing

the

historic

houses.that

beyond

写美

微写作③The

moment

I

saw

him，

I

⁠

⁠.我一看到他，就认出了他眼中的决心。recognised

the

determination

in

his

eyes

用法recognise

sb/sth

as

...

承认某人/某物是……It

is

recognised

that

...

人们公认……gain/win

recognition

获得认可in

recognition

of

为表彰……beyond

recognition

面目全非佳句

Marie

Curie’s

achievements

finally

gained

the

recognition

they

deserved

in

the

scientific

community.（人物介绍）玛丽·居里的成就最终在科学界获得了应有的认可。

prefer

v.较喜欢；喜欢……多于……→preference

n.优先权；偏好练通

单句语法填空①Most

young

people

show

a

（prefer）

for

modern

heroes

over

historical

figures.②I

would

prefer

（write）

about

contemporary

leaders

rather

than

ancient

ones.preference

to

write

写美

一句多译③我们应该更倾向于创作有意义的内容，而不是盲目地跟随一些愚蠢

的趋势。→We

should

⁠

some

silly

trends.→We

should

⁠

some

silly

trends.prefer

creating

meaningful

content

to

blindly

following

prefer

to

create

meaningful

content

rather

than

blindly

follow

用法佳句

As

a

creative

student，

she

always

preferred

the

freedom

of

art

class

to

rigid

mathematics.作为一名富有创造力的学生，她总是更喜欢美术课的自由，而非刻板

的数学。积累

personal

preference个人偏好state

one’s

preference表明偏好without

preference无偏好地

give

rise

to

引起；导致练通

用give的相关短语填空①Near

the

final

lap

in

the

relay

race，Jane

felt

her

energy

，

but

she

refused

to

⁠.②With

the

arrival

of

the

autumn，the

summer

heat

gradually

⁠

cool

air

and

fresh

breezes.give

out

give

in

gives

way

to

写美

微写作③My

selfish

behavior

⁠.我的自私行为引发了我们之间的紧张关系。had

given

rise

to

tension

between

us

用法give

way

to

让步于；屈服于；被……取代give

in

屈服；让步give

up

放弃give

out

分发；用完；发出give

away

赠送；泄露give

back

归还give

off

发出（气味等）佳句

The

misunderstanding

had

given

rise

to

years

of

silence

between

the

two

brothers.这种误解导致了两兄弟之间多年的沉默。

写作靓词——读后续写小妙招bend

vt.

&

vi.

（bent，

bent）（使）弯曲；倾斜；偏向，用于描写肢

体动作佳句背诵Having

realized

her

mistake，

she

bent

her

head，

ashamed.意识到自己的错误，她羞愧地低下头。他弯下腰与他的老朋友拥抱道别。然后他直起身，抱了抱他的父母，

微笑起来，尽量不让自己情绪失控。靓句写作

He

goodbye.Hethen

straightenedup，huggedhisparents，andsmiled，tryingnottolethis

emotionsgetthebetterofhim.bent

down

to

hug

his

old

friend

敲黑板

①bend

down

弯腰；俯身②bend

one’s

knees/back

弯曲膝盖/背部写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写

句型公式：及物动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语点拨当不定式、动名词或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it

作形式宾语，将真正的宾语后置。常见结构为“动词＋it＋形容词/名

词＋to

do/doing/that从句”。常用动词有find，

make，

think，

consider，

feel等。①I

find

it

rewarding

to

participate

in

volunteer

activities

during

weekends.

（社会实践）我发现周末参加志愿活动很有意义。②The

teacher

made

it

clear

that

we

should

hand

in

our

assignments

before

Friday.

（学校生活）老师明确表示我们应该在周五之前交作业。背诵仿写

①我们都认为与来自不同文化背景的学生交流是很有价值的。We

all

from

different

cultural

backgrounds.②校长强调保持学习与休息之间的平衡是很重要的。The

principal

⁠

⁠.consider

it

valuable

to

communicate

with

students

emphasized

it

important

to

maintain

a

balance

between

study

and

rest

句型公式：What

surprises/worries/

...me/us

is

that

...点拨

What引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”；

that引导表语从句，说明具体内容。该句型常用来表达对某种现象或

情况的感受、看法。常用动词还有amazes，

disappoints，

impresses，

concerns等。②What

worries

parents

nowadays

is

that

children

spend

too

much

time

on

electronic

devices.

（社会现象）现在让家长担心的是孩子们在电子设备上花费太多时间。背诵①What

impresses

me

most

is

that

she

never

gives

up

despite

facing

numerous

challenges.

（个人品质）最让我印象深刻的是，尽管面临诸多挑战，她从不放弃。仿写

①最让我们惊讶的是，这个偏远山区的学校竟然有如此先进的教

学设备。

the

school

in

this

remote

mountainous

area

has

such

advanced

teaching

facilities.②让老师们感到欣慰的是，学生们在家期间仍然保持着积极的学

习态度。

students

maintained

a

positive

learning

attitude

during

their

stay

at

home.What

surprises

us

most

is

that

What

comforted

the

teachers

was

that

Ⅰ.多义词汇赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思1.

figureA.

n.人物 B.n.身材C.

n.数字D.

n.图表E.

vt.认为

F.

vt.计算①She

has

an

elegant

figure

and

always

dresses

fashionably

for

special

occasions.

⁠B

②The

sales

figure

for

this

quarter

exceeded

our

expectations

by

twenty

percent.

⁠③Nelson

Mandela

is

regarded

as

one

of

the

most

important

political

figures

in

history.

⁠④I

need

to

figure

out

how

much

money

I

will

need

for

my

college

tuition.

⁠⑤The

teacher

used

a

clear

figure

to

explain

the

complex

mathematical

concept

to

students.

⁠⑥I

figure

that

we

should

leave

early

to

avoid

the

heavy

traffic

during

rush

hour.

⁠C

A

F

D

E

2.

chiefA.

n.负责人；首领 B.n.酋长C.

adj.主要的

D.adj.首席的①The

chief

reason

for

his

success

is

his

dedication

and

hard

work

over

the

years.

⁠②She

was

appointed

as

the

chief

financial

officer

of

the

multinational

corporation

last

month.

⁠③The

fire

chief

organized

an

emergency

meeting

to

discuss

the

new

safety

protocols.

⁠④The

tribal（部落的）

chief

welcomed

the

visitors

with

traditional

songs

and

dances

in

the

village.

⁠C

D

A

B

3.

claimA.

v.声称

B.v.认领

C.

v.赢得D.

v.夺去（生命）

E.

n.声称；主张F.

n.索赔①The

athlete

claimed

victory

in

the

championship

after

months

of

intensive

training

and

preparation.

⁠②She

claimed

that

she

had

never

seen

the

missing

documents

before

the

investigation

began.

⁠③The

insurance

company

is

processing

his

claim

for

the

damages

caused

by

the

recent

flood.

⁠C

A

F

④You

can

claim

your

lost

luggage

at

the

airport’s

lost

and

found

department.

⁠⑤His

claim

about