2025-2026年江西省苏教版九年级英语第12章课后练习题

2025-2026年江西省苏教版九年级英语第12章课后练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit12,whatisthemainreasonwhymanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?A.Becausesciencesubjectsareeasierthanothersubjects.B.Becausesciencesubjectscanhelpthemunderstandtheworldbetter.C.Becausesciencesubjectsaremoreinterestingthanartsubjects.D.Becausesciencesubjectshavemorejobopportunitiesinthefuture.解析：本题考查学生对单元12中关于科学学科重要性的理解。根据课文内容，作者强调科学学科能帮助学生更好地理解世界，因此B选项正确。A选项错误，文中未提及科学学科比其他学科容易；C选项错误，文中未比较科学与艺术学科的兴趣；D选项错误，文中未直接说明就业机会更多，而是强调认知价值。干扰项设计上，A选项利用“容易”这一常见误解，C选项利用学科对比的常见话题，D选项利用“就业机会”这一常见延伸，均符合易错点设计要求。2.Intheunit12readingpassage,howdoestheauthordescribetheroleofscientistsinsolvingenvironmentalproblems?A.Scientistsareonlyresponsiblefordoingexperimentsinlaboratories.B.Scientistsaretheonlyoneswhocansolveenvironmentalproblems.C.Scientistsworkwithgovernmentsandcommunitiestofindsolutions.D.Scientistsignoreenvironmentalproblemsbecausetheyaretoocomplex.解析：本题考查学生对科学家角色认知的细节理解。文中明确提到科学家与政府、社区合作解决环境问题，因此C选项正确。A选项错误，科学家的工作不仅限于实验室；B选项错误，文中强调多方合作而非科学家独力解决；D选项错误，文中强调科学家致力于解决问题。干扰项设计上，A选项利用“实验室”这一具体场景限制，B选项利用“唯一”这一绝对化表述，D选项利用“太复杂”这一常见推论，均符合易错点设计要求。3.Accordingtotheunit12grammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.ThestudentswillfinishtheprojectbynextFriday.B.TheprojectwillbefinishedbythestudentsnextFriday.C.Theprojectisfinishedbythestudentstoday.D.Thestudentsfinishtheprojectnextweek.解析：本题考查学生对被动语态用法的掌握。被动语态结构为“be动词+过去分词”，且动作执行者用“by+执行者”，因此B选项正确。A选项为主动语态，C选项时态错误（应为一般现在时），D选项时态错误（应为一般现在时）。干扰项设计上，A选项利用主动语态的常见形式，C选项利用时态错误，D选项利用一般现在时态，均符合易错点设计要求。4.Intheunit12writingtask,whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirlettertoascientist?A.Onlypersonalinformationaboutthemselves.B.Onlyquestionsaboutscienceexperiments.C.Personalquestionsandreasonsforwriting.D.Onlyopinionsaboutsciencesubjects.解析：本题考查学生对写作任务要求的理解。文中明确建议学生在信中既提问又说明写信原因，因此C选项正确。A选项错误，缺少科学相关内容；B选项错误，应包含更多内容；D选项错误，应包含提问而非仅观点。干扰项设计上，A选项利用“个人信息”这一常见遗漏点，B选项利用“实验”这一具体化限制，D选项利用“观点”这一常见误解，均符合易错点设计要求。5.Accordingtotheunit12vocabularylist,whatisthebesttranslationfor"bysterious"?A.明亮的B.可怕的C.有趣的D.难以理解的解析：本题考查学生对词汇意义的掌握。根据单元12词汇表，"bysterious"应为拼写错误，正确词为"mysterious"，意为“难以理解的”，因此D选项正确。A选项“明亮的”与词义无关；B选项“可怕的”与词义无关；C选项“有趣的”与词义无关。干扰项设计上，均利用常见形容词的中文对应，但与词义无关，符合易错点设计要求。6.Intheunit12speakingactivity,whatshouldstudentsdowhentheydisagreewiththeirpartner?A.Alwayssay"Idon'tknow"toavoidarguments.B.Onlyargueuntilonepersonwins.C.Explaintheirownideasandlistentotheirpartner'sideas.D.Immediatelychangetheirownideastoagreewiththeirpartner.解析：本题考查学生对口语活动技能的掌握。文中建议在意见不合时双方应解释并倾听，因此C选项正确。A选项错误，应表达观点；B选项错误，应理性讨论；D选项错误，应尊重差异。干扰项设计上，A选项利用“不知道”这一常见回避策略，B选项利用“输赢”这一竞争性思维，D选项利用“立即改变”这一冲动行为，均符合易错点设计要求。7.Accordingtotheunit12readingpassage,whydoesthescientistinthestorysay"scienceisforeveryone"?A.Becausesciencesubjectsareeasyforeveryonetolearn.B.Becausesciencecanhelpsolveproblemsforallpeople.C.Becausescientistsarefromallovertheworld.D.Becausesciencesubjectsareonlyforboys.解析：本题考查学生对文本主旨的深层理解。文中科学家强调科学能帮助所有人解决问题，因此B选项正确。A选项错误，科学并非易学；C选项错误，国籍与主题无关；D选项错误，科学面向所有人。干扰项设计上，A选项利用“容易”这一常见误解，C选项利用“国籍”这一无关信息，D选项利用“性别”这一常见偏见，均符合易错点设计要求。8.Intheunit12grammarexercise,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthefuturecontinuoustense?A.Shewillwritealettertomorrow.B.Shewillbewritingalettertomorrow.C.Shewritesalettertomorrow.D.Sheiswritingalettertomorrow.解析：本题考查学生对将来进行时用法的掌握。将来进行时结构为“willbe+doing”，因此B选项正确。A选项为一般将来时，C选项为一般现在时，D选项为现在进行时。干扰项设计上，A选项利用一般将来时，C选项利用一般现在时，D选项利用现在进行时，均符合易错点设计要求。9.Accordingtotheunit12vocabularylist,whatisthebesttranslationfor"experiment"?A.实验B.教室C.书本D.学生解析：本题考查学生对词汇意义的掌握。根据单元12词汇表，"experiment"意为“实验”，因此A选项正确。B选项“教室”与词义无关；C选项“书本”与词义无关；D选项“学生”与词义无关。干扰项设计上，均利用常见名词的中文对应，但与词义无关，符合易错点设计要求。10.Intheunit12speakingactivity,howshouldstudentsstartaconversationwithascientist?A.Immediatelyaskdifficultquestions.B.Onlytalkaboutsciencesubjects.C.Greetpolitelyandintroducethemselves.D.Askpersonalquestionsfirst.解析：本题考查学生对口语活动礼仪的掌握。文中建议先礼貌问候并自我介绍，因此C选项正确。A选项错误，应先建立联系；B选项错误，应先寒暄；D选项错误，应先科学相关话题。干扰项设计上，A选项利用“难题”这一常见冒进行为，B选项利用“科学”这一具体化限制，D选项利用“私人问题”这一常见失礼行为，均符合易错点设计要求。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Accordingtotheunit12passage,scientistsoftenworkinteamsto______problemsbecauseindividualeffortsmaynotbeenough.2.Theunit12grammarsectionexplainsthatthepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhenthe______oftheactionisunknownorunimportant.3.Intheunit12writingtask,studentsareaskedtowritealettertoascientist,andtheyshouldincludeatleastthree______questions.4.Theunit12vocabularylistdefines"mysterious"as______,whichmeanssomethingisdifficulttounderstandorexplain.5.Accordingtotheunit12readingpassage,thescientistinthestorysays,"Scienceisfor______becauseitcanhelpeveryoneinmanyways."6.Theunit12speakingactivitysuggeststhatwhenstudentsdisagreewiththeirpartner,theyshould______theirownideasandlistentotheirpartner'sideas.7.Theunit12grammarexerciseincludesthefuturecontinuoustense,whichisusedtodescribeanactionthatwill______ataspecifictimeinthefuture.8.Accordingtotheunit12vocabularylist,"bysterious"isaspellingmistake,andthecorrectwordis______,meaning"difficulttounderstand."9.Intheunit12speakingactivity,studentsshouldstartaconversationwithascientistby______andintroducingthemselvespolitely.10.Theunit12readingpassagementionsthatmanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjectsbecausetheywantto______theworldbetter.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtotheunit12passage,scientistsonlyworkinlaboratoriesanddonotinteractwiththepublic.(×)解析：文中提到科学家与政府、社区合作，并非仅限于实验室，因此错误。2.Theunit12grammarsectionstatesthatthepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.(×)解析：文中未比较两者形式正式程度，仅说明使用场景，因此错误。3.Intheunit12writingtask,studentsshouldonlywriteaboutsciencesubjectsintheirlettertoascientist.(×)解析：文中建议包含个人问题及原因，并非仅科学相关，因此错误。4.Theunit12vocabularylistdefines"mysterious"as"bright,"whichmeanssomethingisveryshiny.(×)解析：文中未提及此定义，正确词义为“难以理解的”，因此错误。5.Accordingtotheunit12readingpassage,thescientistinthestorysays,"Scienceisonlyforboysbecauseitisdifficult."(×)解析：文中强调科学面向所有人，并非仅男孩且因难，因此错误。6.Theunit12speakingactivitysuggeststhatstudentsshouldalwaysargueuntilonepersonwins.(×)解析：文中建议理性讨论而非竞争，因此错误。7.Theunit12grammarexerciseincludesthefuturecontinuoustense,whichisusedtodescribeahabitinthefuture.(×)解析：将来进行时描述未来特定时间的动作，非习惯，因此错误。8.Accordingtotheunit12vocabularylist,"bysterious"isthecorrectspellingof"mysterious."(×)解析：文中指出为拼写错误，正确为“mysterious”，因此错误。9.Intheunit12speakingactivity,studentsshouldstartaconversationwithascientistbyaskingpersonalquestionsfirst.(×)解析：文中建议先礼貌问候并自我介绍，而非私人问题，因此错误。10.Theunit12readingpassagementionsthatmanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjectsbecausetheywanttounderstandtheworldbetter.(√)解析：文中明确提及此原因，因此正确。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit12passage,whatarethreereasonswhymanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?参考答案：（1）Sciencesubjectscanhelpstudentsunderstandtheworldbetter.（2）Sciencesubjectsareinterestingandchallenging.（3）Sciencesubjectshavemanyjobopportunitiesinthefuture.解析：本题考查学生对文本细节的归纳能力。文中明确提及三个原因，需准确列举。2.Theunit12grammarsectionexplainsthepassivevoice.Howisthepassivevoicedifferentfromtheactivevoice?参考答案：Passivevoicefocusesonthereceiveroftheaction,whileactivevoicefocusesonthedoer.Forexample,"Theletterwaswrittenbythestudents"(passive)vs."Thestudentswrotetheletter"(active).解析：本题考查学生对语法知识的对比理解。需准确描述两者区别并举例说明。3.Intheunit12writingtask,whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirlettertoascientist?参考答案：Studentsshouldincludepersonalquestions,reasonsforwriting,andpolitelanguage.Forexample,"DearProfessorLee,Iamwritingtoaskaboutyourresearchonclimatechange."解析：本题考查学生对写作任务要求的理解。需准确列举内容并举例说明。4.Theunit12vocabularylistincludestheword"mysterious."Whatisanotherwordthatmeansthesamething?参考答案：Anotherwordfor"mysterious"is"unexplained,"whichalsomeanssomethingisdifficulttounderstandorexplain.解析：本题考查学生对词汇同义替换的掌握。需准确列举同义词并解释。5.Accordingtotheunit12readingpassage,whydoesthescientistinthestorysay"scienceisforeveryone"?参考答案：Thescientistsays"scienceisforeveryone"becausesciencecanhelpsolveproblemsforallpeople,regardlessoftheirbackground.解析：本题考查学生对文本主旨的深层理解。需准确解释科学家观点并举例说明。6.Intheunit12speakingactivity,whatshouldstudentsdowhentheydisagreewiththeirpartner?参考答案：Studentsshouldexplaintheirownideascalmlyandlistentotheirpartner'sideas.Forexample,"Iseeyourpoint,butIthink..."解析：本题考查学生对口语活动技能的掌握。需准确描述应对方式并举例说明。7.Theunit12grammarexerciseincludesthefuturecontinuoustense.Whenisthistenseused?参考答案：Thefuturecontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillbeinprogressataspecifictimeinthefuture.Forexample,"Iwillbestudyingat8PMtonight."解析：本题考查学生对语法知识的应用理解。需准确描述用法并举例说明。8.Accordingtotheunit12vocabularylist,whatisthebesttranslationfor"experiment"?参考答案：Thebesttranslationfor"experiment"is"实验,"whichmeanstotrysomethingtoseewhathappens.解析：本题考查学生对词汇意义的掌握。需准确翻译并解释词义。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)usingthepassivevoicetodescribeascienceexperiment.参考答案：Theexperimentwasconductedinthelaboratoryyesterday.Thechemicalsweremixedbythestudents.Thetemperaturewasmeasuredcarefully.Theresultswererecordedinanotebook.Theexperimentwassuccessful.解析：本题考查学生对被动语态的应用能力。需准确使用被动语态描述实验过程。2.Writeashortletter(5sentences)toascientistaskingabouttheirresearch.参考答案：DearProfessorWang,Iamwritingtoaskaboutyourresearchonrenewableenergy.Iaminterestedinhowsolarpanelswork.Couldyouexplainyourlatestfindings?Thankyouforyourtime.Bestregards,LiHua.解析：本题考查学生对写作任务的应用能力。需准确使用礼貌语言并包含科学相关内容。3.Completethefollowingconversationbetweenastudentandascientist.(Fillin3blanks)Student:Hi,Iaminterestedinyourresearchonclimatechange.______?Scientist:Yes,Iamstudyinghowtemperaturechangesaffectpolarice.______?Student:Ithinkitisimportanttoreducepollution.______.参考答案：Student:Hi,Iaminterestedinyourresearchonclimatechange.Couldyoutellmemoreaboutit?Scientist:Yes,Iamstudyinghowtemperaturechangesaffectpolarice.Whatdoyouthinkwecando?Student:Ithinkitisimportanttoreducepollution.Weshouldusemorerenewableenergy.解析：本题考查学生对口语活动技能的应用能力。需准确使用礼貌语言并包含科学相关内容。4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthefuturecontinuoustense:"Shewillwritealettertomorrow."参考答案：Shewillbewritingalettertomorrow.解析：本题考查学生对语法知识的应用能力。需准确使用将来进行时改写句子。5.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglishusingthepassivevoice:"科学家们正在研究新的治疗方法。"参考答案：Newtreatmentsarebeingresearchedbyscientists.解析：本题考查学生对语法知识的应用能力。需准确使用被动语态翻译句子。6.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)usingatleastthreewordsfromtheunit12vocabularylist.参考答案：Thescientist'sresearchwasverymysterious.Manypeoplewereinterestedinherfindings.Theexperimentwasconductedinasecretlab.Theresultsweresurprisingandunexplained.Scientistsworkedhardtosolvetheproblem.解析：本题考查学生对词汇应用能力。需准确使用至少三个单元词汇并连贯成文。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.B4.C5.D6.C7.B8.B9.A10.C二、填空题1.solve2.subject3.scientific4.difficulttounderstand5.everyone6.explaining7.happening8.mysterious9.greeting10.understand三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.×5.×6.×7.×8.×9.×10.√四、简答题1.（1）Sciencesubjectscanhelpstudentsunderstandtheworldbetter.（2）Sciencesubjectsareinterestingandchallenging.（3）Sciencesubjectshavemanyjobopportunitiesinthefuture.2.Passivevoicefocusesonthereceiveroftheaction,whileactivevoicefocusesonthedoer.Forexample,"Theletterwaswrittenbythestudents"(passive)vs."Thestudentswrotetheletter"(active).3.Studentsshouldincludepersonalquestions,reasonsforwriting,andpolitelanguage.Forexample,"DearProfessorLee,Iamwritingtoaskaboutyourresearchonclimatechange."4.Anotherwordfor"mysterious"is"unexplained,"whichalsomeanssomethingisdifficulttounderstandorexplain.5.Thescientistsays"scienceisforeveryone"becausesciencecanhelpsolveproblemsforallpeople,regardlessoftheirbackground.6