2025-2026年重庆市北师大版高一英语必修一第十章课后练习题

2025-2026年重庆市北师大版高一英语必修一第十章课后练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Intheunit10readingpassage,whydoestheauthormentionthesmalltownofWillowCreekasanexampleofsustainabledevelopment?Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheprimarypurposeofthisexample?A.Tocriticizethelackofgovernmentsupportforeco-friendlyprojectsinruralareas.B.Tohighlighthowcommunitycooperationcanleadtosuccessfulenvironmentalinitiatives.C.Tocomparetheeconomicbenefitsofurbanfarmingwithtraditionalagriculture.D.Toarguethatsmall-scaleprojectsarealwaysmoreeffectivethanlargeones.2.Afterreadingtheunit10grammarsectiononpassivevoice,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetodescribetheexperimentconductedbythescientists?A.Thestudentsperformedtheexperimentyesterday.B.Theexperimentwasperformedbythestudentsyesterday.C.Wewillperformtheexperimentnextweek.D.Theexperimentisbeingperformedbythestudentsnow.3.Intheunit10listeningexercise,whentheintervieweraskstheenvironmentalistaboutthechallengesofrecycling,whichresponsebestdemonstratestheuseofmodality(e.g.,"might,""could,""should")?A."Recyclingisalwaysdifficultbecausefactoriesdon’twanttochange."B."Recyclingcouldbeeasierifpeopleweremoreresponsible."C."Recyclingshouldbemandatoryineverycountry."D."Recyclingisimpossiblewithoutgovernmentfunding."4.Accordingtotheunit10vocabularylist,whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:"Thenewpolicyaimsto______wasteproductionbyencouragingreusableproducts."A.increaseB.reduceC.preserveD.eliminate5.Intheunit10speakingactivity,whendiscussingthetopic"ProtectingEndangeredSpecies,"whichstatementmosteffectivelyusesarhetoricalquestiontoengagetheaudience?A."Endangeredspeciesareimportant,butwhyshouldwecare?"B."Weshouldprotectendangeredspeciesbecausetheyarecute."C."Endangeredspeciesaredisappearing;isn’titourresponsibilitytosavethem?"D."Endangeredspeciesarerare,sotheydon’taffectourdailylives."6.Theunit10writingtaskasksstudentstowritealettertoalocalnewspaperabouttheimportanceofwaterconservation.Whichopeningsentencebestintroducesthetopic?A."DearEditor,Ilovetoswimintheriver."B."Totheeditor,waterisimportant."C."DearEditor,Iamwritingtoremindeveryonethatwaterconservationiscriticalforourfuture."D."DearEditor,Ithinkwaterisboring."7.Intheunit10readingpassageaboutclimatechange,whichsentencecontainsadirectquotefromaclimatescientist?A."Manyexpertsbelievethatglobalwarmingiscausedbyhumanactivities."B."Accordingtoastudy,theEarth’stemperaturehasrisenby1.2degreesCelsius."C."Dr.Smithsaid,'Theconsequencesofinactionareunthinkable.'"D."Climatechangeisaseriousissuethatneedsimmediateattention."8.Theunit10grammarexerciseincludesasentencewithamisplacedmodifier:"Runningquickly,thebuswasmissedbythestudent."Whichcorrectioncorrectlyfixestheerror?A."Runningquickly,thebusmissedthestudent."B."Thestudent,runningquickly,missedthebus."C."Thebuswasmissedbythestudentrunningquickly."D."Thestudentmissedthebuswhilerunningquickly."9.Intheunit10listeningpassage,atouristasksfordirectionstothenearestmuseum.Whichresponsebestusesthesecondconditionaltodescribeahypotheticalsituation?A."Ifyoutaketheleftatthetrafficlight,youwillseethemuseum."B."Youshouldaskthepoliceforhelp."C."Ifyouhadtakentherightearlier,youwouldhavefoundit."D."Themuseumisonthethirdstreet."10.Theunit10vocabularyexerciseincludestheword"sustainable."Whichsentencebestdefinestheterminthecontextofenvironmentalprotection?A."Sustainablemeansusingresourcesinawaythatharmstheplanet."B."Sustainablemeansusingresourcesforeverwithoutlimits."C."Sustainablemeansusingresourcesinawaythatmeetscurrentneedswithoutcompromisingfuturegenerations."D."Sustainablemeansavoidingallformsofpollution."二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Intheunit10readingpassage,theauthorarguesthatsustainablecities______energyefficientlytoreducecarbonemissions.2.Theunit10grammarsectionexplainsthatthepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhenthe______oftheactionisunknownorunimportant.3.Accordingtotheunit10listeningexercise,theenvironmentalistsuggeststhatrecycling______moreaccessibleinschoolstoencourageparticipation.4.Theunit10vocabularylistdefines"biodiversity"asthevarietyoflifeinaparticularhabitatorecosystem.Forexample,theAmazonrainforesthashigh______.5.Intheunit10speakingactivity,astudentusesthephrase"It’snotjustaboutplantingtrees;it’saboutchangingour______"toemphasizebroaderenvironmentalresponsibility.6.Theunit10writingtaskrequiresstudentstowritealettertotheirlocalgovernment,suggestingwaysto______plasticwasteinthecommunity.7.Intheunit10readingpassageaboutclimatechange,thescientistwarnsthatifglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise,polaricecaps______atanalarmingrate.8.Theunit10grammarexerciseincludesasentencewithadanglingmodifier:"Havingfinishedthehomework,theTVwasturnedon."Tocorrectit,thesentenceshouldberewrittenas:______.9.Intheunit10listeningpassage,atouristasksfordirectionstothemuseum.Theshopkeeperresponds:"Youcan’tmissit;it’sjust______thepark."10.Theunit10vocabularyexerciseincludestheword"conservation."Asentenceusingthetermcorrectlyis:"Toprotectendangeredspecies,wemustpracticewildlife______."三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit10readingpassagesuggeststhatlargecorporationsarethemainobstacletosustainabledevelopment.Trueorfalse?2.Theunit10grammarsectionexplainsthatthepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.Trueorfalse?3.Accordingtotheunit10listeningexercise,theenvironmentalistbelievesthatindividualactionshavenoimpactonenvironmentalproblems.Trueorfalse?4.Theunit10vocabularylistdefines"sustainable"asmeaningsomethingthatlastsforeverwithoutanynegativeeffects.Trueorfalse?5.Intheunit10speakingactivity,usingarhetoricalquestionisaneffectivewaytoengagetheaudienceandmakethemthinkcritically.Trueorfalse?6.Theunit10writingtaskasksstudentstowriteaformallettertoalocalnewspaper,sotheyshouldusecontractions(e.g.,"don’t,""it’s").Trueorfalse?7.Intheunit10readingpassageaboutclimatechange,thescientistmentionsthathumanactivitiesarenotresponsibleforglobalwarming.Trueorfalse?8.Theunit10grammarexerciseincludesasentencewithamisplacedmodifier:"Runningquickly,thebuswasmissedbythestudent."Thissentenceisgrammaticallycorrect.Trueorfalse?9.Intheunit10listeningpassage,atouristasksfordirectionstothemuseum.Theshopkeeper’sresponseshouldbeasdetailedaspossibletoavoidconfusion.Trueorfalse?10.Theunit10vocabularyexerciseincludestheword"conservation."Asentenceusingthetermcorrectlyis:"Conservationmeansusingresourcesasquicklyaspossible."Trueorfalse?四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit10readingpassage,whatarethreekeybenefitsofsustainablecities?2.Explainthedifferencebetweentheactivevoiceandthepassivevoiceinyourownwords.3.Basedontheunit10listeningexercise,whataretwochallengesofrecycling,andhowcantheybeaddressed?4.Define"biodiversity"andgiveanexampleofhowitisimportantforanecosystem.5.Intheunit10speakingactivity,howcanyouusearhetoricalquestiontomakeyouraudiencemoreinterestedinthetopicofenvironmentalprotection?6.Whatarethreetipsforwritinganeffectivelettertoalocalgovernmentaboutenvironmentalissues?7.Intheunit10readingpassageaboutclimatechange,whatisthescientist’smainconcern,andwhy?8.Howcanyoucorrectasentencewithadanglingmodifier?Provideanexample.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5-7sentences)usingatleastthreevocabularywordsfromtheunit10listtodescribeasustainablecommunity.2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Thestudentscompletedtheexperimentyesterday."3.Imagineyouaretheenvironmentalistintheunit10listeningpassage.Writeashortdialogue(4-5sentences)explainingwhyrecyclingisimportant.4.Usethesecondconditionaltodescribeahypotheticalsituation:"IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldvolunteeratthelocalrecyclingcenter."5.Writeashortparagraph(5-7sentences)explaininghowusingreusablebagscanhelpreduceplasticwaste.6.Correctthefollowingsentencewithamisplacedmodifier:"Havingfinishedtherace,themedalwasawardedtotherunner."7.Writeashortdialogue(4-5sentences)betweenatouristandashopkeeperaskingfordirectionstothemuseum.8.Writeashortparagraph(5-7sentences)usingatleasttwovocabularywordsfromtheunit10listtodescribetheimportanceofprotectingendangeredspecies.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B解析：ThetextmentionsWillowCreekasanexampleofsuccessfulcommunitycooperationinsustainabledevelopment,highlightinghowsmalltownscanachieveenvironmentalgoalsthroughlocalinitiatives.OptionBbestcapturesthispurpose.2.B解析：Thepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizetheactionratherthantheperformer."Theexperimentwasperformedbythestudentsyesterday"correctlyshiftsfocustotheexperimentitself.3.B解析：Theuseof"couldbeeasier"demonstratesmodality,indicatingapossibilityorsuggestionratherthanacertainty.4.B解析："Reduce"fitsthecontextofenvironmentalpolicyaimedatminimizingwasteproduction.5.C解析："Endangeredspeciesaredisappearing;isn’titourresponsibilitytosavethem?"engagestheaudiencebyposingamoralquestionabouttheirroleinconservation.6.C解析："DearEditor,Iamwritingtoremindeveryonethatwaterconservationiscriticalforourfuture"clearlyintroducesthetopicandpurposeoftheletter.7.C解析："Dr.Smithsaid,'Theconsequencesofinactionareunthinkable'"isadirectquotefromthescientist.8.D解析："Thestudentmissedthebuswhilerunningquickly"correctlyplacesthemodifier"runningquickly"nexttothesubject"thestudent."9.C解析："Ifyouhadtakentherightearlier,youwouldhavefoundit"usesthesecondconditionaltodescribeahypotheticalpastsituation.10.C解析："Sustainablemeansusingresourcesinawaythatmeetscurrentneedswithoutcompromisingfuturegenerations"isthestandarddefinitionofsustainabilityinenvironmentalcontexts.二、填空题1.efficiently2.performer3.mademoreaccessible4.biodiversity5.behavior6.reduce7.melt8."Havingfinishedthehomework,thestudentturnedontheTV."9.across10.conservation三、判断题1.False解析：Thepassagementionscommunitycooperationasakeyfactor,notlargecorporationsasthemainobstacle.2.False解析：Theactivevoicecanbemoreformalincertaincontexts(e.g.,scientificwriting).3.False解析：Theenvironmentalistemphasizesthatindividualactions,whencombined,canmakeadifference.4.False解析：Sustainabilitymeansusingresourcesresponsiblytomeetcurrentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerations.5.True解析：Rhetoricalquestionsprovokethoughtandengagement,makingthemeffectiveinspeeches.6.False解析：Aformallettershouldavoidcontractionsandusecompletesentences.7.False解析：Thescientistattributesglobalwarmingtohumanactivities.8.False解析："Runningquickly,thebuswasmissedbythestudent"hasadanglingmodifierbecause"runningquickly"doesnotlogicallymodify"thebus."9.True解析：Detaileddirectionshelptouristsavoidconfusion.10.False解析：Conservationmeansusingresourceswiselytominimizewaste,notasquicklyaspossible.四、简答题1.Threebenefitsofsustainablecities:reducedpollution,energyefficiency,andimprovedqualityoflifeforresidents.2.Theactivevoicefocusesonthesubjectperformingtheaction(e.g.,"Thestudentscompletedtheexperiment").Thepassivevoicefocusesontheobjectortheactionitself(e.g.,"Theexperimentwascompletedbythestudents").3.Twochallenges:lowparticipationratesandcontaminationofrecyclables.Solutions:improveaccessibility(e.g.,morebins)andeducatethepublic.4.Biodiversityisthevarietyoflifeinanecosystem.Example:Highbiodiversityincoralreefssupportscomplexfoodwebsandecosystemresilience.5.Arhetoricalquestionlike"Whatifourgrandchildreninheritaplanetwithfewerspecies?"forcestheaudiencetoconsiderthelong-termconsequencesofinaction.6.Tips:beclearandconcise,useformallanguage,statespecificproblems,andproposeactionablesolutions.7.Thescientist’sconcernistherapidmeltingofpolaricecaps,whichcouldleadtorisingsealevelsandextremeweatherevents.8.Tocorrectadanglingmodifier,placethemodifiernexttothesubjectitmodifies(e.g.,"Therunner,havingfinishedtherace,wasawardedthemedal").五、应用题1.Sampleparagraph:"AsustainablecommunitylikeWillowCreekusesrenewableenergysources,reduceswastethroughrecyclingprograms,andpreserveslocalbiodiversity.Byencouraginggreentransportationandenergy-efficientbuildings,suchtownsdemonstratethatenvironmentalresponsibilityandeconomicgrowthcangohandinhand."2.Rewrittensentence:"Theexperimentwascompletedbythestudentsyesterday."3.Sampledia