2025-2026年福建省人教版高三英语第9章阅读理解练习题

2025-2026年福建省人教版高三英语第9章阅读理解练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage,theword"pivotal"isclosestinmeaningto______.A.essentialB.optionalC.rareD.temporary（解析：根据第9章第3节关于全球气候变化的论述，pivotal意为“关键的”，与文中强调温室气体排放对气候系统作用相符。选项B“可选的”与原文逻辑矛盾，选项C“罕见的”与文中数据不符，选项D“暂时的”忽略长期影响，均不正确。）2.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whatisthemainreasonfortheincreaseinsealevels?A.MeltingglaciersaloneB.ThermalexpansionandmeltingiceC.HumanactivitiesonlyD.Naturalclimatecycles（解析：文中第9章第1节明确指出海平面上升由冰川融化（选项A）和海水热膨胀（选项B）共同导致。选项C“人类活动”是间接原因，选项D“自然周期”未提及，故B最准确。）3.Theauthor'stoneinthepassagecanbebestdescribedas______.A.sarcasticB.objectiveC.emotionalD.biased（解析：根据第9章第5节对气候模型的分析，作者通过数据对比（如IPCC报告引用）保持中立，未加入个人情感（选项C）或偏见（选项D），也未使用讽刺语言（选项A），故B“客观的”最符合学术写作规范。）4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"adouble-edgedsword"inthefourthparagraphimply?A.ApositiveeffectonlyB.AnegativeeffectonlyC.BothbenefitsandrisksD.Nosignificantimpact（解析：文中第9章第2节讨论可再生能源发展时，指出其减少碳排放（利）但可能依赖进口资源（弊），故C“利弊并存”最贴切。选项A忽略风险，选项B忽略收益，选项D与文中观点矛盾。）5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTasustainablesolutiontoclimatechange?A.IncreasingforestcoverageB.DevelopingrenewableenergyC.ReducingcarbonemissionsD.Relyingonfossilfuels（解析：第9章第4节明确反对依赖化石燃料（选项D），而其他选项均为文中支持的可持续发展措施。）6.Thepassagesuggeststhatindividualactionscan______.A.completelysolvetheproblemB.haveminimalimpactC.contributetothesolutionD.replacegovernmentpolicies（解析：文中第9章第6节通过举例说明节约用水、绿色出行等行为虽微小但可累积，故C“做出贡献”最符合文意。选项A过于绝对，选项B与文中鼓励态度矛盾，选项D忽略政策主导性。）7.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.TocriticizecurrentclimatepoliciesB.TopersuadereaderstotakeactionC.TopresentscientificdataonclimatechangeD.Tocomparedifferentcountries'efforts（解析：全文围绕第9章核心概念（如温室效应、减排路径）展开，选项C“呈现科学数据”最符合学术性说明文特征。选项A、B、D均未涵盖全文重点。）8.Accordingtothefifthparagraph,whatisthebiggestchallengeinreducingcarbonemissions?A.LackoftechnologyB.HighcostsonlyC.PoliticaldisagreementsD.Publicawareness（解析：文中第9章第3节指出，尽管技术成熟，但政策协调和利益分配是主要障碍（选项C），选项A、B、D均未提及为最大挑战。）9.Thephrase"asilverbullet"inthesixthparagraphrefersto______.A.aninstantsolutionB.atemporaryfixC.anexpensivemethodD.anineffectiveapproach（解析：文中第9章第5节用此比喻批评单一技术（如碳捕捉）无法解决全部问题，故A“速效解决方案”最贴切。）10.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutfutureclimatepolicies?A.TheywillbeineffectiveB.TheywillfocusonlyontechnologyC.TheywillrequireglobalcooperationD.Theywillignoreindividualefforts（解析：全文结尾段落强调多边协议（如巴黎协定）的重要性，故C“需要国际合作”最符合文意。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassagementionsthattheArcticicecaphas______by40%since1980.2.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,themaincauseofglobalwarmingis______emissions.3.TheauthorusestheexampleofGermanytoillustrate______inrenewableenergyadoption.4.Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"suggeststhatrenewableenergyhasboth______and______effects.5.Thepassagestatesthatsealevelsareexpectedtoriseby______metersby2100.6.Theunderlinedword"mitigate"inthefifthparagraphmeans______.7.Theauthorbelievesthatindividualactionscan______theoverallimpactofclimatechange.8.ThepassagementionsthattheKyotoProtocolaimedtoreduce______emissionsby5%below1990levels.9.Thephrase"asilverbullet"referstotheideathat______alonecansolvetheclimatecrisis.10.Thefinalparagraphemphasizestheneedfor______toaddressglobalclimatechallenges.（解析：11."decreased"（根据第9章第1节数据）12."greenhousegas"（文中第9章第2节明确指出CO2等排放是主因）13."successin"（案例说明德国可再生能源政策成效）14."benefits"and"risks"（利弊并存）15."0.5"（文中第9章第4节预测数据）16."reduce"（动词原形，上下文讨论减缓气候影响）17."alleviate"（文中第9章第6节强调微小贡献）18."greenhousegas"（京都议定书核心目标）19."technology"（讽刺单一技术无法根治问题）20."internationalcooperation"（文中结尾段落强调多边主义））三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagesuggeststhatclimatechangeisprimarilycausedbynaturalfactors.2.Accordingtotheauthor,individualeffortstoreducecarbonfootprintareuseless.3.TheKyotoProtocolwassuccessfulinachievingitsemissionreductiongoals.4.Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"impliesthatrenewableenergyhasnosignificantdrawbacks.5.Thepassagementionsthatsealevelswillrisebyatleast1meterby2100.6.Theauthorbelievesthattechnologicalsolutionsalonecansolvetheclimatecrisis.7.ThepassagestatesthattheArcticicecaphasincreasedby40%since1980.8.Thephrase"asilverbullet"suggeststhatrenewableenergyistheperfectsolution.9.Theauthorcriticizescurrentclimatepoliciesforbeingtoostrict.10.Thefinalparagraphemphasizestheneedforgovernmentpoliciestoaddressclimatechange.（解析：11.×（文中第9章第2节明确指出人为排放是主因）12.×（第9章第6节鼓励个人行动）13.×（文中第9章第3节指出未达标）14.×（双刃剑意味着有利有弊）15.×（文中预测为0.5米）16.×（第9章第5节反对单一技术依赖）17.×（应为减少40%）18.×（讽刺单一技术无法解决全部问题）19.×（未提及政策严格性）20.√（结尾段落强调政策主导性））四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.ExplainwhytheArcticicecapisimportantforglobalclimate.2.Whatarethemaincausesofglobalwarmingaccordingtothepassage?3.Describetheconceptof"adouble-edgedsword"asusedinthepassage.4.Whydoestheauthorbelieveindividualactionsmatterinaddressingclimatechange?5.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthermalexpansionandmeltingiceascausesofsealevelrise?6.HowdoesthepassageevaluatetheKyotoProtocol'seffectiveness?7.Whatdoesthephrase"asilverbullet"criticizeinthecontextofclimatesolutions?8.Whydoestheauthoremphasizeinternationalcooperationinthefinalparagraph?（解析：9.参考答案：Arcticicereflectssunlightaway（反射率），helpsregulateglobaltemperature（调节气候），andprovideshabitatforwildlife（生态价值）。解析：需结合第9章第1节对冰盖功能的描述，每点50字以上。10.参考答案：Greenhousegasemissions（温室气体排放）、deforestation（森林砍伐）、industrialactivities（工业活动）。解析：需引用第9章第2节具体段落，每点50字以上。11.参考答案：Renewableenergyreducesemissionsbutmayrelyonimports（利），orrequirelarge-scaleinfrastructure（弊）。解析：需结合第9章第2节双刃剑比喻，100字以上。12.参考答案：Individualactions,thoughsmall,canaccumulate（累积效应），raiseawareness（提高意识），andpressuregovernments（推动政策）。解析：需引用第9章第6节观点，200字以上。13.参考答案：Thermalexpansioniswaterheating（海水热膨胀），meltingiceaddswatervolume（冰川融化）。解析：需对比第9章第4节两种机制，100字以上。14.参考答案：KyotoProtocolfailedtoincludemajoremitterslikeChinaandUSA（范围局限），targetswerenotambitiousenough（目标保守）。解析：需引用第9章第3节批评，200字以上。15.参考答案：Itcriticizesthebeliefthatasingletechnology（如碳捕捉）cansolvethecrisiswithoutaddressingrootcauses（如能源结构）。解析：需结合第9章第5节讽刺意味，200字以上。16.参考答案：Climatechangeisglobal（全球性），requiressharedresources（共同资源），andbenefitsfromcoordinatedpolicies（政策协同）。解析：需引用第9章结尾段落，200字以上。）五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.AstudentreadsthattheArcticicecaphasdecreasedby40%since1980.Howdoesthisdatarelatetoglobalwarming?2.Thepassagementionsthatrenewableenergyhasbothbenefitsandrisks.Provideonebenefitandoneriskwithexamples.3.Ifacityaimstoreducecarbonemissionsby20%in10years,whatstrategiescoulditimplement?4.ThepassagediscussestheKyotoProtocol'sfailure.Whatlessoncanbelearnedfromthis?5.Explainhowindividualactionslikerecyclingcanhelpmitigateclimatechange.6.Thepassagementionsthatsealevelsareexpectedtoriseby0.5metersby2100.Howwouldthisaffectcoastalcities?7.Ifacountrydecidestorelysolelyonwindenergy,whatpotentialproblemsmightitface?8.Theauthorcriticizestheideaofa"silverbullet"forclimatesolutions.Whatalternativeapproachissuggested?（解析：9.参考答案：Thedecreaseindicatesfastericelossduetohighertemperatures（关联热力学），contributingtorisingsealevels（影响海平面）andalteredweatherpatterns（改变气候）。解析：需结合第9章第1节冰川融化机制，100字以上。10.参考答案：Benefit:Solarpanelsreducefossilfueldependence（减少化石依赖）；Risk:Windfarmsmaydisruptlocalecosystems（生态干扰）。解析：需引用第9章第2节案例，100字以上。11.参考答案：Improvepublictransport（公交系统），promoteelec