2025-2026年部编版高二英语第10单元语法填空专项题库

2025-2026年部编版高二英语第10单元语法填空专项题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The10thunitofthe2025-2026editionoftheMinistry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureofgerundsandinfinitives,whicharecommonlyusedinacademicwritingandspokenEnglish.Choosethecorrectformoftheverbtocompletethesentence:"Sheexpressedher______toparticipateintheinternationaldebatecompetition."A.interestB.interestsC.interestedD.interesting参考答案：A解析：Thesentencerequiresanountofollow"her,"and"interest"(gerund)functionsasanounhere,meaning"意愿"or"关注点."OptionB"interests"(plural)wouldbeincorrectunlessthecontextimpliesmultipleinterests.OptionsCandDareadjectivesandcannotstandaloneasnounsinthisstructure.Thegerundformisessentialinthiscontextbecauseitmodifiestheverb"expressed"byindicatingtheobjectofherstatement.2.Inthepassage,theauthorcomparestheuseofgerundsandinfinitiveswithanexample:"Readingbooksismoreenjoyablethan______them."Whatshouldfilltheblanktomaintaingrammaticalcorrectnessandlogicalcoherence?A.toreadB.readingC.tobereadD.beingread参考答案：A解析：Thesentenceusesacomparativestructure("moreenjoyablethan"),wherethesecondpartmustparallelthefirst."Readingbooks"isagerundphrase,sotheblankshouldalsobeagerundphrase,notaninfinitive.OptionA"toread"(infinitive)isincorrectbecauseitwoulddisruptparallelism.OptionsBandD("reading"and"beingread")aregerundsbutlackparallelismwiththefirstpart.OptionCisgrammaticallyincorrect.Thecorrectformistheinfinitive"toread"tomaintainstructuralbalance.3.Theunitemphasizestheroleofinfinitivesinexpressingpurpose.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesaninfinitivetoindicatethereasonfortheaction?A.Hewenttothelibrarytostudyhard.B.Sheishappytoseeherfriends.C.Theydecidedtoleaveearly.D.Theteacheraskedthestudentstofinishtheirhomework.参考答案：A解析：Theinfinitive"tostudyhard"explainsthepurposeof"goingtothelibrary,"makingAthecorrectchoice.InB,"toseeherfriends"isaninfinitiveofresult,notpurpose.InC,"toleaveearly"isaninfinitiveofdecision,notpurpose.InD,"tofinishtheirhomework"isaninfinitiveofcommand,notpurpose.Theunitspecificallyhighlightsinfinitiveswith"to"asmarkersofpurpose.4.Thegrammarexerciseincludesasentence:"Itisimportant______everyonetofollowtherules."Whichoptioncompletesthesentencecorrectly?A.forB.toC.ofD.with参考答案：A解析：Thestructure"Itisimportantforsomeonetodosomething"isastandardcollocationinEnglish."For"introducestheagent(everyone)beforetheinfinitive,meaning"对...来说很重要."OptionsB("to")andC("of")areincorrectinthispattern.OptionD("with")isunrelatedtothisgrammaticalstructure.Theunitfocusesonsuchfixedexpressionsinvolving"importantfor+noun+to-infinitive."5.Apassagediscussesthedifferencebetweengerundsandinfinitivesinpassivevoice.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesagerundinpassivevoice?A.Hisdecisiontobeinvitedwassurprising.B.Herabilitytobepraisedmadeherproud.C.Theirefforttoberecognizedwasappreciated.D.Thebook’spublicationtobedelayedcausedfrustration.参考答案：C解析：Gerundscanfunctionassubjectsinpassivevoiceconstructions.OptionC"Theirefforttoberecognized"iscorrectbecause"effort"(gerund)isthesubject,and"toberecognized"isthepassiveinfinitive.OptionAisincorrectbecause"decision"cannotbepassiveinthiscontext.OptionB"ability"isnottypicallypassive.OptionD"publication"isalsoincorrect.Theunitteachesthatgerundscanbepassivesubjectswhentheinfinitivefollows.6.Theunitincludesasectiononinfinitivesassubjects.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesaninfinitiveasthesubject?A.Towinthecompetitionwasherdream.B.Tobelovedbyothersisessential.C.Tofinishtheprojectontimeseemedimpossible.D.Tobeseenbytheaudiencewasthrilling.参考答案：B解析：Infinitivescanbesubjectswhentheycomebeforetheverb.OptionB"Tobelovedbyothersisessential"iscorrectbecause"tobeloved"isthesubject,and"essential"isthepredicateadjective.OptionAisincorrectbecause"decision"(gerund)isthesubject,notaninfinitive.OptionCandDaregrammaticallyawkwardbecauseinfinitivesassubjectsarerareinformalwriting,thoughtheyarepossible.Theunitemphasizesinfinitivesassubjectsinformalcontexts.7.Agrammardrillasksstudentstocomplete:"Sheislookingforwardto______herexamresults."Whichoptioniscorrect?A.seeB.seeingC.toseeD.beingseen参考答案：B解析：Thefixedexpression"lookforwardto"requiresagerund."Seeingherexamresults"isthecorrectform,meaning"期待看到她的考试成绩."OptionA"see"isaninfinitive,notagerund.OptionC"tosee"isincorrectbecause"lookforwardto"doesnottake"to."OptionD"beingseen"ispassiveandunnecessaryhere.Theunitteachessuchidiomaticcollocationswithgerunds.8.Theunitexplainsthatgerundscanfunctionasobjectsaftercertainverbs.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesagerundasanobject?A.Heenjoystoplaythepiano.B.SheisinterestedintolearnSpanish.C.Theyadmittedtomakingamistake.D.Theteacherrecommendedtostudyharder.参考答案：C解析：Gerundsfollowverbslike"admittedto."OptionC"tomakingamistake"iscorrectbecause"to"introducesthegerund"making."OptionAisincorrectbecause"enjoys"requiresagerundwithout"to."OptionBisincorrectbecause"interestedin"requiresagerundwithout"to."OptionDisincorrectbecause"recommended"requiresagerundwithout"to."Theunitcoverssuchverb-prepositioncollocations.9.Apassagecontrastsgerundsandinfinitivesinadverbialphrases.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesaninfinitiveasanadverbialofpurpose?A.Shewenttothestorebuyingsomemilk.B.Hestartedrunningtocatchthebus.C.Theydecidedleavingearlyfortheparty.D.Thedogbarkedatthemailcarrierchasingit.参考答案：B解析：Infinitivescanexpresspurposeafterverbslike"started."OptionB"tocatchthebus"iscorrectbecauseitexplainswhy"hestartedrunning."OptionAisincorrectbecause"buying"isagerundanddisruptsthesentence.OptionCisincorrectbecause"decidedleaving"isgrammaticallywrong.OptionDisarun-onsentence.Theunitteachesinfinitivesasadverbialsofpurpose.10.Theunitincludesasentence:"Itisnecessary______thedoorbeforeentering."Whichoptioncompletesthesentencecorrectly?A.closeB.tocloseC.closingD.closed参考答案：B解析：Verbslike"necessary"requireaninfinitivewith"to"tofollow."Toclosethedoor"iscorrectbecauseitexplainstheaction.OptionA"close"isaninfinitivewithout"to."OptionC"closing"isagerund.OptionD"closed"isapastparticiple.Theunitemphasizessuchverbpatternswithinfinitives.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagestatesthatgerundscanbeusedas______inasentence,whileinfinitivesoftenfunctionas______.______;______参考答案：subjects;adjectives解析：Gerundscanbesubjects(e.g.,"Readingisfun").Infinitivesoftenactasadjectives(e.g.,"Thebooktoreadisonthetable").Theunitteachesthesegrammaticalroles.2.Toexpress______,weoftenuseinfinitiveswith"to,"suchas"Shewantstosucceed."______参考答案：purpose解析：Infinitiveswith"to"indicatepurpose(e.g.,"to+verb").Theunitfocusesonthisuseinformalandinformalcontexts.3.Theunitexplainsthat"Itisimportant______"isacommonstructureforexpressingnecessity.______参考答案：forsomeonetodosomething解析：Thecorrectcollocationis"Itisimportantfor+noun+to-infinitive"(e.g.,"Itisimportantforstudentstostudyhard").Theunitteachesthispattern.4.Agerundphrasecanfunctionasthe______ofasentence,suchas"Hisplayingtheguitarsurprisedeveryone."______参考答案：subject解析："Hisplayingtheguitar"isagerundphraseactingasthesubject.Theunitcoverssuchstructures.5.Theunitwarnsthat"to+gerund"is______instandardEnglish.______参考答案：ungrammatical解析：Thecombination"to+gerund"isincorrect(e.g.,"toreading"iswrong).Theunitemphasizesthisrule.6.Toindicate______,weusethepassiveinfinitive,suchas"Shehopestobeinvited."______参考答案：愿望（或hope/expectation）解析：Passiveinfinitives(e.g.,"tobe+pastparticiple")expresswishesorexpectations.Theunitteachesthisuse.7.Theunitincludesasentence:"Heiseager______hisexam."Thecorrectformis______.______;______参考答案：topass;topass解析："Eagerto+verb"isafixedexpression.Theunitemphasizessuchidiomaticuses.8.Agerundcanbethe______ofapreposition,suchas"Sheisinterested______music."______参考答案：object解析：Gerundsfollowprepositionslike"interestedin"(e.g.,"interestedinmusic").Theunitcoversthisrole.9.Theunitexplainsthat"Itis+adjective+for+noun+to-infinitive"isastructureforexpressing______.______参考答案：opinions/feelings解析：Structureslike"Itisimportantforstudentstostudy"expressopinions.Theunitteachessuchpatterns.10.Theunitcontrasts"Hewenttothestore______milk"(correct)and"Hewenttothestoreto______milk"(incorrect).Thecorrectformis______.______;______参考答案：tobuy;tobuy解析："To+verb"isincorrectafter"wenttothestore"whenthepurposeisimplied.Theunitteachesthisdistinction.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Agerundcanalwaysreplaceaninfinitiveinasentencewithoutchangingmeaning.______参考答案：False解析：Gerundsandinfinitiveshavedifferentgrammaticalfunctions(e.g.,"Ienjoyreading"vs."Iwanttoread").Theunitteachesthesedifferences.2.Thepassiveinfinitive"tobeseen"iscorrectin"Shehopestobeseenbytheaudience."______参考答案：True解析：Passiveinfinitivesareusedforwishesorexpectations.Theunitincludesthisstructure.3."Itisimportanttostudyhard"and"Itisimportantforstudentstostudyhard"havethesamemeaning.______参考答案：False解析：Thefirstisgeneral;thesecondisspecifictostudents.Theunitteachesthisdistinction.4.Agerundcanbethesubjectofasentence,butaninfinitivecannot.______参考答案：False解析：Bothcanbesubjects(e.g.,"Readingisfun"vs."Toreadisimportant").Theunitcoversbothcases.5.Thephrase"lookingforwardto+gerund"isgrammaticallycorrect.______参考答案：False解析："Lookingforwardto"requiresagerund(e.g.,"lookingforwardtoseeing").Theunitteachesthisrule.6.Infinitivescanfunctionasadjectives,suchas"Thebooktoreadisontheshelf."______参考答案：True解析：Infinitivesmodifynouns(e.g.,"Thebooktoread").Theunitincludesthisuse.7."Sheisinterestedintolearn"iscorrect.______参考答案：False解析："Interestedin"requiresagerundwithout"to"(e.g.,"interestedinlearning").Theunitteachesthisrule.8.Thepassiveinfinitive"tobeinvited"iscorrectin"Sheishappytobeinvited."______参考答案：True解析：Passiveinfinitivesareusedforhappinessorsatisfaction.Theunitincludesthisstructure.9.Agerundcanbetheobjectofaverb,suchas"Sheadmittedmakingamistake."______参考答案：True解析：Gerundsfollowverbslike"admitted"(e.g.,"admittedmaking").Theunitteachesthisrole.10.Thephrase"to+gerund"isacceptableininformalEnglish.______参考答案：False解析："To+gerund"isungrammaticalinstandardEnglish.Theunitemphasizesthisrule.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenagerundandaninfinitiveintermsofgrammaticalfunction.参考答案：-Gerund:Averbformendingin"-ing"thatfunctionsasanoun(e.g.,"Readingisfun"-subject).-Infinitive:Averbformwith"to"(e.g.,"toread"-purpose)orwithout"to"(bareinfinitive)thatcanfunctionasanoun,adjective,oradverb.Theunitteachestheseroles.2.Whyis"Itisimportantforstudentstostudyhard"preferredover"Itisimportanttostudyhard"?参考答案：Thefirstsentenceismorespecificbecause"forstudents"clarifieswhoisexpectedtostudy.Theunitemphasizesprecisioninformalwriting.3.Provideanexampleofasentencewhereagerundisthesubject,andanotherwhereaninfinitiveisthesubject.参考答案：-Gerundsubject:"Swimmingisenjoyable."-Infinitivesubject:"Toswimiseasy."Theunitteachesthesestructures.4.Whatistheruleforusing"to"withgerundsandinfinitives?参考答案："To"isusedwithinfinitives(e.g.,"toread")butnotwithgerunds(e.g.,"reading").Theunitemphasizesthisdistinction.5.Explainwhentousethepassiveinfinitive,suchas"tobeinvited."参考答案：Passiveinfinitivesareusedforwishes,expectations,ordesires(e.g.,"Shehopestobeinvited").Theunitcoversthisuse.6.Whyis"Sheisinterestedintomusic"incorrect?参考答案："Interestedin"requiresagerundwithout"to"(e.g.,"interestedinmusic").Theunitteachesthisrule.7.Provideanexampleofasentencewhereagerundistheobjectofapreposition.参考答案："Heisproudofwinningthecompetition."Theunitincludessuchstructures.8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"eagerto+verb"and"eager+gerund"?参考答案：-"Eagerto+verb"(e.g.,"eagertoread")expressesactivedesire.-"Eager+gerund"isungrammatical.Theunitteachesthisrule.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Theteacheraskedthestudents______theirhomeworkbeforetheexam."参考答案："tofinish"解析：Theverb"asked"requiresaninfinitivewith"to"fortheobject(e.g.,"tofinish").Theunitteachessuchpatterns.2.Rewritethesentence"Shedecided______thepartyearly"usingagerund.参考答案："Shedecidedleavingthepartyearly."解析：Thegerund"leaving"replacestheinfinitive"toleave."Theunitteachessuchconversions.3.Completethesentence:"Itisnecessary______thedoortopreventtheft."参考答案："tolock"解析：Thestructure"Itisnecessaryfor+noun+to-infinitive"iscorrect(e.g.,"tolock").Theunitemphasizesthispattern.4.Rewritethesentence"Heishappy______hisexamresults"usingagerund.参考答案："Heishappyseeinghisexamresults."解析：Thegerund"seeing"replacestheinfinitive"tosee."Theunitteachessuchidiomaticuses.5.Completethesentence:"Thecompanyexpects______itsemployeestoimproveefficiency."参考答案："foritsemployeestoimprove"解析：Thestructure"expectsfor+noun+to-infinitive"iscorrect.Theunitcoverssuchformalexpressions.6.Rewritethesentence"Shewenttothelibrary______books"usinganinfinitive.参考答案："Shewenttothelibrarytoborrowbooks."解析：Theinfinitive"toborrow"replacesthegerund"borrowing."Theunitteachessuchconversions.7.Completethesentence:"Itisimportant______everyone______therules."参考答案："for;tofollow"解析：Thestructure"Itisimportantfor+noun+to-infinitive"iscorrect.Theunitemphasizesthispattern.8.Rewritethesentence"Heiseager______hisexam"usingagerund.参考答案："Heiseagerabouttakinghisexam."解析：Thegerund"taking"replacestheinfinitive"totake."Theunitteachessuchidiomaticuses.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.A4.A5.C6.B7.B8.C9.B10.B二、填空题1.subjects;adjectives2.purpose3.forsomeonetodosomething4.subject5.ungrammatical6.wishes/hope/expectation