外研版英语选择性必修第一册　Unit 2　Onwards and upwards 教师用书

选择性必修第一册Unit2OnwardsandupwardsⅠ.阅读单词——会意1．manuscriptn．手稿，底稿2．ryen．黑麦3．best-sellern．畅销书；畅销产品4．Victorianadj.英国维多利亚(女王)时代的5．laureaten．重要奖项获得者6．PoetLaureate桂冠诗人7．beavern．河狸，海狸8．cucumbern．黄瓜9．fingertipn．指尖10．intoxicatev．使兴奋，使陶醉11．pageantn．盛大的(露天)演出12．thepageantof(历史事件的)缤纷场景13．probev．调查；探究14．workadayadj.平凡的；平淡的15．amidprep.在……之中16．descendv．降临；来临；下降17．strainsof音乐的曲调或旋律18．orchestran．(大型的)管弦乐队19．tactileadj.触觉的20．perfumen．香味；香水21．relishn．享受，乐趣22．morseln．(尤指食物的)一小片，一小块23．hauntn．(某人)常去的地方Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1．debtn．债务，欠款；人情债2．pacen．速度；进度；一步v．踱步3．overnightadv.整夜地；突然，一下子4．neverthelessadv.然而，不过5．guaranteev．保证，确保；提供保修单n．保证；保修单6．outcomen．结果，后果7．worthwhileadj.重要的；值得做的8．blanketn．毯子，毛毯；厚的覆盖层vt.以厚层覆盖9．enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的10．contestn．比赛，竞赛11．upsetadj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的；(肠胃)不适的v．使生气，使心烦意乱；弄翻，打翻；打乱，扰乱(计划、安排等)12．worthyadj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的13．outlinen．外形，轮廓；提纲vt.概述14．dawnn．黎明，破晓v．破晓；开始清楚15．permanentadj.长久的；永久的Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．blessingn．幸事，幸运→blessv．祝福；赐予，赋予2．embarrassedadj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrassvt.使窘迫，使尴尬→embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的→embarrassmentn．困窘；尴尬3．perseverev．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverancen．坚持4．endurancen．(忍)耐力→endurev．忍受，忍耐5．rarelyadv.很少，难得→rareadj.罕见的，稀有的6．mereadj.仅仅，只不过→merelyadv.只是；仅仅；只不过7．informv．通知，告知→informedadj.消息灵通的，见多识广的→informationn．信息；消息；通知8．rejectionn．拒绝，否决→rejectv．拒绝，否决9．electv．选举，推选→electionn．选举10．appreciativeadj.感激的；有欣赏力的；表示赞赏的→appreciatev．感激，感谢；欣赏，赏识；理解，明白→appreciationn．感激；欣赏；理解11．revelationn．展现，显示→revealv．展现，显露；揭露，泄露12．classicn．名著；经典作品→classicaladj.经典的；古典的13．gentlenessn．和蔼，温和→gentleadj.温和的→gentlyadv.温和地14．criticismn．批评；指责→criticizev．批评→criticn．批评家→criticaladj.批判的；关键的15．dreadv．畏惧，惧怕→dreadfuladj.糟糕透顶的，极糟的→dreadfullyadv.非常，极其；极糟糕地16．delightedadj.愉快的，高兴的→delightn．高兴；使人高兴的事vt.使高兴→delightfuladj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的17．companionshipn．友谊，友好交往→companionn．伙伴，同伴，旅伴积累——构词法学一法会一类后缀-ic/-ful/-ship1．后缀-ic/-ful(1)后缀-ic可以是形容词后缀，表示“……的”，也可是名词后缀，表示“人；……学；……术”及其他抽象名词。如scientific(科学的)，logic(逻辑学)。(2)后缀-ful常用于将名词转化为形容词，表示“充满……的”或“具有……特性的”。如bucketful(满桶的)，mouthful(满口的)，beautiful(美丽的)，powerful(强大的)，wonderful(奇妙的)等。有时后缀-ful还可以表示程度，相当于“非常”或“极其”。如：joyful(非常快乐的)，grateful(非常感激的)，careful(非常小心的)。2．名词后缀-ship表示“状态，性质；品质；身份，资格，职位；技能，技艺；群体，集体”等抽象意义。如companionship，friendship，leadership，membership。(1)Horsemenfromdifferentnationsdisplaytheirbeautifulclothesandtheirfinehorsemanship.马术(猜加黑词义)(2)HehasacceptedaresearchprofessorshipatStanfordUniversity.教授职位(3)Ownershipofthelandiscurrentlybeingdiscussedandwewon’tbeinformedoftheresultuntil5pm.所有权，物主身份(4)IfindsleepingwithnomusicorTVoneasierandmorerestful.闲适宁静的；益于休息的(5)Beingmyfaithful(faith)friend，hewillsparenoefforttohelpmeout.(6)Ifeachofuswerecompassionate，understanding，forgivingandmerciful(mercy)，wewouldliveinamoreharmoniousworld.(7)Asaromanticgenius，LiBaitooktraditionalpoetic(poet)formstoanewheightandhadafar-reachinginfluenceonthepoemsofthefuturegeneration.(8)Mylittlesisterisalwayssoenergetic(energy)thatshecanplayoutsideforhourswithoutfeelingtired.Ⅳ.背核心短语1．worthyof值得……的2．regrettodo对要做的事感到遗憾(还未做)3．giveup放弃；停止4．have...incommonwith...与……有共同之处5．surviveon...靠……为生6．turndown拒绝7．atotalof总共8．playapart扮演角色；起作用9．appreciativeof...感激……10．probeinto探究，探索11．goabout着手做；四处走动；传开12．alongthelinesof类似于13．withinthepagesof在……的页面中；在……的篇幅里Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Whenhemighthavewonhadhestuckitout...(省略if的虚拟条件句)如果他不放弃，胜利就在眼前……2．This，however，wasatimewhenwomenwerenotencouragedtobecomewriters.(thisis/wasatimewhen...)然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。3．So，itseemsthattalentaloneisn’tenoughtoguaranteesuccess.(beenoughtodo)因此，似乎仅凭天赋不足以保证成功。4．Keeptryingandeventuallyyouwillreadthewords“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……”5．OnlywhendarknesshadagaindescendeduponmeshouldIrealizehowmuchIhadleftunseen.(“only＋状语/状语从句”位于句首的倒装)只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上，我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。体验——析真题长句知高考难度(2025•全国二)Thesun-driedclothessmellespeciallypleasantwhereIlive，thankstotheabsenceofsmogandplentyofblueskyafternoonswithlotsoffreshair.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，主语为thesun-driedclothes，smell为感官系动词，pleasant为形容词作表语；where引导地点状语从句，thanksto引出原因状语。[尝试翻译]在我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别令人愉悦，因为那里没有雾霾，而且午后常有蓝天，空气也十分清新。Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分，共19分)1．pacen．速度；进度；一步v．踱步2．neverthelessadv.然而，不过3．outcomen．结果，后果4．blanketn．毯子，毛毯；厚的覆盖层v．以厚层覆盖5．outlinen．外形，轮廓；提纲vt.概述6．guaranteev．保证，确保；提供保修单n.保证；保修单7．dawnn．黎明，破晓v.破晓；开始清楚8．permanentadj.长久的；永久的9．contestn．比赛，竞赛10．mereadj.仅仅，只不过→merelyadv.只是；仅仅；只不过11．rarelyadv.很少，难得→rareadj.罕见的，稀有的12．companionshipn．友谊，友好交往→companionn．伙伴，同伴，旅伴13．revelationn．展现，显示→revealv．展现，显露；揭露，泄露14．classicn．名著；经典作品→classicaladj.经典的；古典的Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共20分)1．Iamwritingtoinformyouof/aboutsomeinformationrelatedtothecomingcontestandifthereareupdates，youwillbekeptinformedaheadoftime.(inform)2．Theyoungmanwaswittyandknowledgeable，somanypeoplevotedforhimintheelectionandeventuallyhewaselectedaspresident.(elect)3．Thebarberseldomrejectsotherssohecan’tacceptrejectionfromothers.(reject)4．Toourembarrassment，allofushadnomoneytopaythebill.Inthatembarrassingsituation，allofuswereveryembarrassed.(embarrass)5．Isincerelyappreciateyourremindingmetoappreciatemyownfaultandpleaseacceptmyappreciation.(appreciate)6．Somefamouscriticsaretocriticise/criticizethepresentcriticalproblemsandtheircriticismwillbeconsistentlyobjectiveandfair.(critic)7．Shealwaysspeaksgentlytoeveryone，andthisgentlewayofcommunicatingshowshertruegentlenessfromtheheart.(gentle)8．IamblessedwithahappyandharmoniousfamilyandIcanalwaysgetmyparents’blessings.(bless)Ⅲ.补全语段(句式仿写)(每题3分，共12分)Itisablessingforapersontosucceed，but1.onlyifyouhaveperseverancecanyousucceedintheend(只有你有毅力才能最终成功)．Manypeopleoftenbeginwithfailurewhentheydothings，whichleavestheminanembarrassingsituationandevenbeingcriticised.TakeTomforexample.2.Thiswasatimewhenhewasheavilyindebtandwasrejectedbyseveralcompanies(这是一个他负债累累，被几家公司拒绝的时期)beforehebecameamillionaire.However，hewasstillfullofenthusiasm，gavefullplaytohisintelligenceandwisdomandfinallyachievedsuccess.3.Hadhegivenupinthebeginning(如果他一开始就放弃了)，hewouldn’thaveaccomplishedhisambition.Hisexperienceisworthyofbeinglearned.Pleaseremember：Workhard,4.andyouwillberewarded(你会得到回报的)．课堂精讲精练1Liferarelyguaranteessmoothpaths，butapositiveattitudemakesadifference.Stayopentoinformyourself—learnfromfailuresinsteadoffeelingembarrassedbythem.Embracegrowth，andsmallwinswillleaveyoudelighted.Onlybytakingdelightinthejourney—ratherthanjustfocusingontheendgoal—willyoudiscoverthateveryeffortyoumakeisworthwhileandeverymomentholdsitsownmeaning.informv．通知，告知(informedadj.消息灵通的，见多识广的informationn．信息；消息；通知)informsbof/aboutsth通知某人某事informsbthat...通知某人……keepsbinformedof...通知某人……；使某人知道……(1)Iamextremelyappreciativeofyourofferingmesomerelevantinformation(inform)concerningtheapproachingcontest.(2)(2025•全国二，应用文写作)若您能向我们告知当前的写作进展，我们将不胜感激。因为您对于该主题的见解深受本刊读者的热切期待。Wewouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldkeepusinformedofthecurrentprogressofyourwriting，asyourinsightsintothistopicarehighlyanticipatedbyourreadership.(3)(2025•浙江1月，读后续写)凯文和格林先生将他们找到的那块手表送到了警察局。警官们感谢他们归还了这一关键证据，并告知他们会对该案件展开全面调查。KevinandMrGreentookthewatchtheyhadfoundtothepolicestation.Theofficersthankedthemforreturningsuchcrucialevidence，informingthemthattheywouldconductathoroughinvestigationintothecase.guaranteevt.保证，确保；提供保修单n.保证；保修单•guaranteesbsth/guaranteesthtosb保证某人某事guaranteetodosth/that...保证做某事；保证……•underguarantee在保修期内givesbaguaranteethat...向某人保证……(1)Whatmakesmedelightedisthattheenthusiasticmanagerinformsmethatmycarislessthanayearoldandthatitisstillunderguarantee.(2)(建议信)至于准备工作，提前阅读一些中国名著会确保让你融入汉语环境中。Asforpreparation，readingsomeChineseclassicsinadvancewillguaranteetomakeyouadapttotheChineselanguageenvironment.(3)(2025•全国一，应用文写作)“校园趣事”这一栏目能向同学们保证，他们日常生活中的那些有趣故事会拥有一个分享的平台。该栏目还会为读者提供轻松且贴近校园的内容，这有助于大家感到与校园生活连接更紧密。Thecolumn“Funatmyschool”cangivestudentsaguaranteethattheirdailyinterestingstorieswillhaveaplatformtobeshared.Itwillalsoguaranteereadersthecontentthatiseasyandclosetocampus，whichhelpseveryonefeelmoreconnectedtoourschoollife.delightedadj.愉快的，高兴的(delightn．高兴；使人高兴的事vt.使高兴delightfuladj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的)•bedelightedat/with/by...因……而高兴bedelightedtodosth因做某事而高兴；乐意做某事•take(great)delightin...以……为(一大)快事with/indelight高兴地；愉快地toone’sdelight令某人高兴的是(1)(2025•北京，书面表达)得知您将参与联合国提案活动，我感到十分高兴。我建议发起一项“青少年绿色科技守护者”倡议，该倡议将聚焦减少电子垃圾。Delightedtolearnyou’rejoiningtheUNproposaldrive，Isuggestlaunchinga“TeenGreenTechGuardians”initiativefocusingonreducingelectronicwaste.(形容词短语作状语)(2)(2023•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令我高兴的是，我在写作比赛中取得了成功，我对自己的精彩表现感到无比高兴，高兴得跳了起来。Tomydelight，IachievedsuccessinthewritingcontestandIwassodelightedatmywonderfulperformancethatIjumpedtomyfeetwith/indelight.worthwhileadj.重要的；值得做的(worthadj.值得；具有……价值；[古]值钱的n．价值；作用；重要性worthyadj.值得……的；值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的)•Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.做某事是值得的。•be(well)worthdoing……(非常)值得做beworth＋n.值得……；值……•beworthy＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofbeingdone,tobedone))……值得被做,of＋n.＝beworth＋n.值,得……))(2022•浙江6月，应用文写作)我保证我们学校图书馆里的小组学习室值得体验，因此请接受我真诚的邀请。(1)Iguaranteethatitisworthwhileexperiencing/toexperiencethegroupstudyroominourschoollibrary，sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.(worthwhile)(2)Iguaranteethatthegroupstudyroominourschoollibraryiswellworthexperiencing，sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.(worth)(3)Iguaranteethatthegroupstudyroominourschoollibraryisworthyofbeingexperienced/tobeexperienced，sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.(worthy)embarrassedadj.难堪的，尴尬的(embarrassvt.使窘迫，使尴尬embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的embarrassmentn．困窘；尴尬)•beembarrassedat/about...因……感到尴尬beembarrassedtodosth对做某事感到尴尬•toone’sembarrassment让某人尴尬的是with/inembarrassment尴尬地(1)Hisembarrassing(embarrass)criticismmademealaughingstockandIdashedoutofthehouselikecrazy.(2)(续写之情绪描写)令我尴尬的是，我在舞台上把台词念错了，我为自己糟糕的表现感到尴尬。我尴尬地僵在那里，感觉耳朵在灼烧，血液直往头上涌。Tomyembarrassment，IblewmylinesonthestageandIwasembarrassedat/aboutmyterribleperformance.Ifrozetherewith/inembarrassment，feelingmyearsburningandthebloodrushingtomyhead.1．Weguarantee①ourelectricalgoodsfortwoyears.SoIguarantee②thatifyouoffertheguarantee③，youcanreturnorexchangewhatyouhaveboughtunconditionally.①v.提供保修单②v.保证，确保③n.保修单2．Havingeatensomebadfood，Ihadanupset①stomachatmidnightandIwasabouttoreachouttoturnonthelightwhenIupset②myglasscupfullofwateronthebedsidetable，whichmademeextremelyupset③.Whathappenedcompletelyupset④myinitialplantovisitthecitymuseum，whichupset⑤meverymuch.①adj.(肠胃)不适的②v.弄翻，打翻③adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的④v.打乱，扰乱⑤v.使生气，使心烦意乱3．Iappreciate①yourappreciating②mycalligraphyfromthebottomofmyheart.Itisyouthathelpmeappreciate③theimportanceofperseverance.①v.感激，感谢②v.欣赏，赏识③v.理解，明白4．Ablanket①ofcloudcoveredtheskyandsoontheheavysnowblanketed②theground，transformingthelandscapeintoawinterwonderland，andweusedacozyblanket③tostaywarmaswewatchedthesnowfallfromthewindow.①n.厚的覆盖层②vt.以厚层覆盖③n.毯子，毛毯课堂精讲精练2Embraceeverysmalllessonlifeoffersandyouwillgraduallybuildthecouragetofacebiggerchallenges.Onlywhenyoustopdwellingonpastmistakescanyoutrulymoveforwardwithalightheart.Learnfromfailuresinsteadofcomplainingaboutthem，andyou’llfindeventoughdaysbecomesteppingstonestogrowth.祈使句＋and＋陈述句Keeptryingandeventuallyyouwillreadthewords“Wearedelightedtoinformyou...”坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……”•“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。具体用法如下：祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...，＋主句祈使句＋or/otherwise/orelse＋陈述句＝If...not...，＋主句•名词词组(常含有more，another等词)＋and＋陈述句(1)(2022•新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)我鼓励大卫说：“再努力一点，你很快就会到达终点的。”IencouragedDavid，“Makemoreefforts/Moreeffortsandyouwillreachthefinishlinesoon/Ifyoumakemoreefforts，youwillreachthefinishlinesoon.”(2)(2025•全国一，读后续写)我妻子劝说道：“放下你的自尊心，主动迈出第一步向你兄弟道歉吧，否则你会让这场小小的误会演变成你们之间长久的隔阂。”Mywifeadvised，“Putasideyourprideandtakethefirststeppositivelytoapologizetoyourbrother，or/otherwise/orelseyou’llletthissmallmisunderstandingturnintoalong-lastingdivisionbetweenyoutwo.”(3)(建议信)Ifyoufollowtheabovesuggestions，youwillfinditeasytochangeyourterriblesituation.→Followtheabovesuggestionsandyouwillfinditeasytochangeyourterriblesituation.(用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”改写)“only＋状语/状语从句”位于句首的倒装OnlywhendarknesshadagaindescendeduponmeshouldIrealizehowmuchIhadleftunseen.只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上，我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即“Only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他”。注意：当only修饰状语不位于句首或位于句首的only修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不倒装。(1)(续写之主旨升华句)直到那时，她才意识到微笑的真正含义：带给别人温暖和陪伴。Onlythendidsherealizethetruemeaningofsmiles：bringingotherswarmthandcompany.(2)(2025•上海6月，书面表达)唯有勇敢投身其中，我们才能克服恐惧，发掘自身真正的潜能。也就是说，只有当我们迈出那勇敢的第一步、踏入未知领域时，才能突破舒适区，实现自我成长。Onlybydaringtodiveincanweovercomefearsandunlockourtruepotential.Thatis，onlywhenwetakethatfirstbravestepintotheunknowncanwemovebeyondourcomfortzonesandgrow.(3)(续写之情绪描写)当得知只有一半学生的成绩在平均水平以上时，我们的老师伤心得几乎要哭了。Whenshelearntthatonlyhalfofthestudents’scoreswereabovetheaverage，ourteacherwasovercomewithdepressionandwasontheedgeofcrying.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇1．Nosoonerhadthebarbermovedinthanthenoisebeganandrarelydid(do)hegetafullnight’ssleep.2．Weregrettoinform(inform)youofthecruelnewsthatyourapplicationisnotaccepted.3．Itwasbecauseofpoormanagementandlackofexperiencethattheemployergotintodebt.4．Ifyouwanttosucceedinliterarywriting，youhavetolearnhowtoacceptrejections(reject)．5.Cheerup！There’snoneedtobeupsetabout/over/atit.EverythingwillbeOK.6．Thoughhavingbeencriticizedbythebarber，thefellowdecidedtoignorethecriticism(criticize)．7．Heisenthusiasticaboutscientificconcepts，soweoftenspothimreadingrelevantbooks.8．HeturneddownmyinvitationandIwasindeedinabadmood.9．Thewarmmessagesfrommyfamilyarenotjustkindwords，butapreciousblessing(bless)thatfillsmyheartwithpuredelight.10．She’sbeenindebtsinceherbusinessfailed，andtheconstantpressuremakesherdreadeveryphonecall.Eachofushas1.adreamtorealizeamidourlife.Whenyoutakepartinacontestbutyou2.areinformed(inform)thatyoufailit，youareupset.Whenyouapplyforajobbut3.whatyoureceiveisalwaysrejection，youarenot4.delighted(delight)．Whenyouareenthusiastic5.aboutdoingwhatyouthinkisrightbutyouhearalotofcriticism，youmaybeembarrassedandannoyed.Allofthesewillhaveapermanentimpact；nevertheless,6.whatevertheoutcomeis，youshouldpersevereandprobeintothereasonforyour7.failure(fail)．Stop8.dreading(dread)andkeepascoolasacucumber.Afterall，peoplerarelymakeitovernight.Iguaranteethatiftheprocessofpursuingyourdreamisworthwhileanddevelopsyourendurance，youarecertain9.tobe(be)strongerandmoreresilient.Besides，wheneveryouareavailable，youcanvisityourhaunt，suchasalibrarywhereyouwillbeintoxicatedbymanuscripts，best-sellersandclassics，whichareworthyof10.beingread(read).你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。完成句子1．我很高兴能有李华这位17岁的少年作为我最好的朋友，他热衷于阅读、学习和帮助别人。(delighted；enthusiastic；定语从句)IammorethandelightedtohaveLiHua，a17-year-oldteenager，asmybestfriend，whoisenthusiasticaboutreading，learningandhelpingotherpeople.2．不可否认李华有许多值得学习的品质。(worth；that引导同位语从句；which引导定语从句)ThereisnodenyingthatLiHuahasmanyqualitieswhicharewellworthlearningfrom.3．他让我知道他在读什么书，激励我和他一起读书。(keepsbinformedof；现在分词短语作状语)Hekeepsmeinformedofwhatbooksheisreading，motivatingmetoreadtogetherwithhim.4．每当我想要半途而废时，他都会鼓励我说：“只有不断努力，你才能达到目标。”(“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装)WheneverIfeellikegivinguphalfway，hewillsayencouragingly，“Onlybykeepingtryingwillyouachieveyourgoal.”5．正是李华让我意识到这句话的真正含义：传递善良和慷慨，我们将生活在一个更美好的世界中。(强调句型；祈使句＋and＋陈述句)ItisLiHuawhomakesmerealizethetruemeaningofthissaying：Passonkindnessandgenerosity，andwewillliveinamorebeautifulworld.组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。参考范文ThePersonIRespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.IammorethandelightedtohaveLiHua，a17-year-oldteenager，asmybestfriend，whoisenthusiasticaboutreading，learningandhelpingotherpeople.ThereisnodenyingthatLiHuahasmanyqualitieswhicharewellworthlearningfrom.Firstandforemost，hekeepsmeinformedofwhatbooksheisreading，motivatingmetoreadtogetherwithhim.Additionally，wheneverIfeellikegivinguphalfway，hewillsayencouragingly，“Onlybykeepingtryingwillyouachieveyourgoal.”Lastbutcertainlynotleast，wheneverothersorIamembarrassedatfailingtheexams，healwayscomestoourassistancewithouthesitation.SuchisLiHua，awarm-heartedandconsiderateperson.ItisLiHuawhomakesmerealizethetruemeaningofthissaying：Passonkindnessandgenerosity，andwewillliveinamorebeautifulworld.语料积累动作细节描写：眼睛(二)词块keepaneyeon照看，留神；留意looksbstraightintheeye直视某人的眼睛narrowone’seyes眯起眼睛turnone’seyesto...眼神转向……shutone’seyes闭上眼睛squeezeone’seyesshut紧闭眼睛eyesbupanddown上下打量某人one’seyesfallonsb目光落在某人身上句型Withhiseyesnarrowed，hewonderedwhathadhappened.(with的复合结构)他眯起眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。Noticingmecomein，myfathereyedmeupanddown，confused.(现在分词短语作状语)注意到我进来，父亲上下打量着我，迷惑不解。Thoughmyeyeswerefilledwithtears，Istillkeptaneyeonmyteacher’sexpression.虽然我的眼睛里充满了泪水，但我仍然留意着老师的表情。Whenlearningthetruth，Isqueezedmyeyesshutandbitmylip，withtearsrunningdownmycheeks.(动作链描写；with的复合结构)得知真相后，我紧紧地闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。语料运用永不放弃(2022•新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)David①satontheground，squeezedhiseyesshutandbithislip(动作链描写)，②withtearsrollingdownhischeeks(with的复合结构)．Hedreadedbeinglaughedatbyotherkidsandreceivingcriticismalthoughhewasenthusiasticaboutthecross-countryrun.Fearhauntedhimandhefeltlikestandingupontheedgeofanabyss.Ikeptaneyeonhim，butheturnedhiseyestoanotherdirection，upsetandembarrassed，③avoidinglookingmestraightintheeye(现在分词短语作状语)．Iremarkedwithgentleness，“Keeptryingandyouwillberewardedwithapplause.”Finally，④hiseyesfellonmeandsparkledwithdelightandhope.Hesaidinanappreciativetone，“ItgraduallydawnsonmethatonlywithenduranceanddeterminationcanIachievemygoal.”大卫坐在地上，紧紧闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，泪水顺着他的脸颊流下来。他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑和受到批评，尽管他对越野跑很感兴趣。恐惧萦绕着他，他觉得自己如临深渊。我一直留意着他，但却把目光转向了另一个方向，显得既懊恼又尴尬，避免直视我的眼睛。我温和地说：“坚持下去，你就会得到掌声的回报。”最后，他的目光落在我身上，眼里闪烁着喜悦和希望的光芒。他感激地说：“我渐渐明白了，只有凭借耐力和决心，我才能实现我的目标。”单元主题组合练(分值：62.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)ABeforePeteAdlerjoinedtheArmy，hemajoredinarchitecture.Now，afterspending25yearsinequipmentmaintenanceandsupply，andanother17yearsasacivilianemployee，Adlerisbacktohisarchitecturalroots.Andit’sforagoodcause：buildingfreeramps(坡道)forhissenioranddisabledneighbors.Adlerbeganhelpinghisneighborsafterthenonprofitproject：HOMESgavea①presentationathislocalRotaryClub.Adlerrecallsthe②representativesaying—“Toomanyseniorsanddisabledindividualsneedramps，buttheycan’taffordthem.”That’swhenAdlerreachedouttohisfriendssothattheycouldstartbuildingrampsforneighborsinneed.“Ifeelthisismycalling，andI’dliketostartacrew，”hetoldhisfriendKarenScott，whowaseagertojumpinandhelp.Adler’sgroupofvolunteershasonlygrownwithtime.Nowwhenhepullsuptoahouseforaninstallation，hehasaboutadozenpeoplebyhissidetotransportlumber(木材)，workthesaws，andassemblethedeck.“It’sturnedintoanamazingservice，”saidAdler.“Ireallyenjoytheprocessandtheteamwork，andfiguringoutthebestsolutionforpeopleinneed.”Whenarecipientcanaffordit，theyareonlychargedwiththecostofthematerials.Iftheycan’tcoverthecost，project：HOMESstepsintopaythefullprice.Adlerandhisteamofvolunteershavetransformedlivesbybuildingover500accessibilityrampsforhouseholdsinneed.Adlerhasgonefrombuildingonerampperweekendtocompletingthree，sometimesfourrampseachweekacrosstheTri-Citiesarea.71-year-oldJaunitaBarnesisoneofthe500neighborsthatAdlerhashelpedthroughproject：HOMES.Afterastrokeandheartattack，Barnesfounditdifficulttonavigatethestairswithherwalker.Shewasconfinedtoherhomeformonths—gettinggroceriesdeliveredandcallingdoctorstoherdoor—untilAdlerandhisteamsteppedintohelp.“NowIcangowhereIneedtogo，”saidBarnes.“Adlerandtheothersaretrulynice.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Adler为老人和残疾人邻居建免费坡道的善举。1．WhydidAdlerreturntoarchitecture-relatedwork?A．Totakeonasocialresponsibility.B．Tocontinuehisabandonedbusiness.C．Toearnfamefromarchitecture.D．Tomakeupforhisneighbors.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Andit’sforagoodcause：buildingfreeramps(坡道)forhissenioranddisabledneighbors.”可知，Adler重新回到建筑领域是为了承担社会责任，为年迈和残疾的邻居建免费坡道。故选A。2．WhatmotivatedAdlertoinitiatetheramp-buildingproject?A．TheRotaryClub’snonprofitproject.B．Apersonalinterestinrampdesign.C．Arequestfromhisdisabledneighbors.D．Thestrugglesthedisadvantagedfaced.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Adlerrecallstherepresentativesaying—‘Toomanyseniorsanddisabledindividualsneedramps，buttheycan’taffordthem.’That’swhenAdlerreachedouttohisfriendssothattheycouldstartbuildingrampsforneighborsinneed.”可知，是弱势群体面临的困难，即需要坡道却负担不起，促使Adler发起了建坡道的项目。故选D。3．WhatdoesthegrowthofAdler’svolunteergroupsuggestabouttheproject?A．Ithasgainedrecognitionandsupport.B．ItprovesAdler’sprofithasincreased.C．Itprovidesopportunityforvolunteers.D．Itrequiresprofessionalconstructionskills.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段“Adler’sgroupofvolunteershasonlygrownwithtime.Nowwhenhepullsuptoahouseforaninstallation，hehasaboutadozenpeoplebyhissidetotransportlumber(木材)，workthesaws，andassemblethedeck.”可知，Adler的志愿者团队随着时间不断壮大，说明这个项目得到了越来越多人的认可和支持，大家愿意加入进来帮忙。故选A。4．HowdoesBarnesprobablyfeelabouttheramps?A．Usefulandcheap.B．Helpfulandworthy.C．Uniqueandvaluable.D．Costlyandcomplicated.答案B解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Afterastrokeandheartattack，Barnesfounditdifficulttonavigatethestairswithherwalker.Shewasconfinedtoherhomeformonths—gettinggroceriesdeliveredandcallingdoctorstoherdoor—untilAdlerandhisteamsteppedintohelp.”以及最后一段“‘NowIcangowhereIneedtogo，’saidBarnes.‘Adlerandtheothersaretrulynice.’”可知，Barnes觉得这些坡道很有帮助且充满价值。故选B。语境猜词①presentation(派)＝present＋ationn．展示②representative(派)＝represent＋ativen．代表BHaveyouevernoticedhowsomepeopleseemtohandledifficultiescalmlywhileothersletsmallproblemsruintheirentireday?Thisdifferenceoftencomesdowntohowwerespondtochallenges.AmericansocialpsychologistLeonFestingerproposedafamoustheorylaterknownas“Festinger’sLaw”，whichstatesthat10percentoflife’seventsarebeyondyourcontrol，but90percentarewithinyourcontrol.Toexplainthis，let’sexaminetwoevents.First，imagineabusinessprofessionalwhohasanimportantpresentation.Onthewaytowork，theyspillcoffeeonhisshirt.Ifhereactswithfrustration，rushesangrily，andarriveshurriedly，hispresentationmaysufferduetohisdistractedstate.Now，consideranalternativeresponse:hecalmlycleansup，changesclothes，andusestheextratimeintransittoreviewhisnotes.Theinitialproblemisthesame，butthe①outcomesdifferdramaticallybecauseofhisreactions.TheinfluencesofFestinger’sLawextendbeyondindividualsituationsto②interpersonalrelationshipsaswell.Infamilyconflicts，forinstance，anunpleasantresponsetoaminordisagreementcanincreasetensions，whileapatient，understandingapproachoftenleadstoresolution.Similarly，inteamprojects，howmembersrespondtosetbacks—whetherwithblameorconstructiveproblem-solving—candeterminethegroup’sultimatesuccess.Whatmakesthisprincipleparticularlyvaluableisitsuniversal③applicability.Whetherdealingwithacademicpressures，workplacechallenges，orpersonalrelationships，thecommonthreadisthatourreactionsoftenmattermorethantheproblemsthemselves.Bycultivatingself-awarenessandemotionalregulation，wecansignificantlyimproveourabilitytonavigatelife’sunavoidabledifficulties.Developingthisskillrequirespractice.Itinvolvespausingbeforereacting，assessingsituationsobjectively，andconsciouslychoosingproductiveresponses.Overtime，thisapproachbecomeshabitual，leadingtobetteroutcomesandreducedstress.Festinger’sLawultimatelyteachesuswhilewecan’tcontroleverythingthathappenstous，wecanalwayscontrolhowwerespond—andthatmakesallthedifference.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了费斯汀格法则Festinger’sLaw的核心观点：生活中10%的事件不可控，但90%取决于我们的反应方式。5．Whydoestheauthorposeaquestionatthebeginning?A．ToemphasizetheLaw’sdifficulties.B．Toratereaders’psychologyknowledge.C．Tocreateapersonalconnectiontothetopic.D．TointroduceDr.Festinger’slifeexperiences.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Haveyouevernoticedhowsomepeopleseemtohandledifficultiescalmlywhileothersletsmallproblemsruintheirentireday？”可知，这样的问题直接与读者相关，能够引起读者的兴趣，让读者与文章讨论的关于如何应对挑战的话题产生个人联系。故选C。6．Whatisthemainlessonfromthecoffeespillexample?A．Spareclothesshouldalwaysbeready.B．Yourreactionmattersmorethantheproblem.C．Businesspeoplefacemanychallenges.D．Smallproblemscanruinyourwholeday.答案B解析推理判断题。在第二段提到的咖啡洒在衬衫上的例子中，同样是面对咖啡洒在衬衫上这一问题，不同的反应(愤怒和冷静)导致了不同的结果(演讲受影响和可以利用时间复习笔记)。根据第四段中“Whetherdealingwithacademicpressures，workplacechallenges，orpersonalrelationships，thecommonthreadisthatourreactionsoftenmattermorethantheproblemsthemselves.”可知，我们从这个例子中得到的主要教训是你的反应比问题本身更重要。故选B。7．WhatisthesignificantvalueofFestinger’sLaw?A．Ithelpspeoplebetteraddresslife’schallenges.B．Itprovidesusefulguidancefordifferentlifesituations.C．Itencouragesustofocusonthethingswecan’tcontrol.D．Itsuggestsmostproblemsarelessseriousthantheyseem.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Whatmakesthisprincipleparticularlyvaluableisitsuniversalapplicability.Whetherdealingwithacademicpressures，workplacechallenges，orpersonalrelationships，thecommonthreadisthatourreactionsoftenmatterm