2025-2026年四川省人教版初中三年级英语上册第10章同步练习题

2025-2026年四川省人教版初中三年级英语上册第10章同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第10章课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassageabout"EnvironmentalProtection"?A.Todescribethebeautyofnatureindetail.B.Toexplainthecausesandeffectsofpollution.C.Toadvertisethelatestenvironmentalprotectionproducts.D.Tosuggestwaystoreducewasteathome.解析：本题考查文章主旨大意。根据第10章课文内容，该单元重点讨论环境污染问题，包括空气污染、水污染等及其危害，并建议解决方案。选项A描述自然之美与文章主题无关；选项C涉及产品广告，但文章未涉及商业推广；选项D仅提到家庭减废，未涵盖文章全部内容。选项B准确概括了文章对污染原因、影响及措施的全面分析，故为正确答案。2.Inthepassage"ProtectingOurPlanet,"whichsentencebestshowstheauthor'sattitudetowardplasticwaste?A."Plasticischeapandconvenientfordailyuse."B."Manypeoplethrowawayplasticbottleswithoutthinking."C."Weshouldusebiodegradablebagsinsteadofplastic."D."Plasticfactoriesprovidemanyjobsforworkers."解析：本题考查作者观点态度。第10章课文强调塑料污染的严重性，并倡导替代方案。选项A为塑料的优点，与作者批判态度相反；选项B描述现象而非观点；选项D强调塑料产业的经济价值，未涉及环保立场。选项C明确提出环保建议，体现作者对塑料问题的担忧及解决方案的倾向，故为正确答案。3.Accordingtothedialoguein"SavingWateratSchool,"howdothestudentsdecidetosolvethewaterwastageproblem?A.Theyasktheschooltoinstallmorewater-savingdevices.B.Theydecidetostopusingwaterinthecanteen.C.Theyorganizeacampaigntoremindotherstosavewater.D.Theyhireaprofessionalplumbertofixthebrokenpipes.解析：本题考查细节理解。根据第10章课文相关对话，学生通过讨论决定开展节水宣传，具体措施包括张贴海报、开展演讲等。选项A、D涉及硬件改造，但对话未提及资金或技术问题；选项B完全停止用水不切实际；选项C与课文描述的解决方案一致，故为正确答案。4.Inthepassage"EnergyConservationatHome,"whichexampleshowsa"smartway"tosaveelectricity?A.LeavingtheTVonallnighttoavoidturningitonagaintomorrow.B.Usingold-fashionedbulbseventhoughtheycostless.C.Turningofflightswhenleavingaroomandunpluggingdevices.D.Buyingmoreelectronicgadgetstoimprovehomecomfort.解析：本题考查文本细节与概念理解。第10章课文强调高效节能方法，如使用LED灯、拔掉待机电器等。选项A、B浪费能源；选项D增加能耗；选项C符合课文建议的节能行为，故为正确答案。5.Whatisthekeydifferencebetweenthetwotexts"Recycling"and"Composting"?A.Recyclingturnswasteintonewproducts,whilecompostingcreatessoil.B.Recyclingisfasterthancomposting.C.Bothmethodsrequirespecialchemicals.D.Neithermethodhelpstheenvironment.解析：本题考查对比分析。根据第10章课文内容，回收利用（Recycling）将废弃物转化为再生材料，而堆肥（Composting）将有机物转化为肥料。选项B、C、D与课文描述不符。选项A准确概括了两者的核心功能差异，故为正确答案。6.Inthestory"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter,"whatlessondoesthegirllearnfromhermother?A."It'sokaytolittersometimesifit'snotinfrontofpeople."B."Youshouldcleanupaftereating,oranimalswillgetsick."C."Litteringisallowedifyouusebiodegradablematerials."D."Aslongasyoudon'tseelitter,youdon'tneedtocare."解析：本题考查隐含意义。第10章课文通过母女对话传递环保价值观，母亲强调个人行为对环境的影响。选项A、C、D与课文批判态度相反。选项B符合课文主旨，故为正确答案。7.Accordingtothepassage"GreenCities,"whichcityisdescribedasthemostenvironmentallyfriendly?A.CityA,whichhasmanycarsbutnopollution.B.CityB,wherepeopleusebicyclesinsteadofbuses.C.CityC,whichhasstrictlawstoprotectnature.D.CityD,famousforitslargeshoppingmalls.解析：本题考查文本信息筛选。第10章课文对比多个城市的环境政策，指出C市通过立法和规划实现绿色发展。选项A、B、D与课文描述的环保城市特征不符。选项C准确反映课文重点，故为正确答案。8.Intheunit'sgrammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A."Wemustprotecttheforestsfromcutting."B."Theriverwaspollutedbythefactory."C."Theywillbehelpedbythevolunteerstomorrow."D."Myhousewasbuiltin2020."解析：本题考查语法应用。根据第10章语法重点，被动语态结构为"be+过去分词"。选项A、C、D存在语法错误。选项B正确使用被动语态，故为正确答案。9.Whatisthebesttitlefortheunit"ProtectingOurPlanet"?A."TheHistoryofEnvironmentalProblems"B."FunFactsAboutAnimals"C."HowtoSaveWaterandElectricity"D."GlobalWarmingandItsSolutions"解析：本题考查单元主题概括。第10章课文围绕环保措施展开，涵盖污染治理、资源节约等。选项A、B、D仅涉及部分内容。选项C全面反映单元核心，故为正确答案。10.Accordingtothepassage"Eco-FriendlySchools,"whichactivityisNOTmentionedasawaytoreducewaste?A.Organizingapaperrecyclingdrive.B.Encouragingstudentstobringreusablelunchboxes.C.Plantingtreestoimproveairquality.D.Settingupacompostingbinforfoodscraps.解析：本题考查排除法。第10章课文列举校园减废措施，包括A、B、D。选项C涉及植树，属于改善环境但非减废行为。故为正确答案。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"PlasticPollution"statesthatabout______ofplasticwasteendsupintheoceanseveryyear.解析：根据第10章课文数据，全球每年约800万吨塑料流入海洋，填入具体数字或百分比均可。2.In"SavingWateratSchool,"thestudentsdecideto______toremindeveryoneaboutwaterconservation.解析：课文提到学生通过海报、演讲等方式宣传节水，填入"postposters"或"givepresentations"等。3.Thetext"EnergyConservationatHome"suggeststurningofflightswhenyou______them.解析：课文强调离开房间时关灯，填入"arenotintheroom"或类似表达。4.Accordingtothedialogue,thegirlin"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter"learnsthat______iseveryone'sresponsibility.解析：课文强调环保是共同责任，填入"keepingtheenvironmentclean"或类似短语。5.Thepassage"GreenCities"mentionsthatCityChasstrictlawsto______pollution.解析：课文指出C市通过立法控制污染，填入"reduce"或"control"等动词。6.Thegrammarsectioninthisunitteachestheuseofthe______voicetodescribepassiveactions.解析：被动语态核心结构，填入"passive"或"pastparticiple"等术语。7.In"Eco-FriendlySchools,"studentsareencouragedtouse______insteadofdisposablecutlery.解析：课文建议使用可重复使用的餐具，填入"metalforks"或"clothnapkins"等。8.Thepassage"Recycling"explainsthataluminumcanscanberecycledintonew______afterbeingmelteddown.解析：课文提到铝罐回收可制成新罐，填入"aluminumcans"或类似名词。9.Theunit'sreadingpassage"ProtectingOurPlanet"includesexamplesof______andrenewableenergy.解析：课文涉及传统能源与新能源对比，填入"coal"或"windpower"等。10.Thestory"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter"showsthat______canchangepeople'sbehavior.解析：课文通过教育影响行为，填入"education"或"parentalguidance"等。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"PlasticPollution"suggeststhatplasticisthemostusefulmaterialbecauseitischeapanddurable.解析：课文批判塑料污染，未肯定其优点，故错误。2.Accordingtothedialoguein"SavingWateratSchool,"thestudentsdecidetobuynewwaterpipestosolvetheproblem.解析：课文未提及更换管道，故错误。3.Thetext"EnergyConservationatHome"recommendsleavingelectronicdevicespluggedintosaveenergy.解析：课文强调拔掉待机电器，故错误。4.In"Recycling,"theauthorbelievesthatpapershouldnotberecycledbecauseitisbiodegradable.解析：课文提倡纸类回收，故错误。5.Thestory"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter"showsthatthegirl'smotherthinkslitteringisacceptable.解析：课文强调母亲反对乱扔垃圾，故错误。6.Thepassage"GreenCities"describesCityDasthemostadvancedintechnologybutignoresenvironmentalprotection.解析：课文未提及D市，故无法判断，但根据排除法可推断错误。7.Thegrammarsectioninthisunitteachestheuseoftheactivevoicetodescribeactionsperformedbythesubject.解析：主动语态描述主语行为，但本单元重点为被动语态，故错误。8.In"Eco-FriendlySchools,"studentsareallowedtobringdisposablelunchboxestoschool.解析：课文提倡减少一次性用品，故错误。9.Thepassage"ProtectingOurPlanet"statesthatglobalwarmingisnotaseriousproblem.解析：课文强调气候危机，故错误。10.Thestory"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter"concludesthatthegirlcontinuestolitterbecauseshelearnednothingfromhermother.解析：课文未提及后续行为，但暗示教育有效，故错误。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtothepassage"EnvironmentalProtection,"whatarethethreemaincausesofpollution?解析：需列举课文提及的工业排放、汽车尾气、生活废弃物等，并简要说明。2.In"SavingWateratSchool,"whatthreeactionsdothestudentstaketoreducewaterwaste?解析：需回答张贴海报、组织宣传、检查漏水等具体措施。3.Thetext"EnergyConservationatHome"mentionsthreewaystosaveelectricity.Nameanytwo.解析：需列举关灯、使用节能灯、拔掉电器等选项。4.Whatisthemainmessageofthestory"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter"?解析：需概括环保教育的重要性，以及个人行为对环境的影响。5.Accordingtothepassage"GreenCities,"whyisCityCconsideredthemostenvironmentallyfriendly?解析：需说明其立法保护、绿化规划等环保政策。6.Explainthedifferencebetweenactiveandpassivevoiceinyourownwords.解析：需对比主动语态（主语执行动作）和被动语态（动作影响主语）的用法。7.In"Eco-FriendlySchools,"whatarethetwomostimportantthingsstudentscandotohelptheenvironment?解析：需列举减废、节约能源等行为。8.Theunit'sgrammarsectionteachestheuseofthepassivevoice.Giveanexampleofasentenceinthepassivevoice.解析：需提供符合被动语态规则的句子，如"Thebookwaswrittenbyme."五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudentinaschoolthatwastesalotofpaper.Writeashortparagraph(50words)suggestingthreewaystoreducepaperuse.解析：需提出具体建议，如双面打印、使用电子作业、回收废纸等，并说明理由。2.Imagineyouareorganizinga"Clean-UpDay"inyourcommunity.Writeaposter(60words)toencouragepeopletoparticipate.解析：需包含活动时间、地点、意义（保护环境、美化社区），并呼吁行动。3.Thepassage"EnergyConservationatHome"mentionsthatturningofflightssavesenergy.Writeadialogue(70words)betweentwofamilymembersdiscussingthis.解析：需体现不同观点（如怕麻烦vs.环保），并达成共识。4.In"Recycling,"thetextsaysaluminumcanscanberecycledintonewcans.Explainwhythisisimportant(60words).解析：需说明节约资源、减少污染、保护环境等意义。5.Thestory"TheLittleGirlandtheLitter"showsamotherteachingherchildaboutlittering.Writeashortconversation(50words)betweenthem.解析：需体现母亲的教育和孩子的理解，强调责任意识。6.Accordingtothepassage"GreenCities,"CityChasstrictlawstoprotectnature.Describeonesuchlaw(60words).解析：需虚构具体法律，如禁止焚烧垃圾、限制汽车使用等，并说明目的。7.Theunit'sgrammarsectionteachesthepassivevoice.Writeasentenceinthepassivevoiceaboutsavingwateratschool.解析：需使用被动语态，如"Waterissavedbystudentseveryday."8.Supposeyouarewritingareportforyourschool'senvironmentalclub.Writeatitle(20words)andashortintroduction(40words)about"HowtoSaveElectricityatHome."解析：需包含标题和引言，概括报告主题和目的。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.C4.C5.A6.B7.C8.B9.C10.C解析：每题均需结合第10章课文内容分析，说明正确选项如何体现单元知识点。二、填空题1.80milliontons2.postersandpresentations3.arenotintheroom4.keepingtheenvironmentclean5.reduce6.passive7.reusablecutlery8.aluminumcans9.coal10.education解析：需对照课文原文填写，确保术语准确。三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.×5.×6.