2025-2026年部编版高二英语第12单元语法填空专项题库

2025-2026年部编版高二英语第12单元语法填空专项题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2025-2026editionoftheMinistry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureofgerundsandinfinitives.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesagerundasthesubject?A.Swimmingintheriverisdangerousforchildren.B.Toswimintheriverisdangerousforchildren.C.Swimmingtotheriverisdangerousforchildren.D.Itisdangerousforchildrentoswimintheriver.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecause"swimming"(gerund)functionsasthesubjectofthesentence.OptionBusesaninfinitive("toswim")asthesubject,whichisgrammaticallyincorrectinthiscontext.OptionCincorrectlyplaces"totheriver"asanadverbialphrase.OptionDusesato-infinitivewith"it"asthesubject,whichisadifferentgrammaticalstructure.The12thunitemphasizesthedistinctionbetweengerundsandinfinitives,particularlyinsubject-verbagreementandsentencestructure.2.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitteachestheuseofmodalverbstoexpresspossibilityandcertainty.Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesapossibilityusing"might"?A.Shemightbelatebecauseshelostherway.B.Shemaybelatebecauseshelostherway.C.Shemustbelatebecauseshelostherway.D.Sheshouldbelatebecauseshelostherway.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecause"might"isusedtosuggestapossibility,while"may"ismoregeneral.OptionBisalsocorrectbut"might"ismoreappropriateforhypotheticalsituations.OptionCuses"must"toexpresscertainty,whichcontradictsthecontext.OptionDuses"should"togiveadvice,notpossibility.The12thunitcoversmodalverbsindifferentcontexts,with"might"beingkeyforuncertainpredictions.3.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitincludesasectiononrelativeclauses.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesadefiningrelativeclause?A.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.B.Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.C.Iboughtthebookisveryinteresting.D.ThebookisveryinterestingthatIboughtyesterday.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecause"thatIboughtyesterday"isadefiningrelativeclause,providingessentialinformationabout"thebook."OptionBusesanon-definingrelativeclause("which"),whichrequiresacommaandisunnecessaryhere.OptionCisgrammaticallyincorrectasitlacksasubject-verbconnection.OptionDusesanincorrectstructurefordefiningclauses.The12thunitfocusesontheproperuseofrelativepronouns("who,""which,""that")indifferentclausetypes.4.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitintroducesreportedspeech.Whichsentencecorrectlychanges"Hesaid,'Iamtired.'"toreportedspeech?A.Hesaidthathewastired.B.Hesaidthatheistired.C.Hesaidthathehadtired.D.Hesaidthathetired.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecausereportedspeechrequiresthepasttense("was")insteadofthepresenttense("am").OptionBkeepsthepresenttense,whichisincorrect.OptionCuses"hadtired,"whichisgrammaticallywrong.OptionDomitstheauxiliaryverbentirely.The12thunitemphasizestensechangesandpronounshiftsinreportedspeech.5.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitcoverspassivevoice.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Theexperimentwascompletedbythestudentsyesterday.B.Thestudentscompletedtheexperimentyesterday.C.Theexperimenthasbeencompletedbythestudents.D.Thestudentshavecompletedtheexperiment.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecauseitusesthepassivevoice("wascompleted")withtheagent("bythestudents").OptionBisactivevoice.OptionCusespresentperfectpassive,whichisincorrectforaspecificpastevent.OptionDisactivevoicewithpresentperfect.The12thunitteachestheformationandusageofpassivevoiceinvarioustenses.6.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononconditionalsentences.Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesarealconditional?A.IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldpasstheexam.B.IfIpasstheexam,Iwillbehappy.C.IfIweretopasstheexam,Iwouldbehappy.D.IfIpasstheexamtomorrow,Iwillpassit.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecauseitusesthesecondconditional("If+past,would+baseverb")forhypotheticalpresentorfuturesituations.OptionBisafirstconditional.OptionCusesthethirdconditional("If+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple"),whichisforimpossiblepastevents.OptionDisrepetitiveandgrammaticallyincorrect.The12thunitfocusesonthestructureandusageofconditionalsentences.7.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitteachestheuseofphrasalverbs.Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"lookforwardto"?A.Ilookforwardtoseeingyounextweek.B.Ilookforwardtotoseeyounextweek.C.Ilookforwardforseeingyounextweek.D.Ilookforwardonseeingyounextweek.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecause"lookforwardto"isfollowedbyagerund("seeing").OptionBaddsanunnecessary"to."OptionCuses"lookforwardfor,"whichisincorrect.OptionDuses"lookforwardon,"whichisgrammaticallywrong.The12thunitcoverscommonphrasalverbsandtheirfixedstructures.8.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononsubject-verbagreementincomplexsentences.Whichsentencecorrectlyusessubject-verbagreement?A.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwashappy.B.Boththestudentsandtheteacherwerehappy.C.Eitherthestudentsortheteacherwashappy.D.Thestudents,aswellastheteacher,washappy.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBiscorrectbecausetheverbagreeswith"both,"whichissingular.OptionAincorrectlyuses"was"with"neither...nor."OptionCincorrectlyuses"was"with"either...or"(theverbagreeswiththeclosersubject).OptionDincorrectlyuses"was"with"aswellas."The12thunitemphasizessubject-verbagreementincompoundsubjects.9.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitintroducesreportedquestions.Whichsentencecorrectlychanges"Didyoufinishthehomework?"toreportedspeech?A.HeaskedmeifIfinishedthehomework.B.HeaskedmeifIhadfinishedthehomework.C.HeaskedmeifIfinishthehomework.D.HeaskedmeifIdidfinishthehomework.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBiscorrectbecausereportedquestionsusethepasttense("hadfinished")andoftenchangethewordorder.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitlacksthepasttense.OptionCusesthepresenttense,whichiswrong.OptionDusesthepasttensebutkeepstheoriginalquestionstructure,whichisnotreportedspeech.The12thunitcoversthetransformationofquestionsinreportedspeech.10.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononadverbialclauses.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesatimeadverbialclause?A.WhenIarrived,thetrainhadleft.B.Iarrivedwhenthetrainhadleft.C.ThetrainleftwhenIarrived.D.Whenthetrainleft,Iarrived.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAiscorrectbecause"WhenIarrived"isatimeadverbialclauseindicatingthesequenceofevents.OptionBisaninvertedstructure,whichislesscommonandlessnatural.OptionChasthewrongclauseposition.OptionDisgrammaticallyincorrect.The12thunitteachestheuseofadverbialclausesindifferentfunctions(time,condition,purpose,etc.).二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookemphasizestheuseofgerundsassubjects.Fillintheblank:_______(swim)intheoceanisdangerousforbeginners.Answer:SwimmingExplanation:Thesentencerequiresagerundasthesubject."Swimming"isthegerundformof"swim."The12thunitcoversgerundsinsubjectpositions,objectpositions,andprepositionalphrases.2.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitteachestheuseofmodalverbstoexpresscertainty.Fillintheblank:She_______(be)latebecauseshemissedthebus.Answer:mustExplanation:"Must"isusedtoexpressstrongcertaintyaboutafutureevent.The12thunitincludesexercisesonmodalverbsindifferentcontexts(possibility,certainty,necessity).3.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitincludesasectiononrelativeclauses.Fillintheblank:Thebook_______(write)byJaneAustenisveryfamous.Answer:whichwaswritten/thatwaswrittenExplanation:Adefiningrelativeclauseisneededtoprovideessentialinformation."Which"or"that"canbeused,followedbythepassivevoice"waswritten."The12thunitcoverstheuseofrelativepronounswithpassivevoice.4.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitintroducesreportedspeech.Fillintheblank:Hesaidthathe_______(go)tothelibrarythenextday.Answer:wouldgoExplanation:Reportedspeechrequiresthepasttense("wouldgo")insteadofthepresenttense("goes").The12thunitincludesexercisesontensechangesinreportedspeech.5.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitcoverspassivevoice.Fillintheblank:Thereport_______(finish)bytheteambyFriday.Answer:willbefinishedExplanation:Thefuturepassivevoiceisusedtoindicateanactiontobecompletedbyaspecifictime.The12thunitincludesexercisesonpassivevoiceindifferenttenses.6.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononconditionalsentences.Fillintheblank:IfI_______(have)moretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks.Answer:hadExplanation:Thesecondconditionalrequiresthepasttense("had")insteadofthepresenttense("have").The12thunitcoversthestructureofconditionalsentencesindifferenttypes.7.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitteachestheuseofphrasalverbs.Fillintheblank:She_______(lookforwardto)hervacationnextmonth.Answer:islookingforwardtoExplanation:"Lookforwardto"requiresthepresentcontinuousformoftheverb.The12thunitincludesexercisesoncommonphrasalverbsandtheirfixedstructures.8.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononsubject-verbagreementincomplexsentences.Fillintheblank:Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher_______(like)themovie.Answer:likesExplanation:Theverbagreeswiththeclosersubject("theteacher"),whichissingular.The12thunitemphasizessubject-verbagreementincompoundsubjects.9.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitintroducesreportedquestions.Fillintheblank:SheaskedmeifI_______(finish)myhomeworkyet.Answer:hadfinishedExplanation:Reportedquestionsusethepasttense("hadfinished")insteadofthepresenttense("finish").The12thunitcoversthetransformationofquestionsinreportedspeech.10.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononadverbialclauses.Fillintheblank:_______(rain),wewillcancelthepicnic.Answer:IfitrainsExplanation:Afirstconditionalisneededtoexpressarealcondition."Ifitrains"isthecorrectstructure.The12thunitteachestheuseofadverbialclausesindifferentfunctions.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesexclusivelyongerundsandinfinitives.Answer:FalseExplanation:The12thunitcoversmultiplegrammaticalstructures,includingmodalverbs,relativeclauses,andreportedspeech,notjustgerundsandinfinitives.2.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitteachesthat"might"isalwaysmoreformalthan"may."Answer:FalseExplanation:"Might"ismoreformalthan"may"insomecontextsbutnotalways.The12thunitcoverstheappropriateusageofmodalverbsindifferentsituations.3.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitincludesasectionondefiningrelativeclausesthatdonotneedcommas.Answer:TrueExplanation:Definingrelativeclausesprovideessentialinformationanddonotrequirecommas.The12thunitcoversthedistinctionbetweendefiningandnon-definingrelativeclauses.4.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitintroducesreportedspeechwithnochangestopronounsortenses.Answer:FalseExplanation:Reportedspeechrequireschangestopronouns(e.g.,"I"to"he")andtenses(e.g.,"am"to"was").The12thunitincludesexercisesonthesechanges.5.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitteachesthatthepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.Answer:FalseExplanation:Thechoicebetweenactiveandpassivevoicedependsoncontext,notformality.The12thunitcoverstheappropriateuseofpassivevoiceindifferentsituations.6.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononrealconditionalsentencesthatuse"would"forhypotheticalsituations.Answer:TrueExplanation:Realconditionalsentencesuse"if+present/past,would+baseverb"toexpresshypotheticalsituations.The12thunitcoversthestructureandusageofconditionalsentences.7.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitteachesthatallphrasalverbscanbeseparatedbyanoun.Answer:FalseExplanation:Notallphrasalverbscanbeseparatedbyanoun.The12thunitincludesexercisesonthefixedstructuresofphrasalverbs.8.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononsubject-verbagreementinsimplesentencesonly.Answer:FalseExplanation:The12thunitcoverssubject-verbagreementincomplexsentences,includingcompoundsubjectsandclauses.9.The2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunitintroducesreportedquestionsthatalwaysuse"did"insteadof"was/were."Answer:FalseExplanation:Reportedquestionsusethepasttense("did")forsimplepastverbsbutnotformodalsorotherstructures.The12thunitcoversthetransformationofquestionsinreportedspeech.10.Inthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishcurriculum,the12thunitincludesasectiononadverbialclausesthatonlyindicatetime.Answer:FalseExplanation:Adverbialclausescanindicatetime,condition,purpose,reason,etc.The12thunitcoversvarioustypesofadverbialclauses.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenagerundandaninfinitiveinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:-Agerundisaverbformendingin"-ing"thatfunctionsasanoun(e.g.,"Swimmingisfun").-Aninfinitiveis"to+baseverb"(e.g.,"Toswimisfun").The12thunitcoverstheirusageinsubjectpositions,objectpositions,andprepositionalphrases.2.Describehowmodalverbsareusedtoexpresspossibilityandcertaintyinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:-Possibility:"might"(e.g.,"Shemightbelate")and"may"(e.g.,"Shemaybelate").-Certainty:"must"(e.g.,"Hemustbehome").The12thunitincludesexercisesontheseverbsindifferentcontexts.3.Explainthestructureofadefiningrelativeclauseinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:Adefiningrelativeclauseprovidesessentialinformationanddoesnotrequirecommas.Itusesrelativepronouns("who,""which,""that")(e.g.,"ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting").The12thunitcoverstheproperuseofrelativepronouns.4.Describehowreportedspeechdiffersfromdirectspeechinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:-Directspeech:Quotedexactly(e.g.,"Hesaid,'Iamtired'").-Reportedspeech:Changedintenseandpronouns(e.g.,"Hesaidthathewastired").The12thunitincludesexercisesonthesechanges.5.Explainwhentousethepassivevoiceinthe125-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook’s12thunit.Answer:Usepassivevoicewhenthesubjectisunknownorunimportant,orwhenthefocusisontheactionratherthantheactor(e.g.,"Theexperimentwascompleted").The12thunitcoversactiveandpassivevoiceindifferentcontexts.6.Describethestructureofarealconditionalsentenceinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:"If+present/past,would+baseverb"(e.g.,"IfIhadmoney,Iwouldbuyacar").The12thunitcovershypotheticalsituationsinconditionalsentences.7.Explainhowphrasalverbsdifferfromregularverbsinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:-Phrasalverbshaveafixedstructure(e.g.,"lookforwardto")andmaychangemeaning(e.g.,"giveup").-Regularverbsfollowstandardconjugation(e.g.,"look").The12thunitincludesexercisesoncommonphrasalverbs.8.Describethepurposeofadverbialclausesinthe12thunitofthe2025-2026Ministry-compiledseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbook.Answer:Adverbialclausesmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs,indicatingtime,condition,purpose,etc.(e.g.,"WhenIarrive,Iwillcallyou").The12thunitcoversvarioustypesofadverbialclauses.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Theteamcompletedtheprojectyesterday."Answer:Theprojectwascompletedbytheteamyesterday.Explanation:Thepassivevoiceisformedby"be+pastparticiple"andtheagent("bytheteam").The12thunitcoverspassivevoiceinpasttense.2.Changethefollowingsentencetoreportedspeech:"Shesaid,'Iwillgotothestoretomorrow.'"Answer:Shesaidthatshewouldgotothestorethenextday.Explanation:Reportedspeechrequiresthepasttense("wouldgo")andchangesthewordorder.The12thunitincludesexercisesonreportedspeechtransformations.3.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI_______(have)moretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks."Answer:hadExplanation:Thesecondconditionalrequiresthepasttense("had")insteadofthepresenttense("have").The12thunitcoversconditionalsentences.4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingadefiningrelativeclause:"Thebookisinteresting."Answer:ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting.Explanation:Adefiningrelativeclauseprovidesessentialinformationanduses"that"or"which."The12thunitcoversrelativeclauses.5.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectmodalverb:"She_______(be)latebecauseshemissedthebus."Answer:mustExplanation:"Must"isusedtoexpressstrongcertaintyaboutafutureevent.The12thunitincludesexercisesonmodalverbs.6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingagerundasthesubject:"Swimmingisfun."Answer:Swimmingintheoceanisdangerousforbeginners.Explanation:Thegerund"swimming"isthesubject,followedbyaprepositionalphrase.The12thunitcoversgerundsinsubjectpositions.7.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Thereport_______(finish)bytheteambyFriday."Answer:willbefinishedExplanation:Thefuturepassivevoiceisusedtoindicateanactiontobecompletedbyaspecifictime.The12thunitincludesexercisesonpassivevoice.8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingafirstconditional:"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."Answer:Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic.Explanation:Afirstconditionalalreadyuses"if+present,will+baseverb."The12thunitcoversconditionalsentencesindifferenttypes.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.AExplanation:Gerundscanfunctionassubjects.OptionAiscorrect.2.AExplanation:"Might"ismoreformalthan"may"forpossibility.3.AExplanation:Definingrelativeclausesprovideessentialinformationanddonotrequirecommas.4.AExplanation:Reportedspeechrequirespasttensechanges.5.AExplanation:Passivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectisunknownorunimportant.6.AExplanation:Thesecondconditionaluses"if+past,would+baseverb."7.AExplanation:"Lookforwardto"requiresagerund.8.BExplanation:Theverbagreeswiththeclosersubject("theteacher").9.BExplanation:Reportedquestionsusepasttensechanges.10.AExplanation:Timeadverbialclausesindicatewhenanactionoccurs.二、填空题1.SwimmingExplanation:Gerundsfunctionassubjects.2.mustExplanation:"Must"expressescertainty.3.whichwaswritten/thatwaswrittenExplanation:Definingrelativeclausesprovideessentialinformation.4.hadfinishedExplanation:Reportedspeechrequirespasttensechanges.5.willbefinishedExplanation:Futurepassivevoiceisused.6.hadExplanation:Secondconditionalrequirespasttense("had").7.islookingforwardtoExplanation:"Lookforwardto"requirespresentcontinuous.8.likesExplanation:Subject-verbagreementwiththeclosersubject.9.hadfinishedExplanation:Reportedquestionsusepasttensechanges.10.IfitrainsExplanation:Firstconditionalforrealconditions.三、判断题1.FalseExplanation:The12thunitcoversmultiplegrammaticalstructures.2.FalseExplanation:"Might"ismoreformalthan"may"insomecontexts.3.TrueExplanation:Definingrelativeclausesdonotrequirecommas.4.FalseExplanation:Reportedspeechrequireschangestopronounsandtenses.5.FalseExplanation:Choicebetweenactiveandpassivedependsoncontext.6.TrueExplanation:Realconditionalsentencesuse"would"forhypotheticalsituations.7.FalseExplanation:Notallphrasalverbscanbeseparatedbyanoun.8.FalseExplanation:The12thunitcoverssubject-verbagreementincomplexsentences.9.FalseExplanation:Reportedquestionsuse"did"forsimplepastverbs.10.FalseExplanation:Adverbialclausescanindicatetime,condition,purpose,etc.四、简答题1.Gerundsvs.Infinitives:-Gerunds:Verbendingin"-ing"(e.g.,"Swimmingisfun").-Infinitives:"to+baseverb"(e.g.,"Toswimisfun").The12thunitcoverstheirusageinsubjectpositions,objectpositions,andprepositionalphrases.2.ModalVerbsforPossibilityandCertainty:-Possibility:"might"(e.g.,"Shemightbelate")and"may"(e.g.,"Shemaybelate").-Certainty:"must"(e.g.,"Hemustbehome").The12thunitincludesexercisesontheseverbsindifferentcontexts.3.DefiningRelativeClauses:-Structure:"Relativepronoun+pastparticiple"(e.g.,"ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting").-Purpose:Providesessentialinformationanddoesnotrequirecommas.The12thunitcoverstheproperuseofrelativepronouns.4.ReportedSpeechvs.DirectSpeech:-Directspeech:Quotedexactly(e.g.,"Hesaid,'Iamtired'").-Reportedspeech:Changedintenseandpronouns(e.g.,"Hesaidthathewastired").The12thunitincludesexercisesonthesechanges.5.WhentoUsePassiveV