2025-2026年江苏省部编版高二英语第11单元语法练习题

2025-2026年江苏省部编版高二英语第11单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunitfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureofinversion,particularlytheuseofsubject-verbinversioninconditionalsentencesandquestions.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlydemonstratesthisrule?A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.Shouldtheweatherbefine,theoutdooreventwillproceedasplanned.C.Didshefinishherhomework,soshecouldwatchTV?D.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwereawareofthechangeinschedule.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBcorrectlyusessubject-verbinversionwith"Should"tointroduceaconditionalclause,whichisakeyfocusoftheunit.OptionAlacksinversion,optionCusesacommaincorrectlywith"so,"andoptionDincorrectlyinverts"theteacher"when"thestudents"isthesubject.2.Intheunit,studentslearntodifferentiatebetweendefiningrelativeclausesandnon-definingrelativeclauses.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesanon-definingrelativeclause?A.Thebook,whichIborrowedfromthelibrary,isveryinteresting.B.Thegirlwholivesnextdoorismybestfriend.C.ThemanthatwontheawardisfromJapan.D.Theteacher,whomwerespect,willattendthemeeting.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAusesanon-definingrelativeclause("whichIborrowedfromthelibrary")becauseitprovidesadditionalbutnon-essentialinformationabout"Thebook."Definingrelativeclauses(B,C)areessentialtothemeaning,whileoptionDincorrectlyuses"whom"forasubjectrole.3.Theunitemphasizestheuseofmodalverbsinadviceandsuggestions.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesamodalverbtogiveadvice?A.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyougoout.B.Youshouldstudyharderifyouwanttopasstheexam.C.Youcanmissthedeadlineifyouarenotcareful.D.Youmaynotneedtoreviseifyoualreadyunderstandthematerial.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBuses"should"togiveadvice,whichalignswiththeunit'sfocus.OptionAuses"must"fornecessity,optionCuses"can"forpossibility,andoptionDuses"maynot"foruncertainty.4.Theunitcoversreportedspeech,includingchangesinpronounsandtenses.Whichsentencecorrectlytransformsthefollowingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech?Direct:Shesaid,"Iamgoingtothesupermarket."A.Shesaidthatshewasgoingtothesupermarket.B.Shesaidthatshegoestothesupermarket.C.Shesaidthatshewillgotothesupermarket.D.Shesaidthatshehadgonetothesupermarket.Answer:AExplanation:Inreportedspeech,thepresenttense("amgoing")changestopasttense("wasgoing"),andthepronoun"I"changesto"she."OptionBincorrectlyretainsthepresenttense,optionCuses"will,"andoptionDusesthepastperfect,whichisunnecessaryhere.5.Theunitintroducespassivevoiceinvariouscontexts.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Thecommitteewilldecidetheissuetomorrow.B.Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudentslastweek.C.Theyhavefinishedtheprojectaheadofschedule.D.Shecansolvetheproblemeasily.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBusesthepassivevoice("wasconducted")with"bythestudents"toemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor,whichisakeyconceptintheunit.Activevoice(A,C,D)focusesonthesubjectperformingtheaction.6.Theunitdiscussesfutureforms,including"will,""begoingto,"and"presentcontinuousforfuture."Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"begoingto"forafutureplan?A.ShewilltraveltoLondonnextmonth.B.Heisgoingtobuyanewcarifhegetsthepromotion.C.Theymaymissthetrainiftheyleavelate.D.Themeetingwillstartat9a.m.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBuses"begoingto"toexpressafutureplanbasedonpresentevidence("ifhegetsthepromotion").OptionAuses"will,"optionCuses"may"forpossibility,andoptionDuses"will"withatimemarker.7.Theunitcoversmodalverbsofobligationlike"must,""haveto,"and"should."Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"must"toexpressstrongnecessity?A.Youshouldarriveontimefortheinterview.B.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkbeforebed.C.Youmustnotmissthedeadlineorfaceconsequences.D.Youmayneedtorevisethenoteslater.Answer:CExplanation:OptionCuses"mustnot"toexpressastrongprohibition,whichalignswiththeunit'sfocusonmodalverbsofobligation.OptionAuses"should,"optionBuses"haveto,"andoptionDuses"may"forpossibility.8.Theunitintroducesconditionalsentences,particularlysecondconditionalforhypotheticalsituations.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthesecondconditional?A.Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.C.Ifshecallsyou,tellherI’mbusy.D.Iftheydon’tleavesoon,wewillleavewithoutthem.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBusesthesecondconditionalstructure("If+pastperfect,would+have+pastparticiple")todescribeahypotheticalpastsituation.Firstconditional(A,D)usespresentorfuturetenses,andoptionCisafirstconditionalwithapresentresult.9.Theunitexplainsdirectandindirectquestions,includingchangesinwordorder.Whichsentencecorrectlytransformsthefollowingdirectquestionintoanindirectquestion?Direct:Didshefinishherhomework?A.Sheaskedifshehadfinishedherhomework.B.Sheaskedwhethershefinishedherhomework.C.Sheaskedthatshehadfinishedherhomework.D.Sheaskedifshefinishherhomework.Answer:AExplanation:OptionAcorrectlychangesthedirectquestion("Didshefinish...")toanindirectquestion("ifshehadfinished...")withsubject-verbinversion.OptionBuses"whether"butlacksinversion,optionCuses"that"incorrectly,andoptionDretainsthedirectquestionstructure.10.Theunitcoversadverbialclausesoftime,reason,andcondition.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesanadverbialclauseoftime?A.Becauseitwasraining,westayedinside.B.Shewillcallyouwhenshearrives.C.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillsucceed.D.Althoughheistired,hewillcontinueworking.Answer:BExplanation:OptionBusesanadverbialclauseoftime("whenshearrives")toindicateafutureaction.OptionAisareasonclause("because"),optionCisaconditionclause("if"),andoptionDisacontrastclause("although").二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI______(have)enoughmoney,I______(travel)toJapannextyear."Answer:had,wouldtravelExplanation:Thefirstblankrequiresthepastperfect("hadhad")forthesecondconditional,andthesecondblankuses"would+baseverb"("wouldtravel").2.Transformthefollowingsentenceintopassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillannouncetheresultstomorrow."Answer:Theresultswillbeannouncedbythecommitteetomorrow.Explanation:Thepassivevoicerequiresthesubject("results")+be+pastparticiple("beannounced")+by+agent("bythecommittee").3.Completethesentencewiththecorrectmodalverb:"You______(notbe)latefortheexam,oryouwillfail."Answer:mustnotbeExplanation:"Mustnot"expressesstrongprohibition,fittingthecontextofavoidingfailure.4.Completethesentencewiththecorrectrelativepronoun:"Thebook______(write)byJ.K.Rowlingisverypopular."Answer:whichExplanation:"Which"isusedforinanimateobjects("Thebook"),while"who"wouldbeincorrect.5.Completethesentencewiththecorrectfutureform:"She______(go)tothepartyifshefinishesherwork."Answer:willgoExplanation:"Will"isusedforafuturedecisionbasedonpresentevidence.6.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Ifyou______(study)harder,you______(pass)thetest."Answer:studied,wouldpassExplanation:Thefirstblankrequiresthepasttense("studied")forthesecondconditional,andthesecondblankuses"would+baseverb"("wouldpass").7.Completethesentencewiththecorrectadverbialclause:"______shearrives,wewillstartthemeeting."Answer:AssoonasExplanation:"Assoonas"introducesatimeclauseindicatinganimmediateaction.8.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Theexperiment______(conduct)bythestudentslastweekwassuccessful."Answer:wasconductedExplanation:Thepassivevoice("wasconducted")isusedtoemphasizetheactionratherthanthestudents.9.Completethesentencewiththecorrectmodalverb:"You______(try)harderifyouwanttoimproveyourgrades."Answer:shouldExplanation:"Should"givesadvice,whichfitsthecontextofimprovinggrades.10.Completethesentencewiththecorrectrelativepronoun:"Theperson______(speak)toyouatthepartyismyfriend."Answer:whoExplanation:"Who"isusedforpeopleindefiningrelativeclauses.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Subject-verbinversionisrequiredinquestionsbutnotinstatements.Answer:FalseExplanation:Inversionisrequiredinquestions(e.g.,"Whereareyougoing?")butnotinstatements(e.g.,"Youaregoing").2.Non-definingrelativeclausescanstandalonewithoutreferringtothemainclause.Answer:TrueExplanation:Non-definingrelativeclausesprovideadditionalinformationandaresetoffbycommas(e.g.,"Thebook,whichIborrowed,isinteresting").3."Must"and"haveto"areinterchangeableinallcontexts.Answer:FalseExplanation:"Must"expressesstrongobligation(e.g.,"Youmustleave"),while"haveto"isexternal(e.g.,"IhavetoleavebecauseI’mtired").4.Inreportedspeech,thetenseofthemainclausealwayschangestothepast.Answer:FalseExplanation:Onlythetenseinthereportedclausechanges(e.g.,"Shesaid,'Iamtired'"→"Shesaidthatshewastired").Themainclauseremainsthesame.5.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.Answer:TrueExplanation:Thepassivevoiceoftensoundsmoreformalbyfocusingontheactionratherthantheactor(e.g.,"Themeetingwasattendedbyallstaff").6."Begoingto"isusedforfutureplans,while"will"isforpredictions.Answer:TrueExplanation:"Begoingto"indicatesintention(e.g.,"Iamgoingtostudy"),while"will"indicatesprediction(e.g.,"Itwillrain").7.Secondconditionalisusedforreal,possiblefuturesituations.Answer:FalseExplanation:Secondconditionalisusedforhypothetical,unlikelyfuturesituations(e.g.,"IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyahouse").8.Directquestionsalwaysuseinversioninthequestionword.Answer:TrueExplanation:Directquestionsrequireinversion(e.g.,"Whereareyougoing?"→"Whatareyougoingtodo?").9.Adverbialclausesofreasonuse"because"or"since."Answer:TrueExplanation:Clausesofreasonstartwith"because,""since,"or"as"(e.g.,"Youaretiredbecauseyoudidn’tsleep").10."May"isusedforcertainty,while"might"isforpossibility.Answer:FalseExplanation:"May"expressespossibility(e.g.,"Itmayrain"),while"might"ismoreuncertain(e.g.,"Itmightrain").四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweendefiningandnon-definingrelativeclauses.Answer:Definingrelativeclausesareessentialtothemeaningofthenoun(e.g.,"ThebookthatIreadisinteresting").Non-definingrelativeclausesprovideextra,non-essentialinformation(e.g.,"Thebook,whichIread,isinteresting").Non-definingclausesaresetoffbycommasandcanstandalone.2.Howdoesthepassivevoicedifferfromtheactivevoice?Answer:Inactivevoice,thesubjectperformstheaction(e.g.,"Shewrotethebook").Inpassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheaction(e.g.,"Thebookwaswrittenbyher").Passivevoiceisusedwhentheactorisunknownorunimportant.3.Whatisthestructureofthesecondconditional?Answer:Thesecondconditionaluses"If+pastperfect,would+baseverb"todescribehypotheticalsituations(e.g.,"IfIhadstudied,Iwouldpass").Itisusedforunlikelyfutureevents.4.Whenshould"will"beusedinsteadof"begoingto"?Answer:"Will"isusedforpredictions,spontaneousdecisions,oroffers(e.g.,"Itwillraintomorrow")."Begoingto"isusedforfutureplansorintentions(e.g.,"Iamgoingtostudy").5.Howdoyoutransformdirectspeechintoreportedspeech?Answer:Changethereportingverb(e.g.,"said"→"saidthat"),changepronouns(e.g.,"I"→"he/she"),andadjusttenses(e.g.,present→past).Commasareaddedbefore"that"inreportedspeech.6.Whatisthepurposeofadverbialclauses?Answer:Adverbialclausesprovideadditionalinformationabouttime(e.g.,"when"),reason(e.g.,"because"),condition(e.g.,"if"),orcontrast(e.g.,"although").Theymodifythemainclause.7.Whyisinversionusedinquestions?Answer:Inversion(e.g.,"Doyouknow?")isusedinquestionstocreateagrammaticalstructurethatdiffersfromstatements.Ithelpsformquestionscorrectly.8.Howdoyouusemodalverbstoexpressobligation?Answer:"Must"expressesstrongobligation(e.g.,"Youmustleave")."Haveto"isexternal(e.g.,"Ihavetoleave")."Should"givesadvice(e.g.,"Youshouldleave").五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Transformthefollowingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech:Direct:Hesaid,"IwillgotothepartyifIfinishmywork."Answer:Hesaidthathewouldgotothepartyifhefinishedhiswork.Explanation:Change"will"to"would,""I"to"he,"andmaintaintheconditionalstructure.2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinpassivevoice:"Thestudentscompletedtheproject."Answer:Theprojectwascompletedbythestudents.Explanation:Subject+be+pastparticiple+by+agent.3.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectmodalverb:"You______(notdrive)afterdrinkingalcohol."Answer:mustnotdriveExplanation:"Mustnot"expressesstrongprohibition.4.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectrelativepronoun:"Thecity______(build)inthe18thcenturyisfamousforitsarchitecture."Answer:whichExplanation:"Which"referstothecity(inanimate).5.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectfutureform:"She______(call)youassoonasshearrives."Answer:willcallExplanation:"Will"isusedforafutureactionbasedonpresentevidence.6.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectadverbialclause:"______shefinishesherhomework,shewillwatchTV."Answer:AssoonasExplanation:"Assoonas"introducesatimeclauseforanimmediateaction.7.Transformthefollowingsentenceintopassivevoice:"Theywillannouncetheresultstomorrow."Answer:Theresultswillbeannouncedtomorrow.Explanation:Passivevoicefocusesontheresults,nottheactors.8.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectmodalverb:"You______(try)harderifyouwanttopasstheexam."Answer:shouldtryExplanation:"Should"givesadvice.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.BExplanation:"Shouldtheweatherbefine"demonstratessubject-verbinversionwith"Should"inaconditionalclause.2.AExplanation:"whichIborrowedfromthelibrary"isnon-definingbecauseitaddsextrainformationabout"Thebook."3.BExplanation:"shouldstudy"givesadvice,aligningwiththeunit'sfocusonmodalverbsforsuggestions.4.AExplanation:"Shesaidthatshewasgoing"changes"Iamgoing"topasttense("wasgoing")andpronoun("she").5.BExplanation:"wasconductedbythestudents"usespassivevoicetoemphasizetheaction.6.BExplanation:"whenshearrives"expressesafutureplanbasedonpresentevidence.7.CExplanation:"mustnotmiss"expressesstrongprohibition.8.BExplanation:"IfIhadstudied,Iwouldhavepassed"isthecorrectsecondconditionalstructure.9.AExplanation:"Sheaskedifshehadfinished"correctlytransformsthedirectquestionintoindirectspeech.10.BExplanation:"whenshearrives"introducesatimeclause.二、填空题1.had,wouldtravelExplanation:Secondconditionalrequirespastperfect("hadhad")and"would+baseverb."2.Theresultswillbeannouncedbythecommitteetomorrow.Explanation:Passivevoice:subject+be+pastparticiple+by+agent.3.mustnotbeExplanation:"Mustnot"expressesstrongprohibition.4.whichExplanation:"Which"referstothebook(inanimate).5.willgoExplanation:"Will"isusedforfuturedecisions.6.studied,wouldpassExplanation:Secondconditional:pasttense("studied")and"would+baseverb"("wouldpass").7.AssoonasExplanation:"Assoonas"introducesanimmediatetimeclause.8.wasconductedExplanation:Passivevoice:subject+be+pastparticiple+by+agent.9.shouldExplanation:"Should"givesadvice.10.whoExplanation:"Who"referstopeopleindefiningrelativeclauses.三、判断题1.FalseExplanation:Inversionisrequiredinquestions(e.g.,"Whereareyougoing?").2.TrueExplanation:Non-definingclausesprovideextrainformationandaresetoffbycommas.3.FalseExplanation:"Must"isinternalobligation,while"haveto"isexternal.4.FalseExplanation:Onlythereportedclausechangestense(e.g.,"Iamtired"→"Shesaidthatshewastired").5.TrueExplanation:Passivevoiceoftensoundsmoreformalbyfocusingontheaction.6.TrueExplanation:"Begoingto"forplans,"will"forpredictions.7.FalseExplanation:Secondconditionalisforhypotheticalsituations(e.g.,"IfIwonthelottery").8.TrueExplanation:Directquestionsrequireinversion(e.g.,"Whereareyougoing?").9.TrueExplanation:Clausesofreasonstartwith"because,""since,"or"as."10.FalseExplanation:"May"expressespossibility,while"might"ismoreuncertain.四、简答题1.Answer:Definingrelativeclausesareessentialtothemeaning(e.g.,"ThebookthatIreadisinteresting").Non-definingclausesprovideextrainformation(e.g.,"Thebook,whichIread,isinteresting").Non-definingclausesaresetoffbycommas.Explanation:Theanswercoversthekeydifferencesinstructureandpurpose.2.Answer:Activevoice:subjectperformsaction(e.g.,"Shewrotethebook").Passivevoice:subjectreceivesaction(e.g.,"Thebookwaswrittenbyher").Passivevoiceisusedwhentheactorisunknownorunimportant.Explanation:Theanswercontraststhetwovoicesandexplainswhenpassiveisused.3.Answer:Secondconditional:"If+pastperfect,would+baseverb"(e.g.,"IfIhadstudied,Iwouldpass").Usedforhypotheticalfutureevents.Explanation:Theanswer