外研版英语必修第三册 Unit 2　Making a difference 题库

Ⅰ.阅读单词1.internaladj. 内部的2.fountainn. 喷水池3.foundationn. 基金会4.insightn. 顿悟,猛醒5.territoryn. 地区,地方6.cancern. 癌症7.royaladj. 王室的,皇家的8.institutionn. 机构,团体9.Jewishadj. 犹太人的,犹太教的10.militaryn. 军队11.certificaten. 证明书,证书12.ministryn. (政府的)部Ⅱ.核心单词1.newspaperstorecycle 要循环利用的报纸2.earnafortune 挣一大笔钱3.continuehismission 继续他的使命4.adeadlydisease 致命的疾病5.asensitiveman 一个敏感的人6.obtainpeace 获得和平7.prescriptiondrugs 处方药Ⅲ.一词多义1.fundv.为……提供资金;资助n.资金;基金①fundavarietyofprograms资助各种项目②raisefunds筹集资金2.aidn.帮助,援助v.帮助,援助①financialaid财政援助②aidinexperiencedusers帮助没有经验的用户3.chiefadj.最高级别的,首席的;主要的①theChiefEducationOfficer首席教育官②thechiefcause主要原因4.furtheradj.更多的,附加的adv.较远,更远v.促进,增进①furtherinformation更多信息②walkfurther走得更远③furthereducationalinnovation促进教育的改革Ⅳ.派生单词1.contributionn. 贡献;捐款contributev. 贡献;投稿;捐献2.reliefn. 减轻,缓解relievev. 减轻,缓解relievedadj. 放心的,宽慰的3.shortagen. 短缺,不足,缺乏shortadj. 缺少的,不足的4.effectiveadj. 有效的,产生预期效果的effectn. 效果;作用5.donatev. 捐赠,捐献donationn. 捐献donorn. 捐献者,捐赠者6.perseverancen. 不屈不挠,坚持不懈perseverevi. 坚持不懈,锲而不舍7.realityn. 真实,现实;事实realadj. 真实的;实际的reallyadv. 真实地;实际地realisevt. 领悟;了解;实现;实行realisticadj. 写实主义的;现实主义的;现实的8.extendv. 持续;延伸;扩展;使竭尽全力extensiveadj. 广阔的;大规模的;广泛的extensionn. 扩大;延伸9.disabilityn. 残疾,残障disablevt. 使人丧失能力;使残疾disabledadj. 有残疾的;伤残的10.generousadj. 慷慨的,大方的generosityn. 慷慨,大方11.hesitatev. 迟疑,犹豫hesitationn. 迟疑,犹豫12.assistancen. 帮助,援助assistv. 帮助,援助assistantn. 助手13.registrationn. 登记,注册registerv. 登记,注册14.confirmationn. 证实,证明confirmv. 证实,证明15.temporaryadj. 短期的,短暂的;临时的temporarilyadv. 临时地16.achievementn. 成绩,成就achievev. 实现17.majoradj. 重要的,主要的vi. 主修n. 主修课程;主修学生,主修生majorityn. 大多数18.treatmentn. 治疗;疗法;对待;待遇treatvt. 治疗;对待;款待n. 款待;招待Ⅴ.短语词块1.setup 建立2.lookacross 眺望3.turnout 参加,出席;结果是,证明是4.makeadifference 有影响;起(重要)作用5.breakintoasmile 突然笑起来6.benefitfrom 从……中获益7.keeprecordsof 记录……8.takein 接收;理解;欺骗;领会;留宿;收留9.risetoone’sfeet 站起身来10.bring...topublicattention 使公众注意到……11.passaway 去世12.atonepoint 一度;在某一时刻;在某处Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?(so...that...引导结果状语从句)为什么水那么脏,以至于使他们生病了?2.Theseareamongthe669children,mostofthemJewish,thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.(独立主格结构)这些孩子大都是犹太人,他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹分子死亡之手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。3.Onleavingschool,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.(ondoing...)一毕业,温顿就到德国和法国的银行工作了。4.AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.(情绪描写)刚开始瑞安还有点紧张,但很快一股暖流涌上了他的心头。5.Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverancetomakehisdreamareality.(主旨升华)这份领悟,始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。▶构词法日积月累-age结尾的名词①shortage短缺,不足,缺乏②marriage婚姻③usage用法④advantage优势,优点 ⑤courage勇气StepOne写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.internalstructure内部结构2.theanimalfoundation动物基金会3.gainadeeperinsight获得更深入的了解4.dieofcancer死于癌症5.aroyalgardenparty皇家花园聚会6.amilitarydefensesystem军事防御系统7.getrelatedcertificates获取相关证书8.theMinistryofEducation教育部Ⅱ.核心单词1.earnv.挣(钱)2.missionn.职责;使命3.drugn.药物,药材4.recyclev.再利用,回收利用5.diseasen.疾病,病6.sensitiveadj.敏感的,容易生气的7.obtainv.获得,得到Ⅲ.派生单词1.contributev.贡献;投稿;捐献→contributionn.贡献;捐款2.reliefn.减轻,缓解→relievev.减轻,缓解→relievedadj.放心的,宽慰的3.shortadj.缺少的,不足的→shortagen.短缺,不足,缺乏4.donatev.捐赠,捐献→donationn.捐献→donorn.捐献者,捐赠者

5.extendv.持续;延伸;扩展;使竭尽全力→extensiveadj.广阔的;大规模的;广泛的→extensionn.扩大;延伸6.disablevt.使人丧失能力;使残疾→disabledadj.有残疾的;伤残的→disabilityn.残疾,残障7.hesitatev.迟疑,犹豫→hesitationn.迟疑,犹豫8.assistv.帮助,援助→assistancen.帮助,援助→assistantn.助手9.confirmv.证实,证明→confirmationn.证实,证明10.temporaryadj.短期的,短暂的;临时的→temporarilyadv.临时地11.achievev.实现→achievementn.成绩,成就12.majoradj.重要的,主要的vi.主修n.主修课程;主修学生,主修生→majorityn.大多数Ⅳ.短语互译1.makeadifference有影响;起(重要)作用

2.benefitfrom从……中获益

3.setup建立

4.keeprecordsof记录……

5.atonepoint一度;在某一时刻;在某处6.risetoone’sfeet站起身来7.passaway去世8.turnout参加,出席;结果是,证明是Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:so...that...引导结果状语从句Thescenerywassobeautifulandpeacefulthatshefeltasenseoftranquilitywashoverher.(心理描写)

风景是如此美丽和宁静,她感到一种宁静的感觉笼罩着她。2.句型公式:独立主格结构Theteachercameintotheclassroom,smileonhis/herface.(情绪+动作描写)

老师面带微笑地走进教室。3.句型公式:ondoing...Onhearingthenews,youwillcometohelpmeout.(感谢信)

一听到消息,你就会帮助我摆脱困境。StepTwo练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.Samhasworkedinthecompanyfor20years,andhishonestyhasearnedhimgreatrespectandadmiration.2.Beingaddictedtodrugsandalcoholscanruinagoodlife.3.Inamonth,theyaltogethercollectedandrecycled2.5tonsofplastic,recoveringthebeautifulbeach.4.Parentsaresometimessosensitivetoeachchild’sreactionsthattheyoffertoomuchpraisetotheirchildren.5.Weshouldappreciatewhatwehaveobtainedfromlifeandseizeeveryopportunitytohelpothers.Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.ThemajorityofthestudentslookforwardtomajoringinEnglishbecauseEnglishmajorscanfindajobeasily.(major)2.Thedonorgenerouslydonatedfoodandmoneytothepoorfamilyandhisdonationhelpedthemgothroughthehardtime.(donate)3.Itisstronglyadvisedthateachofuscontributetotheprotectionofourearth,andIbelieveallourcontributionswillfinallypayoff.(contribute)4.Hehesitatedtotellhisparentsthebadnewsbuthisteachertoldhimthatheshoulddowithouthesitation.(hesitate)5.Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundtoachieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity,whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseofachievement.(achieve)6.Whenheneededsomeonetoassisthim,hisassistantcametohisassistance.(assist)

Ⅲ.短语填空benefitfrom;makeadifference;turnout;passaway;risetoone’sfeet1.Afterhisfatherpassedaway,thecompanywasturnedovertohim.

2.Allthestaffrosetotheirfeetwhenthebosscameintotheroom.

3.Muchtoourrelief,ourjointeffortsmadeadifference.

4.Ifweareabletomakeexerciseourlifehabit,wewillsurelybenefitfromitbothphysicallyandmentally.

5.Itturnedouttobeanunforgettableandfiercecompetitioninwhichtheirteamspiritledtoamiracle.

Ⅳ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LiHualivedinacity1.which/thatsufferedfromwatershortageforalongtime.Thegovernmentwantedtofindsomeeffectivemeasures2.tosolve(solve)theproblem.Therefore,somewater-savingfoundations3.wereestablished(establish),whosechiefmissionwastolaunchsomewell-diggingprogrammes.Tomakecontributionstothereliefofthewatershortage,manycitizensweregeneroustodonatemoneytothe4.related(relate)institutions.LiHua,oneofthe5.donors(donor),donatedthemoneyheearnedfromhispart-timejobs,andbecameoneofthevolunteerstoappeal6.tomorepeopletosavewater.Theyalso7.taught(teach)peoplehowtostoreandrecyclewater.Withtheir8.assistance(assist),thegovernment’sworkturnedouttobeeffective.9.Whattheydidbenefitedmanypeople,making10.agreatdifference.

1.reliefn.减轻,缓解;宽慰,轻松→relievev.减轻,缓解→relievedadj.放心的,宽慰的佳句背诵Seeinghisconfidentsmiles,Isighedwith/inrelief.(情绪描写,2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)看到他自信的微笑,我松了一口气。in/withrelief宽慰地,释然地toone’srelief 令某人宽慰的是breatheasighofrelief 松了一口气relievesbof...帮助某人减轻……以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Oncethehelicopterlanded,wegotontoitinnotime,excitedandrelieved(relief).②Tomyrelief(让我宽慰的是),theysmiledpolitelybackatmewhentheysawmysmile.(情绪+动作描写,2022·浙江6月卷)

③Ichokedout,“Itisyourgenerousassistanceandtimelyguidancethathasrelievedmeoftheheavypressure.”(语言描写,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)

我哽咽着说:“是你的慷慨帮助和及时指导减轻了我沉重的压力。”2.donatev.捐赠,捐献→donationn.捐赠,捐赠物→donorn.捐赠者,赠送者佳句背诵Lastweek,weorganizedaneventtodonatebookstochildreninpoverty-strickenmountainousareas.(活动介绍)上周,我们组织了一次向贫困山区儿童捐赠图书的活动。donate...to...把……捐献给……makedonations/adonationto向……捐赠以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Giventhechance,Iwouldmakedonations(donate)tothosewhostillliveunderthebottomlineofthemodernlivingcondition.②ThoughIlostmypiggybank,Iwasoverwhelmedwithhappinessbydonatingthemoneytothoseinneed.(总结句)虽然我失去了我的存钱罐,但把钱捐给那些需要帮助的人让我感到无比幸福。

3.hesitatev.迟疑,犹豫→hesitationn.迟疑,犹豫佳句背诵Duringherpractice,Sarahfoundherselfwrestlingwiththesequestions,herfingerspausingandhesitatingoverthekeysashermindwandered.(心理描写)在练习过程中,萨拉发现自己在这些问题上挣扎,她的手指在琴键上停顿下来犹豫不决,思绪飘忽不定。hesitatetodosth迟疑做某事;不愿做某事hesitateabout/over... 对……犹豫不决withouthesitation毫不犹豫地以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Inthecar,ItoldherIlostagainandIwashesitatingaboutquitting(quit)theteam.②IfyouareenthusiasticaboutEnglishandhaveasharpmind,don’thesitatetojoin(join)thedebateteam.

③Hearingthescreams,Henrydashedtotheriverside,threwoffhisclothesandjumpedintothewaterwithouthesitation.(动作链)

听到尖叫声,亨利冲到河边,脱下衣服,毫不犹豫地跳入水中。4.assistancen.帮助,援助→assistv.帮助,援助→assistantn.助手佳句背诵TheyexpressedtheirheartfeltthankstoMikeandhisfatherfortheirswiftresponseandinvaluableassistance,tearswellingupintheireyes.(助人)他们发自内心地感谢迈克和他的父亲迅速的反应和宝贵的帮助,泪水夺眶而出。withtheassistanceof...在……的帮助下cometoone’sassistance 帮助某人assistsbtodo/indoingsth 帮助某人做某事assistsbwith/insth 在某方面帮助某人以练促学单句写作/完成语段①I’mwonderingifyoucouldassistmeinchoosing/tochoosethesuitabletopicsfortheclassmeeting.(求助信,2021·全国甲卷)我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。

②I’dliketosincerelyappreciateyourassistingmewithmyEnglishlearning/tolearnEnglish/inlearningEnglish.Withoutyourassistance,Icouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress.(感谢信)

我想衷心地感谢你帮助我学习英语。没有你的帮助,我就不可能有那么大的进步。5.aidv.帮助,援助(assist,help)n.帮助,援助佳句背诵Withtheaidofthekindneighbour,weresolvedtheproblematlast.(助人)在好心的邻居的帮助下,我们终于解决了问题。aidsbtodosth帮助某人做某事aid(sb)in(doing)sth 帮助(某人)(做)某事cometoone’said 帮助某人withtheaidof在……的帮助下以练促学词汇升级/一句多译①Awomaninthestreetsawthathewasintroubleandhelpedhim.cametohisaid

②我不仅能说流利的英语,而且还能帮助你处理各种事务。(求职信)→NotonlycanIspeakEnglishfluentlybutIalsocanaidyoutohandlevariousmatters.

→NotonlycanIspeakEnglishfluentlybutIalsocanaidyouinhandlingvariousmatters.

片段巩固用relief;donate;hesitate;assistance;aid完成“助人”片段写作提示:小镇发生水灾→当地居民、附近城市的志愿者、许多好心人毫不犹豫,纷纷伸手援助、捐助→受害者如释重负,感觉有信心克服困难Afloodhitthesmalltown,resultinginmanypeopleintrouble.Withouthesitation,somelocalresidentsbegantoofferassistance.Volunteerscamefromnearbycitiestoaidtheaffectedfamilies.Manykind-heartedpeopledonatedfoodandclothes.Seeingallthis,thevictimsfeltagreatsenseofrelief.Witheveryone’said,theybelievedtheycouldovercomethedifficulties.

1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.(新高考Ⅰ卷)n.基金②Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)n.了解③Jimdidn’treallyhavetoextendhimselfintheexam.v.使竭尽全力④TheyhopedthenewventurewouldfurtherthecauseofculturalcooperationinEurope.v.促进,增进2.选出major的汉语意思A.adj.重要的,主要的B.n.主修课程C.v.主修D.n.(大学专业的)主修学生①Itisfairtosay,though,thatourpsychologicalbiasesplayamajorrole.(2023·北京卷)A②ShewasnamedtheoutstandinghistorymajorattheUniversityofOklahoma.D③Everythingtakenintoaccount,Iwouldliketomajorinmedicineatcollege.C④Somebelieveitisbettertochooseamajorthatwillbringmorejobopportunities.B句型公式:独立主格结构课本原句:Theseareamongthe669children,mostofthemJewish,thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.这些孩子大都是犹太人,他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹分子死亡之手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。佳句背诵Abigsmileonherface,theinnocentgirlunwrappedherdelicategiftbox.(情绪描写)带着灿烂的笑容,这个天真的女孩打开了精致的礼品盒。Totallytouched,shefailedtoutterasingleword,tearsblurringhereyes.(情绪描写)她完全被感动了,一句话也说不出来,泪水模糊了她的双眼。独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致,它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。独立主格结构的常用形式:(1)逻辑主语+现在分词;(2)逻辑主语+过去分词;(3)逻辑主语+动词不定式;(4)逻辑主语+形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。以练促学单句写作/句式升级①Helaythere,histeethset,hishandsclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.(动作描写)

他躺在那里,紧咬牙关,紧握双手,眼睛直视上方。②Shedidn’tknowhowtoanswerherson,herheartbroken.

她不知道如何回答儿子,她的心都碎了。③Hesatthereandweptsadlyandheburiedhisfaceinhishands.(动作描写)→Hesatthereandweptsadly,buryinghisfaceinhishands.(分词短语作状语)

→Hesatthereandweptsadly,hisfaceburiedinhishands.(独立主格结构)

维度一核心知识运用1.Andthemoretoolswehave,themoreeffective(effect)andinsightfulwecanbecome.(2024·北京卷)2.Hetriedmuscle-relaxingdrugsbutfoundlittlerelief(relieve).(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)3.Hehesitated(hesitate)andthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)4.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassisting(assist)thecrews’efforts.(2022·全国乙卷)5.Oneposterfromtheexhibition—HenryWellge’s“YellowstoneNationalPark”from1904—wasrecentlypurchasedwithdonated(donate)funds.(2024·九省联考)6.Isak’sstoryistypicalofachildwhohasaspecificlearningdisability(disable).7.Althoughthreedaysisn’tverylong,ashortage(short)oftimewastheleastofhisproblems.8.Wordsfailedmetoconveymythanksforhiskindnessandgenerosity(generous).9.Themajority(major)ofthosefarmersmakealivingbygrowingwheatandcorn.10.Nomatterwhoweareandwhatwedo,wecanhelppeopleandmakeadifference.维度二单句写作1.Eyesclosed,Itooktheleap,withamixedsensationofexcitement,terrorandweightlessness.(独立主格结构)

我闭上眼睛,纵身一跃,兴奋、恐惧和失重的感觉交织在一起。2.Onarrivingthere,whatgreetedmewasthedistinctivetraditionalChinesearchitecturalstyle.(ondoing...)

一到那里,映入我眼帘的是独具特色的中国传统建筑风格。3.LastSunday,someyoungstudentvolunteers,organizedbythestudentunion,tooktothestreetstocelebrateandadvertiseWorldWaterDay.(动词-ed形式作定语)

上周日,一些年轻的学生志愿者在学生会的组织下,走上街头庆祝和宣传世界水日。4.LastweekwitnessedameaningfuleventheldbystudentsinGuangmingMiddleSchool.(动词-ed形式作定语)

上周,光明中学的学生们举办了一场有意义的活动。5.IfeltsoproudthatIsharedhouseworkwithmyparents,whichalsoshowedIhadgrownup.(so...that...)

我感到很自豪,我和我的父母分担家务,这也表明我长大了。维度三单元知识拾遗Weshould1.besensitivetothestateofourenvironment.2.Begenerousindevotingtimetorecycling.3.Everyactofrecyclingisanachievement.Let’sworktogethertoprotectourplanet.

我们应该对环境状况保持敏感。慷慨地花时间回收利用。每一次回收行为都是一种成就。让我们共同努力,保护我们的地球。Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(短文投稿——人物介绍)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲伟人故事”的征文活动。请你以一位有巨大贡献的人物为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:(1)人物简介及事迹;(2)意义或启示。根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步字斟句酌优化表达①在中国空间技术领域取得巨大成就的钱学森于1911年出生于上海。(定语从句,achievement)QianXuesen,whomadegreatachievementsinChina’sspacetechnology,wasbornin1911inShanghai.

②钱学森1935年赴美深造并于1939年在美国获航空、数学博士学位。(further,obtain)In1935,QianXuesenwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudyandobtainedhisdoctor’sdegreeinaeronauticsandmathematicsin1939intheUS.

③尽管美国政府试图阻止他,但他仍不屈不挠,于1955年回到中国。(perseverance)Withgreatperseverance,hecamebacktoChinain1955thoughtheAmericangovernmenttriedtostophim.

④他为中国的航天事业作出巨大的贡献。(contribution)HemadegreatcontributionstoChina’saerospace.

⑤2009年,他在北京去世。(passaway)In2009,hepassedawayinBeijing.

⑥中国人民将永远不会忘记他对人民和国家的贡献。(contribution)Chinesepeoplewillneverforgethiscontributionstothepeopleandthecountry.

第二步恰当过渡完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)QianXuesen,whomadegreatachievementsinChina’sspacetechnology,wasbornin1911inShanghai.In1935,QianXuesenwenttoAmericaforfurtherstudyandobtainedhisdoctor’sdegreeinaeronauticsandmathematicsin1939intheUS.Withgreatperseverance,hecamebacktoChinain1955thoughtheAmericangovernmenttriedtostophim.ThenhemadegreatcontributionstoChina’saerospace.In2009,hepassedawayinBeijing.Anyhow,Chinesepeoplewillneverforgethiscontributionstothepeopleandthecountry.Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升1.续写语料积累单词reliefn.减轻,缓解fundv. 为……提供资金,资助donatev. 捐赠,捐献extendv. 持续,延伸diseasen. 疾病,病disabilityn. 残疾,残障generousadj. 慷慨的,大方的hesitatev. 迟疑,犹豫assistancen. 帮助,援助aidv. 帮助,援助obtainv. 获得,得到dashv. 猛冲,急奔;urgencyn. 紧迫性词块makeadifference有影响;起(重要)作用setup 建立risetoone’sfeet 站起身来turnout 参加,出席;结果是,证明是靓句1.Theycarefullyliftedtheinjuredindividualandquicklytransportedthemtothehospital.他们小心翼翼地举起受伤的人,并迅速将他们送往医院。2.Thankstotheirpromptactionandselflessdedication,theinjuredpersonreceivedtimelytreatmentandwassuccessfullyrescued.多亏他们的迅速行动和无私奉献,伤者得到了及时的治疗,并成功获救。3.Theiractofkindnessbecamethetalkoftheneighborhood,inspiringallofustobemorevigilantandreadytolendahelpinghandwhenneeded.他们的善举在邻里间传为美谈,激励着我们所有人都更加警觉,并在需要时随时准备伸出援手。4.Itwasareminderthateventhesmallestactofkindnesscanhaveahugeimpactandthatintimesofcrisis,weareallcapableofgreatcompassionandcourage.这提醒我们,即使是最小的善举也能产生巨大的影响,在危机时刻,我们都能表现出极大的同情心和勇气。2.场景片段训练(助人、善行:邻居救人→送进医院,成功得到救助)Realizingtheseveresituation,Hillranoutforhelp.①ShedashedtoMrs.Smith’shouse(动作描写),hersmallheartracing.“Mrs.Smith,comequickly!Mommy’snotmoving!”shecried,②hervoicetremblingwithfear(独立主格结构).Mrs.Smith,everthecomposedneighbor,followedHillwithoutdelay,③immediatelyrecognizingtheurgencyofthesituation(动词-ing形式作状语).UponenteringJennifer’shome,Mrs.Smithfoundheronthefloor.“Call911,Hill,andstayontheline,”sheinstructed,hervoicesteadyasshebeganfirstaid.Hill,④thoughscared(状语从句的省略),managedtorelaytheemergencytotheoperator.Jenniferfinallycametoherselfinthehospital.Assheregainedconsciousness,shesawHill’stearfulfaceandMrs.Smith’scomfortingpresence.Sheknewherquick-thinkingdaughterandreliableneighborhadsavedherlife,⑤reinforcingthebondoftheirlittlefamily(动词-ing形式作状语)andthecommunitythatsupportedthem.

意识到情况的严重性后,希尔冲出去寻求帮助。她冲到史密斯太太家,小小的心脏狂跳不已。“史密斯太太,快来!妈妈一动不动了!”她喊叫着,声音因恐惧而颤抖。一向沉着冷静的史密斯太太毫不犹豫地跟着希尔,立刻意识到了情况的紧迫性。一进詹妮弗的家,史密斯太太就发现她躺在地板上。“给911打电话,希尔,然后别挂断电话,”她一边吩咐着,一边开始进行急救,声音沉着稳定。希尔虽然害怕,但还是设法向接线员传达了紧急情况。詹妮弗最终在医院苏醒过来。当她恢复意识后,看到希尔泪流满面的脸和史密斯太太安慰的身影。她知道,是她机智的女儿和可靠的邻居救了她的命,加固了她们小家庭和支持她们的社区之间的纽带。课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解JosefaMarinwenttoNewYorkfromMexicoin1987,supportingherdaughterbackhomewiththe$140aweeksheearnedatasweaterfactory.Withthatsmallincome,shehadtocollectrecyclables,tradingincansforfivecentseach.Whenthesweaterfactorycloseddowninthelate2000s,shebecameafull-timerecycler,pickingupcansandbottlestomakeendsmeet.Marin’sstoryisnotunique.Millionsaroundtheworldmakealivingfrompickingthroughwasteandresellingit.Theyplayavitalroleinkeepingwastemanageable.InNewYorkCity,theadministrativedepartmentcollectsonlyabout28percentofthecansthatcouldberecycled.Rubbishcollectorskeepmillionsofadditionalrecyclablesoutoflandfillseveryyear.Yetcollectorsareruledoutbygovernmentpolicies.SupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesin1988statedthathouseholdgarbageispublicpropertyonceit’sonstreets.Thatenablesthepolicetosearchrubbishforevidence,butthatprotectionhasn’talwaysbeenextendedtorecyclers.AndinplaceslikeNewYorkCity,whichistestingcity-ownedlockedcontainerstohidegarbagefromrats,thecontainersaremadeclearlyinaccessibletocollectors.“There’svalueinthewaste,andwefeelthatvalueshouldbelongtothepeople,notthecityorthecorporations,”saysRyanCastalia,directorofanonprofitrecyclingandcommunitycenterinBrooklyn.Recognizedornot,wastepickershavelongbeentreatedwithdisrespect.Marinrecallsanoccasionwhensomeonelivingnexttoabuildingwhereshewascollectingcansthrewwaterather.“JustbecauseIrecycle,itdoesn’tmeanIamlessofapersonthananyoneelse,”shesays.Somegovernmentsarestartingtorealizethatprotectingtheenvironmentandhumanitygohandinhand.TheUnitedNation’s2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment,forexample,callsforanendtopovertyandalltherisksitbrings.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章以城市拾荒者Marin的故事为线索,探讨城市拾荒的重要性以及城市垃圾的归属问题。1.Whatistheauthor’spurposeoftellingaboutMarin?A.Tohighlightwastecollectors’role.B.Toreflectlaid-offworkers’hardship.C.Topraiseherdevotiontoherdaughter.D.Toshowtheseriousnessofunemployment.答案A[写作意图题。根据第三段中的“Marin’sstoryisnot...keepingwastemanageable.”可知,世界上还有很多和Marin一样的拾荒者,他们在让垃圾可控方面起着极其重要的作用。由此可知,作者提到Marin的故事是为了说明城市拾荒者的作用,故A项正确。A项“强调废物收集者的作用”;B项“反映下岗工人的艰辛”;C项“赞扬她对女儿的奉献”;D项“显示失业的严重性”。]技巧点拨:围绕主题定答案。同学们在做阅读理解时,需要明白一点:问题是围绕主题设置的。本文主要探讨城市拾荒者和城市垃圾的问题,A项显然最符合主题。2.Howdoestheauthorshowtheimportanceofwastepickers’work?A.Bycontrasting. B.Bycitingreferences.C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Bycause-effectanalysis.答案A[写作手法题。根据第三段中的“theadministrativedepartmentcollectsonlyabout28percentofthecans...Rubbishcollectorskeepmillionsofadditionalrecyclablesoutoflandfills”可知,本段通过将纽约市相关政府部门收集的垃圾数量和城市拾荒者捡拾的垃圾数量进行对比,来说明城市拾荒者的重要性,故A项正确。]3.WhatwouldMarinagreewith?A.Businessisbusiness.B.Nojobisnobleorhumble.C.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.D.Onegoodturndeservesanother.答案B[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“JustbecauseIrecycle,itdoesn’tmeanIamlessofapersonthananyoneelse”可知,Marin认为不能因为她拾荒就认为她低人一等。由此可推断,Marin应该会同意“工作没有贵贱之分”的观点,故选B。A项“公事公办”;B项“工作不分贵与卑”;C项“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”;D项“好人有好报”。]考情速递考情速递理解观点+谚语入题本题考查对文中人物观点的理解,是高考阅读理解的常考题型之一,要求同学们根据文中信息推断人物观点。同时,题目选项以英语谚语入题,加大了试题的难度,同学们需要理解选项含义,然后再与文章传递的深层次信息进行匹配,进而选出正确答案。4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Howcanweendpoverty?B.Whoownsourgarbage?C.Whotakesblameforwaste?D.Howshouldwerecyclerubbish?答案B[标题归纳题。本文第一、二段讲述了Marin开始拾荒的原因;第三段以纽约市为例讲述了城市拾荒者的重要性;第四段讲到了美国联邦最高法院规定,家庭垃圾一旦出现在街上,就属于公共财产;第五段援引RyanCastalia的话来讨论城市垃圾的归属;第六段讲到了Marin遭遇的一次不被尊重的经历;最后一段则讲到了其实环保和人权保护可以携手并进。综合以上可知,本文以一个城市拾荒者Marin的故事为线索来探讨城市垃圾的归属问题,故B项适合作本文的标题。]Thecliche(陈词滥调)ofaknitterisawhite-hairedlady.Butinthe1940s,youngmaleRoyalAirForcepilotsusedneedlesastheywaitedfortheirnextmission.Wartimepilotscrashedalotand“lapcrafts”likeknitting,helpedrebuildflexibilityinwoundedlimbswhilealsohelpingtosettlewoundedminds.Theywerethecornerstone(基石)ofearlyoccupationaltherapy(治疗).Today,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldemploythesesametechniques.“Theyarecloselyassociatedwithourmentalhealth,”saysJanineSmith.AlongwithDebMcDonald,sheco-ownsSkeinSisters,astoreinSydney,thatsellssuppliesforknittingandcrocheting(用钩针编织).“IknowthatifIhaven’tknittedforafewdays,Ireallymissit.It’slikemeditation.”PhysiotherapistBetsanCorkhillandoccupationaltherapistJillRileywerepartofateamfromCardiffUniversitythat,10yearsago,surveyedmorethan3,500knittersandfoundthatthemorefrequentlypeopleknitted,thecalmerandhappiertheyfelt.Inreality,itisa“Flow”,whichisaconceptfirstnamedbypsychologistMihalyCsikszentmihalyiashewroteinhisbook,“Thebestmomentsinourlivesarenotthepassive,receptive,relaxingtimes.Thebestmomentsusuallyoccurifaperson’sbodyormindisstretchedtoitslimitsinavoluntaryefforttoaccomplishsomethingdifficultandworthwhile.”ShaunaRichardsonknowsjusthowtruethisis.Theartistspent18monthsinastateofflowwhenshecrochetedthreeseven-metre-longlionsforthe2012CulturalOlympiad.Tocompletethetask,whichrequirednearly60kilometresofwool,shesaysshehadto“zoneeverythingoutandsustainastateofminddrivenbyrhythmandprocess.”Butsmallerprojectswillalsogetyouthere.Evenasimpleknittingorcrochetpatternrequiresattentivenesstoensurethateachstitchismadecorrectly.Andifthere’snotenoughchallengeinthestraightforward,youcanmakeadditions,fromcolourchangestotexturedstitchestohighlycomplicatedpatterns.TheCardiffresearchteamfoundthateventhoughmostofthepeoplesurveyedwereemployed,three-quartersofthosewhoknittedthreeormoretimesaweekfeltsignificantlymoreabletoorganisetheirthoughtsandforgettheirproblems.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了针织对于人们心理健康的积极影响,以及针织如何帮助人们进入一种被称为“Flow”的状态。5.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Togiveadefinition. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toclarifyaconcept. D.Toproveafinding.答案B[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Butinthe1940s...ofearlyoccupationaltherapy(治疗).”可知,本段主要介绍了针织在飞行员中的应用和好处,并在段末总结道:它们(像针织这样的“膝上手艺”)是早期职业治疗的基石。结合下文对针织的介绍可知,第一段的作用是引入主题。故选B。]6.Onwhichoccasionwillapersonexperience“Flow”?A.Playingcomputergamestoone’sheart’scontent.B.Experiencinganahamomentallofasudden.C.Workingonatechnicalchallengedevotedly.D.Beingfrequentlydistractedfromthetask.答案C[推理判断题。根据第四段中对“Flow”的介绍中的“Thebestmomentsusuallyoccurif...difficultandworthwhile.”可知“Flow”这一概念的提出者认为,最美好的时刻通常出现在一个人自愿努力将身体或思维发挥到极限以完成一件困难而有价值的事情时。再根据第五段的事例中的“Tocompletethetask...sustainastateofminddrivenbyrhythmandprocess.”可知,ShaunaRichardson说为了完成这项需要近60公里羊毛的任务,她必须“把所有事情都抛开,保持一种由节奏和过程驱动的思维状态”。据此可知,当一个人全身心投入到一个技术挑战中时,他会体验到“Flow”。故选C。]7.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Challengesinknittingaremadetoaddexcitement.B.ShaunaRichardsonlikesnothingbetterthanfacingchallengesincrocheting.C.Smallerprojectswon’tcontributemuchtoexperiencing“Flow”.D.Frequentknittersfeelmorecapableofhandlingtheirthoughtsandchallenges.答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“three-quartersofthosewho...andforgettheirproblems”可知,在每周针织三次或更多次的人当中,有四分之三的人感觉他们更能够组织自己的想法,忘记自己的困难。据此可推知,常做针织的人感觉更有能力处理他们的想法和挑战。故选D。]8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ActiveHands,CalmMinds.B.UniqueTherapy,EffectiveHealing.C.SpecialTechniques,OrganizedThoughts.D.SimpleKnitting,PhysicalWellbeing.答案A[标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段的最后一句和第三段中的“themorefrequentlypeopleknitted,thecalmerandhappiertheyfelt”可知,本文主要介绍了针织对于人们心理健康的积极影响,所以A项“活跃的双手,平静的心灵”为最佳标题。B项“独特的疗法,有效的治疗”;C项“特别的技巧,有条理的思想”;D项“简单的针织,健康的身体”。]考情速递涵盖多种思维能力的说明文本语篇试题考查同学们是否能够准确理解文章内部逻辑关系、推断事物特点、概括关键信息、总结归纳文章大意,涵盖分析、类比、概括、推断等多种思维能力,与2024年新课标Ⅱ卷D篇设题类似,符合高考试题考查关键能力,促进思维品质发展的命题原则。Ⅱ.完形填空WhenIhaveasadlookonmyfaceandmymindisn’twhereitshouldbe,mywifesays,“Youneedtogohome!”So,Igetmyplaneticket,packmysuitcaseand1SierraLeone,thecountryIescapedfromin1999whenawaroverdiamondsdestroyedour2.Thecivilwarlasted11yearsandruinedmanyschools,leavingchildrenwithoutaneducationorafuture.Itonlyseems3thatItrytohelpthepeopleinmyhomecountry,especiallythechildren.

In2009,10yearsafterIranaway,Ibelieveditwastimetorebuildand4thelifewehadbeforethewar.Withmostoftheschoolsruined,itwasa5task.TherewastheschoolinMburehvillage.Withthehelpofseveralcharities,theorganizationIworkforraisedenoughmoney.Theschoolwasrebuiltandthechildren6mewithsmiles.

Iconsideredthatpaymentinfull.Andit7metodomore.Witheachbrickcemented(用水泥粘结)intoplaceandeachnailhammered,Ithoughtaboutthekidswhoweregoingtohavea8.Workersandvolunteers9dayandnight,rebuildingoneschoolafteranother.

AfterIreturnedtoCanada,mywifecouldseethe10inme.Butsomethinginmylifeherewouldalwaystakemy11backtotheproblemsofm