外研版英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 1　Loing forwards题库

Ⅰ.阅读单词1.boyhoodn. (男性的)童年时期,少年时代2.traineen. 接受工作培训的人;实习生3.correspondentn. 通讯员,记者4.bullfightingn. 斗牛5.dotn. 点,小圆点6.backwardsadv. 往回,往前面7.divergev. (两条路)岔开,分开;分歧8.undergrowthn. (长在大树下或周边的)下木层,下层灌木丛9.thoughtfuladj. 认真思考的,深思的10.refreshmentsn. 茶点,点心和饮料Ⅱ.核心单词1.aprivatedetective 一个私人侦探2.acomplexproblem 一个复杂的问题3.numeroustwinklingstars 众多闪烁的星星4.beinadilemma 处于进退两难的境地5.underthecircumstances 在那种情况下6.sincerelyhopetoseeyouthere 真诚地希望在那里见到你Ⅲ.一词多义1.arisev.(由……)引起;产生,出现;起床;起身①arisefromindividualcauses由个人原因引起②Problemshavearisen.出现问题。③ariseat6:30a.m.早晨6:30起床④arisefromthechair从椅子上站起来2.shiftn.(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间;转移v.改变观点(或态度、做事方式等);转移;变换①switchyourshift调班②ashiftofemphasis重点的转移③shiftmyattention转移我的注意力④shiftpublicopinion改变公众意见Ⅳ.派生单词1.ambitionn. 追求,理想ambitiousadj. 有野心的;有雄心的;宏大的2.historicaladj. (有关)历史的historyn. 历史historicadj. 历史上著名(或重要)的;有历史意义的historiann. 历史学家historicallyadv. 历史上地;从历史观点上说3.ultimatelyadv. 最后,最终ultimateadj. 最终的4.admissionn. 允许进入(加入),进入权;承认;入场费admitvt. 承认;准许进入,允许加入5.participationn. 参加,参与participatev. 参加participantn. 参与者,参加者6.commercialn. (电视或电台的)商业广告adj. 商业(化)的,贸易的commercen. 贸易,商业,商务7.symbolizev. 象征,代表symboln. 象征;符号;代号;记号symbolicadj. 使用象征的;作为象征的;象征性的8.alternativen. 可供选择的事物;可能的选择adj. 替换的;供选择的alternativelyadv. 要不,或者9.mixturen. 混合;混合体mixv. (使)混合,融合;调配;相容mixedadj. 混合的;混杂的;(感情等)矛盾复杂的10.affectionn. 喜爱;钟爱affectvt. 感动;影响11.qualifiedadj. 合格的,胜任的qualifyv. 取得资格(或学历);合格,使合格;使具备资格qualificationn. 资格;合格证书12.fluencyn. 熟练,流利fluentadj. 流利的,流畅的fluentlyadv. 流利地,流畅地Ⅴ.短语词块1.takeaction 采取行动2.comeone’sway 意外地落在某人头上,偶尔发生在某人身上3.beforcedtodosth 被迫做某事4.makeupone’smind 做出决定,拿定主意5.passup 放过,放弃,错过(机会)6.havesecondthoughts (对原先的决定)犹豫,产生怀疑7.putoff 推迟……,使……延期8.reject...outofhand 坚决拒绝……;彻底否决……9.weighup 仔细考虑,权衡10.arisefrom 由……引起11.turndown 拒绝12.(an)insightinto 对……的深刻理解13.inthefaceof 面对(问题、困难、危险)14.onadailybasis 每天Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Onleavinghighschool,hejoinedalocalKansasnewspaperasatraineereporter.(on/upondoing...)高中一毕业,他就进入堪萨斯州当地的一家报社,成了一名实习记者。2.Havingsethimselfthisgoal,hewrotenovelsandshortstoriesbasedonhispersonalexperiencesoftheFirstWorldWar,theSpanishCivilWar,bullfightinganddeep-seafishing,amongstothers.(动词-ing形式的完成式作状语)在为自己设定了这个目标后,他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等方面的亲身经历撰写了长篇小说和短篇小说。3.So,whatevertwistsandturnsyoumightencounter,takealeafoutofthebooksofthesetwoauthorsandbepreparedfortheunexpected.(“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句)因此,无论你可能遇到什么挫折,都要以这两位作者为榜样,为意想不到的事情做好准备。4.Insteadoflookingbackwithregret,weshouldbefacingourfuturewithenergyandoptimism,forthechoicesareours,andoursonly.(发言稿)我们应该积极乐观地面对未来,而非带着遗憾回顾过去,因为选择在于我们自己,而且它们只属于我们自己。▶构词法日积月累名词后缀-cy表示状态,性质;等级,地位。①fluency流畅;熟练,流利②efficiency效率;效能③accuracy准确;精确④frequency频繁;频率⑤tendency倾向;趋势StepOne写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.boyhoodmemories童年时代回忆2.aforeigncorrespondent一个驻外记者3.twoblackdots两个小黑点4.takeastepbackwards向后退一步5.divergefromthefreeway在高速公路处岔开6.athoughtfullook一个深思的表情Ⅱ.核心单词1.detectiven.私家侦探2.complexadj.复杂的3.circumstancen.情况,情形4.sincerelyadv.由衷地,真诚地,真心实意地5.numerousadj.许多的,很多的6.dilemman.进退两难的境地,困境Ⅲ.派生单词1.ambitionn.追求,理想→ambitiousadj.有野心的;有雄心的;宏大的2.admitvt.承认;准许进入,允许加入→admissionn.允许进入(加入),进入权;承认;入场费3.participatev.参加→participantn.参与者,参加者→participationn.参加,参与4.symboln.象征;符号;代号;记号→symbolicadj.使用象征的;作为象征的;象征性的→symbolizev.象征,代表5.mixv.(使)混合,融合;调配;相容→mixturen.混合;混合体→mixedadj.混合的;混杂的;(感情等)矛盾复杂的6.affectvt.感动;影响→affectionn.喜爱;钟爱7.qualifyv.取得资格(或学历);合格,使合格;使具备资格→qualifiedadj.合格的,胜任的→qualificationn.资格;合格证书

8.fluentadj.流利的,流畅的→fluentlyadv.流利地,流畅地→fluencyn.熟练,流利Ⅳ.短语互译1.takeaction采取行动

2.inthefaceof面对(问题、困难、危险)

3.arisefrom由……引起

4.turndown拒绝

5.makeupone’smind做出决定,拿定主意

6.comeone’sway意外地落在某人头上,偶尔发生在某人身上7.weighup仔细考虑,权衡8.passup放过,放弃,错过(机会)9.havesecondthoughts(对原先的决定)犹豫,产生怀疑10.putoff推迟……,使……延期Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:on/upondoing...On/Uponarrivingatthedestination,wecouldhardlywaittobreathethefreshairandadmiredthebeautifulscenery.(旅游)

一到目的地,我们就迫不及待地呼吸新鲜空气,欣赏美丽的风景。2.句型公式:动词-ing形式的完成式作状语Havingfinishedallthehousework,Marydroppedherselfintothesofa,sighinginrelief.(动作描写)

做完所有的家务后,玛丽倒在沙发上,松了一口气。3.句型公式:“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句Whatevertheresultis,weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.(慰问信)

无论结果如何,我们都应该微笑着接受,因为我们已经尽力了。StepTwo练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.Knowingthatyouarefacedwiththedilemmaofdecidingonpropercollegemajor,Iamwritingtooffersomeadvice.2.Realizingmycomplexfeelings,hesmiledandcomfortedmeinstead.3.Toughcircumstanceshaveallowedustohavemorelifeandlearningexperiencesandmadeuswhoweare.4.Theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesisprofound,includingboththenumerousbenefitsitbringsandthesignificantdrawbacksitcauses.Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.TheapplicantspeaksEnglishfluently,andherfluencyinEnglishmakesherstandoutamongotherapplicants.Apartfromthat,sheisfluentinFrench.(fluent)2.Inmyopinion,ifyouareambitiousenough,youcanachieveyourambitionsoonerorlater.(ambition)3.Somanyparticipantsparticipatedintheactivity,andtheirparticipationbroughtusalotofjoy.(participate)4.Thetwoboysadmittedthattheywereadmittedintothetheaterwhichcouldadmit1,000,withfreeadmission.(admit)5.Thelittleboymixedvinegarwithsugar,andthemixturetastednotsobad.(mix)6.Previousexperienceisanecessaryqualificationforthisjob,sotheapplicantisqualifiedforit.(qualify)Ⅲ.短语填空inthefaceof;makeupone’smind;putoff;havesecondthoughts;passup;arisefrom1.Howcanyoupassupthechancetomeetyourfavouriteauthoratthebooksigning?

2.Heagreedtolendmesomemoneyyesterday,butnowhehassecondthoughts.

3.Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthatmanytrafficaccidentsarisefromdrunkdriving.

4.Fromthenon,Imadeupmymindtopasson“love”toothers.Justasasayinggoes,“Rosegivenandfragranceinhands.”

5.Ourschoolhasdecidedtoputoffthefieldtripuntiltheweathergetsbetter.

6.Theothersweregreatlyinspiredbyhiscourageinthefaceofadversity.

Ⅳ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mybiggestambitioninmyboyhoodwastobeacorrespondentandtobeabletocovereventsaroundtheworld.Tothisend,Imadeupmymind1.tostudy(study)hardandactivelyparticipated2.invariousactivitiesorganizedbytheschool.Fortunately,I3.wasadmitted(admit)tojournalismmajorbyafamousuniversity.Duringmycollegelife,Ididn’tpassupanychancetostudyandexercise,andtriedtomakemyselfa4.qualified(qualify)journalist.However,aftergraduation,Iwasfacedwithtwo5.alternatives(alternative).Iwasin6.adilemmabecausemygirlfriendinsistedthatI(should)gotoapublishinghousewithherand7.thatIwritedetectivestoriesor8.historical(history)novelstocatertothetastesofyoungpeople.Inthis9.circumstances(circumstance),Iweighed10.uptheoptionsanddecidedtoacceptmygirlfriend’sadvice.Afteryearsofhardwork,manyofmyworkshavebeenpublishedandIhavemadegreatachievementsinthefieldofliterature.1.alternativen.可供选择的事物;可能的选择adj.替换的;供选择的→alternativelyadv.要不,或者佳句背诵Myheartsankatthenews,butsoonitdawneduponmethatIhadnoalternativebuttofacethereality.(心理描写,2022·浙江1月卷)听到这个消息,我的心沉了下来,但很快我就意识到,我除了面对现实别无选择。analternativeto...analternativeto...……的替代品(to是介词)havenoalternativebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事以练促学单句语法填空/同义替换①TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativetocommunicating(communicate)withothers.②Underthiscircumstance,Icouldcometoyourhouse,oralternatively(alternative),wecouldmeetintown.③Toreducepollution,wehumanbeingshavenochoicebuttochoosesomecleanresources.havenoalternativebut

2.mixturen.混合;混合体→mixv.(使)混合,融合→mixedadj.混合的;混杂的;(感情等)矛盾复杂的佳句背诵Amixtureofguiltandunwillingnessoverwhelmedher,Karieslowlypickedupherpen,hesitant.(情绪+动作描写)一种内疚和不情愿交织的感觉淹没了卡莉,她慢慢地拿起笔,犹豫着。amixtureofamixtureof……的混合物mix...with/and... 把……和……混合mixupsthwithsth 混淆/弄混某物与某物以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Joey,onceagain,hadtakenhisentirelunchplateandmixed(mix)allthefoodtogether.②Mixed(mix)withwind,therainwasfallingontomyface.③Witheverythingprepared,amixtureofexcitementandhappinessflashedthroughtheirmind.(情绪描写)

一切准备就绪后,一种兴奋和幸福交织的感觉闪过他们的脑海。3.qualifiedadj.合格的,胜任的→qualifyv.取得资格(或学历);合格,使合格;使具备资格→qualificationn.资格;授权;合格证书佳句背诵Withalltheseadvantages,IholdthebeliefthatIwillbeveryqualifiedforthejob.(申请信)具备所有这些优势,我坚信我非常有资格胜任这项工作。bequalifiedforsth/todosthbequalifiedforsth/todosth有资格做某事;胜任做某事qualifysbforsth/todosth使某人获得做某事的资格;使某人胜任做某事[点拨]表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达还有:beupto、befitfor、beequalto等。以练促学一句多译我认为我有资格成为一名志愿者。如果您能给我一次机会,我将非常感激。(申请信)→IthinkIamqualifiedtobe/foravolunteer.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemeachance.(qualified)

→IholdthebeliefthatIhavethequalificationtobeavolunteer.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemeachance.(qualification)

4.makeupone’smind做出决定,拿定主意佳句背诵HemadeuphismindthathewouldtakeafterHandy,whospreadkindnessandwasalwayswillingtolendahelpinghand.他决定效仿汉迪,像他一样传播善良,乐于助人。(主旨升华)makeupone’smindtodosthmakeupone’smindtodosth 下定决心做某事changeone’smind 改变主意keep/bear...inmind 记住……以练促学完成语段WhenImadeupmymindtobecomeanartist(下定决心要成为一名艺术家),everyonesaidIwascrazy.Whatevertheysaid,Iwouldnotchangemymind(改变主意),becausethatwasmylifelonggoal.Myfathersaid,“Onceyouhavesetupagoal,justgoforit.”Ialwayskeep/bearthatinmind(记得这句话)andwillnotforgetthatinanycase.

片段巩固用alternative;mixture;qualified;makeupone’smind完成“职业选择”片段写作提示:选择职业道路时,通常有多种选择→有些人考虑不同领域的混合→要具备资格,需要决心和明确的目标→下定决心,专注于所选的道路以取得成功Whenitcomestochoosingacareerpath,thereareoftenmultiplealternatives.Somepeoplemightconsideramixtureofdifferentfieldstofindtheonethatsuitsthembest.However,beingqualifiedforaparticularcareerrequiresdeterminationandacleargoal.Onemustmakeupone’smindandfocusonthechosenpathtoachievesuccess.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Admissiontolecturesisfree.(2022·全国乙卷)n.入场费②They’replanningtodevelopthewholesiteintoashoppingcomplex.n.建筑群2.选出shift的汉语意思A.n.轮班B.v.改变C.v.转移①Forsomekids,allyouhavetodoisshiftoneelementoftheirdiet.B②Infact,universitiesoftenshiftemphasisfromteachingtootherrankingfactors.C③Don’twaitforme.Iwillbeonthedayshift.A3.根据上下文写出arise的词性和词义Problemscan①ariseunexpectedlyinourlives.Sometimes,they②arisefromourownactionsordecisions.Everymorning,weshould③arisefromourbedsearlyandstartthedaywithenergy.Whenaquestionisaskedinclass,we④arisefromourseatstoanswer.Aschallengesarise,wemustarisetotheoccasionandfindsolutions.①v.出现②v.由……引起③v.起床④v.起身

句型公式:“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句课本原句:So,whatevertwistsandturnsyoumightencounter,takealeafoutofthebooksofthesetwoauthorsandbepreparedfortheunexpected.因此,无论你可能遇到什么挫折,都要以这两位作者为榜样,为意想不到的事情做好准备。佳句背诵WhenitcomestolearningEnglishbeyondtheclassroom,choosewhateverwaythatweenjoy.(短文投稿,2022·全国乙卷)谈及课堂之外学习英语,我们要选择我们喜欢的任何方式。“nomatter+“nomatter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词-ever”在用法上的异同:(1)“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。(2)whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。(3)whenever、wherever、however引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhen/where/how,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。以练促学单句写作①Whenever/NomatterwhenIhearthesong,IwillsmileandpicturethedaysIsharedwithmygrandmother.

无论我什么时候听到这首歌,我都会微笑着想象我和祖母在一起的日子。②However/Nomatterhowdifficultitwas,noparticipantsgaveuphalfway.(新高考Ⅰ卷)

无论多么困难,没有参与者半途而废。③Whoever/Anyonewhoisinterestedinmakingsmallinventionscanjoininit.(通知)

任何对小发明感兴趣的人都可以参加。维度一核心知识运用1.Inthestory,successinbecominganindependentscientistwasultimately(ultimate)achievedthroughcollaboration,adaptivelearning,andresilienceinthefaceofsetbacks.(2024·北京卷)2.Themosteffectivewaytogothroughlifeistotrytobethatraremixture(mix)knownasfoxyhedgehog.(2024·北京卷)3.Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it’sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.(2023·浙江1月卷)4.Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives(alternative),it’scomfortableandrelaxing.(2023·浙江1月卷)5.NowateamofresearchersledbyDaminBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose(arise).(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)6.Weofferscholarshipstolow-incomeschoolsandyouthorganizations,subjecttoavailability.Participation(participate)inapost-visitsurveyisrequired.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)7.Shealsoadmitted(admit)thatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefromSweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.(2022·浙江1月卷)8.KnowingIwasinadilemma,Gracehadasincerecommunicationwithme.9.Hissonwaspraisedforspeechesofremarkablefluency(fluent).10.Sheenviedourfamilyatmospherewhereourparentsshowedusmuchaffection(affect).维度二单句写作1.On/Uponseeingthefrighteningbear,Iheldmybreath,notdaringtomakeamovement.(on/upondoing...)

一看到那只可怕的熊,我屏住呼吸,不敢动。2.Havingsubscribedto“21stCenturyTeens”fornearlythreeyears,I’mwritingtosharemyreadingexperiencesandviews.(动词-ing形式的完成式作状语)

订阅《21世纪青少年》近三年,我写信分享我的阅读经历和观点。3.Whatevershedid,shewasalwayscarefulnottohurtAmy’sfeelings.(“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句)

无论她做什么,她总是小心翼翼,不伤害艾米的感情。4.Inaddition,callonpeoplearoundustotakeaction,too.Ibelievewewillhavecleaneroceans.(时态)

此外,呼吁我们周围的人也采取行动。我相信我们会有更干净的海洋。5.Tocelebratethefestival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.(时态)

为了庆祝这个节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。维度三单元知识拾遗Hepossessed1.aburningambitiontoachievegreatthings.However,2.numerouschallengesarosealongtheway.Despitethis,hedidn’t3.putoffhispursuit.4.Hissincerelydeepaffectionforhisdreamkepthimperseveringandstrivingtowardshisgoal.

他怀揣着实现伟大事业的强烈愿望。然而,一路上出现了许多挑战。尽管如此,他并没有放弃自己的追求。他对梦想的真挚深情使他坚持不懈地朝着目标努力。Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(申请信——申请志愿者职位)假定你是李华,得知画展现需要一名志愿者。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做一名志愿者,内容包括:(1)写信目的;(2)个人优势;(3)期待回复。根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步字斟句酌优化表达①得知中国画展览需要一名志愿者,我不想错过这个机会。(动词-ing形式作状语,passup)LearningthatavolunteerfortheChinesepaintingexhibitionisneeded,Idon’twanttopassuptheopportunity.

②我认为我能胜任这份工作。(qualified)IthinkIamqualifiedforthisjob.

③我从孩童期就学习中国画。(boyhood)IhavelearnedChinesepaintingsinceboyhood.

④我中英文流利,曾参加很多相关活动。(fluent,participate,numerous)IamfluentinbothChineseandEnglishandhaveparticipatedinnumerousrelatedactivities.

⑤我真诚地希望您能给我这个机会,期待您的回复。(sincerely)Isincerelyhopeyoucouldoffermetheopportunity,andlookforwardtoyourreply.

第二步恰当过渡完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)DearSirorMadam,LearningthatavolunteerfortheChinesepaintingexhibitionisneeded,Idon’twanttopassuptheopportunity.IthinkIamqualifiedforthisjob,becauseIhavelearnedChinesepaintingsinceboyhood.Besides,IamfluentinbothChineseandEnglishandhaveparticipatedinnumerousrelatedactivities.Isincerelyhopeyoucouldoffermetheopportunity,andlookforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHuaⅡ.话题下的续写能力提升(根据提示续写2场景)场景导语:“我”年少时第一次参加足球比赛,发现自己缺乏队友们所具有的对比赛的热情和积极进取的精神→多年来,“我”参加各种各样的体育活动,却始终没能成为顶级球员→爸爸不断的鼓励,告诉“我”要做自己……场景续写1:终于开窍→向优秀队员和对手学习→思考并寻求提升自我的方法Eventually,Iunderstoodsomethingallofasudden.Ibegantointegratetheopponents’playandteamworkintomysoccerpracticeandgames.Ifeltthatitwasagreatmomentformetolearnfromotherbetterskilledsoccerplayers.Asanoldsayinggoes,experienceisthebestteacher.Ispentmytimeinworkingouthard.IwasawarethatIhadtofigurethelessonsoutonmyown.Obviously,Ineededtoimprovemyselfinasense.Therefore,Igavealotofthoughttoit.

场景续写2:突然想到下一步该怎么应对→认清不足,做出改变→全力以赴、不放弃→想起父亲的话,做自己→成为顶级球员→坚信“世上无难事,只怕有心人”ItsuddenlyoccurredtomewhatIshoulddowithitnext.Iknewthatmylackofabilityforsportswassomethingthatseparatedmefrommanypeople.Inthatcase,Iwouldnevergiveup.IparticipatedinwhateverIwasdoingtothebestofmyability.Myfatheroncetoldme,“Beyourselfandyouwillnotbelookeddownon.”Keepingitinmind,Ibecameatopsoccerplayerwithmystrongdeterminationandhardwork.IholdthebeliefthatnothingisdifficultifIputmyheartintoit.

课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解WhileclimbingtheGreatWallisaonce-in-a-lifetimedreamformany,JimSpearhastakenitastepfurther,spendingthelast18yearsasavillagerresidingbeneaththisancientwonder.“NeverdidIdreamIwouldhavethechancetovisittheGreatWall,letaloneliveunderit,”said68-year-oldSpear,aself-taughtarchitectfromtheUnitedStates.Spear’sinterestinChinabeganduringhiscollegedays.ItdeepenedwhenhemetTang,aChinesegirl,in1980,andtheygotmarriedtwoyearslater.In1986,hedecidedtodropoutofhisdoctoralstudiesinChinesepoliticsattheUniversityofCaliforniaandmovedtoChina“togettotheheartofthings”.“IrealizedthatifIbecameascholarofChina,basedoverseas,Iwouldn’tbeabletoexperiencewhatwashappeninginChina,”Spearsaid.In1995,thecouplesecuredalong-termrentofatraditionalvillagefarmhouseinMutianyuanddecidedtomakeittheirfull-timehometenyearslater.Shortlyafterpossessingfull-timevillagelife,herentedanabandonedschoolhouseandtransformeditintoarestaurantandartglassfactoryforasustainabletourismbusiness.Healsoturnedaformerfactoryintoahotelandhelpedrenovate(翻新)over20householdsintorestaurants.Besides,heexploredotherwaystosupportthoseresidentsinruralareas.“Iwanttodosomethingforthem,”Spearsaid.Spear’sdesignsreflecthisnaturaltalentforfusing(使融合)traditionalandmodernelements,adoptingtheGreatWallstyle.However,Spearemphasizedhisapproachinvolvescreatingdesignsandviews“thatecho(映现)theGreatWall,notcopyit”.In2014,SpearreceivedtheGreatWallFriendshipAwardfromtheBeijinggovernment.Talkingaboutthefuture,SpearseesabundantpossibilitiesinChina,drivenbysignificantdomesticdemandandagrowingemphasisonpreservinghistoricstructures.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。68岁的美国人JimSpear在长城脚下生活了18年。他和中国妻子一起体验长城脚下中国人的生活,用自己的设计天赋为当地人做贡献,并因此受到北京市政府的表彰。他用自己的行为践行着对中国长城和中国历史的热爱。1.WhatdoweknowaboutSpearfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.HelikestoclimbtheGreatWall.B.HecametoChinawhenhewas18.C.Heoncedreamedofbecomingavillager.D.HehaslivedbeneaththeGreatWallforyears.答案D[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“JimSpear...asavillagerresidingbeneaththisancientwonder”和第二段中他说的话可知,Spear之前从没想过自己能到长城旅游,更别说住在长城脚下,而他在长城脚下的村庄里生活了18年。故选D项。]2.What’sSpear’spurposeofmovingtoChinawhenhewasincollege?A.ToseearealChina.B.TomarryaChinesegirl.C.Toworkasanarchitect.D.TostudyChinesepolitics.答案A[推理判断题。根据第三段中JimSpear的话“Irealizedthat...experiencewhatwashappeninginChina”可知,Spear认为自己如果要成为研究中国的学者,那么在海外的话,就无法体验到中国发生的事。由此可知,大学时他来到中国的目的是看看真正的中国。故选A项。]3.WhatisspecialaboutSpear’sdesigns?A.Theyareinspiredbyruralresidents.B.TheycopythestyleoftheGreatWall.C.Theyhavereceivedaworld-wideprize.D.Theyconnectthepastwiththepresent.答案D[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Spear’sdesignsreflecthis...adoptingtheGreatWallstyle.”可知,他的设计采用了长城风格,融合了传统和现代元素,即连接了过去和现在。故选D项。]4.WhatwillSpearpossiblyplantodointhefuture?A.Continuetoengageinculturalexchange.B.Workforanotherawardinstructurepreserving.C.Findmorewaystosupporttheruralresidents.D.ConductfurtherstudyintohistoricstructuresinChina.答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Talkingaboutthefuture,Spearseesabundantpossibilities...onpreservinghistoricstructures.”可知,谈到未来时,Spear看到了丰富的可能性,因为他看到了巨大的国内需求和中国对保护历史建筑物的日益重视。由此可推知,未来他可能会继续研究中国历史上著名的建筑物。故选D项。]There’saclassicshortstoryinwhichayoungmantravelsyearsaheadandmeetshisfutureself.Narrativeslikethishavealwaysbeenrelatedtosciencefiction.Butwhatifyoucouldmeetyourfutureself?I’mapsychologistandprofessor.Myresearchoverthepast15yearsisn’tfarfromthistheme.I’velargelyfocusedonhowpeoplethinkaboutandrelatetotheirfutureselves,andexploredthereasonswhywehavesuchahardtimemakinglong-termdecisions.Inmyresearch,I’velearntthatweoftenimagineourfutureselveslikestrangers,whichcanimpedeusinmakinglong-termchoices.Onewaytobridgetheemotionalgapistothinkoffutureselvesinmoreconcreteandvividways,likewritingletterstoandfromone’sfutureself,whichcanstrengthentheconnectionbetweencurrentandfutureselves.Admittedly,havingpeopleengageinanimaginedconversationisafarcryfromactuallymeetingone’sfutureself.Butit’sbelievedthatfarricherinteractionsmayhappeninthenearfuturethroughartificialintelligence(AI).Itwouldn’tbepredictingexactlywhatchoicesyou’dmake.It’dbemoreaboutshowingyourpotential,basedonthelivesofpeoplesimilartoyou:notjustonepossiblelifeforyou,butrather,themostpossiblelifepathforyou.Suchinteractionscouldoffervaluableinsightsintoourpotentialfutureselves.

So,toreturntomyoriginalquestion:ifyoucouldtime-traveltomeetyourfutureself,whataspectsofyourlifewouldyouwanttoknowmoreabout?Irealized,throughthoroughreflections,thatthemostpowerfulquestionswouldbeonesthathelpedmemakebetterchoicestoday—questionsexploringpersonalgrowth,regretsandunfulfilledactions.Actually,youdon’tneedtowaitfortimetraveloradvancedAIforanswersthatyoucanacton.Throughmyresearch,I’velearntthatsimplytakingabitoftimetopicturethismeetingcanhelpyoumakebetterchoicesnow.Allyouneedisalittleimagination,andthewillingnesstoputyourselfintheshoesofapersonyoucurrentlytreatasastranger.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者针对遇见未来的自己相关主题进行了研究,认为遇到未来的自己时要问的问题应是关于探索个人的成长、遗憾和未实现的行动的问题,并指出我们不必等待时间旅行或先进人工智能来获得答案,花点时间想象下与未来的自己见面的场景便可帮助我们现在做出更好的选择。5.Whyisitdifficultforpeopletomakelong-termdecisionsaccordingtotheauthor?A.Technologyfortimetravelisnotavailable.B.Strangerscannothelpwithdecision-making.C.Writingletterstoone’sfutureselfisimpractical.D.Peoplefindithardtoconnectwiththeirdistantselves.答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inmyresearch...futureselveslikestrangers...long-termchoices.”(在我的研究中,我了解到我们经常把未来的自己想象成陌生人,这会阻碍我们做出长期的选择)以及下文给出的和未来的自己建立联系的建议可知,人们难以做出长期的决定是因为不容易和遥远的自己建立良好关系。故选D。]6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“afarcryfrom”meaninparagraph3?A.contradictoryto B.verydifferentfromC.notasconvenientas D.lesspopularthan答案B[词义猜测题。根据下文中的“Butit’sbelievedthatfarricherinteractions...throughartificialintelligence(AI).”(但人们相信,在不久的将来,通过人工智能可能会发生更丰富的互动)可知,让人们进行想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己相去甚远,也就是说想象的与现实的十分不同,故afarcryfrom与verydifferentfrom同义。故选B。]7.Whichquestionwouldtheauthormostlikelyaskhisfutureself?A.Whyhasn’tmyhardworkeverpaidoff?B.WhatcanAIdotohelppeoplebecomebetterpersons?C.Ifgiventhechance,whatwouldyouhavedonedifferently?D.HowcanIsucceedwithoutgoingthroughallthedifficultiesinlife?答案C[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“themostpowerfulquestionswouldbeones...questionsexploringpersonalgrowth,regretsandunfulfilledactions”可知,作者意识到,最有力的问题将是那些帮助自己今天做出更好选择的问题,也就是探索个人成长、遗憾和未实现的行动的问题。故选C。]8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Timetravel:Whatifyoumetyourfutureself?B.Myresearch:Howdopeopleviewtheirfutureselves?C.Emotionalgap:Whycan’twetalkwithourfutureselves?D.Artificialintelligence:Isitpossibletomeetyourfutureself?答案A[标题归纳题。结合全文内容可知,本文开头由“一个经典短篇小说讲述一个年轻人穿越多年,遇见未来的自己”引出话题——如果我们遇见未来的自己会怎样?故A项作为标题最佳。故选A。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2025·长沙适应性考试)Whenworkinginperson,mostofushaveanaturalunderstandingofnon-verbal(非言语的)signals.Thatistosay,allthewaysinwhichwe1withoutwordsworkout.

2,inthedigitalworkspace,thiskindofcommunicationcanseemless3.Manywork4nowhappenviaonlinechats,andevenvideomeetingscangoaheadwithcamerasoff.

Partsofnon-verbalcommunicationhavealways5outsideface-to-faceinteraction,ofcourse.Forexample,theseunnoticeable6couldbeginwithaprofilepictureonyourCV(简历);evendecidingwhetherornottoaddanemoji(表情符号)inaworkgroupchatcanchangethe7oftheinteraction.

Yetthenewworkplaceshiftinwhereandhowweworkhas8theworldofnon-verbalcommunicationgreatly.Forinstance,invideocalls,thebackgroundcangiveallsortsofnon-verbal9aboutco-workers’lifestyles,10andlevelofprofessionalism.Let’ssay,ifaco-workerpositionsthecamerabelowthechin(下巴),11otherstolookup,youbegintodislikehimorher,almost12.Indeed,datahaveshownthatduringvideocalls,factorslikecameraangles,distancefromthecameraandabilitytomakeeyecontactall13howlikeablepeoplearenoticedtobe.

Inanewworldwhere14workingisrapidlydeveloping,beingwillingtoengagenon-verballymakesit15tounderstandothersandtobeunderstood.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无论是在面对面工作中还是在互联网时代的远程工作中,非言语交流都很重要。以非言语的方式参与沟通会让你更容易理解别人,也更容易被别人理解。1.A.unite B.communicateC.recognize D.cooperate答案B[文章首句“Whenworkinginperson...verbal(非言语的)signals.”指的是当面对面工作时,我们大多数人对非言语信号有一种自然的理解。结合所给选项可推知,空处所在句应指面对面交流时我们所有不用语言的交流方式都能起到作用。]2.A.Besides B.HoweverC.Otherwise D.Therefore答案B[根据空后的“inthedigitalworkspace,thiskindofcommunicationcanseemless”与第一段内容构成转折关系。]

3.A.important B.separableC.adventurous D.flexible答案A[下文中的“evenvideomeetingscangoaheadwithcamerasoff”是对此处内容的佐证,所以推测在数字工作空间中,这种交流似乎不那么重要了。]4.A.conditions B.conversationsC.seats D.paces答案B[根据空后的“viaonlinechats,andevenvideomeetings”可知,此处是说“现在许多工作对话都是通过在线聊天进行的,甚至视频会议也可以在关闭摄像头的情况下进行”。]5.A.survived B.provedC.transformed D.existed答案D[根据下文举的例子中的“aprofilepictureonyourCV(简历);evendecidingwhetherornottoaddanemoji(表情符号)inaworkgroupchat”可知,此处是说,部分非言语交流一直存在于面对面的互动之外。]6.A.signals B.mapsC.journeys D.articles答案A[本句中的“aprofilepictureonyourCV(简历)”以及“emoji(表情符号)inaworkgroupchat”都属于相互交流中给予对方的各种信号。]7.A.milestone B.analysisC.feel D.study答案C[结合语境和常识可知,此处说的是“甚至在工作群聊天中决定是否添加表情符号也会改变互动的感觉”。]8.A.quitted B.expandedC.failed D.reduced答案B[根据常识、主语“thenewworkplaceshift”和空后的宾语“theworldofnon-verbalcommunicationgreatly”可推测,此处表示工作地点和工作方式上的新转变极大地扩展了非言语交流的范畴。]9.A.information B.changeC.application D.concern答案A[此处在举例说明工作地点和工作方式的新转变扩大了非言语交流的范畴。结合常识可知,在视频通话中,背景可以提供关于同事的生活方式、兴趣和专业水平的各种非言语信息。]10.A.meetings B.suggestionsC.interests D.videos答案C[参见上题解析。]11.A.inspiring B.forcingC.permitting D.warning答案B[根据空前的“aco-workerpositionsthecamerabelowthechin(下巴)”并结合常识可知,如果一个同事俯视镜头,那肯定会迫使其他人抬头看。]12.A.continuously B.willinglyC.carefully D.instantly答案D[如果某个同事的行为导致其他人不舒服,那他会几乎马上招来其他人的反感。]13.A.impact B.accomplishC.report D.harm答案A[