2026全国高校英语专业四级（TEM4）考试历年参考题库含答案详解

2026全国高校英语专业四级（TEM4）考试历年参考题库含答案详解一、选择题从给出的选项中选择正确答案（共100题）1、Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainsagrammaticalerror?A.TheteacheraskedthestudentstosubmittheirassignmentsbyFriday.B.Eachoftheboyshavecompletedtheirportionoftheproject.C.Sherecommendedthatheattendtheconferencenextweek.D.Thebook,whichwaspublishedlastyear,hasalreadybecomeabestseller.2、Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:ThecompanydecidedtoitsoperationstoAsianmarketsafterathoroughanalysisoftheeconomiclandscape.A.expandB.contractC.limitD.restrict3、Theword"benevolent"isclosestinmeaningto:A.cruelB.kindC.indifferentD.ambitious4、WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyCORRECT?A.Neithertheteachernorthestudentswaspresentatthemeeting.B.Thedog,alongwithitspuppies,areplayingintheyard.C.Notonlythechildrenbutalsotheirfatherenjoysthemovie.D.Thenumberofparticipantsintheeventhaveincreasedsignificantly.5、Choosethecorrectprepositiontocompletethesentence:Sheisparticularlyproficientplayingthepiano.A.atB.inC.onD.with6、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ubiquitous"meaninthefollowingsentence:Smartphoneshavebecomeubiquitousinmodernsociety.A.rareB.expensiveC.everywhereD.complicated7、Whichofthefollowingwordsisanexampleofahomonym?A.big-largeB.see-seaC.happy-joyfulD.fast-quick8、Selectthesentencethatusesthesubjunctivemoodcorrectly:A.IwishIamtallerthanIamnow.B.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.C.Shesuggeststhathegoestothedoctorimmediately.D.Itisimportantthatsheishereontime.9、Theterm"collocation"inlinguisticsrefersto:A.awordformedfromtheinitiallettersofotherwordsB.thehabitualjuxtapositionoftwoormorewordsC.awordthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwardsD.aphrasewithafigurativemeaningdifferentfromitsliteralmeaning10、Whichsentencecontainsanidiomaticexpression?A.Shehasbeenworkingontheprojectforthreemonths.B.Themeetingwascalledoffduetothemanager'sillness.C.Hearrivedattheofficeateighto'clock.D.Theydiscussedthebudgetduringtheconference.11、Identifythefunctionoftheclause"thateveryoneagreedon"inthesentence:Thisistheplanthateveryoneagreedon.A.adjectiveclauseB.adverbclauseC.nounclauseD.independentclause12、WhichofthefollowingwordsisderivedfromaGreekroot?A.motherB.telephoneC.houseD.book13、Whatistherhetoricaldeviceusedinthefollowingsentence:Thewindwhisperedthroughthetrees?A.simileB.metaphorC.personificationD.hyperbole14、Choosethecorrectarticleusage:UnitedStatesisacountrylocatedinNorthAmerica.A.AB.AnC.TheD.Noarticleneeded15、Whichofthefollowingsentencesusesparallelstructurecorrectly?A.Shelikesreading,toswim,andhiking.B.Heishonest,hard-working,andheisalsokind.C.Theteacheraskedustolisten,takenotes,andaskquestions.D.Theyenjoyplayingbasketballandtowatchmoviesonweekends.16、Theprefix"un-"intheword"unhappy"expresses:A.negationB.repetitionC.additionD.reversal17、Whatistheantonymof"ephemeral"?A.fleetingB.eternalC.temporaryD.brief18、Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword?A.quicklyB.nationwideC.unhappyD.beautifully19、Inthesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,theycontinuedtheirjourney,"theword"despite"functionsasa:A.coordinatingconjunctionB.subordinatingconjunctionC.prepositionD.adverb20、Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:Theprofessor'slecturewassothateventheexpertsintheaudiencestruggledtounderstandit.A.lucidB.straightforwardC.obscureD.clear21、Despitetheheavyrain,thestudentscontinuedtheiroutdoortraining,_theweatherconditions.A.ignoringB.toignoreC.ignoredD.beingignored22、Theprofessorsuggestedthateverystudent_aresearchpaperonthistopicbeforethefinalexam.A.writesB.wroteC.writeD.willwrite23、Itisthroughyearsofpracticeandreflection_onecantrulymasteraforeignlanguage.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where24、Thenewpolicywillbe_effectivefromnextmonth,whichmeansallemployeesneedtoadjusttheirschedulesaccordingly.A.specificallyB.officiallyC.carefullyD.recently25、Notuntilsheremovedherglasses_howbeautifulshewas.A.IrealizedB.didIrealizeC.IhadrealizedD.hadIrealized26、Thecompanyhasdecidedto_itsproductioncapacityby50percenttomeetthegrowingmarketdemand.A.expandB.compressC.reduceD.maintain27、_thefactthathehadlittleexperience,heperformedexcellentlyinthecompetition.A.AlthoughB.DespiteC.InspiteD.Even28、Theresearcherspentthreedecadesinvestigatingthe_effectsoflong-termexposuretolow-levelradiation.A.acuteB.chronicC.immediateD.temporary29、Sheadmittedthatshehadmadeamistake,butrefusedtotake_forit.A.responsibilityB.accountC.advantageD.note30、Thecommitteehasyettoreachaconsensusontheissue,_hascauseddisappointmentamongstakeholders.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it31、Bythetimetheemergencyteamarrived,thefiremenhadalready_thefireandensuredeveryone'ssafety.A.putoutB.putoffC.putupD.putaway32、Theprofessoraskedusto_thearticleandidentifyanylogicalfallaciesintheauthor'sargument.A.scrutinizeB.glanceC.browseD.skim33、_moretime,Iwouldhavefinishedtheprojectaheadofschedule.A.IfIhadB.HadIC.ShouldID.WereI34、Thegovernmentannouncedaseriesofmeasuresaimedat_inflationandstabilizingtheeconomy.A.curbingB.stimulatingC.acceleratingD.generating35、Hespokeso_thatnobodyinthebackrowcouldhearwhathewassaying.A.softlyB.clearlyC.loudlyD.firmly36、Thediscoveryofancientartifactsintheregionhas_newlightonthecivilizationthatonceflourishedthere.A.castB.shedC.thrownD.given37、_themeetinghadbeencalledoff,allparticipantswereinformedimmediatelyviaemail.A.AssoonasB.SinceC.AlthoughD.Unless38、Theauthor'slatestnovelhasbeenwidelypraisedforits_portrayalofeverydaylifeinruralChina.A.authenticB.artificialC.superficialD.abstract39、Neithertheteachernorthestudents_awareofthechangeintheexaminationschedule.A.wasB.wereC.isD.hasbeen40、Thescientist'sgroundbreakingresearchhas_thefieldofquantumcomputing,attractingattentionfrominstitutionsworldwide.A.revolutionizedB.maintainedC.stagnatedD.limited41、Thecommitteeadecisionlastweekdespitethelackofconsensus.A.reachedB.arrivedC.gotD.came42、Notuntilthemeetingstartedwhattheproblemwas.A.IrealizedB.didIrealizeC.IhadrealizedD.hadIrealized43、Theprofessoraskedustowriteareportonthedatawecollected.A.baseB.basedC.basingD.tobase44、theheavyrain,westillwentoutforawalk.A.AlthoughB.DespiteC.EvenD.However45、Shesuggestedthathetheprojectassoonaspossible.A.finishB.finishesC.finishedD.finishing46、Thebookisworth.A.readingB.toreadC.beingreadD.toberead47、Ihadexpected,shepassedtheexamwithflyingcolors.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.What48、Bytheendofnextyear,Iherefortenyears.A.willhaveworkedB.willworkC.shallworkD.amworking49、Itishightimethatwemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake50、Theteachertoldusthattheeartharoundthesun.A.movesB.movedC.wasmovingD.hasmoved51、Themoreyoupractice,youwillbecome.A.themoreconfidentB.themostconfidentC.moreconfidentD.confident52、Hardlythestationwhenthetrainstarted.A.IhadreachedB.hadIreachedC.IreachedD.didIreach53、Thereasonwhyhewaslatewashemissedthebus.A.becauseB.thatC./D.why54、Itwasnotuntilmidnightthestormstopped.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.as55、Weshouldmakeeveryefforttopreventpollution.A.fromhappeningB.fromoccurredC.tohappenD.happening56、Thedoctoradvisedhimtogiveup.A.smokingB.tosmokeC.smokeD.smoked57、Nothingcantheimportanceofeducation.A.overestimateB.estimateC.evaluateD.assess58、TheinformationisavailableontheInternet.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who59、Idon'tthinkitishewhoistofortheaccident.A.blameB.beblamedC.blamingD.blamed60、Thequestionatthemeetingnowisveryimportant.A.discussedB.beingdiscussedC.todiscussD.havingdiscussed61、选择正确答案填空：Notuntilthemeetingwasovertheimportanceofthedecision.A.didherealizeB.herealizedC.hadherealizedD.hehadrealized62、Theteacheraskedussomuchnoiseinthelibrary.A.notmakeB.notmakingC.nottomakeD.notmade63、Bythetimeheretires,ProfessorJohnsoninthisuniversityforfortyyears.A.willteachB.willhavetaughtC.hastaughtD.taught64、Thereasonhewaslatewashemissedtheearlybus.A.why;becauseB.that;thatC.why;thatD.forwhich;because65、Themorecarefullyyoureadtheinstructions,mistakesyouwillmake.A.fewerB.thefewerC.lessD.theless66、Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherpresentatthemeetingyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are67、IfIyou,Ithatopportunityimmediately.A.were;wouldseizeB.was;willseizeC.were;willseizeD.am;wouldseize68、Thebookbymillionsofstudentssinceitwaspublished.A.hassoldB.hasbeensoldC.hadsoldD.wassold69、IwishIharderwhenIwasatuniversity.A.studiedB.hadstudiedC.wouldstudyD.study70、Themanagerinsistedthateveryoneontime.A.arrivesB.arriveC.arrivedD.arriving71、therain,wewouldhavereachedthedestinationontime.A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfithasnotbeenforC.WereitnotforD.Ifitwerenotfor72、Thenewpolicyisexpectedtobenefitallcitizens.A.withnoexceptionB.withoutexceptionC.withnodoubtD.withoutdoubt73、Thescientistgaveaexplanationofthecomplextheorytothegeneralpublic.A.accessibleB.acceptableC.adaptableD.adoptable74、Theprojectwasduetolackoffunding.A.putoffB.putoutC.putawayD.putforward75、Shespokeinaverymannerthatannoyedeveryoneintheroom.A.condescendingB.considerateC.considerableD.conducive76、Theprofessor'slecturewassothatmanystudentsfellasleep.A.tediousB.vividC.profoundD.fascinating77、Theevidencethatthedefendantwasnotatthesceneofthecrime.A.sustainsB.illustratesC.indicatesD.demonstrates78、Thecompanyisdeterminedtoitsmarketsharedespitefiercecompetition.A.expandB.extendC.stretchD.enlarge79、Thetwotheoriesare;theycontradicteachotherfundamentally.A.compatibleB.consistentC.incompatible80、hislimitedexperience,hecompletedtheprojectsuccessfully.A.InspiteofB.DespiteofC.AlthoughD.However81、Thespeaker'svoiceasheapproachedthemicrophone.A.droppedB.decreasedC.loweredD.declined82、Thecommitteereachedadecisionafterhoursofheateddiscussion.A.unanimousB.universalC.uniformD.unite83、Thepoliticianmadeaskillfultothequestionwithoutgivingadirectanswer.A.evasionB.avoidanceC.escapeD.retreat84、Thenovelisaofrealityandimagination,blendingbothelementsseamlessly.A.combinationB.mixtureC.blendD.fusion85、Thegovernmentannouncedanewinitiativetopovertyinruralareas.A.eliminateB.abolishC.eradicateD.cancel86、Thebookonthetablebelongstomyprofessor.A.layingB.lainC.lyingD.lied87、BythetimehearrivesinBeijing,weherefortwoweeks.A.willhavestayedB.havestayedC.shallstayD.arestaying88、Itisessentialthathetheexambeforegraduation.A.passesB.passC.passedD.willpass89、Themoreyoupractice,youwillbecome.A.themoreconfidentB.moreconfidentC.themostconfidentD.mostconfident90、theweather,wedecidedtogoforapicnic.A.InsteadofB.RegardlessofC.BecauseD.Dueto91、ThemanagerdemandedthatallthereportsbyFriday.A.befinishedB.finishedC.werefinishedD.arefinished92、ShespeaksEnglishthanherbrother.A.morefluentlyB.fluenterC.mostfluentlyD.morefluent93、Nosoonerthestationthanthetrainstarted.A.hadhereachedB.hehadreachedC.didhereachD.hereached94、Thereasonwhyhewaslatewashemissedthebus.A.becauseB.thatC.whatD.why95、IwishItothepartylastnight.A.wentB.wouldgoC.hadgoneD.havegone96、Thecommitteetenmembersfromdifferentdepartments.A.consistsofB.isconsistedofC.consistsinD.isconsistedin97、Hardlywhenthemeetingbegan.A.hadIarrivedB.IhadarrivedC.IarrivedD.didIarrive98、Thebookisworth.A.readingB.toreadC.beingreadD.toberead99、Hetoldmethatheinthecompanyfortenyears.A.hadworkedB.hasworkedC.workedD.works100、Neithertheteachernorthestudentspresentatthemeeting.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are

参考答案及解析1.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查主谓一致。Each作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。选项B中"Eachoftheboys"作主语，谓语动词应为"has"而非"have"。A项中askedsbtodosth用法正确；C项中recommend后接that从句，用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省略，用法正确；D项为定语从句，which指代thebook，谓语动词用了单数形式，正确。2.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查词义辨析。句意：在对经济格局进行全面分析后，公司决定将其业务到亚洲市场。expand意为"扩大"，符合语境；contract意为"收缩"；limit意为"限制"；restrict意为"限制"。根据句意中afterathoroughanalysis（全面分析后）可推断公司应该是采取了积极的扩张策略，故选expand。3.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查词汇理解。benevolent意为"仁慈的、慈善的"，与kind（善良的、友善的）意思最接近。cruel意为"残忍的"；indifferent意为"冷漠的、不关心的"；ambitious意为"有野心的、有抱负的"。benevolent源自拉丁语bene（好）+volens（意愿），表示好心意的，故选B。4.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查语法正确性判断。A项错误：neither...nor连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与最近的主语保持一致，students是复数，应用were。B项错误：alongwith不改变主语单复数，dog是单数，应用isplaying。C项正确：notonly...butalso连接主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语father保持一致，enjoys用单数正确。D项错误：thenumberof+复数名词，谓语动词用单数，应用hasincreased。5.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查介词搭配。beproficientat/in意为"在……方面熟练/精通"，但proficient后接具体技能时通常用介词at。句意：她特别擅长弹钢琴。in也可接受，但在proficient与具体技能搭配时，at更为常见和准确。on和with均不符合此搭配习惯。6.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查词汇理解。ubiquitous意为"无处不在的、遍布各处的"，源自拉丁语ubi（哪里）+quamvis（无论何处）。句意：智能手机在现代社会的各个角落都已经变得随处可见。rare意为"稀有的"；expensive意为"昂贵的"；everywhere意为"到处都有的"；complicated意为"复杂的"。根据句意及词根词缀法可推断答案为everywhere。7.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查词汇知识。homonym（同音同形异义词）指发音相同但意义不同的词。see和sea发音完全相同但拼写和含义不同，属于homonym。A项big和large是近义词（synonym）；C项happy和joyful是近义词；D项fast和quick是近义词。homonym还包括polysemy（多义词）的情况，即同一词形有不同相关含义。8.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。B项正确：if引导的虚拟条件句，与现在事实相反时用过去式，be动词统一用were。A项错误：wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，应为IwishIweretaller。C项错误：suggest后接that从句应用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），应为hego。D项错误：itisimportantthat从句应用虚拟语气，应为shebehere。9.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查语言学术语。collocation（词语搭配）指语言中经常一起出现的词语组合，如makeadecision、heavyrain等。A项描述的是acronym（首字母缩略词）；C项描述的是palindrome（回文）；D项描述的是idiom（习语）。collocation是语言学中的重要概念，研究词语之间的共现规律和搭配习惯。10.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查习惯用语识别。calloff是英语中的习惯用语，意为"取消"。A、C、D三项均为字面意思的直接表达，不含习惯用语。idiomaticexpression（习惯用语/习语）是指意义不能从其组成词语的字面意思直接推断出来的固定表达，如giveup、lookforwardto、breaktheice等。11.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查句子成分分析。thateveryoneagreedon是定语从句（adjectiveclause），修饰先行词theplan。关系代词that在从句中作介词on的宾语。adjectiveclause用于修饰名词或代词，相当于形容词的功能。B项adverbclause修饰动词、形容词或副词；C项nounclause充当名词成分；D项independentclause是能够独立成句的完整句子。12.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查词源知识。telephone由希腊语root词根tele（遥远）+phone（声音）构成，意为"远传声"。mother源自古英语mōdor；house源自古英语hūs；book源自古英语bōc。英语中有大量词汇源自希腊语和拉丁语，尤其在学术、科学和医学术语中更为常见，如democracy（民主）、biology（生物学）等均源自希腊语。13.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查修辞手法。personification（拟人）是将人的特征赋予非人类事物的修辞手法。句中wind（风）被赋予了whispered（低语）这一人类行为。simile（明喻）使用like或as进行比较；metaphor（暗喻）直接将一事物说成另一事物；hyperbole（夸张）是对事物的过度夸大。拟人是英语文学中常见的修辞手法。14.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查冠词用法。TheUnitedStates是专有名词，国家名称中含有普通名词（如States、Kingdom、Republic等）时，前面需加定冠词the。类似的例子有：theUnitedKingdom、thePeople'sRepublicofChina。A和B为不定冠词，用于泛指；D项不使用冠词的情况包括地名（不含普通名词时）、抽象名词、物质名词等。15.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查平行结构。parallelstructure（平行结构）要求句子中并列的语法成分具有相同的词性或结构形式。C项中listen、takenotes和askquestions均为动词原形，结构平行。A项reading（动名词）、toswim（不定式）、hiking（动名词）结构不一致；B项honest、hard-working（形容词）与heisalsokind（从句）结构不一致；D项playing（动名词）与towatch（不定式）结构不一致。16.【参考答案】A【解析】本题考查前缀含义。un-是最常见的前缀之一，主要表示否定意义，意为"不、非、无"。unhappy意为"不高兴的"，由un-（否定）+happy（快乐）构成。表示否定的前缀还有in-/im-/il-/ir-、dis-、a-/an-等。repetition（重复）的前缀如re-；addition（添加）的前缀如co-/com-/con-；reversal（逆转）的前缀如un-在某些词中也表示反转动作，如undo。17.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查反义词。ephemeral意为"短暂的、瞬息的"，其反义词应为eternal（永恒的、永久的）。fleeting（短暂的）、temporary（暂时的）、brief（简短的）均与ephemeral意思相近，是其近义词而非反义词。ephemeral源自希腊语ephēmeros（一日生的），常用于文学和学术语境中描述转瞬即逝的事物。18.【参考答案】B【解析】本题考查词汇结构。compoundword（复合词）是由两个或两个以上独立的词组合而成的新词。nationwide由nation（国家）+wide（广泛的）组成，意为"全国范围的"。quickly由形容词quick+副词后缀-ly构成，是派生词；unhappy由前缀un-+happy构成，是派生词；beautifully由形容词beautiful+副词后缀-ly构成，也是派生词。复合词的典型例子还包括blackboard、notebook、sunflower等。19.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查词性判断。despite是介词，意为"尽管、虽然"，后面接名词短语theheavyrain。coordinatingconjunction（并列连词）如and、but、or连接平等成分；subordinatingconjunction（从属连词）如although、because引导从句；adverb（副词）修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。注意despite和inspiteof意思相同，均作介词使用，后接名词或名词短语。20.【参考答案】C【解析】本题考查词义辨析与语境理解。句意：教授的讲座如此，以至于即使是听众中的专家也难以理解。obscure意为"晦涩的、难以理解的"，符合句意中"连专家都听不懂"的语境。lucid（清晰的）、straightforward（直截了当的）、clear（清楚的）均与句意矛盾，因为这些词描述的是容易理解的内容。这是一个通过上下文线索推断词义的典型题目。21.【参考答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为尽管下着大雨，学生们仍在继续户外训练，忽视了天气状况。此处作伴随状语，students与ignore之间为主动关系，故用现在分词ignoring。B项不定式表目的或将来，不符合语境；C项过去分词表被动或完成；D项现在分词的被动形式，均不符合句意逻辑。22.【参考答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。suggest作"建议"解时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，即"(should)+动词原形"结构。本句中should可省略，故谓语动词用write的原形。选项A为第三人称单数形式，B为一般过去时，D为一般将来时，均不符合该语法结构的用法要求。23.【参考答案】A【解析】考查强调句型。该句为"Itis+被强调部分+that+句子其余部分"的强调结构，被强调部分为"throughyearsofpracticeandreflection"（方式状语），故用that连接。which不能用于强调句；when强调时间；where强调地点，均不符合此句型要求。24.【参考答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意为新政策将于下月起正式生效，这意味着所有员工需要相应调整作息。officially表示"官方地、正式地"，符合政策生效的语境。specifically意为"特别地、具体地"；carefully意为"仔细地"；recently意为"最近"，均不符合句意。25.【参考答案】D【解析】考查倒装句。"notuntil"位于句首时，主句需使用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前面。根据句意，先摘下眼镜，然后才意识到美丽，两个动作有先后顺序，主句应用过去完成时，且需倒装，故选hadIrealized。26.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为公司决定将产能扩大50%以满足不断增长的市场需求。expand表示"扩大、扩展"，符合语境。compress意为"压缩"；reduce意为"减少"；maintain意为"维持"，三者均与"growingmarketdemand"的逻辑相悖。27.【参考答案】B【解析】考查介词与连词的用法区别。句意为尽管他经验不足，但在比赛中表现优异。空格后为名词短语"thefact"，需用介词Despite或Inspiteof引导。Although为连词，后接从句；Even需与if或though搭配使用。B项为正确答案，C项缺少介词of。28.【参考答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为这位研究人员花费三十年调查长期暴露于低剂量辐射下的慢性影响。chronic表示"慢性的、长期的"，与"long-term"语义呼应。acute意为"急性的"；immediate意为"立即的"；temporary意为"临时的"，均与语境不符。29.【参考答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。句意为她承认犯了一个错误，但拒绝为此承担责任。takeresponsibilityfor是固定搭配，意为"对……承担责任"。takeaccountof意为"考虑到"；takeadvantageof意为"利用"；takenoteof意为"注意"，均不符合语境。30.【参考答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。空格前有逗号，引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，需用which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句；it会使句子出现两个独立分句而无连接词，造成run-onsentence。31.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为到紧急救援队到达时，消防员已经扑灭了火灾并确保了每个人的安全。putout意为"扑灭（火灾）"，符合语境。putoff意为"推迟"；putup意为"搭建、张贴"；putaway意为"收好、整理"，均不符合句意。32.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为教授要求我们仔细审查这篇文章，找出作者论证中的任何逻辑谬误。scrutinize意为"仔细检查、审视"，符合语境要求。glance意为"瞥一眼"；browse意为"浏览"；skim意为"略读"，三者均表示浅层次阅读，与"identifylogicalfallacies"的深度要求不符。33.【参考答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意为如果我有更多时间，我就会提前完成项目。这是对过去情况的虚拟，条件句可用"IfIhadhadmoretime"，省略if时将助动词had提前构成倒装"HadIhadmoretime"，但选项中只有"HadI"，结合语境理解为省略重复动词的结构，B项正确。34.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为政府宣布了一系列旨在遏制通货膨胀、稳定经济的措施。curb意为"遏制、控制"，与inflation搭配合理。stimulate意为"刺激"；accelerate意为"加速"；generate意为"产生"，后两者会使通胀更严重，与stabilizing语义矛盾。35.【参考答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意为他说话声音如此轻柔，以至于后排的人听不清他在说什么。softly意为"轻柔地"，与后半句结果相符。clearly意为"清楚地"；loudly意为"大声地"；firmly意为"坚定地"，三者均无法解释后排听不见的情况。36.【参考答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。句意为该地区古代文物的发现为新发现的文明shedsnewlighton（为……增添了新的了解/阐明了……）。shedlighton是固定搭配，意为"阐明、使……清楚"。cast/throw/give虽可作类似含义动词，但不与该短语搭配，B为正确选项。37.【参考答案】A【解析】考查连词辨析。句意为会议一取消，所有参与者立即通过电子邮件收到通知。assoonas意为"一……就……"，强调两个动作的紧密衔接，符合语境。since表示原因或时间起点；although表示让步；unless表示条件，均不符合句意逻辑。38.【参考答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为作者的最新小说因其对中国农村日常生活真实而authentic（真实的、可信的）刻画而广受好评。authentic意为"真实的、可信的"，与praised语义一致。artificial意为"人工的"；superficial意为"表面的"；abstract意为"抽象的"，均不符合"广受好评"的正面语境。39.【参考答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致。neither...nor连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与靠近的主语保持一致，即"就近原则"。students为复数主语，故谓语动词用复数形式were。was为单数过去式；is为单数现在式；hasbeen为单数现在完成时，均不符合就近原则要求。40.【参考答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为这位科学家开创性的研究已经彻底改变了量子计算领域，吸引了全球机构的关注。revolutionize意为"彻底改变、革命化"，与groundbreaking及attractingattention语义一致。maintain意为"维持"；stagnate意为"停滞"；limit意为"限制"，均与积极的语境不符。41.【参考答案】A【解析】reachadecision为固定搭配，意为"做出决定"。arrive后需接at/in，come后需接to，get后接with。此题考查动词与名词的搭配，需注意中文"做出决定"直接对应reach/getadecision，但选项中只有reach能与decision直接搭配。42.【参考答案】B【解析】notuntil置于句首时，主句需部分倒装。since引导的时间状语用一般过去时，主句应用过去完成时或一般过去时。此处强调"会议召开时我才意识到"，用didIrealize符合倒装结构要求。had倒装多用于notuntil引导时间状语从句的完成时态，此处用一般过去时更自然。43.【参考答案】B【解析】baseon为固定搭配，意为"以……为基础"。report与base之间是被动关系，故用过去分词based作后置定语，相当于whichisbasedon。basis是名词，不可作后置定语修饰report；basing为现在分词表主动；tobase不定式表目的，均不符合语境。44.【参考答案】B【解析】despite是介词，后可接名词或名词短语；although是连词，后需接从句。句中theheavyrain是名词短语，故用despite。even后常接more/far等副词；however后需接逗号，且位置灵活。此题考查让步关系连词与介词的区分。45.【参考答案】A【解析】suggest作"建议"解时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词为(should)+动词原形，should可省略。此处suggest后的that从句应用finish。若suggest表示"暗示、表明"之意则不用虚拟语气。本题明确为建议含义，故选A。46.【参考答案】A【解析】beworthdoing为固定结构，意为"值得做某事"，主动形式表示被动意义。此处reading作worth的宾语，不用不定式或被动形式。thisbookisworthreading是常见句型，无需转换为被动语态。47.【参考答案】B【解析】as可引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，意为"正如"。asIhadexpected为习惯表达，放在句首时只能用as不能用which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。此题考查as与which在定语从句中的用法区别。48.【参考答案】A【解析】bytheendof+将来时间，主句用将来完成时，表示到将来某时刻为止已经完成的动作或达到的状态。fortenyears是时间段，与将来完成时连用表示持续到将来的动作。willwork为一般将来时；shallwork同上；amworking为现在进行时，均不符合时间状语要求。49.【参考答案】B【解析】itishightimethat...句型中，从句谓语用过去式或should+动词原形，should不可省略。此句型表示"早该做某事了"，带有催促语气。take为一般现在时；havetaken为现在完成时；willtake为一般将来时，均不符合该句型的要求。took为过去式，符合虚拟语气用法。50.【参考答案】A【解析】宾语从句中表述客观真理或科学事实时，用一般现在时，不受主句时态限制。地球绕太阳转是客观事实，故用moves。moved为一般过去时；wasmoving为过去进行时；hasmoved为现在完成时，均不适用于客观真理的表述。此题考查宾语从句时态的特殊情况。51.【参考答案】A【解析】themore...,themore...结构表示"越……，越……"，前后部分均需使用比较级。此处前半句用themoreyoupractice，后半句应为themoreconfidentyouwillbecome。themostconfident为最高级；moreconfident缺少the；confident为原级，均不符合该固定结构的要求。52.【参考答案】B【解析】hardly...when...句型中，hardly置于句首时，主句需部分倒装，用过去完成时。正确结构为Hardly+had+主语+过去分词...when+一般过去时。Ihadreached未倒装；Ireached未用过去完成时且未倒装；didIreach用了助动词did，不符合过去完成时要求。53.【参考答案】B【解析】Thereason...wasthat...为固定句型，意为"……的原因是……"。that在此引导表语从句，不可省略。because多用于回答why引导的疑问句；/表示省略，不符合此句型要求；why引导定语从句或名词性从句，均不适用于此处的表语从句。此题考查表语从句引导词的固定搭配。54.【参考答案】A【解析】Itwasnotuntil...that...为强调句型，强调时间状语notuntilmidnight。强调句结构为Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其余部分。when用于引导时间状语从句；which引导定语从句；as可引导时间或原因状语从句，均不符合强调句型的结构要求。55.【参考答案】A【解析】preventsth.fromdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为"阻止某事发生"。from是介词，后接动名词happening。fromoccurred中occurred为过去式，不能直接跟在介词后；tohappen不定式不符合prevent的搭配；happening缺少from，结构不完整。56.【参考答案】A【解析】giveupdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为"放弃做某事"，up是介词，后接动名词。smoking为动名词形式，符合giveup的用法。tosmoke为不定式；smoke为动词原形或名词；smoked为过去式或过去分词，均不符合giveup后接动名词的要求。57.【参考答案】A【解析】overestimate意为"高估"，nothingcanoverestimate表示"再怎么估量也不为过"，即教育的重要性无法估量。estimate为"估计、估算"；evaluate为"评估、评价"；assess为"评定、估价"，三者均无"估量过分"之意，不符合句意。此题考查词义辨析与语境匹配。58.【参考答案】B【解析】先行词为theinformation，指物，需用that或which引导定语从句。that和which均可作从句的主语，但先行词为不定代词或所有格修饰的名词时，通常用that。此处information为普通名词，两者皆可，但选项中有bothA和B，结合习惯用法，指物时用that更常见，选B。59.【参考答案】B【解析】betoblameforsth.为固定搭配，意为"对某事负责"，其中blame用主动形式表被动意义。因此betoblame是正确形式。beblamed为被动语态，不符合固定搭配；blaming为现在分词；blamed为过去分词，均不符合该习惯表达。注意此搭配的特殊性，不要误选被动语态。60.【参考答案】B【解析】现在分词的被动进行时beingdiscussed作后置定语，修饰thequestion，表示"正在被讨论的"。discussed为一般过去分词，表完成和被动；todiscuss表将来；havingdiscussed为现在分词的完成式，表主动完成，均不符合"正在被讨论"的语境。此题考查分词作定语的时态和语态。61.【参考答案】A【解析】notuntil位于句首时，主句需要部分倒装，将助动词提前。句意为"直到会议结束他才意识到这个决定的重要性"，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故选A。62.【参考答案】C【解析】asksb.todosth.为固定搭配，否定形式为asksb.nottodosth.。句意为"老师要求我们在图书馆不要制造这么多噪音"，故选C。63.【参考答案】B【解析】bythetime+将来时间，主句用将来完成时，表示到将来某时已经完成的动作。句意为"到退休时，约翰逊教授将在本大学任教四十年"，故选B。64.【参考答案】C【解析】第一空先行词为reason，定语从句缺原因状语，用why或forwhich；第二空表语从句用that引导，reason的表语不能用because。句意为"他迟到的原因是他错过了早班车"，故选C。65.【参考答案】B【解析】themore...themore...为固定结构，表示"越……就越……"。mistakes为可数名词复数，用fewer修饰。句意为"你阅读说明越仔细，犯的错误就越少"，故选B。66.【参考答案】A【解析】neither...nor...连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。teacher为单数，且时间状语为yesterday需用过去时，故选A。67.【参考答案】A【解析】这是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句用过去式，主句用would/could+动词原形。be动词无论人称一律用were。句意为"如果我是你，我会立即抓住那个机会"，故选A。68.【参考答案】B【解析】since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。书被卖是被动关系，故选B。69.【参考答案】B【解析】wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反时用过去完成时。句意为"我希望当年在大学时学习更努力些"，故选B。70.【参考答案】B【解析】insist表示"坚持要求"时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略。句意为"经理坚持要求每个人准时到达"，故选B。71.【参考答案】A【解析】这是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句可用倒装省略if，结构为Had+主语+过去分词。句意为"要不是下雨，我们本可以准时到达目的地"，故选A。72.【参考答案】B【解析】withoutexception意为"无一例外地"，为固定搭配。句意为"新政策预计将使所有公民受益，无一例外"，故选B。73.【参考答案】A【解析】accessible意为"可理解的、易接近的"，acceptable意为"可接受的"，adaptable意为"适应性强的"，adoptable意为"可收养的"。根据语境，科学家用通俗方式解释复杂理论，accessible最符合，故选A。74.【参考答案】A【解析】putoff意为"推迟"，putout意为"熄灭"，putaway意为"收拾、存放"，putforward意为"提出"。根据句意因资金不足而推迟，故选A。75.【参考答案】A【解析】condescending意为"居高临下的"，considerate意为"体贴的"，considerable意为"相当大的"，conducive意为"有利于……的"。根据句意她说话的方式让人讨厌，condescending最符合语境，故选A。76.【参考答案】A【解析】tedious意为"乏味的、单调的"，vivid意为"生动的"，profound意为"深刻的"，fascinating意为"迷人的"。根据后半句许多人睡着了，可知讲座乏味，故选A。77.【参考答案】