大学英语四级模拟试卷75

大学英语四级模拟试卷75

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteALettertotheMayorofthe

Capital.SupposeyouareLiMingfromPekingUniversity.Youhavewatchedthe2004

AthensOlympicGamesandareinterestedinbecomingavolunteerfor2008Beijing

OlympicGames.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbeiow

inChinese:I.为北京2008年奥运会的筹备提出建议2.表达你想成为志愿者的愿望

ALettertotheMayorof（heCapital

标准答案：DearMr.Mayor,IamaseniorinPekingUniversity.The2008Beijing

OlympicGamesiscomingintwoyears.Afterwatchingthe2004AthensOlympic

Games,Icannothelpwritingtoyou.Firstly,Iwanttogiveasuggestionforthe

preparationworko

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

OnFebruary15,1995,ahugeoiltankercalledtheSeaEmpresssailedintosomerocks

offthewestcoastofWales.Forthenextsixdaysitwasstuckthere.Highwindsandtides

batteredtheship.Theaccidentputbigholesintheship'sbodyanditspillednearly90

millionlitresofoilintotheocean.That'senoughtoheal30,000homesinCanadaforone

year.Thestormquicklydrovetheoilouttoseaandmadeitverydifficultforclean-up

andthecrewstocontrolthespill.ThecrashingoftheSeaEmpresswasadisaster,butit

getsworse.AlotoftheoilwashedupontheshoresofMilfordHavenEstuary,a

conservationareaforbirdsandotherwildlifeclosetov/heretheshipcrashed.Thismade

manyresidentsandnatureloversaroundtheworldveryangry.OilandWaterPeoplearc

upsetbecauseoilspillshappenregularly.InNorthAmerica,thereareover8000spills

eachyear.NotallofthemareasbigastheonecausedbytheSeaEmpress.Mostspills

arequitesmall—theyhappeninmarinas（小船坞）whenmotorboatsfillupwithgasoline.

Biggerspillsoccurwhenoilbarrelsareaccidentallydumpedandwhenshipscleanout

theircargoholds.Butnomatterhowmuchoilendsupinthewater,plantsandanimals

sufferordie.In1989,afteranoiltankercalledtheExxonValdezspilleditsloadin

PrinceWilliamSoundnearAlaska,425,000seabirdsdiedalongwiththousandsofother

animals,includingseaotters.ThisshipdumpedonlyhalftheoiltheSeaEmpressdid!

TheExxonspillcovered880kmofoceanandfouledabout2000kmofcoastline.That's

enoughcoastlinetoreachfromMontrealallthewaytoWinnipeg.CleaningUptheMess

Whenoilisspilledonwateritformsasheen.That'saverythinlayerofoilthatsitson

topofthewater'ssurface.Oneofthejobsofclean-upcrewsistotrytokeepthesheen

fromspreadingouttosea.Thetooltheyuseisacontainmentboom(栅栏网).Theywrap

thisboomaroundtheoilspilltokeepitinplace.Oncetheoilhasbeencontaineditcanbe

burnedoffthewater.Anotherwaytogetridoftheoilistosprinkleitwithaproductthat

absorbsit,likewoodwaste.Thewasteisthenscoopedawaybeforeitsinks.Naturally,

someoilalwaysescapesouttosea.Eventually,theoilbreaksdownandformstarballs.

Theseballssinktotheoceanfloor,thensoonerorlatertheyarewashedupontoshore.

Witheveryoilspill,someoilreachestheshoreline.Themessisunbelievable.When

cleaningupaspill,thehardestjobisdealingwiththeonshorepollution.Whenoillands

onrocksormixeswithsandandseaweed,itbecomesreallydifficulttoremove.

Volunteersusehigh-pressurehosestoblasttheoilwithhotwater.Theytrytopushtheoil

backintothewater.Ifit'sinthewatertheycanburnitorskimitoffthesurface.Caring

fortheAnimalsAfteranoilspill,alotofconcernedpeoplevolunteertohelpcareforthe

animals.Verylittlecanbedonetosavethecrustaceans,mollusks(软体动物)，andother

smallcreaturesthatgetsmotheredinoil.Butthelargeranimalsthatarccaughtand

cleanedcanbesaved.Birdslikewesterngrebeneedtohavetheirfeatherswashedto

survive.TheyVegivenbathswithplentyofsoapandarescrubbeddownusing

toothbrushes.Turtles,otters,andallkindsofotherlargeanimalsgothroughthesame

process.Everyone'shardworkpaysoff.Manyanimalsaresaved.Butthepollutionhasa

lastingeffect-itgetsintothefoodwebandmakesalotofanimals(includingpeople)

sick.Birds,fish,andscavengerslikeredfoxeatpollutedanimalsandbecomecarriersof

thepollutionthemselves.Whentheygeteatenbyotherpredators,theypassiton.Making

ChangesOnesolutiontotheproblemofoilspillsistobuildbetterships.Oiltankers

shouldbebuiltwithtwohulls,thiswouldmakethemsaferandlesslikelytobreakapart

ifanaccidenthappened.Thebestwaytostopoilspillsistogetridofoilaltogether.But

that'snotsosimple.Withoutoil,peoplewouldn'tbeabletodrivetheircarsor

motorboats,andsomepeoplewouldn'thaveheatfortheirhomes.Itwouldbeimpossible

tolivewithoutoilrightnow.Buthere'sanidealwecouldallmakeanefforttouseless

oil.Fewercarswouldbeontheroadifwcdroveincarpools,usedpublictransportation,

rodeourbikes,andwalkedmoreoften.Insteadofusingmotorboats(whicharenoisy

anyway),wecouldcanoeorsail.Aroundtheworld,peopleareworkingonotherwaysto

createenergy.Solarpower,windpower,andhydroelectrictechnologiesarcbeingstudied

anddeveloped.Soitispossiblethatonedaywe'llbeabletostopusingoil.Andtheresult

ofthatwouldbenomoreoilspills!

2、Thebiggestoilspillhappenedin1989.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第四段有这样一句话：ThisshipdumpedonlyhalftheoiltheSea

Empressdid.这表明1989年发生的这次漏油事件并不是最大的漏油事件。

3、Theauthorsuggestsdrivingincarpoolstouselessoil.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在倒数第二段作者建议：如果大家一起坐拼车(carpools),就可以减

少用油。

4、Someoilescapedouttoseawillfinallybreakdownandformtarballs.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在第六段可以找到相关的细节。

5、Thepollutioncausedbyoilspillscanhavelong-lastingeffectsontheanimalsorbirds

onceitgetsintothefoodweb.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在第九段可以找到相关的细节。

6、Fromtheauthor^pointofview,thebestwaytopreventoilspillsistogetridofoil

completely.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在倒数第三段可以找到相关的细节。

7、Theauthorsuggestsmakingsevereregulationstopreventoiltankersfromdumping

oilintothesea.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：作者在文章中没有提到这方面的情况。

8、Theauthorsuggeststhatmostoftheoilspillsoccuraccidentally.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在第三段可以找到相关的细节：当汽艇满载汽油时，就会发生漏油事

件。大部分漏油事件都是这样发生的。因此，我们可以认为大部分漏油事件都是偶

然发生的。

9、Scientistsarestudyinganddevelopingsolarpower,windpower,and

hydroelectrictoreplaceoil.

标准答案：technologies

知识点解析：在文章最后一段，作者提到了科学家们正在研究和开发太阳能、风能

以及水电来替代石油。

10^Asfarascleaningupaspillisconcerned,thehardestjobistakingcareof

thepollution.

标准答案：onshore

知识点解析：在文章第七段，作者提到了清理漏油事件时，最艰难的工作是对付海

滩上的污染。

II、IntheExxonValdezoilspillaboutkilometerofcoastlinewaspolluted.

标准答案：2000

知识点解析：在文章第四段，作者提到了theExxonValdez号油轮引起的漏油事件

污染了大约2000公里的海岸线。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A^Theoldrefrigeratorwasuseless.

B、Theoldrefrigeratorv/asapieceofjunk.

C、Thepriceofoldrefrigeratorcouldbelower.

D^Thepriceofoldrefrigeratorwaslow.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：W:PetersontoldmehehadboughtanoldrefrigeratorfromMr.Charlie.

Doyouknowhowmuchhepaidfortherefrigerator?M:Well,hesaidhepaid$37forit.

Ibelievehegotarealbargain.Q:Whatdoestheman'sanswersuggest?

13、

A、Eighty.

B、Eighty-six.

C、Sixty-eight.

D、Forty-three.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：W:Iassumethetrafficinthecityisbadduringtherushhourwhenpeople

arcleavingtheirworkplaceforhome.M:Yes.Theworsttimeisbetweenfiveandsix.It

sometimestakesmeeighty-sixminutestodrivehome.Thafstwicethetimeittakes

whenthereisn'tmuchtraffic.Q:Howlongdoesittakefbrthemantodrivefromthecity

tohishomewhenthereisn'tmuchtraffic?

14、

A、ShethoughttherewasonlyoneGoldenGateBridge.

B、ShewasfamiliarwiththeGoldenGateBridge.

C、ShewouldliketovisitthebigGoldenGateBridge.

D^ShewantedtogotothesmallGoldenGateBridge.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：M:GoldenGateBridge?DoyouwantthebigGoldenGateBridgeorthe

smallone?W:AretheretwoGoldenGateBridges?Q:Whatcanweinferfromthe

woman'squestion?

15、

A、Impatient.

Shocked.

C、Overexcited.

D、Embarrassed.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：M:Thebusshouldhavebeenheretwentyminutesago.Howlongarewe

goingtowaithere?W:Wehavenochoicebuttowaituntilitcomes.Q:How'stheman

feeling?

16、

A、Ninehours.

B、Eighthours.

CNSixhours.

D、Sevenhours.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：W:TdliketoseetheModernFurnitureExhibitiontomorrow.Canyoutell

mewhattimeit'sopen?M:Yes,it'sopenfrom9a.m.jntil5p.m.,butthere'satwohour

lunchbreak.Q:ForhowmanyhoursistheModernFurnitureExhibitionopen?

17、

A^Hersafety.

B、Herhealth.

C、Herluggage.

D、Hermood.

标准答案：B

矢口识点解析：M:Iamalwaysafraidoftakingarideinaplane.Whentheplaneishigh

intheair,Ioftenwonderwhetheritwillbeabletolandsmoothly.W:Idon'tmindthat.

WhatTmworriedaboutispneumonia.EachtimeI'mintheair,Ifeeloutofbreath.Q:

Whatisthewomanreallyworriedabout?

18、

A^Sheworkedonhertermpaperfarintothenight.

B、ShewatchedsomesportsgameonTV.

C、Shestayedlatetohaveatalkwithsomefans.

D、Someexcitedfansdisturbedher.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：M:Youlooksosleepy.Didyouworkonyourtermpaperfarintothe

night?W:Iwouldhavegottenagoodnight'ssleepbutsomesoccerfanskeptcheering

andarguingaboutfigureskating.Q:Whathappenedtothewomanlastnight?

19、

A、Bookahotelroom.

B>Bookanairticket.

C、Orderatable.

D、Makeanappointmentwiththetravelagent.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W:Iwonderifwe'vedoneeverythingonthelist.M:Let'ssee-bank,

postoffice,airlineoffice,dentist,shoes.Wehaven'tmadeourhotelreservationsyet,but

PHdothatbytelephonetonight.Q:Whatisthemangoingtodotonight?

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Theyonlysendcardswith"FromyourValentine"writtenonit.

Theyexchangecandy,flowersandgifts.

C、Theygotochurchtopray.

D、Theyholdparlies.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：HowdoloverscelebrateValentine'sDay?

21、

A^Becauseherloverisinprison.

B、Becauseshelostherlover.

C、Becauseshefailedthehistoryexamination.

D^Becauseshedoesn'thaveherMr.Right.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whydoesthewomanfeelupset?

22、

A.Hewasveryromantic.

B、Hewasverysympathetic.

C、Hewasveryheroic.

D、Hewasverysensitive.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：WhatkindofpersonwasValentine,accordingtothepassage?

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A^UnitedStates-Canadianagreements.

B、Unlimitedgrowthinpopulation.

C、PollutionintheGreatLakes.

D^Thelimitedsupplyofphosphates.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：What'sthemainsubjectofthisconversation?

24、

A、Swimminginalake.

B、Washingclothes.

C>Visitinghishometown.

D、Sightseeing.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Wherehasthewomanbeen?

25>

A、Toomuchalgae.

B、Excessiverecreationaluse.

C、Lackofadequaterainfall.

D、Toomuchevaporation.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：WhathasbeenthemajorproblemintheGreatlakesinrecentyears?

26、

A、Toeliminateswimmingentirely.

B>Tolimitboatingandllshing.

C^Tolimitphosphatedetergents.

D、Tokillallalgae.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：WhathavetheUnitedStatesandCanadaagreedtodoinregardtothe

GreatLakes?

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分,共6分。）

27、

A、Herparentsthrivedintheurbanenvironment.

BNHerparentsleftChicagotoworkonafarm.

C、HerparentsimmigratedtoAmerica.

D^Herparentssetupanlee-creamstore.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatdoesthespeakertellusabouthismother'searlychildhood?

28、

A、HetaughtEnglishinChicago.

Hewascrippledinacaraccident.

C^Heworkedtobecomeanexecutive.

D、Hewasbornwithalimp.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatdoweleanaboutthespeaker'sfather?

29、

A、Shewasfondoflivinganisolatedlife.

B、ShewasfascinatedbyAmericanculture.

C、Shewasverygenerousinofferinghelp.

D、Shewashighlydevotedtoherfamily.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatdoesthespeakersayabouthismother?

30、

A、Forpeopletoshareideasandshowfarmproducts.

B、Forofficialstoeducatethefarmingcommunity.

C^Forfarmerstoexchangetheirdailynecessities.

D、Forfarmerstocelebratetheirharvests.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：WhatwasthemaingoaloftheIndiana'sstalefairwhenitstarted?

31、

A、Bybringingananimalrarelyseenonnearbyfarms.

B、Bybringingabagofgraininexchangeforaticket.

C^Byofferingtodovolunteerworkatthefair.

D、Byperformingaspecialskillattheentrance.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Howdidsomefarmersgainentrancetothefairintheearly1930's?

32、

A、TheycontributetothemodernizationofAmericanfarms.

B、Theyhelptoincreasethestategovemments,revenue.

C>Theyprovideastageforpeopletogiveperformances.

D^TheyremindAmericansoftheimportanceofagriculture.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：WhyarestatefairsimportanteventsintheAmerica?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A^Tobuildanewcountry.

B、ToexploretheNewWorld.

C>TogetintouchwiththeAmericanIndians.

D、ToknowmoreaboutFrance.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：WhatwasCartierorderedtodo?

34、

A、TheFarEast.

B、TheGulfofSt.Lawrence.

C、AwaterpassagetotheFarEast.

D、ThePacificOcean.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：WheredidCartierfirstarrive?

35、

A、AnIndianvillage.

B、AlittletowninCanada.

C、AvillagefacingtheGulfoftheSt.Lawrence.

D、TheplacewhichwecallCanadatoday.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：WhatwasQuebecinthe16thcentury?

36、

A、AFrenchword.

B、AChineseword.

C^AnIndianWord.

D、ASpanishword.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Wheredidtheword"Canada"comefrom?

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

“分。）

TodayIwanttohelpyouwithastudyreadingmethodknownasSQ3R.Thelettersstand

forfivestepsinthereading[Bl].Survey,Question,Read,Review,Recite.

Eachofthestepsshouldbedonecarefullyandintheordermentioned.Inallstudy

reading,asurveyshouldbethefirststep.Surveymeanstolookquickly.Instudyreading,

youneedtolookquicklyattitles,wordsindarkerorlargerprint,wordswith[B2]

lellers,[B3],anduharls.Don'tslopLureaduuinplelesenlenues.JusI

lookattheimportant[B4],ofthematerials.Thesecondstepisquestion.Tryto

formquestions[B5]onyoursurvey.Usethequestionwordswho,what,when,

where,whyandhow.Nowyouarereadyforthethirdstep.Read.Youwillbereadingthe

[B6]andimportantwordsthatyoulookedatinthesurvey,butthistimeyou

willreadtheexamplesand[B7]aswell.Sometimesitisusefultotakenotes

whileyouread.Ihavehadstudentswho[B8]tounderlineimportantpoints,

anditseemedtobejustasusefulasnote-taking.Whatyoushoulddo,whetheryoutake

notesorunderline,istoreadactively.[B9].Thefourthstepisreview.

Rememberthequestions:hatyouwrotedownbeforeyoureadthematerial.Youshould

beabletoanswerthemnow.[BIO].Concentrateonthose.Alsoreview

materialthatyoudidnotconsiderinyourquestions.Thelaststepisrecite.[Bl1]

37、[Bl]

标准答案：process

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：capita

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：illustrations

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案:divisions

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：based

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：titles

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案:details

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：preferred

知识点解析；暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Thinkaboutwhalyouarereadingasaseriesofideas,notjustasequenceof

words

知识点解析•：暂无解析

46、[B10]

标准答案：Youwillnoticethatsomeofthequestionsweretreatedinmoredetailinthe

reading

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：Trytoputthereadingintoyourownwords.Summarizeiteitherinwriting

ororally

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

10分。）

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaper

classifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong"situationsvacant",althoughitdoesnot

offeranyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong"situationswanted",althoughitis

notplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpin[SI]

forajob."Contactus[S2]writingyourapplication",or"Makeuseof

ourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory",ishowitis

usuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,of

course,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsof[S3].Itisalsoanindicationof

thegrowingimportanceoftheCurriculumvitae（orjobhistory）,withthesuggestionthat

itmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.Therewasatimewhenjobseekers

simplywrotelettersof[S4]."Justputdownyourname,address,ageand

whetheryouhavepassedanyexams'1,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedto

youngpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustfor

openers,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedforthe[S5]

.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechnique[S6].Theletter

provedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerlaceandintelligent

repliesdidtherest.Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,something[S7]more

sophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhich

woulddistinguishyou【58】therest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.

"Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyused[S9]

thatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespecially

designedforthejobintcnicw.Thereisnodoubt,however,[SIO]itisthe

increasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessof

engagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.WordBank:

A.thatI.employmentB.beforeJ.workedC.applyingK.afterD.fromL.slightlyE.

failedM.whichF.trickN.obtainingG.applicationO.unemploymentH.interview

48、[SI]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：上文的介词in提示这里应当填一个名词或动名词；下文的介词for以

及后面的名词提示这里应当填一个能够和介词for搭配的动名词短语；在所给的动

名词选项中，只有叩plying能够和介词for搭配。

49、[S2]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第二段讲了一种特殊服务：为有需要的人们提供撰写个人简历服务。

根据下文的动名词短语writingyour叩plication来判断，这里应当填一个介词；按

照道理，提供撰写个人简历服务只能在撰写简历前进行，所以，应当选择介词

before。

50、[S3]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：为有需要的人们提供撰写个人简历服务非常受欢迎，这反映了就业压

力大，失业率高，所以人们才会想尽一切办法去获得一份工作。unemployment与

本段的意思吻合。

51、[S4]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据下文的内容来分析，这里应当是指求职者求职时写的求职信。

52、[S5]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：上文告诉我们，在就业比较容易的年代，求职者求职时只需要写清楚

name,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams就足够了，其余的事情

自然要留到面试时进行。interview与本段的意思吻合。

53、[S6]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：本句话缺少谓语动词；worked（成功）与本段的意思吻合。

54、[S7]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：我们在学习英语语法时学到过很多可以修饰比较级的词，如：a

little,far,much,slightly,even,still等等,显然，slightly是正确选项。

55、[S8]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：distinguish...from…是惯用法，意.思为“把...与....区分开“。

56、[S9]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor.（你不用再去

找了，我就是你要找的人。）这是一些求职者惯用的伎俩（trick）。

57、[S10]

标准答案：A

知识点解析:Thereisnodoubtthat...是惯用法,其中的that引导同位语从句。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

IntheUnitedStatesthereareanestimated10millionproblemdrinkers.OfficialUnited

Statesstatisticsindicatethatin1996,1.2millionpeoplewereadmittedforalcoholism

treatmentinprivateandgovernmentfacilities.Alcohol-relateddeathsareestimatedat

100,000peryear.Accidentsandcirrhosis（肝硬化）aretheleadingcausesofdeath

associatedwithexcessivealcoholuse,followedbyhighbloodpressure,infectionsand

cancer.Eightypercentofallcirrhosisandaboutonehalfofallaccidentaldeaths,suicides

andhomicidesarealcohol-related.Theaveragepercapitaconsumption（over14yearsof

age）is2.62gallons（10liters）ofpurealcoholperyear.Heavydrinkers,constitutingabout

10%ofthedrinkingpopulation,accountforone-halfofallalcoholconsumedinthe

UnitedStates.Itisestimatedthatalcoholcreatesproblemsfor18millionpersons18

yearsoldorolder.Boththelevelofalcoholconsumptionandthenumberofdeaths

attributedtoanalcoholincreasedduringthe1990s.Womendrinksignificantdrinking

lessthanmen;however,therehasbeenanincreaseindrinkingamongwomenaged35to

64.Peopleoverage65consumelessalcoholthanyoungeradultsandhavelower

prevalenceofalcoholabuse.StudiesintheScandinaviancountriesandinCanadahave

shownthatthepriceofalcoholicbeverages（rclativetothedisposableincome）is

inversely（相反的）relatedtothetotalamountofalcoholconsumedbythepopulation.

Cirrhosisindifferentcountrieshasbeenshowntocorrelatealmostperfectlywiththeper

capitaconsumptionbythepopulation,withtheUnitedStatesshowingaboutone-thirdof

theincidencefoundinFrance.Somestudieshaveshownthatthefrequencyofcoronary

heartdisease（冠心病）islowerincountrieswithhigherpercapitaconsumptionof

alcohol.However,otherssuggestthatthisislargelyduetothefactthatpopulationsin

thesecountriesalsohavedietarypatternsthatbythemselvesleadtolesscoronaryheart

disease.

58、Thesecondmajorcauseofdeathrelatedtoexcessivealcoholuseis.

A、cancer,highbloodpressureandinfection

cirrhosisandaccidentaldeaths

C、suicides,accidentsandcirrhosis

D、accidentsandcoronaryheartdisease

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。在文章开头有一段话：Alcohol-rclatcddeathsarcestimatedat

100,000peryear.Accidentsandcirrhosis（肝硬化）aretheleadingcausesofdeath

associatedwithexcessivealcoholuse,followedbyhighbloodpressure,infectionsand

cancer.这段话清楚地告诉我们：事故和肝硬化是与过量饮酒有关而致死的主要原

因，其次是因之而引起的高血压病、感染和癌症。故A是正确答案。

59、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueintheU.S?

A^Therehasbeenandeclineindrinkingamongwomenaged35to64.

R、Heavydrinkersmakeupabout11%nfthedrinkingpopulation.

C^Peopleoverage65consumelessalcoholthanyoungeradults.

D^Thenumberofdeathsattributedtoalcoholdecreasedduringthe1990s.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章中Heavydrinkers,constitutingabout10%ofthedrinking

population…证明选项B是错误的；Boththelevelofalcoholconsumptionandthe

numberofdeathsattributedtoanalcoholincreasedduringthe1990s.证明选项D是错

误的；...however,therehasbeenanincreaseindrinkingamongwomenaged35to

64.证明选项A是错误的；Peopleoverage65consumelessalcoholthanyounger

adults…证明选项C是正确的。

60、Wccaninferfromthepassagethat.

A、peopleinScandinaviancountriesandinCanadadrinkalcoholatlowprices

B、alcoholabuseinFranceismoreseriousthanintheUnitedStates

C、excessivealcoholconsumptionwillresultincoronaryheartdisease

D、therearemoreaccidentaldeathsintheUnitedStates

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。选项A“斯堪的纳维亚一带的国家和加拿大的酒价较低”，文

章中没有暗示；选项C“过度饮酒会导致冠心痛”，事实上，从文章最后一句看，目

前尚无定论；选项D“在美国有更多的因意外事故引起的死亡”，文中第8行讲到，

大约半数死亡与饮酒有关，但从整个文章看，未提到美国是世界上喝酒最严重的国

家之一，却说到法国更严重，所以选项D不准确，选项B是正确的。

61>Whichofthefollowingdiseaseisirrelevanttothealcohol?

A、highbloodpressure.

B、Mentaldiseases.

C、Cirrhosis.

D、Livercancer.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。在第一段开头，作者告诉我们事故和肝硬化是与饮酒有关而

致死的主要原因，其次是因之而引起的高血压病、感染和癌症问题。而选项B（精

神疾病）文中并没有提及。

62、1'hcbesttitletorthepassagemightbe.

A、AlcoholabuseintheScandinaviancountries

Alcoholabuseanddiseases

C、Alcoholabuseandcancer

D、Alcoholabuseanditscause

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。艰据文章内容，我们知道文章主要讲的是过量饮酒可以引发

各种疾病，所以选项B是正确的。

Humansareforeverforgettingthattheycan'tcontrolnature.Exactly20yearsago,aTime

magazinecoverstoryannouncedthat"scientistsareonthevergeofbeingabletopredict

thetime,place,andeventhesizeofearthquakes."Thepeopleofthequake-hitarea,Kobe

learnedlastweekhowwrongthattheclaimwas.Noneofthemethodsworkedouttwo

decadesagocangiveauniformwarningbeforethequakes,letalonediscoveranysign

thatwouldtellwhetherthecomingearthquakeismildorakiller.Earthquakeformation

canbetriggeredbymanyfactors,saysHirooKanamori,anexpertattheCalifornia

InstituteofTechnology.So,findingoneall-purposewarningsignisimpossible.One

reasonisthatearthquakesstartdeepintheearth,soscientistscan'tstudythemdirectly.If

aquakeprecursorwerefound,itwouldstillbeimpossibletowarnhumansinadvanceof

alldangerousquakes.PlaceslikeJapanandCaliforniaarefullofhundreds,ifnot

thousands,ofminorfaults.Predictionwouldbelessimportantifscientistscouldeasily

buildstructurestowithstandtremors.Whilethesciencehasimproveddramaticallyinthe

past10to15years,everynewquakerevealsunexpectedweaknessinquake-resistant

structures,saysTerryTullis,ageophysicistatBrownUniversity.InKobe,forexample,a

highwaythatopenedonlylastyearwasdamaged.IntheNorthridgeearthquake,onthe

otherhand,well-builtstructuresgenerallydidnotcollapse.ArecentreportinScience

addsyetmoreanxietyaboutlifeonthefaultylines.Researchersrancomputer

simulations（模拟）toseehowquake-resistantbuildingswouldfallinamoderate-size

earthquake,takingintoaccountthatmuchofaquake'senergytravelsinalarge"pulse"of

focusedshaking.Theresults:bothsteel-framebuildingsandbuildingsthatsiton

insulating（隔离的）rubberpadssufferedseveredamage.Moreresearchwillhelpexperts

designstrongerstructuresandpossiblyfindquakeprecursors,butitisstillacertaintythat

thenextearthquakewillproveonceagainthateveryfaultcannotbemonitoredandevery

highwaycannotbecompletelyquakeproof.

63、Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A、scientistscanneverpredictearthquakes

B、theabilitytopredictearthquakesisoverstated

C^quiteafewscientificclaimsaregroundless

D、earthquakepredictionsareaccurate

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。艰据文章第一段最后一句话：Thepeopleofthequakehit

area,Kobelearnedlastweekhowwrongthattheclaimwas.我们可以推断科学家们

所宣称的可以预测地震的发生时间、地点以及规模的说法是不正确的，是被某些人

夸大宣传的。

64、Itisdifficulttoaccuratelypredictearthquakesbecause.

A^earthquakesmaytakeplaceanywhere,anytime

B、earthquakesmayhappenunexpectedlyunderthesea

C、earthquakesmaytakeplacewhilepeopleareasleep

D^thetakingplaceofearthquakesinvolvesmanyfactors

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据文章第二段的这句话：Earthquakeformationcanbe

triggeredbymanyfactors,saysHirooKanamori,anexpertattheCaliforniaInstituteof

Technology.我们可以看出选项D