大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷598

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷598

一、词汇理解(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。)

RiyanNarayananisn'tyouraverageyogainstructor.Duringhisclasses,heuseswords

(hatyouarefamiliarwith,[Cl]Sanskrit(梵文)termsandsometimesshows

uptoteachinasuitandtie.Andoften,mostofhisstudentsaredoctorsandnurses.

[C2]outonorangeandgreenyogamatsforaweekend-longworkshop,the

30studentslearnedbreathing[C3]lifestyletipsandresearchfindingsthat

supportthehealthbenefitsofyoga.Narayanan,along-timepractitionerandeconomistby

day,isoneofthefoundersofLifeInYoga,anonprofitorganizationthat[C4]

toeducatepeopleon(hebenefitsofthisancientIndianpractice.Amajorpartof

thiseffort,however,isdirectedat[C51yogatherapyintothemainstream

healthcaresystembytrainingmedicalproviderstouseyogicbreathingandtechniquesto

treatvariousmaladies."Weneedtoexpandthe[C6]ofphysicians—yogais

muchmorethanjustrelaxationresponse,"hesaid.Sincestartingthispushin2010,Life

inYogahas(rained145doctors.Itsprograms,[C7]sponsoredbyHoward

UniversityCollegeofMedicine,arerecognizedbytheAccreditationCouncilfor

ContinuingMedicalEducation(美国继续教育认证委员会).Thatmeansdoctorscan

earncreditstheyneedtokeeptheirlicenses[C8]bylearningaboutyoga.A

four-dayyogacoursecostsdoctors$695.Yogatherapyisa[C9]new

additiontothelistofaccredited(授权的，认定的)courses,butonethathasproved

helpfultophysicians,saidDr.MurrayKopelow,presidentandCEOoftheACCME.For

Narayanan,theabilitytotreata[CIO]diseaseanchaveevidenceofaproven

outcomeisthecrux(关键，难题)ofhisworkwithhealthcareproviders.Hesaid

psychiatristsoftenseethemostpowerfulresultsofthepracticesometimesreplacing

drugswithbreathingexercises.A)abilityE)horizonsI)PickingM)specificB)avoidsF)

integratingJ)refrainN)StretchingC)awfullyG)jointlyK)relativelyO)techniquesD)

currentH)medicalL)seeks

1、[Cl]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：动词辨义题。根据空格上下文可以判断，空格与uses,showsup并

列,因此空格处需要填入一个动词，且为第三人称单数形式。备选的动词中，只有

avoids(避免)符合语境，"避免使用梵文词汇”与上文提至IJ的“在瑜伽课上使用大家所

熟悉的词汇”相一致，故选B。

2、[C2]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：动词辨义题。该空格所在的分句作主句the30studentsteamed…的伴

随状语，又因空格与主句主语是主谓关系，所以空格处需要填入一个动名词。备选

词汇中，Picking意为“选择"，pickout意为“挑选”,用在此处语义不通顺，故而可

以排除。Stretching可以与out搭配使用，stretchout意为“伸展四肢”，符合文意，

故选N。

3、[C3]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：名词辨义题。根据空格前的learned可以判断，此处应填入一个名

词。由下文中的breathingandtechniques以及breathingexercises可知，瑜伽课上人

们会学习呼吸技巧。备选的名词中，只有techniques（技巧）符合语境，故选0。

4、[C4]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：动词辨义题。空格所在的定语从句中缺少一个谓语。该定语从句的关

系代词that修饰anonprofitorganization,故谓语应该是第三人称单数形式。剩余备

选动词中，seeks符合要求。seeks意为“设法，试图”，后接动词不定式，符合此处

语境，故选L。

5、[C5]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：动词辨义题。根据空格前介词at和空格后介词into可以判断，此处

需要填入一个动名词。备选词汇中，只有integraling（使结合）符合此处语境，故选

FointegrateAintoB意为“使A融入B”。

6、[C6]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：名词辨义题。根据空格前的the和空格后的of可以判断，此处需要填

入一个名词。备选名词中，只有horizons（视野）符合语境，expandthehorizons意为

“扩展视野”，与破折号后的内容相呼应，故选E。

7、[C7]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：副词辨义题。根据空格后的sponsored可以判断，此处需要填入•个

副词修饰动词。由前文可知“瑜伽生活”是由纳拉亚南创立的，因此填入jointly（联

合地）表示哈佛医学院联合赞助，故选G。

8、[C8]

标准答案：D

知识点露析：形容词辨义题。由前文可知，该组织得到了美国继续医学教育认证委

员会的认可，因此推断该句是说医生可以通过学习瑜伽求获得学分，以此束保证医

生执照的有•效性。备选的i噌匚中，只有current（通用的，流通的）符合语境，故选

Do

9、[C9]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：副词辨义题。根据空格前的a和空格后的newaddition可以判断,此

处需要填入一个副词来修饰形容词new。备选的副词中，只有relatively（相对地）符

合语境，该句意为“瑜伽疗法在获得认证的课程中属相对段新的课程”，故选K。

10、[C10]

标准答案:M

知识点解析：形容词辨义题。根据空格前的a和空格后的disease可以判断，此处

需要填入一个形容词修饰名词disease。备选的形容词中，只有specific（特定的，具

体的）符合语境，treataspecificdisease意为“治疗特定的疾病”，直选M。

二、长篇阅读（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。）

TheDrugsDon'tWorkA）Severalmonthsago,theU.S.CentersforDiseaseControland

Preventionreleasedastunningreportontheimpactofresistantbacteria.Accordingtothe

analysis,whichCDCofficialssaidwasconservative,morethan2millionpeopleare

infectedintheUnitedStateseachyearbybacteriathatareresistanttoawidearrayofthe

safestandmosteffectiveantibiotics.Ofthose,atleast23,000die.Theillnessesand

deathscostsocietysome$55billionannually-$20billionfromadditionalhcalth-carc

spendingand$35billionfromlostproductivity."Ifwearenotcareful,wewillsoonbein

apost-antibioticera,"saidDr.TomFrieden,thedirectoroftheCDC."Andforsome

patientsandfbrsomemicrobes,wearealreadythere."B）Resistantbacteriaspreadnot

onlywithcross-contaminationfrompeoplewhoarealreadysickorunknowinglycarrying

（hemicrobes;（heyalsocomefromfoodAmericanseat.Indeed,acurrentmultistate

outbreakofaniulti-drug-resistantstraincalledSalmonellaHeidelberg（海德堡沙门氏菌）

wastracedtoFosterFarmsbrandchicken.Atpresent,themicrobehadinfectedmorethan

300peoplein20statesandPuertoRico;morethanonethirdofthemrequired

hospitalization.C）Inthepast,drug-resistantbacteriawererelativelyeasytoconfront,

withpharmaceutical（制药的）companiespumpingoutever-moresophisticated

antibiotics.BigPharmaisn'tinvestingmuchtimeoreffortintheselinesoftreatment

thesedays—whycommithundredsofmillionsofdollarstoresearchanddevelopanew

antibioticthatwillonlybetakenbyapatientforafewdays,whenabreakthroughdrug

for,say,diabetescouldbebothuniqueandusedbypeopleforalifetime?D）"Wehavean

increasingantimicrobialresistanceacrosstheworldandwehaveadecreasingpipelineof

newantibiotics,"saidDr.EdSeptimus,aprofessorofinternalmedicineatTexasA&M

HealthScienceCenterandMsdicalDirectorfortheInfectionPreventionand

EpidemiologyClinicalServicesGroupa（HCAHealthcareSystem."Itisaperfectstorm

inwhich,forsomepatients,itwillfeellikewearegoingbacktothepre-antibioticera."

Whatwoulditbelikelivinginaworldwithoutantibiotics?Youcansaygoodbyeto

manylifesavingprocedureswenowconsidercommonplace.E）Takehearttransplants—

theycanbeperformedonlybecausesurgeonsareconfidentiheamibioiicstheygive

patientsbeforetheprocedurewillpreventapostoperativeinfection.Thesameholdstrue

fbrothercomplexsurgeries.Chemotherapy（化疗）severelyinhibitstheimmunesystem,

whichiswhychemopatientsrequireantibiotics."Somanyofthesemedicalmiraclesthat

wetakeforgrantedareonlypossiblebecausewehavebeenabletodealwithinfectious

complications,"saidRuthLynfield,thestateepidemiologist（流行病专家）andmedical

directorattheMinnesotaDepartmentofHealth."Ifwecan'tdothat,thoseareasof

medicine—surgery,transplants,intensivecare,neonatal（新生儿）care-couldbelost."

F）Anditcouldbeevenworse.Severalmedicalexpertsnotedthatwhileaviruscaused

theinfluenzapandemicof1918,mostofthetensofmillionsofpeoplewhoperishedfrom

thediseasediedofabacterialinfectioninthelungs.Witheffectiveantibiotics,that

complicationcanbetreated.Given（hescarcityofviralvaccinesinmuchof（heworld,if

aresistantbacterialakeshold,allanyonecoulddoisfindaneffectivewaytodisposeof

（hebodies.Given（heslakes,itisastonishingtorealizethecausesofthisthreatarewell-

undersioodandihewaystoattackitwell-known.Evenasfarbackas1945,Alexander

Fleming,apioneerinantibiotics,said,"themisuseofpenicillin（青霉素）couldbethe

propagationofmutant（突变）formsofbacteriathatwouldresistthenewmiracledrug."

G）Inessence,thiscrisisisloomingbecausetheworldconsumestoomanyantibiotics.In

theUnitedStates,doctorsprescribethemtoooften,manytimesbecausepatientsdemand

themforillnessesthatarenotbacterialandthuscannotbetreatedwithantibiotics,such

ascoldsandothersicknessescausedbyviruses.TheCDCfoundthatthegreatestuseof

antibioticsfbrhumansoccursintheSouthernstates,afactthatmedicalexpertsstruggle

toexplain.Onethingthedataandstudiesindicate,though,isthattheareaswiththe

highestusearemostlikelytoexperiencethemostresistantbacteria.H）Buttheamountof

antibioticsusedbyhumansformedicalpurposespalesincomparisontothequantitiesfed

toAmericanlivestock—pigs,cattle,andthelike.AccordingtotheFoodandDrug

Administration,about80percentofallantibioticssoldin2011wereusedonanimals,

primarilyfbrspurringgrowth.I）Whatmakestheuseofantibioticsfbrgrowthinmeat

andpoultry（家禽）productionparticularlytroublesome,expertssay,isthelowdosages.

Usingsmallamountsofantibioticsismorelikelytocreateresistantbugs,theexperts

said,becausethemicrobesarenotwipedout.Instead,thebacieriaareessentiallytrained

toresistthedrugs."Itcreatesareservoirofdrug-resistantgenes,"saidDr.Henry

Chambers,aprofessorofmedicineatUniversityofCaliforniaSanFrancisco.J）

AntibioticsarcalsousedforanimalsintheUnitedStatesasaprophylactic（预防药品），to

preventinfectionslikelytospreadbecauseofthemeatandpoultryproductionprocess.

Theseso-called"productiondiseases"aretheresultofasystemwhichplaceseverlarger

numbersofanimalsintoeversmallercontainmentareas,exposingthemtoeachother's

feces,urineand-asaresult—bacteria."Weneedtochangetheanimalproduction

system,whereanimalsarehealthierandinfectionsbecome（heexceptionandnotthe

norm,"saidDr.LancePrice,aprofessora（theGeorgeWashingtonUniversitySchoolof

PublicHealthandHealthServiceswhospecializesinstudyingresistantbacieria."We

shouldpreventinfectionsinanimalsbynotovercrowdingthem,no（packingthemin

togetherandnotexposingthemtoeasycontamination,"K）Theconnectionbetween

antibioticusageinanimalsandthedevelopmentofresistantbacteriahaslongbeen

recognizedinEurope,whichbannedtheuseofthedrugsasgrowthpromotersin2006.In

theUnitedStates,theFDAonlyimposedvoluntaryrcstrictiorsin2012,which,experts

said,seemsiohavedonelittleiodecreaseusageofantibioticsforlivestock."Whenyou

compareouruseofantibioticsforanimalstowhatthey'reseeinginEurope,"said

Lynflcld,"wearenotdoingwell."L)Despitethemagnitudeoftherisk,manybasic

strategicsforcontainingandidentifyingthreatshavenotbeenadopted.Forexample,

thereisnocomprehensiveinternationalsurveillanceofthreatsfromantibioticresistance;

identificationonlyoccurswiththeappearanceofanoutbreakratherthanthrough

examinationofstrains.AccordingtotheCDC,(hereisnosystematiccollectionof

detailedinformationabouttheuseofantibioticseitherinhumanhealthcareorin

agriculturein(heUnitedStales.Withouttheabilitytotrack,isolateandidentifythese

pathogens(病原体),thebothstateandgovernmenthealthofficialsarcunabletoactuntil

peoplestartshowingserioussignsofillnessordying.M)Medicalexpertsagreethatthe

useofantibioticstospurgrov/thinanimalsortopreventdiseasecausedbyprocessing

techniqueshastostop.Theyalsosaythatuptohalfoftheusageofantibioticsbyhumans

isunnecessary.Programstoengageinwhatisknownas"antibioticstewardship"一

(rainingphysiciansontheproperusesofthedrugsandevenlimitingtheabilityofdoctors

inhospitalswhoareuntrainedininfectiousdiseasestoprescribeantibiotics—havebegun

tobeimplemented,althoughtheyarenotyetwidespread.Sincelargepharmaceutical

companieshavelittleeconomicincentivetodevelopantibiotics,(heexpertssay,

governmenthastostepup,fundingbasicresearchintonewtreatmentsthatwouldcutthe

costforthedevelopmentandsaleofnewdrugs.N)Thehardeststepcouldberestraining

theinternationaluseofantibiotics.ManyresistantstrainsareemerginginIndiaand

SoutheastAsia,whereantibioticscanbepurchasedwithoutaprescription,accordingto

Dr.TrevorVanSchooneveld,medicaldirectoroftheAntimicrobialStewardshipProgram

attheUniversityofNebraskaMedicalCenter.Theresistantstrainsthatemergeinthose

locationseasilyspreadaroundtheworld;forinstance,aresistantbacteriumthatcauses

urinarytractinfectionsemergednotlongagoinNewDelhi;itisnowbeingfoundinthe

UnitedStates.O)Thefailuretopursuethesesolutionshaveleftinfectious-disease

specialistsfrustratedastheyseetheworldmovingfurtherandfurtherawayfromthe

promiseofferedsomanydecadesagobyantibiotics.Governments,theyfear,maynotact

forcefullyuntiltheproblembecomesoverwhelming."Wemayhavetowaituntilthe

deathsofsomereallyprominentandpreviouslyhealthypeople,"saidReiman."Itmight

bethatonlybyshockingthepublicwillwebeable(ohavetheworld(akethisthreat

seriously."

11、Productiondiseasesarisewhentoomanyanimalsarcconfinedinsmalllivingspace.

标准答案：J

知识点解析：题干意为，太多动物被关在狭小空间生活时就会产生生产性疾病。根

据题干中的关键词Productiondiseases可定位到J段。该段第二句提到，这些所谓

的“生产性疾病”是一种将越来越多的动物关在越来越狭小的空间的系统所产生的结

果……由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选J。

12>Antibiotics,abilitytofightagainstinfectiouscomplicationsmakesitpossibleto

carryoutcomplicatedsurgeries.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：题干意为，抗生素能够抵御感染并发症，使得复杂手术的进行成为可

能。根据题干中的关键词infecliouscomplications和complicatedsurgeries可定位到

E段。该段第四句提到，很多我们认为理所当然的医学奇迹都是因为我们能够处理

感染性并发症才成为了可能。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选E。

Comparedwithantibioticsusedonhumanbeings,theuseonfarmanimalsin

Americaismuchmore.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：题干意为，与人使用的抗生素相比，美国用在农场动物身上的抗生素

要多得多。根据题干中的关键词humanbeings和farmanimals可定位到H段。该段

首句提到，但与美国牲畜——猪、牛等使用的抗生素数量相比，被人类用于医疗FI

的的数量就相形见细了.由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选H,

14、Antimicrobialresistancedevelopsfastaround(hewholeworld;meanwhile,wehave

lessnewantibiotics(oproduce.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题干意为，抗生素耐药性在全世界发展迅速，与此同时，我们生产的

新型抗生素却越来越少。根据题干中的关键词Antimicrobialresistance可定位到D

段。该段首句提到，抗菌素的耐药性在世界各地都在增强，而我们制造新型抗生素

的能力在下降。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选D。

15、Comparedwiththepast,drug-resistantbacteriaarehardertodealwithnow.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题干意为，和过去相比，抗药性细菌现在更难对付。根据题干中的关

键词ihepasi和harder可以定位到C段。该段首句提到，在过去，由于制药公司不

断生产更多更发杂的抗生素，抗药性细菌相对容易对抗。意即对抗抗药性细菌，现

在比以往更难了。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选C。

16、InAmerica,antibioticsareusedexcessivelynotbecausepatientsreallyneedthem

butbecausetheythinktheyshouldhavethem.

标准答案：G

知识点解析：题干意为，在美国，抗生素被过度使用，不是因为病人真的需要，而

是因为他们认为自己应该使用。根据题干中的关键词patients可定位到G段。该段

第二句提到，在美国，医生开抗生素太过频繁了。很多时候是囚为病人要求用其来

治病，而他们的病却不是由细菌感染的，因而不能用抗生素来治疗，比如由病毒引

起的感冒和其他疾病。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选G。

17、Asearlyas2006,Europehasrealizedthedangerofusingantibioticsonanimalsto

stimulatetheproduction.

标准答案：K

知识点解析：题干意为，早在2006年欧洲就已经认识到使用抗生素增加动物产量

的危险了。根据题干中的关键词2006和Europe可定位到K段。该段首句提到，欧

洲人很早就认识到了动物使用抗生素和细菌耐药性的发展之间的联系，于2006年

开始禁止使用药物作为生长促进剂.由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述。故选

Ko

18、AlexanderFleminghasalreadypredictedthedangerousconsequenceofmisuseof

antibioticsat（hetimeheinventedpenicillin.

标准答窠：F

知识点解析：题干意为，弗莱明在发明青霉素时就已经预测到滥用抗生素会导致的

危险后果了。根据题干中的关犍词AlexanderFleming可定位到F段。该段末句提

到，抗生素先驱亚历山大.弗莱明说过：“青霉素的滥用可能会造成细菌突变传播，

进而对这种神奇的新药物产生耐抗作用。”由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，

故选Fo

19、Intheprogramof"antibioticstewardship",doctorsaredeprivedoftherightto

prescribeantibioticsiftheyhaven'treceivedtrainingininfectiousdiseases.

标准答案：M-

知识点解析：题干意为，在“抗生素管理''的项Fl中，未受过感染疾病训练的医生会

被剥夺开抗生素的权利。根据题干中的关键词antibioticstewardship可定位到M

段。该段第三句指出，诸如“抗生素管理”的项目虽未大面积展开，但已经开始贯彻

实施。该项目旨在培养医生正确使用药物，甚至限制医院中未受过传染病训练的医

生开抗生素的处方权。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故选M。

20Infectious-diseasespecialistsworrythatthewaytoavoicthedestructive

consequenceofantibioticshasnotbeenfoundyet.

标准答案：O

知识点解析：题干意为，传染病专家担忧的是目前还未找到避免抗生素带来毁灭性

后果的方法。根据题干中的关键词infectious,diseasespecialists可定位到O段。该

段首句提到，所有这些解决方案的失败，使得传染病专家深感挫败，因为他们看到

世界正在一步步地离几十年•前抗生素”描绘”的前景越来越远。由此可知，题干是对

原文的同义转述，故选O。

三、仔细阅读（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。）

Varietyisthespiceoflanguage.Thewordslistedinthisbookarenotintendedtoreplace

thosethatmostpeopleusemostofthetime.Rather,theyarevariationsonthetheme.We

tendtousethesameoldwordsoverandoveragain,tolimitourpowersofexpressionby

limitingourvocabulaiy.Thereisnothingwrongwiththe"oldwords",butwhynot

enhanceyourspeechandwritingbylearningtousenewonesfromtimetotimeas

alternatives?Doyouspeakofhavinganaccident?Whynotusethealternativemishap

（灾祸）onceinawhile?Everyonetalksoftheusualthingtodoorexpect.Mightnotone,

toenrichhisspeech,speakofthecustomary（惯常的）thing?Orwhynotoccasionally

describeasituationasaggravatedinsteadofworsened?Don'tthrowawaythe"old

words".Varythemwiththe"newwords".Englishisanespeciallyrichlanguage,and

often（herearedelicateshadesofdifferencebetweentwowordsthataregenerally

regardedasequivalentorsynonymous.Thus,amishapisnotmerelyanaccident;itisan

unfortunateaccident.（Therecanbefortunateaccidents,likebumpingintoanoldfriend

youhaven'tseenforyearsandwhoseaddressyou'velost.）So.inusingmishapinsteadof

accident,youmustbesureof（hedistinction.Again,you'dneversay"ascustomary"

ratherthan"asusual",becausethelatterphrasehasbecomeartofthelanguage.But

wouldn'titsometimesbepleasantandperhapsmoreinterestingtodescribeakindactby

someoneashavingbeendonewithhiscustomaryratherthanhisusualthoughtfulness?

Otherexamples:fragrant,forsmellinggood,orhavinganicesmell;morsel（少量），for

bit;wayward（任性的）,fordisobedient;deft（灵巧的），forskillfulorclever.Nodoubta

goodmanywordsinthelistwillbefamiliartoyou,butdoyouusethem,ordothey

remainthe"properly"ofothers?Theyareincludedtointroducevariety,and,moreoften

（hannot,subtleshadesofmeaningintoyourspeechandwriting.Trytomakethesewords

yourown,ascompanionsorfriendlyrivalsoftheonesyouhavemanagedwithinthe

past.Letthemcompete,andmakeyourlanguageallthericher.Manywordshavemore

chanonemeaning.Insuchcases,Ihavegiventhemeaningormeaningsmostlikelytobe

usedineverydayspeech,omittingtherest.Asanexample,theworddocilemeansnot

only"easilyled"or"manageable",butalso"easilytaught"or"teachable".（Docilecomes

fromtheLatindocilis,whosefirstmeaningis"teachable",andisbasedontheLatinverb

docerc,meaningtoteach,aformofwhich,doctus,meaning\aught”,gaveusourword

doctor.）Inthishook,onlythemeaning"easytomanageorlead"isgiven,becausethe

otheruse"teachable"isveryrareineverydayEnglishusage.Ortakeghastly（可怕的）,

whichmeans"ghostlike"aswellas"horrible,dreadful"（asinaghastlyaccidentora

ghastlymistake）.Thefirstmeaningissufficientlyrare,forthepurposesofthisbook,to

warrantomission.

21、Whatwillhappenifweconfineourselves（owordswealwaysuse?

A^Ourexpressionabilitywillbeaffected.

B、Ourmindwillbenarroweddown.

C、Ourinterestinlearningwillbediscouraged.

D、Ouremotionalworldwillberestricted.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根捱题干中的confine和wordswealwaysuse定位到第一段

第四句。题十问如果我们只用自己常用的词汇会怎样。根据第•段第四句可知：

“我们常常反复不断地使用同样的旧词，这使我们的词汇量受限，从而，我们的表

达能力也受限了。”因此A项符合文意，故选A。其他三项文中未提及。

22、Accordingiothepassage,Englishisarichlanguageinthat.

A^alotofitswordsarefromvariouslanguages

B、thereareminordifferencesbetweenevenequivalents

C、itswordsareblendedbytheoldandnewwordstogether

D、itswordsaregroupedaccordingtotheirdifferencesinmeanings

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干中的English和rich定位到第三段第三句。由该句

可知"英语是词汇尤其丰富为语言，通常被认为是同义词的两个词之间经常有细微

的差别。”由此可见，本句的后半句证明了前半句。B项与原文意思相符，其中

minordifferences与原文delicateshadesofdifference对应，故选B。

23、Whenwcturntosomeexpressionswhicharclessfrequentlyused,wc.

A^mayfindthemamusingandinteresting

B、alwaysfeelunsureandworried

C、arenotaccustomedto(heswitch

D、probablyfeelstrangeanddismayed

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推断题。根据题干中的lessfrequenllyused定位到第三段第七句。该

句意为：“不过，如果我们在描述某人的善意举动时，偶尔说他的体贴周到是出于

，习惯性的'而非'通常的‘，穴是更讨人喜欢，或许，也更有趣吗?”由此可判断，有

时我们使用一些平时不常用的词汇，会显得更为有趣。A项符合文意，故选A.

24、Accordingtotheauthor,words.

A、addshadesofcolortooursociallife

B、cannotbeakindofassetstopeople

C、cannotbeownedbyspeakersifnotused

D、withsimilarmeaningscannotexisttogether

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。根据题干中的words定位到第四段第一句和最后两句。该段

第•句提出，如果你没用过某些词汇，那它们就是别人的“财产”。之后各句给出建

议，尤其最后两句说：“试着使这些词变成你自己的，使它们成为你以前掌握的那

些词的同伴或友好对手。让它们竞争，使你的语言变得愈发丰富。”由此可以判

断，对丁个词来说，如果说话的人没有使用过，那么它就不能算作为其所有。C

项符合文意，故选C。

25、Fromtheword"docile"(Line4,Para.5),wecanseethat.

A、somewordsconveycompletelyoppositemeanings

B、LatinmakesuptheimportantrootforEnglishwords

C、itsraremeaningisalsogivenin(hedictionary

D^someEnglishwordsderivefromLatin

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。根据题干中的docile定位到最后一段第三句后面括号中的内

容“由该句可知“docile”这个词来源于拉丁语“docilis”，由此可推断，一些英文单词

来源于拉丁文。D项符合文意，故选D。B项虽然也提到拉丁文，但原文并未提及

拉「文是英语词汇的词根中最重要的构成部分，故可排除。A项和C项均不合文

意。

Therecanbefewmoredepressingstoriesin(heentirehistoryman'sexploilaiionof

nature(hanthedestructionoftheunfortunategreatwhales.Thewhaleshavenotonly

suffereduntoldcrueltyhutnowfacetotalextermination(灭绝).Alreadyentire

populationshavebeenwipedout,andtheonlyreasonwhynospecieshasyetbeen

finishedoffisduetothevastnessandinaccessibility(难至lj达)oftheoceans;apocketor

twosomewherehasalwaysmanagedtoescape.Thebasicruleofextinctionisvery

simple:itoccurswhenaspeciesmortalityiscontinuallygreaterthanitsrecruitment.

Therearcthough,someveryspecialadditionalfactorsinthecaseofwhales.Mandocs

notactuallyhavetokillthelastwhalesofaspecieswithhisownhands,asitwere,to

causeitsdisappearance.Biologicalextinctionwillquicklyfollowtheendofcommercial

whaling,shouldthatendbeduetoashortageofrawmaterial,i.e.ofwhales.Whalers

havelongsoughttodefendtheirwretchedtradebyinsistingthatwhalesarcautomatically

protected:assoonastheybecomerare,andthereforeuneconomictopursue,manwill

havenochoicebuttostopthehunting.Thatisaverynicetheory,butitisthetheoryofan

accountantandnotofabiologist;onlyanaccountantcouldapplycommercialeconomics

tocomplexbiologicalsystems.Thereasonsforitsabsurdityaremanyandvaried.In（he

caseofwhalingitcanbesummedupinthefollowingway.Whenthestockhasbeen

reducedbelowacriticallevel,anatural,possiblyunstoppabledownwardspiralbegins

becauseofthreemainfactorsFirst,theanimalsluckyenoughtosurvivetheslaughter

willbetooscatteredtolocateoneanotherowningtothevastnessoftheoceans.

Secondly,whalesbeingsociableanimalsprobablyneedthestimulusofsizeable

gatheringstoinducereproductivebehavior.Itisquitelikelythattwoindividualsmeeting

throughchancewillnotbecompatible.（Theycanhardlybeexpectedtobeawareoftheir

ownrarityortorealizeanyneedforadjustingtheirnaturalinclinations.）Thisis

especiallysowithpolygamous（——夫多妻的）speciesliketheSpermWhale.Thirdly,and

perhapsmostimportantin（helongterm,evenallowingthatthewhalesmightstillbeable

tobandtogetherinsociallyacceptablegroups（thankstotheirundeniablyexcellent

communicativesystems）,thereisarealdangertha