广东顺德2027届高三上学期9月月考英语试题（含解析）

高三英语满分120分，用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，请务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡对应题目后面的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案写在试卷上无效。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou’replanningaself-drivetourofScotland,therearemanyscenicroutesthatwilltakeyouthroughbreathtakinglandscapes,charmingtownsandbeautifulcoastlines.MorayFirthRouteThis80-mileroutetakesyoufromInvernesstoLochFleet,passingaroundtheBeauly,CromartyandDornochfirthsinthenorth-eastHighlands.Thedrivetakesabout1hour50minutes.ItisagoodchoiceifyouwantarelativelyshorttripwhilestillenjoyingthesceneryofnorthernScotland.SnowRoadsScenicRouteRunningfromBlairgowrietoGrantown,this90-mileroutecrossestheeasternpartofCairngormsNationalPark.IttakesdriversalongsomeofBritain’shighestpublicroads,whichoftenclosefirstwhenitsnows.Visitorsshouldallowaboutthreehoursforthedrive.ArgyllCoastalRouteFormountainsceneryandsparklinglochviews,trythis129-milejourneyfromTarbettoFortWilliam.TheroutefollowsScotland’swestcoastandcanbecompletedinabout2hours55minutes.Itisespeciallysuitablefortravellerswhoenjoyamixtureofmountains,waterandcoastallandscapes.SouthWestCoastal300ThiscircularroadtripbeginsandendsinDumfriesandcovers300miles.Alongtheway,travellerscanenjoyunspoiltcoastline,strikingsceneryandmanyplacestostopandexplore.Unliketheshorterroutes,thistripnormallytakesthreetofourdays,makingitbetterforvisitorswithmoretime.Theroutesabovevaryinlengthanddrivingtime,soyoucanchooseonethatbestsuitsyourscheduleandinterests.Nomatterwhichrouteyouchoose,takelitterawayandbookaccommodationinadvance.1.Whichrouteistheshortestindistance?A.MorayFirthRoute. B.SnowRoadsScenicRoute.C.ArgyllCoastalRoute. D.SouthWestCoastal300.2.WhatmakestheSouthWestCoastal300differentfromtheotherroutes?A.Itstartsandendsindifferentplaces. B.Itrequiresseveraldaystocomplete.C.Itfocusesmainlyonmountainviews. D.ItcrossesBritain’shighestpublicroads.3.Whatshouldtravellersconsidermostwhenchoosingaroute?A.Costanddestinations. B.Lengthandsafety.C.Timeandinterests. D.Weatherandfood.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文介绍苏格兰四条自驾风景线路，各线路里程、时长与景色特色不同，游客可按需挑选，出行记得带走垃圾并提前预订住宿。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“This80-mileroutetakesyoufromInvernesstoLochFleet,passingaroundtheBeauly,CromartyandDornochfirthsinthenorth-eastHighlands.(这条80英里长的路线从因弗内斯出发，前往洛赫弗利特，途经高地东北部的比尤利、克罗马蒂和多诺奇峡湾)”；第三段“RunningfromBlairgowrietoGrantown,this90-mileroutecrossestheeasternpartofCairngormsNationalPark.(这条90英里长的路线从布莱尔戈里到格兰特镇，穿越了凯恩戈姆国家公园的东部地区)”；第四段“Formountainsceneryandsparklinglochviews,trythis129-milejourneyfromTarbettoFortWilliam.(若想欣赏山景与湖光粼粼的美景，不妨尝试从塔伯特到威廉堡的129英里旅程)”以及倒数第二段“ThiscircularroadtripbeginsandendsinDumfriesandcovers300miles.(这条环形公路旅行从邓弗里斯出发，终点也在邓弗里斯，全程约300英里)”可知，MorayFirthRoute的距离最短。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SouthWestCoastal300部分“Unliketheshorterroutes,thistripnormallytakesthreetofourdays,makingitbetterforvisitorswithmoretime.(与较短的路线不同，这条线路通常需要三到四天，因此更适合有更多时间的游客)”可知，与其他较短的路线不同，这条路线通常需要花费三到四天的时间才能完成。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theroutesabovevaryinlengthanddrivingtime,soyoucanchooseonethatbestsuitsyourscheduleandinterests.(上述路线长度和驾驶时间各不相同，您可以根据自己的日程安排和兴趣选择最合适的路线)”可知，游客在选择路线时最应该考虑的是时间和兴趣。BFewwomenwerestudyingforaPhDinchemistrywhenDellChiltonenteredgraduateschoolin1960.Fewerstillwerefocusedonthemysteriesofhowgeneticinformationisstoredinthebeautifuldouble-helixstructureofDNA.“IalwaysfeltlikeIdidn’twanttobehiredoradvancedbecauseIwasawoman,”Dr.Chiltonlatersaid.“IwantedtobeadvancedbecauseIwasthebest.SoImademyselfthebest.”Conductingexperimentswithatinymicrobe,Dr.Chiltonhelpedstartanagriculturalrevolution,leadingaresearchteamthatdevelopedthefirstgeneticallymodified(转基因)plantin1982.Herworkbrokenewgroundingenetics,leadingtohonorsincludingtheNationalMedalofTechnologyandInnovation,andcontributedtotheriseofaneweraofgeneticallymodifiedorganismsorGMOs.“MillionsoffarmersallovertheworldhaveDr.Chiltontothankforprotectingtheircropsfromdisease,pestsandclimateshocks,”saidTomVilsack,theCEOofWorldFoodPrizeOrganization.In2013,Dr.ChiltonwasawardedtheWorldFoodPrize,togetherwithtwootherscientistswithwhomshesometimescompetedandsometimescooperated.Adeterminedyetgenerousresearcher—sheandherhusbandwereknownforhostingvisitingscientistsandyoungresearchersattheirhome,whichwaslovinglycalledthe“ChiltonHilton(希尔顿酒店)”.Theytreatedthevisitorsmuchliketheirextendedfamily,withbeerandpizzaonFridayevenings,acollectiveluncheveryworkingday.“Shealwaysencouragedherresearcherstofollowtheircuriosity,whereveritledthem,”saidMikeBevan,whoworkedwithChiltonfor30years.Chiltonwasfondlycalledasthe“queenofagrobacterium(农杆菌)”.“Shewasawonderfulleader,”saidMikeBevan,“enthusiasticandengaged,hugelysupportive,andahighlyknowledgeableandwell-connectedguide.”GrowingupintheChicagosuburbsatatimewhengirlswereseldomencouragedtostudyscience,Dr.Chiltonfoundherpassioninatelescope-makinggroup.“Mymothershowedmebyexamplethatwomencandothingsinthisworld,”Dr.Chiltonsaidofhermother,asuccessfulbusinesswomanwhohadsupportedherscientificcuriosityfromayoungage.Dr.ChiltonpassedawayonJune24,2026,attheageof87,leavingbehindalastinglegacyinagriculturalscience.4.WhatwasDr.Chilton’smajorscientificcontribution?A.ShediscoveredthestructureofDNA.B.Shecreatedthefirstgeneticallymodifiedplant.C.Shefoundacureforplantdiseasesworldwide.D.ShefoundedtheWorldFoodPrizeOrganization.5.Whatdoesthenickname“ChiltonHilton”suggestaboutDr.Chilton?A.Shepreferredworkingathome. B.Sheonceworkedinthehotelindustry.C.Shewasverywelcomingtothevisitors. D.Shewasknownforbeingstrictwithresearchers.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Chilton’searlylife?A.Hermotherbackedherinterestinscience.B.Shewastheonlygirlinherscienceclasses.C.Shewasbornintoafamilyoffamousscientists.D.Sheshowednointerestinscienceuntilcollege.7.WhichbestdescribesChilton’sattitudetobeingawomaninscience?A.Shefeltitwasanunfairdisadvantage.B.Sheavoidedtalkingaboutthetopicpublicly.C.Shebelievedwomenwerenaturallybetterscientists.D.Shefocusedonbeingthebestratherthancomplaining.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】文章主要讲述了DellChilton克服性别阻碍，培育出首个转基因植物，获世界粮食奖；她热心扶持后辈，母亲影响深远，为农业科学留下宝贵遗产。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ Conductingexperimentswithatinymicrobe,Dr.Chiltonhelpedstartanagriculturalrevolution,leadingaresearchteamthatdevelopedthefirstgeneticallymodified( 转基因)plantin1982.(通过用一种微小的微生物进行实验，奇尔顿博士帮助开启了一场农业革命，领导一个研究团队于1982年培育出世界上第一株转基因植物。)”可知，Chilton博士的主要科学贡献是培育出了第一株转基因植物。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Adeterminedyetgenerousresearcher—sheandherhusbandwereknownforhostingvisitingscientistsandyoungresearchersattheirhome,whichwaslovinglycalledthe“ChiltonHilton(希尔顿酒店)”.Theytreatedthevisitorsmuchliketheirextendedfamily,withbeerandpizzaonFridayevenings,acollectiveluncheveryworkingday.(一位意志坚定而慷慨大方的研究者——她和丈夫以在家中接待来访的科学家和年轻研究人员而闻名，他们的家被亲切地称为“希尔顿酒店”。他们像对待自己的家人一样款待来访者，每周五晚上提供啤酒和披萨，工作日则每天共进午餐)”可知，“ChiltonHilton（希尔顿酒店）”这个绰号暗示了她对访客非常热情好客。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Mymothershowedmebyexamplethatwomencandothingsinthisworld,”Dr.Chiltonsaidofhermother,asuccessfulbusinesswomanwhohadsupportedherscientificcuriosityfromayoungage.(“我母亲以身作则，让我明白女性也能在这个世界上有所作为，”奇尔顿博士谈到她母亲时说道。她的母亲是一位成功的商界人士，从小就支持她对科学的好奇心)”可知，在她的早年生活中，母亲非常支持她对科学的兴趣。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“IwantedtobeadvancedbecauseIwasthebest.SoImademyselfthebest.(我想因为我是最优秀的而获得晋升。所以我让自己成为最优秀的)”可知，她不想因为女性身份而获得特殊对待，而是通过努力让自己做到最好，这表明她专注于成为最优秀的人而不是抱怨。CEricStallard,abrainresearcher,beganlookingintotherateofdementia(痴呆)amongelderlyAmericans.Hewassoshockedbyhisfindingsthatheputoffpublishinghisfirstpaperfortwoandahalfyearswhilehedouble-checkedhiswork.“Iwantedtobeabsolutelycertain,”herecalls,sincethenumberswentagainstallexpectations.Insteadofconfirmingthewidely-heldbeliefthatdementiawasbecominganincreasinglyseriousprobleminAmerica,theyshowedthattheproportionoldpeoplesufferingfromitwasinfactdecreasingrapidly.“Iwasshockedbythedeclines,”hesays.Stallardhasbeenworkingforadecadetoconfirmthisdiscovery.Hisfindingshave,ifanything,becomeevenmorestriking.Lastyearheandsomecolleaguespublishedresearchshowingthat,while40yearsagothreeintenAmericansaged85-89haddementia,by2024justoneintenhadit.Americaisnottheonlyonetobenefitfromthistrend.Between1988and2015theshareofolderpeoplebeingdiagnosedwithdementiafellby13%perdecadeacrosssixcountriesinNorthAmericaandEurope,accordingtoastudyofalmost50,000people.Butthegoodnewsislargelylimitedtorichcountries,atleastfornow.Thesinglebiggestriskfactorfordementiaisage.Theratedoublesroughlyeveryfiveyearsafter70.InAmericain2016,just4%ofpeopleaged70-74haddementia,buttheratejumpedto9%forthosewhowere75-79andagainto18%for80-to84-year-olds.Thispattern,combinedwithlonglifeexpectancy,hasledtoalarmingpredictions.Astudypredictsthattheglobalpopulationofpeoplewithdementiawillalmosttriplefromaround57millionin2019to153millionin2050.Butifdementiaratescontinuetofall,thesepredictionsmaybetoopessimistic.Researchershaveidentified14changeableriskfactors,includingeducation,hearingloss,highbloodpressure,andsocialisolation.Theyestimatethatabout45%ofdementiacasescouldbedelayedorpreventedbyaddressingthesefactors.8.WhydidStallarddelaypublishinghisfindings?A.Helackedsufficientdata. B.Hewantedtoconfirmtheresults.C.Hewaswaitingforpeerreview. D.Hedoubtedthewidelyheldbelief.9.WhatwasStallard’smostsurprisingfinding?A.Dementiarateswerefalling. B.Dementiabecomesmoreserious.C.Americahadthehighestdementiarate. D.Morewomenwereaffectedthanmen.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutdementiafromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itcannotbeprevented. B.Ageisnotasignificantriskfactor.C.Itismorecommonamongolderpeople. D.Itmainlyaffectsthosewhoareunder70.11.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A.Dementiaisanunavoidableresultofaging.B.Dementiarateswillcontinuetoriseglobally.C.Richcountrieshavesolvedthedementiaproblem.D.Thedementiasituationislessalarmingthanexpected.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】文章主要说明了研究发现欧美发达国家老年痴呆患病率持续下降，但全球患者总数仍预计大增；改善多种可控危险因素，有望预防或延缓近半数病例。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hewassoshockedbyhisfindingsthatheputoffpublishinghisfirstpaperfortwoandahalfyearswhilehedouble-checkedhiswork.“Iwantedtobeabsolutelycertain,”herecalls,sincethenumberswentagainstallexpectations.(他对自己的发现感到震惊，因此推迟了两年半才发表第一篇论文，期间反复核对研究数据。“我想要完全确定，”他回忆道，因为这些数字完全出乎所有人的预料)”可知，Stallard想要确认研究结果。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Insteadofconfirmingthewidely-heldbeliefthatdementiawasbecominganincreasinglyseriousprobleminAmerica,theyshowedthattheproportionoldpeoplesufferingfromitwasinfactdecreasingrapidly.(他们并未证实普遍认为的痴呆症在美国正日益严重这一观点，而是证明了患此病的老年人比例实际上正在迅速下降)”以及第二段“Iwasshockedbythedeclines(我被这种下降震惊了)”可知，他最令人惊讶的发现是痴呆症的发病率在下降。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Theratedoublesroughlyeveryfiveyearsafter70.InAmericain2016,just4%ofpeopleaged70-74haddementia,buttheratejumpedto9%forthosewhowere75-79andagainto18%for80-to84-year-olds.(70岁之后，发病率大约每五年翻一番。2016年在美国，仅有4%的70至74岁人群患有痴呆症，但这一比例在75至79岁人群中上升至9%，在80至84岁人群中进一步增至18%)”可知，年龄越大患病率越高，即痴呆症在老年人中更为常见。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一、二、三段指出研究发现痴呆症的发病率实际上在下降，这打破了人们认为其日益严重的普遍认知；第五段进一步总结，虽然人口老龄化导致了全球痴呆症患者总数增加的悲观预测，但“如果发病率继续下降，这些预测可能过于悲观”，并且指出约45%的病例是可以延缓或预防的。综合全文，文章想要传达的主要信息是：痴呆症的现状和未来并没有人们预期的那么令人担忧（lessalarmingthanexpected）。DPeopleworkingwithartificialintelligence(AI)tendtooutperformthosewithoutitontaskswell-suitedforAI,suchaswritingtext,organizingresearchandgeneratingideas.Incontrolledexperiments,researchershaveseengreatimprovements—atleastintheshortterm.Ina2026study,EthanMollickattheWhartonSchoolandhiscolleaguesreportedwhathappenedwhentheygaveAIassistancetohundredsofconsultantsatBostonConsultingGroup(BCG).ThoseusingAIcompleted12%moretasksandfinishedthem25%fasteronaverage.FortaskswithinAI’sabilities,theworkqualitywasjudgedtobemuchhigher.However,otherresearchpaintsamoreworryingpicture.AteamledbyGraceLiuofCarnegieMellonUniversitytestedhowAIaffectedpeople’sthinkingabilitytosolvemathproblems.WhenpeoplewhohadusedAIlaterlostaccesstothetool,theyperformedworsethanthosewhohadneverusedAIatall.Theeffectappearedafterjust10minutesofAIassistance—peoplebecamelesscapableofsolvingproblemsontheirown.AnotherteamledbyStevenShawfromWhartonexploredthisfurtherbycontrollingtheaccuracyofAIanswersgiventoparticipants.Intheir2026studyinvolvingmorethan1,300people,theyobservedsomethingtheycalled“cognitivesurrender”—astateinwhichuserssimplyagreewiththeAI’sjudgmentastheirownwithoutthinkingcritically.WhentheAIwascorrect,accuracyjumped25%abovetheusuallevel.ButwhentheAIwaswrong,accuracydropped15%below.Eitherway,peoplefeltmoreconfidentintheiranswers.A2024reviewof106AIexperimentsinthejournalNatureHumanBehaviorrevealedakeyfinding:whenhumansarebetterthanAIatatask,thehuman-AIteamperformsbetterthaneitherworkingalone.ButwhenAIisbetter,theteamactuallyperformsworsethantheAIbyitself,probablybecausepeoplecannottellwhentotrustthemachineandwhentotrustthemselves.EvidenceisalsobuildingthatAIharmslearningwhenitremovesmentaleffort.Alargestudyof27,000ChinesestudentsfoundthattestscoresdroppedwhenstudentsusedAItospeedthroughtheirhomework.ButstudentswhoaskedAIforexplanationsandfollow-upquestions,ratherthanjustforanswers,largelykepttheirlearning.Asoneresearcherwiselyputit:“Thegoalshouldn’tbetouseAItoavoidthinking.ItshouldbetouseAItodeepenthinking.”12.What’stheresultoftheBostonConsultingGroupstudy?A.AIreplacedmostconsultants’jobs. B.AIimprovedconsultants’workefficiency.C.OnlysimpletaskscouldbenefitfromAI. D.Therewasnodifferencebetweenthetwogroups.13.Whatdoes“cognitivesurrender”inparagraph4referto?A.UsersrefusingtouseAIintheirwork. B.UsersbecomingsmarterthroughAIuse.C.UserscarefullycheckingAI-generatedanswers. D.UsersacceptingAI’sviewswithoutquestioning.14.Whatdoesthe2024reviewof106AIexperimentsfind?A.Peopletrustthemachinemorethanthemselves.B.Thehuman-AIteamismoreeffectivethanAIalone.C.AIalwaysperformsbetterthanhumansworkingalone.D.Thehuman-AIteamworksbestifhumansaresmarter.15.WhatdoesthestudyofChinesestudentssuggestaboutusingAIforlearning?A.StudentsshouldnotbeallowedtouseAI.B.UsingAIforhomeworkdamageslearning.C.HowAIisusedmattersmorethanwhetheritisused.D.AIexplanationsarelesshelpfulthandirectanswers.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】主要说明了AI能助力适配任务提升效率质量，但会引发认知投降，使人丧失独立思考；只有善用AI求索而非直接获取答案，才不会损害学习能力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThoseusingAIcompleted12%moretasksandfinishedthem25%fasteronaverage.(使用人工智能的用户平均完成的任务数量比未使用人工智能的顾问多12%，完成时间也快了25%)”可知，波士顿咨询集团的研究结果表明，AI显著提高了顾问的工作效率。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段破折号后对“cognitivesurrender”的解释：“astateinwhichuserssimplyagreewiththeAI’sjudgmentastheirownwithoutthinkingcritically(用户不加批判地直接将AI的判断作为自己的判断而予以同意的状态)”可知，该词组指的是用户不加质疑地接受AI的观点。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“ButwhenAIisbetter,theteamactuallyperformsworsethantheAIbyitself,probablybecausepeoplecannottellwhentotrustthemachineandwhentotrustthemselves.(但当人工智能更优秀时，团队的表现反而比人工智能本身还要差，这可能是因为人们无法判断何时该信任机器，何时该相信自己)”可知，2024年的回顾研究发现，如果人类在任务中表现更出色，人机团队的合作效果最好。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“EvidenceisalsobuildingthatAIharmslearningwhenitremovesmentaleffort.Alargestudyof27,000ChinesestudentsfoundthattestscoresdroppedwhenstudentsusedAItospeedthroughtheirhomework.ButstudentswhoaskedAIforexplanationsandfollow-upquestions,ratherthanjustforanswers,largelykepttheirlearning.Asoneresearcherwiselyputit:“Thegoalshouldn’tbetouseAItoavoidthinking.ItshouldbetouseAItodeepenthinking.”(越来越多的证据表明，人工智能在削弱认知努力时会对学习造成损害。一项针对2.7万名中国学生的大型研究发现，当学生使用人工智能快速完成作业时，他们的考试成绩有所下降。但那些向人工智能寻求解释和后续问题的学生，而非仅仅获取答案，通常能更好地保持学习效果。正如一位研究者睿智地指出：“目标不应是利用人工智能来回避思考，而应是通过人工智能来深化思考。”)”可知，用AI直接快速完成作业的学生成绩下降了，而利用AI寻求解释和深入提问的学生则保持了良好的学习效果。这表明AI对学习的影响完全取决于学生使用它的方式，即“如何使用AI”比“是否使用AI”更重要。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。Ifyouaskpeoplehowtoday’schildrenaredoing,youwilllikelygetanearfulofcomplaintsandconcerns.Manybelievethatchildrentodayarelessresilient,lessempathetic,andlessmentallyhealthythanpreviousgenerations.Headlinesfrequentlywarnofayouthcrisis,andmanyparentsquietlyworryaboutthefuture.____16____Studiessuggestthatyoungpeopletodayare,inmanyways,doingbetterthanthoseofpreviousgenerations.Theirbasicliteracy(素养)andcuriosityhaveimproved.Theyaremoreempathetic,moreopen-mindedandinclusivethanthose50yearsago.____17____Konrathandhercolleaguessurveyednearly700adolescentsandfoundthat73%hadvolunteeredordonatedtocharities.____18____Manyfactorsareprobablyatplay,butexpertsbelievethatchangesinparentingandeducationalstylescouldbeanimportantdriver.Onesignificantchangeinparentingisagreaterfocusonemotionalliteracy.“Overthepast15yearsofclinicalwork,manyyoungchildrenhavecomeinwitharicheremotionalvocabularythanthoseIsawearlierinmycareer,”saysTracy,aclinicalpsychologist.Meanwhile,moreschoolshaveintroducedsocialandemotionallearningprogramsthatencourageempathyandself-control.Whatabouttheroleofsocialmedia?Itisoftenblamedfordamagingyoungpeople.Evenexpertssupportbanningsmartphonesinschools.____19____Somestudies,however,findthattechnologymaybehelpingkidsconnectwithothers,findsupport,andlearnaboutworldissues.“Itcanmakethemmorethoughtful,consciouscitizens,”Konrathsays.Sowhydoesthenegativeviewofyoungpeopleremainsocommon?Onereasonisthatourmindsarebuilttonoticethreats.Ourancestorswhonoticeddangerweremorelikelytosurvive,whichmayexplainwhynegativeinformationattractsmoreattentionthanpositivenews.Cognitive(认知的)biasesalsomakepeoplerememberthepastasbetterthanitactuallywas.____20____Today’syoungpeopleare,onthewhole,doingquitewell.A.Thebigquestioniswhy.B.Theyaremorewillingtoofferhelp,too.C.Yettherecentresearchtellsadifferentstory.D.Thereisnodoubtthatsocialmediaposesrisks.E.Oldergenerationswereclearlyhappierandhealthier.F.Theyfeartheirchildrenmaystruggletofinddecentjobs.G.Whateverthereason,thenegativeviewrarelymatchesreality.【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.G【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍了研究表明现在的青少年素养、好奇心、同理心与包容度都优于上一代人并分析其原因。【16题详解】根据上文“Manybelievethatchildrentodayarelessresilient,lessempathetic,andlessmentallyhealthythanpreviousgenerations.Headlinesfrequentlywarnofayouthcrisis,andmanyparentsquietlyworryaboutthefuture.(很多人认为，如今的孩子比上几代人抗压能力更弱、共情能力更差、心理健康水平更低。新闻头条常常警示青年危机，不少家长暗自为孩子的未来感到担忧。)”和下文“Studiessuggestthatyoungpeopletodayare,inmanyways,doingbetterthanthoseofpreviousgenerations.(研究表明，在很多方面，现在的年轻人比上几代人表现更好。)”可知，前文讲大众普遍对当代年轻人充满负面担忧，后文转而引出研究显示年轻人在很多方面表现更好，此处需要一个转折句衔接前后反差，‌C选项“然而近期的研究却讲述了一个截然不同的故事。”‌完美承上启下。【17题详解】根据上文“Theyaremoreempathetic,moreopen-mindedandinclusivethanthose50yearsago.(相比50年前的人，他们更富有同理心，思想更加开放包容。)”和下文“Konrathandhercolleaguessurveyednearly700adolescentsandfoundthat73%hadvolunteeredordonatedtocharities.(康拉斯及其同事调查了近700名青少年，发现73%的人参与过志愿活动或向慈善机构捐款。)”可知，上文提到提到当代青少年更有同理心、思想更开放包容，下文紧接着给出73%的青少年做过志愿或慈善捐赠的调研数据，‌B选项“他们也更愿意伸出援手。”‌作为递进句，自然引出后文的助人行为佐证。【18题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Manyfactorsareprobablyatplay,butexpertsbelievethatchangesinparentingandeducationalstylescouldbeanimportantdriver.Onesignificantchangeinparentingisagreaterfocusonemotionalliteracy.(多种因素可能共同起作用，但专家认为育儿方式和教育模式的改变或许是重要原因。育儿方面一个显著变化是更加重视情绪素养。)”可知，本段整段用来解释“当代青少年共情等能力更强”的原因。A项“关键问题是原因是什么。”作为本段主题句，开启下文原因分析。【19题详解】根据上文“Whatabouttheroleofsocialmedia?Itisoftenblamedfordamagingyoungpeople.Evenexpertssupportbanningsmartphonesinschools.(社交媒体带来了什么影响？它常被指责对青少年造成伤害。甚至专家也支持在校内禁用智能手机。)”和下文“Somestudies,however,findthattechnologymaybehelpingkidsconnectwithothers,findsupport,andlearnaboutworldissues.(不过，一些研究发现科技或许能帮助孩子与人建立联系、获得支持，并了解世界大事。)”可知，上文承认社交媒体的弊端，下文再用however转折引出它的积极作用，形成“先抑后扬”的逻辑。D选项“毫无疑问社交媒体确实存在风险。”‌符合语境。【20题详解】根据上文“Onereasonisthatourmindsarebuilttonoticethreats.…Cognitive(认知的)biasesalsomakepeoplerememberthepastasbetterthanitactuallywas.(其中一个原因是，人类大脑天生就会留意危险信号。……认知偏见也会让人们美化记忆中的过去，认为往昔比实际情况更好。)”和下文“Today’syoungpeopleare,onthewhole,doingquitewell.(总体来看，当代年轻人的状态相当不错。)”可知，上文分析了人们对年轻人保留负面印象的两大认知层面原因，下文总结当代年轻人整体表现很不错，‌G选项“无论原因是什么，这种负面看法几乎都与现实不符。”‌收束前文的原因分析，呼应全文核心观点。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ErlingHaalandwaswalkingslowly,headdown,aroundthefieldagainstBrazil.ItwasthebiggestmatchinNorwegianfootballhistory,buthewastryingtolook____21____,likeatiredgiantwaitingforabus.Whenateammateadvanceddownthewing,hestartedaslowjog.Thecross(传中球)camein,andinasuddenburstof____22____andfinesse(技巧),Norway’sfirstgreatfootballerspedin,jumpedandheadeditintothenet.Histwogoals____23____Brazil,grantingNorwaytheirfirsteverWorldCupquarter-final.ThankstoHaaland,tinyNorwayhasa(n)____24____tobecomeworldchampions.HaalandwasborninEngland.Hissporting____25____isimpressive.Hisfatherwasaprofessionalfootballerandhismotherwasachampionathlete.Normal-sizeduntilhislateteens,Haalandthen____26____to1.93metersand88kg.Heisfasterthanagiantshould____27____be.Heisanaturalwhoalsoworksnon-stop.“Ithinkaboutfootballallthetime,”hehassaid.Hereadsscientificarticlesto____28____hissleepanddiet,andmeditates(冥想)toclearnegativethoughts.Hisscoring____29____maybeunique.With62goalsin54internationals,heisaveragingtwiceasmanygoalspergameasanyotherNorwayplayer.Butthissuperstarremains____30____.Haalandhasalwaystreatedothersas____31____.Heisalwayshuggingsupporters.Whenhelefthisformerclub,hegavespeciallymadewatchesto20staffmembers.Otherplayersthrewusedtrainingtops(上衣)ontheground,butHaaland____32____hisclothesneatlyandhandedthemtothestaff.Healsoknowsopponentswillbuildtheirentiregameplanaround____33____him.“Hestudiesthem,hewaits,heunderstandsexactlywhenadefenderloses____34____.Then,inonesecond,heisgone,”observedacoach.“Footballisdecidedbymoments,andheisthebestintheworldat____35____thosemoments.”21.A.cheerful B.uninterested C.proud D.nervous22.A.power B.laughter C.cry D.applause23.A.helped B.annoyed C.defeated D.guided24.A.choice B.chance C.burden D.excuse25.A.training B.hobby C.history D.background26.A.shotup B.addedup C.piledup D.jumpedup27.A.temporarily B.normally C.accidentally D.gradually28.A.reduce B.monitor C.perfect D.compare29.A.position B.habit C.ability D.intention30.A.ambitious B.humorous C.ordinary D.humble31.A.competitors B.fans C.equals D.heroes32.A.packed B.folded C.designed D.dressed33.A.stopping B.ignoring C.praising D.protecting34.A.concentration B.balance C.confidence D.strength35.A.sharing B.missing C.creating D.recognizing【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.C32.B33.A34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了挪威足球巨星哈兰德在世界杯上击败巴西、带领挪威首次晋级八强的精彩表现，以及他谦逊的品格和超强的进球能力。【21题详解】考查形容词。句意：这是挪威足球史上最重要的比赛，但他却努力表现得若无其事，像一个疲惫的巨人在等公交车。A.cheerful愉快的；B.uninterested漠不关心的；C.proud骄傲的；D.nervous紧张的。根据下文“likeatiredgiantwaitingforabus”可知，哈兰德故意表现得漠不关心，以掩饰自己的紧张或专注。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：传中球进来，在突然爆发的力量和技巧中，挪威第一位伟大的足球运动员冲了进来，跳起头球入网。A.power力量；B.laughter笑声；C.cry呼喊；D.applause掌声。根据下文“spedin,jumpedandheadeditintothenet”可知，哈兰德头球破门需要力量与精准判断的结合。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：他的两个进球击败了巴西，使挪威首次进入世界杯八强。A.helped帮助；B.annoyed惹恼；C.defeated击败；D.guided引导。根据下文“grantingNorwaytheirfirsteverWorldCupquarter-final”可知，哈兰德的进球击败了巴西队。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：多亏了哈兰德，小小的挪威有了成为世界冠军的机会。A.choice选择；B.chance机会；C.burden负担；D.excuse借口。根据上文“grantingNorwaytheirfirsteverWorldCupquarter-final”可知，进入八强让挪威有了夺冠的机会。【25题详解】考查名词。句意：他的运动背景令人印象深刻。A.training训练；B.hobby爱好；C.history历史；D.background背景。根据下文“Hisfatherwasaprofessionalfootballerandhismotherwasachampionathlete.”可知，这是在介绍哈兰德的家庭背景。【26题详解】考查动词短语。句意：直到青少年晚期，哈兰德的身材都很普通，然后他突然长到了1.93米、88公斤。A.shotup迅速长高；B.addedup加起来；C.piledup堆积；D.jumpedup跳起。根据上文“Normal-sizeduntilhislateteens”及下文“to1.93metersand88kg”可知，哈兰德迅速长高。【27题详解】考查副词。句意：他比巨人正常应有的速度更快。A.temporarily暂时地；B.normally正常地；C.accidentally意外地；D.gradually逐渐地。根据上文“Heisfasterthanagiantshould”可知，此处指比巨人正常情况下的速度更快。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：他阅读科学文章来完善自己的睡眠和饮食，并冥想以清除负面想法。A.reduce减少；B.monitor监控；C.perfect完善；D.compare比较。根据上文“Hereadsscientificarticles”及下文“hissleepanddiet”可知，哈兰德通过科学文章来完善自己的作息和饮食。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：他的进球能力可能是独一无二的。A.position位置；B.habit习惯；C.ability能力；D.intention意图。根据下文“With62goalsin54internationals,heisaveragingtwiceasmanygoalspergameasanyotherNorwayplayer.”可知，这是在描述哈兰德的进球能力。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：但这位超级巨星依然谦逊。A.ambitious有野心的；B.humorous幽默的；C.ordinary普通的；D.humble谦逊的。根据下文“Haalandhasalwaystreatedothersas________.Heisalwayshuggingsupporters.”可知，哈兰德非常谦逊。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：哈兰德总是平等对待他人。A.competitors竞争者；B.fans粉丝；C.equals平等的人；D.heroes英雄。根据上文“Butthissuperstarremains________.”可知，谦逊的人会将他人视为平等的人。【32题详解】考查动词。句意：其他