大学英语四级模拟试卷283

大学英语四级模拟试卷283

一、作文（本题共/题，每题上。分，共1分。）

1、Forthispart,youarcallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononMyApproachto

PersonalSuccess.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.Theimportanceofthepersonalcompetenceandsuccessinlife.2.Myexperienceon

mywaytosuccess.3.Myopiniononhowtopromotepersonalsuccess.

标准答案：MyApproachtoPersonalSuccessItisgenerallyacknowledgedthata

successfulpersonshouldmakegreatercontributionstosocialprogressandthewell-being

ofothers.However,asuccessfulpersonalsomeanhispersonalhappinessinreturn,at

least,inmostcases.ThoughIaminexperiencedinfightingforfutureasayoungman,I

knowImustfirstofallstudyandworkhard.Workinghardmeansovercoming

difficultiesandlearningtobemorecreativeandoriginalinachievingwhattheothers

can'torfailto.Isodoing,Ithink,firstofall,weshouldhaveadefinitegoalinlife.

Secondly,wemustalwayscheckourplansworksteadfasttowardsthegoalThirdly,

accumulateknowledgeandskillstomakeourselvescompetentinourworkingposts.

And,thelastofall,is（ohaveateamworkspiritingettingalongwithourcolleagues,

whichsurelythekeytoourfuturesuccessinlife.

知识点解析：哲无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题分，共70

分。）

BirdFlu:CommunicatingtheRiskTherecommendationslistedbelowaregroundedin

（woconviclions（信念）：thatmotivatingpeopletostarttakingbirdfluseriouslyshouldbe

atoppriorityforgovernmenthealthdepartments,andthatriskcommunicationprinciples

piovidethebestguidanceonhowtodoso.Stallwlieieyouiaudienceslails.Telling

peoplewhobelieveX（hattheyoughttobelieveYnaturallyprovokesresistance.You

can'tignoreXandjustsayYY-Y-Y-Y.Youcan'tsimplytellpeoplethey'rewrong.

You'vegottostartwheretheyare,withX,andempathicallyexplainwhyXseems

logical,whyit'swidelybelieved,whyyouusedtobelieveittoo..,andwhy,surprisingly,

Yturnsouttobeclosertothetruth.Thebiggestbarriertosoundingthealarmaboutbird

fluisthatit'sfluusuallyseenasaho-hum（漠不关心的）disease.Itwouldhelpifpeople

stoppedcallingeveryminorrespiratoryinfection"atouchof（heflu"but（hat'snotgoing

tohappen.Empathyistheonlyanswer.Insteadofignoringthsfactthatpeoplethinkflu

isminor,orberatingpeopleforthinkingthatfluisminor,acknowledgethatevensome

pub{ichealthauthoritiesusetheterm"flu"inwaysthatminimizeitsseriousness.After

makingcommoncausewiththepublic—"wchaveallignoredinfluenzafortoolong*1—talk

abouthowhorriHcthenextflupandemic（流行病）maybecomparedwiththeannualilu.

Donibeafraidtofrightenpeople.Formostoftheworldrightnow,(hough,apalhy(漠不

关心)istheproblem-notdenial.Wecan'tscarepeopleenoughaboutHSN1.WHOhas

beentryingforoverayear,withevcrmorcdramaticappealstothemedia,thepublic,and

MemberStates.Untilapandemicbegins,there'slittlechancewe'llscarepeopletoo

much.Researchevidencewon'tprotectyoufromcriticism,ofcourse.Fearappealsoften

provokeangrypushbackfrompeoplequestioningyourmotivesoryourcompetence,

accusingyouof"cryingwolforprovoking"warningfatigue'orpanicking(hepublic.

ThathappenedafterWHOWesternPacificRegionalDirectorShigeruOmisaidthat,ina

worstcase,abirdilupandemiccouldkillup(o100millionpeople(awell-justified

estimate).Ofcourse,thereisagenuinedownsidetoissuingwarningsthatturnouttobe

unnecessary.Althoughpanicisunlikelyandwarningfatigueistemporary,thereissome

credibilityloss,especiallyifthewarningswereexaggeratedoroverconfident.But

considerthealternative.Whichisworse,beingcriticizedfor"unduly"frighteningpeople

orbeingcriticizedforfailingtowarnpeople?Acknowledgeuncertainty.Whenthefirst

Thaibirdfluoutbreakssubsided(平息)in2004,aseniorpublicofficialsaid:"Thefirst

waveofbirdfluoutbreakhaspassed..,butwedon'tknowwhenthesecondwavewill

come,andwedon'ttrustthesituation...SothePublicHealthMinistryisbeingascareful

aspossible."Thisexemplifiestworiskcommunicationprinciples:acknowledge

uncertaintyanddon'toverreassure.DuringMalaysia'sfirstoutbreak,testswerepending

regardingwhatstrainoffluwaskillingthechickens.SeniorveterinaiyofficialHawari

Husseinsaid,"WcknowitisHS,butwe'rehopingitwon'tbeH5N1."Thisverybrief

commentnotonlyacknowledgesuncertainty;italsoexpresseswishes,anothergood

crisisuoiiiinuiiiualionpractice.EveryonesharedHussein'shope,butfearedtheworsl.

Overconfidentoverreassurancc("thesituationisundercontrol,everythingisgoingtohe

fine")isterribleriskcommunication.Paradoxically,peopleusuallyfinditalarming.They

senseitsinsincerityandbecomemistrustfulevenbeforetheyknowtheoutcome.But

overconfidentwarningsarealsounwise.Thereissomuchwedon'tknowaboutH5N1.

Howmanypeoplewillitinfect?Howquicklywilli(spread?Howlongwillitlast?How

longwillittakeforaneffectivevaccinetobeavailable?Whichcountriesandwhich

peopleinthosecountrieswillgetthevaccinefirst?Howwellwillhealthcaresystems

cope?Howwellwillnationalandinternationaleconomiescope?Andhowwellwillcivil

societycope?Birdfluexpertsandriskcommunicatorscannotanswerthesequestions.

Butwecanandshouldraisethem,acknowledgingouruncertaintyateveryturn.Share

dilemmas.Sharingdilemmasisalotlikeacknowledginguncertainty.Notonlyarewe

unsureaboutwhatwillhappen;we'realsounsureaboutwhatrodo.Everyonefindsthis

hardtoadmit.Butdilemmasharinghashugeadvantages:Ithumanizestheorganization

bylettingthepainofdifficultdecisionsshow.Itgivespeopleachancetomake

suggestionsandbepartoftheprocess.Itmoderatestheconflictbetweenopposing

recommendations.Itreducestheoutrageifyouturnouttobewrong.Dilemma-sharing

docsraisesomeanxietyatfirst,hutitallieswiththepublic'sresourceful,matureside.

Thisleadstobetterbuy-inandbettercopingdowntheroad.Themostimportantbirdflu

dilemmaatthemomentisstockpiling(储备).IfwestockpileH5antigen(抗原)oran

H5N1vaccine(onceitexists),thatmaysavemillionsoflivesifapandemicmaterializes.

Butavaccineisnomagicsolation.Wcprobablycan'tmakeanddistributeenough

vaccineformostoftheworld.Andwhatifthereisnopandemic?Orwhatifthevirus

mutates(突变)ordriftsalot,andthevaccineprovesminimallyuseful?Isthisreallya

gooduseofscarcehealthdollars,especiallyindevelopingcountries?Maybeweshould

stockpileantiviraldrugs.Butthey'reexpensive,andwhoknowshowwelltheywillwork

againsttheactualpandemicstrainthatarises?Theworstresponsetothestockpiling

dilemmaisalsothemosttempting:Stockpileonlyalittlevaccineandsomeantiviralsand

implythatyouhaveenough.Someofficialsarealreadyengaginginthiskindofover

reassurance.Theriskcommunicationanswer:Sharethedilemmaandletthepublichelp

youdecide.Givepeoplethingstodo.Onereasonsometimesgivenfornotalarmingthe

publicis(hat(here'snothingforpeopletodoanyway.AJan.13,2005WallStreet

JournalarticlequotedCanadianinfectiousdiseaseexpertRichardSchabasassaying:

"Scaringpeopleaboutavianinfluenzaaccomplishesnothing,becausewe'renotasking

people(odoanythingaboutit."Buttheerrorisn'tscaringpeople.Theerrorisfailing(o

realizeandsayhowmuchtheycandotoprepare.Helpingresolvegovernmentpolicy

dilemmasisjustthebeginning.Thailand,forexample,hastrainedalmostamillion

volunteerstoreachouttoeveryvillageinthecountrytoinfomipeopleabouttherisks

andsignsofbirdfluandhowtotrytoprotectthemselvesandtheirflocks.Many

companies,hospitals,schools,andlocalgovernmentsaroundtheworldarestartingto

planfor"businesscontinuity"intheeventofapandemic.Evencognitiveandemotional

rehearsallearningaboutHSN1andthinkingaboutwhatapandemicmightbelikeand

howyou'dcopeisakindofpreparednessandakindofinvolvement.TheWHOoutbreak

guidelinessay,"ifpossible,representativesofthepublicshouldbebroughtintothe

decision-makingprocess...Riskcommunicationmessagesshouldincludeinformation

aboutwhatthepubliccandolomakethemselvessafer.

2、Thispassagemainlygivesgovernmenthealthdepartmentssomeadviceonhowthey

shouldcommunicatetheriskofbirdflu.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：纵观全文可以得知，这篇文章主要是向政府卫生部门建议应该如何向

公众传达禽流感的危险信息。故答案为Yes。

3、Thebiggestbarriertosoundingthealarmaboutbirdfluisthatpeopleusuallytakeflu

seriously.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章在“Startwhereyouraudiencestarts."一，段中指出“Thebiggest

barriertosoundingthealarmaboutbirdfluisthatit'sfluusuallyseenasahohum

disease”：“让公众警惕禽流感的最大障碍是他们往往把感冒不当回事”。故答案为

No.

4、WHOWesternPacificRegionalDirectorShigeruOmisaidthatabirdflupandemic

hadkilledalolufAsituipeople.

A、Y

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章在“Sharedilemmas.”一段中指llT'Dilemma-sharingdoesraise

someanxietyatfirst,butitallieswiththepublic'sresourceful,matureside"：“与公

众分忧起先的确会带来一些焦虑，但也能充分调动大众的智慧”。故答案为Yes。

9、TheerrorofwhatRichardSchabassaidisfailingtorealizeandsayhowmuchthey

cando.

标准答案：toprepare.

知识点解析：文章在“Givepeoplethingstodo,"一段中说道：“Theerrorisfailingto

realizeandsayhowmuchtheycandotoprepare."从而得出答案为：toprepareo

10^Helpingresolvegovernmentpolicydilemmasis.

标准答案：justthebeginning.

知识点解析：文章在“Givepeoplethingstodo”一段中说道：“Helpingresolve

governmentpolicydilemmasisjustthebeginning."从而得出答案为:justthe

beginningo

11、Riskcommunicationmessagesshouldincludeinformationaboutwhatthepubliccan

doto.

标准答案：makeIhemsehessafer.

知识点解析：文章在“Givepeoplethingstodo.”一段中说道：“Riskcommunication

messagesshouldincludeinformationaboutwhatthepubliccando(omake(hemselves

safer.“从而得出答案为：makethemselvessafer。

三、听力短对话(本题共8题，每题上0分，共8分。)

12、

A、Sheisnotinterestedinthearticle.

B、Shehasgiventhemanmuchtrouble.

C、Shewouldliketohaveacopyofthearticle.

D、Shedoesn'twanttoreadthearticle.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、

A、HesawCNTowerhevisitedonTV.

B、HehasvisitedCNTowertwice.

C、HehasvisitedCNToweronce.

D^HewillvisittheCNTowerinJune.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、

A^Thewomanhastroublegettingalongwiththeprofessor.

B、Thewomanregretshavingtakenupmuchoftheprofessor'stime.

C、Thewomanknowstheprofessorhasbeenbusy.

D、Thewomanknowstheprofessorhasrunintotrouble.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、

A^Hedoesn'tenjoybusinesstripsasmuchasheusedto.

B、Hedoesn'tthinkheiscapableofdoingthejob.

C^Hethinksthepayistoolowtosupporthisfamily.

D、Hewantstospendmoretimewithhisfamily.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

16、

A、Themanthoughtthepaperwaseasy.

B、Theybothhadahardtimewritingthepaper.

C、Thewomanthoughtthepaperwaseasy.

D、Neitherofthemhasfinishedtheassignmentyet.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、

A、Inthepark.

B、Betweentwobuildings.

C、Inhisapartment.

D、Underahugetree.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、

A^It'sawfullyboring.

B、It'sreallyexciting.

C、It'sveryexhausting.

D、It^quitechallenging.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、

A、Amovie.

B、Alecture.

C、Aplay.

D、Aspeech.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、1（isexciting.

B、Itiscrazy.

C、Itisviolent.

D、Itishard.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Theplayersusearoundballinthegame.

B、Theplayerscannotpasstheballwiththeirhands.

C、Thegameisarugbygame.

D、Theplayersuseanellipticballinthegame.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、BothprefersoccertoAmericanfootball.

B、BothpreferAmericanfootballtosoccer.

C、BelindadisagreeswithMartin.

D、Itisnotclearfromtheconversation.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A^She'sinameeting.

B、She'soutoftheoffice.

C、She'stalkingwithanothercustomer.

D^She'sspendingherholiday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、

A^Alistofsoftwareproduces.

B、Apictureofthenewestcomputers.

C、Anintroductionabouttheproducts.

D、Informationonafter-salesservice.

标准答案：D

知识点解析；暂无解析

25、

A、2:30pm.

B、3:30pm.

C、4:30pm.

D、5:00pm.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A、560-1288.

B、560-1828.

C、560-2187.

D、560-1287.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

27、

A、Becausebothhavealimitedsupplyofair,water,andotherresources.

B、BecausetheEarthmovesaroundthesunasfastasaspaceship.

C^Becausewecantraveltoouterspace.

D^BecausetheEarthneverstopsmoving.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、About80milespersecond.

B、About70milespersecond.

C、About18milespersecond.

D、About17milespersecond.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A^BecausetheEarthisheavilypolluted.

B、Becausenaturecannotrecycleitsresources.

C、BecausetherearemoreandmorepeoplelivingontheEarth.

D^Becausenomorenewresourcescanbeadded.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Naturehaschangedourenvironmentovertheyears.

B、Wemustavoidwastingresourcesandpollutingourenvironment.

C、Ourresourcesarenearlyusedup.

D^Tripstootherplanetswillhelpeliminatepollution.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Educationistooimportanttotakeseriously.Whenpeopletakeanythingtooseriously,

theyputonblinders,whichcausethemtomisstheimportant[Bl]ofwhatis

goingonaroundthem.Theydevelop"tunnelvision,'whichlimitsand[B2]their

perceptionof[B3].Educationistooimportanttobelimitedbythosewhohave

[B4]towearblindersanddeveloptunnelvision.Ibelievetheaccountability

movementhas[B5]manyeducatorstotakeeducationtooseriously.Whenwe

takeeducationtooseriously,weput[B6]testsscoresabovechildren,weput

lessonplansaboveteachers,andweputonourblinders,onlytoseea[B7]

smallsegmentofthechild-thatsegmentthatcanbe[B8]easilyrather

thanlookingatthechildasawhole.[B9].Howcanwetakeoffourblinders?

Howcanweeliminatetunnelvisiontoseethewholechild?Howcanwenottake

everythingsoseriously?Myrecommendationissimplytolaugh,teachandlaugh.

Psychologistshavelongbelievedthatnegativemotionscausenegativechemicalchanges

inthebody.Weknowtheoppositeisalsotrue.[BIO]Laughteractuallyrelaxes

themuscles,allowstheheartbeat,andlowersbloodpressure.Laughterstirstheinsideand

getstheendocrinesystemmoving,whichcanbequitebeneficialinalleviatingdisease.

[Bll].

31、[Bl]

标准答案：aspecls

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、[B2]

标准答案：distorts

知识点解析：暂无解析

33、[B3]

标准答案：reality

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、[B4]

标准答案：chosen

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、[B5]

标准答案：encouraged

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、[B6]

标准答案：standardized

知识点解析：暂无解析

37、[B7]

标准答案：rather

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B8]

标准答案：measured

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B9]

标准答案：Bylookingatthewholestudent,wecangetasenseofwhetherthatstudent

enjoyslearning,isfunctioningwellwithothers,andfedsgoodabouthimself.

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[BIO]

标准答案：Wcknowthatapersonwithgoodsenseofhumorhasbetterhealing

qualities.

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[Bl1]

标准答案：Laughteralsorelievesboredom,tension,guilt,depression,headachesand

backaches.

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、阅读(选词填空)(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共

70分。)

AninterestingfeatureofeducationintheUnitedStatesisthecommunitycollege.

CommunitycollegesthatareLSI]offersomewhatdifferenteducational

opportunitiesthanthoseofferedbyaseniorcollegeorauniversity.First,[S2]

requirementsatpubliccommunitycollegesareusuallymuchmorelenientthan

(hoseatafour-yearcollegeoruniversity.It'susuallyenoughtohavegraduatedfroman

Americanhighschooltobeadmitted.Second,itisalsocheaperto[S3]a

communitycollege.The[S4]andfeesareusuallyquiteabitlower.Students

oftenliveathomebecausethistypeofschooldoesnothave[S5].Forthese

tworeasons,manypeoplewhoareunablelogotoafour-yearcollegeoruniversitycan

haveanopportunitytotakeclassforcollege[S6].Finally,communitycolleges

offertwo-yearprogramsthatcan[S7]anAssociateofArtsdegree.Manyof

theseprograms,butnotallofthem,arevocationalinnature.[S8],people

attendcommunitycollegesformanydifferentpurposes.Somepeoplemaybetakingonly

acourseortwoinsomefieldthatparticularly[S9]themandmaynotbe

planningongettingadegree.Otherpeoplemaybegoingtofull-timecommunitycollege

andplanningto[S10]afour-yearcollegeoruniversityuponsuccessful

completionoftwoyearsatacommunitycollege.A)publiclysupportedB)occursC)

admissionsD)creditE)tuitionF)attendG)well-beingH)separatedI)leadtoJ)

dormitoriesK)transfertoL)correspondenceM)InconclusionN)InterestsO)Onthe

basisof

42、[SI]

标准答案:A

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[S2]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[S3]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[S4]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[S5]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[S6]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

48、[S7]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：暂无解析

49、[S8]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：暂无解析

50、[S9]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：暂无解析

51、[S10]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共7。题，每题7.0

分,共10分。）

Itbadbeenapleasantlywanr.daywithoutmuchwind,andwithenoughcloudtoprevent

theheatofthesunbecomingtoogreat.Charlesbadspentalongtimestudyingthelevel

ofthewaterintheboat,andhaddiscoveredthat,hyevening,ithadfallenveryslightly.

This,itwouldseem,mustmeanthattheboatwasnottakinginwater,whichwas

fortunate,becauseanyattempttoemptyitoutsuggestedgreatereffortthanhefeltequal

to.Oneotherimmediateproblemhadheldhiswanderingthoughtsfbrafewmomentsat

longintervals.ThiswastheproblemofHarcourt.Thethingtodo,Charlesrealized,was

（oputpoorHarcourtin（hesea.Itshouldbeasimplematterandtakenomorethanafew

seconds.Charlesarrangedinhismindexactlyhowitcouldmosteasilybedone,buthis

bodydidnotreacttothesuggestionsofhismind.Charles（oklhimselfthatitwashis

handsthatwerethetrouble.Itwasbetter,really,nottofindouthowbadlytheywere

burned.Therewasnothingtobedoneaboutthemexceptnotusethem.Butthen,

suddenly,almostwithoutknowinghowhedidit,Charlesmoved,stoodup,bentoverthe

bodyofpoorHarcourt,lifteditandletitslipasgentlyaspossibleintothesea.

Afterwardshestoodinthesiem(月廿尾)oftheboatforalongtime,watchingthecolorof

(heseadeepenandtheskybecomeincreasinglyfartheroffwiththecomingofnight.Ina

curiouswayhefeltstrangelyhappy.Theproblemofhisrescuehadnotyetbegunto

(roublehim.Aftera(imeChalies'returninginterestinlivingshoweditselfin(hesimple

formofhunger.Withsomedifficultyowingtothewaterinthsboat,heexploredits

storesandfoundfoodandwaterinair-tighttins.Healsofoundaneatpackagewrapped

ingreenoiledsilk.Heunwrappeditandfoundmaps.Neat,beautifullydesignedand

printed,spotlesslynew,theylayacrosshiskneesandhewasnolongeraloneinaworld

ofwater.Atthatmomentthesecleanofficialmaps,correctineverydetail,wereas

comfortingasthesoundofahumanvoice,ascheeringasacanocdarkness.

52>Intheeveningthewaterintheboatwas.

A、higherthanitwasinthemorning

B、alittlelessthanitwasinthemorning

C、levelwithwhatithadbeenin(hemorning

D、deeperthanithadbeenwhenhestudiedit

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此题为细节题。从文章第二句和第三句得知ithadfallenveryslightly

中的it指levelofwater,因为文章说theboatwasnottakinginwater,那么，船内的

水由于从早到晚一天的蒸发就会变得少一些。所以船内的水是少一点，答案是B

而不是其他。

53、CliaileswasworriedaboutHaicouil'sbodybecause.

Asitwasunwisetokeepitintheboat

B、hethoughtitwastooheavy

C^hecouldn'tbeartogetridofit

D、hedidn'tknowwhattodowithit

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题为推断题。在Charles的手受伤，船里进了许多水，飘行于海上

的情况下留住Harcourt的尸体是不明智的，因此他便对Harcourt的尸体“发愁”。B

项不对，扔掉尸体并不因尸体是重或轻而决定；C他不扔掉Harcourl；D他不知道

该怎样处理Harcourt,均不合题意，故选A。

54Charlesthoughthishands.

A^wouldnotpreventhimfromliftingthebody

B、wouldcarryouthisplan

C、weremorebadlyburntthanhehadthought

D、mightbetoobadlyburnttouse

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题为推断题。从文章第一段最后两个句子可以看出答案。文章第一

段结尾说：执行他的计划主要麻烦是他的手。最好别弄清楚手烧伤的有多厉害，最

好别使用受伤的手；第二段首却说他用手显然说明他以为手伤得太厉害而不能用，

但实际上不是如此。

55、ThefirstsignofCharles'reneweddesiretolivewasthathe.

A^startedtolookforfoodandwater

B、wasabletoexploretheboat

C、foundheneededtomoveabout

D、begantofeettheneedforfood

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题为细节题。“恢复求生欲望的第一标志”是“对食物的需求”。第三

段第一句中说Charles求生的欲望回来了，因为他很饿。

56、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A^Thedaywasnottoohotbecausecloudsreducedtheheatofthesun.

B、Hejudgedtheboatwasinnoimmediatedangerofsinking.

C、Thefindingsofthemapscheeredhimbecausehecouldseeatoncewherehewas.

D、Charlesgotridofthebocybyraisingitandallowingittoslideintothesea.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此题为细节题，短文结束时Charles找到了一些地图，地图描绘得很

精确，看着地图他似乎听到了人的声音，他不再感到寂寞。但是这并不意味着他知

道了自己所处的方位。因此，正确答案是C。

Theideaofbuilding"NewTowns"toabsorbgrowthisfrequentlyconsideredacure一all

forurbanproblems.Itiswronglyassumedthatifnewresidentscanbedivertedfrom

existingcenters,thepresenturbansituationatleastwillgetnoworse.Itisfurtherand

equallywronglyassumedthatsinceEuropeanNewTownshavebeenfinanciallyand

sociallysuccessful,wecanexpectthesamesortsofresultsintheUnitedStates.Present

planning,thinking,andlegislationwillnotproducethekindsofNewTownthathave

beensuccessfulabroad.Itwillmultiplysuburbsorencouragedevelopmentsinareas

wherelandischeapandconstructionprofitableratherthanwhereNewTownsarc

genuinelyneeded.Suchill-consideredprojectsnotonlywillfalltorelievepressureson

existingcitiesbutwill,infact,tendtoweakenthosecitiesfunherbydrawingawayhigh-

incomecitizensandincreasingtheconcentrationoflowincomegroupsthatareunableto

providetaxincome.Theremainingtaxpayers,accordingly,willfaceincreasingburdens,

andindustryandcommercewillseekescape.Unfortunately,thismechanismisalreadyat

workinsomemetropolitanareas.ThepromotersofNewTownssofarintheUnited

Staleshavebeendevelopers,builders,andHnancialinstitutions.Themaininterestof

thesepromotersiseconomicgain.Furthermore,federalregulationsdesigned（opromote

theNewTownideadonotconsidersocialneedsastheEuropeanNewTownplansdo.In

fact,ourregulationsspecifyvirtuallyalltheingredientsofthetypicalsuburban

community,withabitofpoli:icalrhetoric（修辞）thrownin.AworkableAmericanNew

TownformulashouldbeestablishedasfirmlyhereasthenationalformulawasinBritain.

Allpossiblesocialandgovernmentalinnovationsaswellasfinancialfactorsshouldbe

thoroughlyconsideredandaccommodated（容纳）inthispolicy.Itsobjectivesshouldbe

clearlystated,andbothincentivesandpenaltiesshouldbeprovidedtoensurethatthe

objectivesarepursued.Ifsuchapolicyisdeveloped,thentheNewTownapproachcan

playanimportantroleinalleviatingAmerica'surbanproblems.

57、Thewriterthinksthattheideaofbuilding"NewTown"intheU.S..

A^willhelptosolvethepresenturbansituation

B、willproducethesamesortsofresultsasdoesinEurope

C、willbynomeansalleviatetheurbanproblems

D、willpreventthepresenturbansituationfromgettingworse

标准答案：C''

知识点解析：此题为细节题。作者在第一段就指出，人们错误地认为如果新居民能

从现在的市中心搬出去，至少目前城市的状况不会再恶化。在第三段中指出，这些

考虑不周的项目不但不会减轻目前城市的压力，而且事实上会使城市更糟。由此可

以得知，C“决不会减轻城市的问题”应为正确答案O

58、Whichofthefollowingisnotasideeffectcausedbybuildingnewtowns?

A、Industryandcommercev/ill.moveawayfrommetropolitanarea.

B、Thepresentcities,taxincomewillbereducedbecausehighincomecitizenswill

movetonewtowns.

C^Low-incomefamilieswillhavebetterhousingconditions.

D、Theremainingcitizensinthepresentcitieswillbefacedwithheaviertaxburdens.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此题为是非题。文章第三段阐述了建造NewTowns的种种弊端，

A、B、D都在其中，C项“低收入家庭将有更好的住房条件”与原句意思不同，因

此应选Co

59、According(o(hewriter,(headvocatorsofNewTownsintheU.S..

A、mainlyhaveprofitinmind

B、attachimportancetosocialneeds

C、hopetorelievepressuresonexistingcities

D、intendtofollowtheEuropeanexample

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此题为细节题。作者在第四段指出，美国NewTowns的倡议者们至

今都是那些开发商、建筑商以及金融机构，他们的主要兴趣在于经济利益。选项

A“头脑中想的是利润”与句意相符，是正确答案。

60、Thesuccessof(heNewTownapproachliesin(hefact(hat.

A、penaltieswillbegiventothosewhoareonlyinterestedineconomicgain

B、apolicywithclearobjectiveswillbedeveloped

C、promotersofNewTownswillbeencouraged

D、governmentalinnovationsandfinancialfactorswillbethoroughlyconsidered

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此题为细节题“根据文章最后两句，在一个可行的美国新城镇规划

中，应该明确阐明其目标，同时提供鼓励和惩罚手段来保证目标的实现。如果制定

了这样的政策，那么新城镇方案在减轻美国的城市问题方面就能起重要的作用，由

此可以判断，B为正确答案。

61、Thewriter'saltitudecowardthepresentideaofbuilding"NewTowns",is.

A^objective

B、indifferent

C、enthusiastic

D、critical

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此题为作者态度题。作者在对目前建造新城镇的看法进行评论时，用

「非常明确的措词如ill-considered,wrongly等来表明自己的态度。因此D最为合

适。

十、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Forthepasttwoyears,Ihavebeenworkingonstudents'evaluationofclassroom

teaching.Ihavekeptarecordofinformalconversations[Cl]some300students

fromat[C2]twenty-onecollegesanduniversities.Thestudentsweregenerally

[C3]anddirectintheircomments[C4]howcourseworkcouldbe

better[C5].Mostoftheirremarkswerekindly[C6]—withtolerance

ratherthanbitterness—andfrequentlyweresoftenedbythe[C7]thatthe

studentswerespeaking[C8]some,notall,instructors.Nevertheless,[C9]

thefollowingsuggestionsandcommentsindicate,studentsfeel[CIO]

withthingsastheyareintheclassroom.Professorsshouldbe[Cl1]

fromreadinglecturenotes."Itmakestheir[C12]monotonous（单调

的）Iftheyaregoingtoread,whynot[C13]outcopiesofthelecture?Then

we[C14]needtogotoclass.Professorsshould[C15]repeatingin

lecturesmaterialthatisinthetextbook."[C16]we'veread（hematerial,wewant

to[C17]itorhearitelaboratedon,[C18]repeated