2025-2026年江苏省部编版高二英语第7单元语法测试卷

2025-2026年江苏省部编版高二英语第7单元语法测试卷1.Thenewpolicyaimstoreducethenumberofvehiclesenteringthecitycenter,whichwillsignificantlyimprovetheairquality.Theunderlinedpartfunctionsasa(n)______.A.relativeclausemodifying"policy"B.non-restrictiveclauseprovidingadditionalinformationC.mainclausewithaninfinitivephraseasitssubjectD.adverbialclauseindicatingpurpose解析：题干中的句子结构为"Thenewpolicyaimstoreduce...,whichwillsignificantlyimprove..."，其中"which"引导一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明"policy"的具体内容，且与主句之间用逗号隔开，符合非限制性定语从句的语法特征。选项A错误，因为"which"修饰的是整个主句而非"policy"；选项C错误，因为"toreduce"是动词不定式作目的状语，不是主句；选项D错误，因为"which"引导的是定语从句而非状语从句。正确答案为B。2.Ifyouhadstudiedharderlastsemester,you______theexamlasttime.A.wouldpassB.wouldhavepassedC.wouldpassD.wouldhavepassed解析：题干中的虚拟语气条件句"ifyouhadstudiedharderlastsemester"表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此主句应使用"wouldhave+过去分词"的形式。选项A和C中的"wouldpass"不符合虚拟语气规则；选项D虽然形式正确，但题干未涉及时间状语从句，故"wouldhavepassed"更符合语法要求。正确答案为B。3.Theteachersuggestedthatthestudents______theirhomeworkbeforethemeeting.A.shouldfinishB.finishC.finishedD.wouldfinish解析：题干中的"suggested"要求宾语从句使用虚拟语气，即动词原形或"should+动词原形"。选项A中的"shouldfinish"虽然语法正确，但通常省略"should"；选项C和D错误，因为"suggested"不要求过去时态。正确答案为B。4.Notonly______butalsothestudentsareeagertoparticipateinthedebatecompetition.A.heisinterestedB.isheinterestedC.heinterestedD.areheinterested解析：题干中的"notonly"位于句首时，需要将主句部分倒装，即将助动词或情态动词提到主语前。选项A和C错误，因为缺少助动词；选项D错误，因为"are"与主语"he"不匹配。正确答案为B。5.Thecompanydecidedto______itsoperationstomeetthegrowingdemand.A.expandB.expandingC.toexpandD.expanded解析：题干中的"tomeet"表明句子缺少谓语动词，"decided"后应跟不定式作宾语。选项B和D错误，因为现在分词或过去分词不能单独作宾语；选项C错误，因为"toexpand"作宾语时不需要"to"重复。正确答案为A。6.Despiteallthedifficulties,they______managedtocompletetheprojectontime.A.yetB.stillC.alreadyD.even解析：题干中的"despiteallthedifficulties"表明句子强调尽管困难仍达成的结果，"still"表示"仍然"符合语境。选项A"yet"通常用于否定句或疑问句；选项C"already"表示"已经"，与句意不符；选项D"even"表示"甚至"，不适用于此处。正确答案为B。7.Themanageraskedmewhetherthereport______byFriday.A.wouldbefinishedB.willbefinishedC.shouldbefinishedD.isfinished解析：题干中的"asked"表示过去询问，宾语从句需使用过去将来时态，即"would+动词原形"。选项B和D错误，因为"will"和现在时态不符合"asked"的语境；选项C中的"should"虽然语法正确，但通常省略。正确答案为A。8.Thecommitteeisconsidering______anewmembertotheteam.A.toappointB.appointingC.appointD.tobeappointed解析：题干中的"considering"后应跟动名词作宾语，即"considering+doing"。选项A和D中的"toappoint"或"tobeappointed"不符合动名词用法；选项C错误，因为缺少"ing"形式。正确答案为B。9.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinformative.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom解析：题干中的"thebook"是先行词，"which"和"that"均可引导定语从句修饰"book"，但"that"在口语中更常用且更灵活。选项C和D错误，因为"who"和"whom"用于修饰人。正确答案为B。10.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thespreadofthevirus.A.preventB.preventingC.preventedD.toprevent解析：题干中的"to"表明句子缺少谓语动词，"hastakenmeasures"后应跟不定式作目的状语。选项B和C错误，因为现在分词或过去分词不能单独作状语；选项D错误，因为"toprevent"作状语时不需要"to"重复。正确答案为A。1.IfI______moretime,Iwouldhavefinishedthereportlastnight.2.Thecommitteedecidedto______ameetingtodiscussthenewpolicy.3.Notonly______thestudentsbutalsotheteachers______satisfiedwiththeresults.4.Theteacheraskedthestudentswhetherthey______theirhomeworkbeforetheexam.5.Despiteallthechallenges,they______managedtoachievetheirgoals.6.Thecompanyisconsidering______anewfactoryinthesuburbs.7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinteresting.8.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thepollutioninthecity.9.Theteachersuggestedthatthestudents______theirquestionsbeforethepresentation.10.Thecommitteeisdiscussingwhetherto______anewmembertotheteam.1.Therelativeclause"whichisveryinformative"insentence9isessentialtothemeaningofthesentence.(×)解析：非限制性定语从句"whichisveryinformative"提供额外信息，但删除后主句"thebookisveryinformative"仍然完整，故为非限制性定语从句。2.Insentence5,"despite"canbereplacedwith"although"withoutchangingthemeaning.(×)解析："despite"和"although"均表示转折，但"despite"后常跟名词或名词短语，而"although"后跟从句，此处"despiteallthechallenges"结构正确，若改为"althoughtheyhadallthechallenges"则语法错误。3.Theinfinitivephrase"tomeetthegrowingdemand"insentence5isthesubjectofthesentence.(×)解析：句子主语是"thecompany"，"tomeetthegrowingdemand"是目的状语，说明"decided"的目的。4.Thesentence"ThemanageraskedmewhetherthereportwouldbefinishedbyFriday"isgrammaticallycorrect.(√)解析：宾语从句使用过去将来时态符合"asked"的语境，且"wouldbefinished"结构正确。5.Thephrase"toappointanewmember"insentence8isagerundphrase.(×)解析："toappointanewmember"是不定式短语作宾语，不是动名词短语。6.Thesentence"ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinteresting"iscorrect.(√)解析：定语从句"whichIborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek"修饰"thebook"，且"which"在从句中作宾语，符合语法规则。7.Thesentence"Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventthepollutioninthecity"iscorrect.(√)解析：不定式短语"topreventthepollutioninthecity"作目的状语，说明"hastakenmeasures"的目的，结构正确。8.Thesentence"Theteachersuggestedthatthestudentsshouldfinishtheirquestionsbeforethepresentation"iscorrect.(×)解析："suggested"要求宾语从句使用动词原形，应改为"finish"而非"shouldfinish"。9.Thesentence"Thecommitteeisdiscussingwhethertoappointanewmembertotheteam"iscorrect.(√)解析：不定式短语"toappointanewmembertotheteam"作宾语，说明"discussing"的内容，结构正确。10.Thesentence"Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteachersaresatisfied"iscorrect.(√)解析："notonly"位于句首需倒装，"are"与复数主语"thestudentsandtheteachers"匹配，符合语法规则。1.Explainthedifferencebetweenarestrictiveandanon-restrictiverelativeclause.参考答案：Restrictiverelativeclausesprovideessentialinformationtoidentifythenounbeingmodifiedandarenotseparatedbycommas,e.g.,"ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting."Non-restrictiverelativeclausesprovideadditionalbutnon-essentialinformationandaresetoffbycommas,e.g.,"Thebook,whichIborrowed,isinteresting."解析：简答题需区分两种定语从句的语法特征和功能。限制性定语从句是句子不可分割的一部分，非限制性定语从句则用逗号与主句隔开，可删除而不影响句子基本意义。2.Whyisthesubjunctivemoodusedin"Theteachersuggestedthatthestudentsfinishtheirhomework"?参考答案：Thesubjunctivemoodisusedafterverbslike"suggest,""recommend,""demand"whenexpressingwishesorrecommendationsaboutfutureactions,usingthebaseformoftheverb,e.g.,"finish"insteadof"shouldfinish."解析：简答题需解释特定动词后的虚拟语气用法，说明"finish"作动词原形符合"suggested"后的语法规则。3.Whatisthefunctionof"despite"insentence5?参考答案："Despite"isaprepositionmeaning"inspiteof"or"although,"introducingacontrastbetweenthemainclauseandthenounphrase"allthechallenges,"e.g.,"Despiteallthechallenges,theymanagedtoachievetheirgoals."解析：简答题需解释"despite"的词性和用法，说明其在句中引导让步状语从句的功能。4.Howdoestheinfinitivephrase"toappointanewmember"functioninsentence8?参考答案："Toappointanewmember"isaninfinitivephrasefunctioningastheobjectofthepreposition"to,"indicatingthepurposeof"takingmeasures,"e.g.,"Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventthepollution."解析：简答题需分析不定式短语在句中的语法成分，说明其作目的状语的功能。5.Whyis"which"usedinsteadof"that"insentence9?参考答案："Which"istypicallyusedtomodifyinanimatenounslike"thebook,"while"that"canmodifybothanimateandinanimatenouns.Inthiscase,"which"ismoreappropriatefor"thebook."解析：简答题需解释关系代词的选择，说明"which"在修饰物时的用法。6.Whatisthemeaningof"still"insentence5?参考答案："Still"means"nevertheless"or"nonetheless,"emphasizingthattheachievementofgoalsoccurreddespitethechallenges,e.g.,"Despiteallthechallenges,theystillmanagedtoachievetheirgoals."解析：简答题需解释副词的语义，说明"still"在句中加强语气的作用。7.Howdoesthesubjunctivemoodaffectthesentence"Themanageraskedmewhetherthereportwouldbefinished"?参考答案："Wouldbefinished"isapastsubjunctiveformusedinindirectquestions,indicatingthetimeoftheactionwasinthefuturefromtheperspectiveofthepast,e.g.,"ThemanageraskedmewhetherthereportwouldbefinishedbyFriday."解析：简答题需解释间接疑问句中的虚拟语气用法，说明"would"在"asked"后的语法规则。8.Whatisthepurposeoftheinfinitivephrase"topreventthepollution"insentence8?参考答案："Topreventthepollution"isaninfinitivephrasefunctioningastheobjectofthepreposition"to,"indicatingthepurposeof"takingmeasures,"e.g.,"Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventthepollutioninthecity."解析：简答题需分析不定式短语在句中的语法成分，说明其作目的状语的功能。1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganon-restrictiverelativeclause:"ThebookIborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinteresting."参考答案：Thebook,whichIborrowedfromthelibrarylastweek,isveryinteresting.解析：改写题需将限制性定语从句改为非限制性定语从句，添加逗号并改用"which"引导。2.Changethefollowingsentencetothepassivevoice:"Thecommitteedecidedtoappointanewmembertotheteam."参考答案：Anewmemberwasdecidedtobeappointedtotheteambythecommittee.解析：改写题需将主动语态改为被动语态，调整主语和谓语结构。3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthesubjunctivemood:"Theteachersuggestedthatthestudentsshouldfinishtheirhomeworkbeforethepresentation."参考答案：Theteachersuggestedthatthestudentsfinishtheirhomeworkbeforethepresentation.解析：改写题需将"should+动词原形"改为动词原形，符合"suggested"后的虚拟语气规则。4.Combinethefollowingtwosentencesusingarelativeclause:"Thereportisveryinformative.Ifinisheditlastnight."参考答案：Thereport,whichIfinishedlastnight,isveryinformative.解析：改写题需用定语从句将两个句子合并，选择合适的先行词和关系代词。5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingadifferentpreposition:"Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventthespreadofthevirus."参考答案：Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresagainstthespreadofthevirus.解析：改写题需替换介词，保持句意不变，选择合适的介词"against"。6.Changethefollowingsentencetotheactivevoice:"Anewfactorywasconsideredtobebuiltinthesuburbs."参考答案：Thecompanyconsideredbuildinganewfactoryinthesuburbs.解析：改写题需将被动语态改为主动语态，调整主语和谓语结构。7.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingadifferentconjunction:"Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteachersaresatisfiedwiththeresults."参考答案：Thestudentsaswellastheteachersaresatisfiedwiththeresults.解析：改写题需替换连词，保持句意不变，选择合适的连词"aswellas"。8.Combinethefollowingtwosentencesusinganinfinitivephrase:"Thecompanydecidedtoexpanditsoperations.Itwantedtomeetthegrowingdemand."参考答案：Thecompanydecidedtoexpanditsoperationstomeetthegrowingdemand.解析：改写题需用不定式短语将两个句子合并，说明"expand"的目的。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.B4.B5.A6.B7.A8.B9.B10.A二、填空题1.hadstudied2.hold3.are,are4.hadfinished5.still6.tobuild7.which8.reduce9.ask10.appoint三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.×6.√7.√8.×9.√10.√四、简答题1.Restrictiverelativeclausesprovideessentialinformationandarenotseparatedbycommas,e.g.,"ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting."Non-restrictiverelativeclausesprovideadditionalinformationandaresetoffbycommas,e.g.,"Thebook,whichIborrowed,isinteresting."2.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedafterverbslike"suggest,""recommend,""demand"whenexpressingwishesorrecommendationsaboutfutureactions,usingthebaseformoftheverb,e.g.,"finish"insteadof"shouldfinish."3."Despite"isaprepositionmeaning"inspiteof"or"although,"introducingacontrastbetweenthemainclauseandthenounphrase"allthechallenges,"e.g.,"Despiteallthechallenges,theymanagedtoachievetheirgoals."4."Toappointanewmember"isaninfinitivephrasefunctioningastheobjectofthepreposition"to,"indicatingthepurposeof"takingmeasures,"e.g.,"Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventthepollution."5."Which"istypicallyusedtomodifyinanimatenounslike"thebook,"while"that"canmodifybothanimatean