大学英语四级模拟试卷492

大学英语四级模拟试卷492

一、作文（本题共/题，每题上0分，共1分。）

1、Forthispart,youarcallowed30minutestowritealetter.Youshouldwriteatleast

120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:给你的外国朋友写一封信，

告诉他（她）你已经被美国的一所大学录取，但你苦恼的是自己的听力和口语水平不

够，你想寻求他（她）对于如何提高听力和口语的建议。

标准答案：DearMark.YouwillneverguesswhatIamgoingtotellyouinthisletter.I

havereceivedtheletterofadmissionfromHarvardUniversity.ThismeansIamgoingto

domydoctordegreeprogramthisfallinAmerica.Afteryearsofhardwork,Inowhave

finallyrealizedmydreamofbeingabletoworkinthemostadvancedlaboratoryinthe

worldwiththemostoutstandingtopscientistsinthefieldofgeneticengineering.Iam

nowverybusypreparingforthistripofutmostimportanceinmylife.Ispendmostofmy

timeimprovingmyoralandauralEnglish.YouknowIhaveagoodcommandofwritten

English.Infact,IhavewrittenmypapersinEnglish,someofwhichhavebeenpublished

abroadalready.ButmylisteningandspeakingabilityofEnglishisfarbehind.Iamafraid

thatthispoorcommandoflisteningandspeakingwillhindertheeffective

communicationonceIamabroad.CanyOujustsuggestanygoodwayofimprovingmy

oralEnglishskillsquickly?Iamabitanxiousrecently.Anyway,Iwilltrymybest.Hope

tohearf'romyousoon!Yours,LiMing

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题分，共10

分。）

TheWorldinaGlass:SixDrinksThalChangedHistoryTomStandageurgesdrinkersto

savorthehistoryoftheirfavoritebeveragesalongwiththetaste.TheauthorofAHistory

oftheWorldin6Glasses（Walker&Company,June2005）,Standagelaudsthelibations

thathavehelpedshapeourworldfromtheStoneAgetothepresentday,"Theimportant

drinksarestilldrinksthatweenjoytoday,"saidStandage,atechnologyeditoratthe

London-basedmagazinetheEconomist."Theyarcrelics（纪念物）ofdifferenthistorical

periodsstill（bundinourkitchens."Takethesix-pack,whosecontentsfirstfizzedatthe

dawnofcivilization.BeerTheancientSumerians,whobuiltadvancedcity-statesinthe

areaofpresent-dayIraq,beganfennenting（发酵）beerfrombarleyatleast6,000years

ago."Whenpeoplestartedagriculturethefirstcrops（heyproducedwerebarleyorwheat.

Youconsumethosecropsasbreadandasbeer,"Standagenoted."It'sthedrinkassociated

withthedawnofcivilization.It'sassimpleasthat."Beerwaspopularwiththemasses

fromthebeginning."Beerwouldhavebeensomethingthatacommonpersoncouldhave

hadinthehouseandmadewhenevertheywarned,"saidLindaBisson,amicrobiologista（

theDepartmentofViticultureandEnologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis."The

guyswhobuiltthepyramidswerepaidinbeerandbread,"Standageadded."Itwasthe

definingdrinkofEgyptandMesopotamia.Everybodydrankit.Todayit'sthedrinkofthe

workingman,anditwasthenaswell."WineWinemaybeasoldorolderthanbeer—

thoughnoonecanbecertain.Paleolithichumansprobablysampledthefirst"wine"asthe

juiceofnaturallyfermentedwildgrapes.Butproducingandstoringwineproveddifficult

fbrearlycultures:"Tomakewineyouhavetohavefreshgropes,"saidBisson,（heUC

Davismicrobiologist."Forbeeryoucanjuststoregrainandaddwater（oprocessitatany

time."Makingwinealsodemandedpottery（hatcouldpreservethepreciousliquid."Wine

maybeeasiertomake[thanbeer],butit'shardertostore,"Bissonadded."Formost

ancientculturesitwouldhavebeenhardtocatch[fermentinggrapejuice]aswineonits

wayto[becoming]vinegar."Suchcaveatsandtheexpenseofproducingwinehelpedthe

beveragequicklygainmorecachet（威望）thanbeer.Winewasoriginallyassociatedwith

socialelitesandreligiousactivities.Winesnobberymaybenearlyasoldaswineitself.

GreeksandRomansproducedmanygradesofwineforvarioussocialclasses.Thequest

fbrqualitybecameaneconomicengineandlaterdroveculturalexpansion."Onceyou

hadregions[likeGreeceandRomelthatcoulddistinguishthemselvesasmakinggood

stuff,itgavethemaneconomicboost,"Bissonsaid."Beerjustwasn'tasspecial."Spirits

Hardliquor,particularlybrandyandrum,placated（安抚）sailorsduringthelongsea

voyagesoftheAgeofExploration,whenEuropeanpowersplied（heseasduringtheI5lh,

16th,andearlyI7（hcenturies.Rumplayedacrucialpartofthetriangulartradebetween

Britain.Africa,andtheNorthAmericancolonicsthatoncedominatedtheAtlantic

economy.Standagealsosuggeststhatrummayhavebeenmoreresponsiblethanteafbr

theindependencemovementinBritain'sAmericancolonies."Distillingmolassesforrum

wasveryimportanttotheNewEnglandeconomy,"heexplained."WhentheBritishtried

totaxmolassesitstruckattheheartoftheeconomy.Theideaof'notaxationwithout

representation'originatedwithmolassesandsugar.Onlyattheenddiditrefertotea."

GreatBritain'slongtimesuperiorityatseamayalsooweadebttoitsnavy'sdrinkofrum­

basedchoice,grog（掺水烈酒）,whichwasmadeacompulsorybeverageibrsailorsinthe

late18thcentury,"Theywouldmakegrogwithrum,water,andlemonorlimejuice,"

Standagesaid."Thisimprovedthetastebutalsoreducedillnessaridscurvy.Fleet

physiciansthoughtthatthishaddoubledtheefficiencyofthefleet."CoffeeThestoryof

modemcoffeestartsintheArabianPeninsula,whereroastedbeanswerefirstbrewed

aroundA.D.1000.Sometimearoundthe15thcentury,coffeespreadthroughouttheArab

world."IntheArabworld,coffeeroseasanalternativetoalcohol,andcoffeehousesas

alternativestotaverns（酒馆）-bolhofwhicharebannedbyIslam,"Standagesaid.When

coffeearrivedinEuropeitwassimilarlyhailedasan"anti-alcohoi"thatwasquite

welcomeduringtheAgeofReasoninthe18thcentury,"Justatthepointwhenthe

Enlightenmentisgettinggoing,here'sadrinkthatsharpensthemind,"Standagesaid.

"Thecoffeehouseistheperfectvenue（聚会地点）togettogetherandexchangeideasand

information.TheFrenchRevolutionstartedinacoffeehouse.'Coffeealsofuelled

commerceandhadstronglinkstotheritualsofbusinessthatremaintothepresentday.

LloydsofLondonandtheLondonStockExchangewerebothoriginallycoffeehouses.

TeaTeabecameadailydrinkinChinaaroundthethirdcenturyA.D.Standagesaystea

playedaleadingroleintheexpansionofimperialandindustrialmightinGreatBritain

manycenturieslater.During(he19(hcentury,theEastIndiaCompanyenjoyeda

monopolyonteaexportsfromChina."Englishmanaroundtheworldcoulddrinktea,

whethertheywereacolonialadministratorinIndiaoraLondonbusinessman,"Standage

said."ThesunneversetontheBritishEmpire—whichmeantthatitwasalwaysteatime

somewhere."AstheIndustrialRevolutionof18thand19thcenturiesgainedsteam,tea

providedsomeofthefuel.Factoryworkersstayedalertduringlong,monotonousshifts

(hankstowelcometeabreaks.Thebeveragealsohadunintendedhealthbenefitsfor

rapidlygrowingurbanareas,'whenyoustartpackingpeopletogetherincitiesit'shelpful

(ohaveawater-purificationtechnologyliketea,"whichwasbrewedwithboilingwater.

Standageexplained.Coca-ColaIn1886pharmacistJohnStithPembertonsoldaboutnine

Coca-Colasaday.Todayhissoftdrinkisoneoftheworld'smostvaluablebrands-sold

inmorecountriesthantheUnitedNationshasmembers."Itmaybethesecondmost

widelyunderstoodphraseindieworldafter'OK'JStandagesaid.Thedrinkhasbecome

asymboloftheUnitedStates-loveitorhateit.StandagenotesthatEastGermans

quicklyreachedforCokeswhentheBerlinWallfell,whileThaiMuslimspoureditout

intothestreetstoshowdisdainfortheU.S.inthedaysleadinguptothe2(X)3invasionof

Iraq."Coca-Colaencapsulateswhathappenedinthe20thcentury:theriseofconsumer

capitalismandtheemergenceofAmericaasasuperpower,"Standagesaid."It's

globalizationinabottle."WhileCokemaynotalwaysproduceasmile,asurveybythe

Economistmagazine(Standage'semployer),suggeststhatthesoftdrink'spresenceisa

greatindicatorofhappycitizens.Whencountrieswerepolledforhappiness,asdefined

byaUnitedNationsindex,highscorescorrelatedwithsalesofCoca-Cola."It'snot

because[Coke]makespeoplehappy,butbecause[its]saleshappeninthedynamicfree-

marketeconomiesthatlendtoproducehappypeople,"Standagesaid.

2、Thepassagegivesabriefdescriptionofthecontentofanewbook,AHistoryofthe

Worldin6Glasses.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本文的六个小标题正是对书名中“6Glasess”的具体阐释，由此可知题

干表述正确。

3、TheancientSumeriansbeganfermentingbeerfrombarleyatleast6,000yearsago.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题干中的fermentingbeer推知答案可能在小标题beer下。再根据

TheancientSumerians定位原文，从首句即可知题干表述正确。

4、Todaybeeristhedrinkoftheworkingman,whichwasnotthecasebefore.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据上题的解题思路，继续留意讲Beer的那些段落，在末尾发

现...anditwasthenaswell,可知题干表述错误。

5、Greeksprobablysampledthefirst"wine"asthejuiceofnaturallyfermentedwild

grapes.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由题干中的wine推知答案在同名小标题下的段落中。其中第二段明

确指出最初品尝红酒的是Paleolithichumans,可知题干表述错误。

6、Thecaveatsandtheexpenseofproducingwinehelpeditquicklygainmorecachet

(hanbeer.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题干中既出现了beer乂出现了wine,两事物的比较一般在介绍完两

事物后给出，本文先讲beer再讲wine,故先在标题Wine卜•的段落寻找答案。定位

发现题干信息与原文相符，是正确的。阅读中要留心事物间的比较。

7、Standagesuggeststhatteamayhavebeenmoreresponsiblethanrumforthe

independencemovementinBritain'sAmericancolonics.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是对tea和rum的一种比较，rum属于spirits,所以答案在

Spirits或Tea标题下的内容中。根据题干中的Britain'sAmericancolonies定位原文

发现Spirits下第二段明确提到Standagealsosuggeststhatrummayhavebeenmore

responsiblethantea..,可知题干表述错误。

8、CoffeeisthebestdrinkaccordingtoStandage.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据题干中的信息词coffee定位原文有关coffee的段落，发现

Standage并未做出与题干所述相关的评论。

9、Sometimearoundthe1thcenturycoffeespreadthroughout.

标准答案：theArabworld。

知识点解析：根据题干中fit信息词around(he15thcenlury定位原文有关coffee的段

落，可找到答案.

10>DuringtheIthcentury,themonopolyonteaexportsfromChinais.

标准答案：theEastIndiaCompany4>

知识点解析：根据题干中佬信息词During(heI9(hcentury和China定位原文有关

tea的段落，可在其下第二段末句找到答案。

11、Coca-Colahasbecomeasymbolof.

标准答案：theUnitedStateso

知识点解析：根据题干中fit信息词Coca-Cola和symbol定位原文有关Coca-Cola的

段落，可在其下第四段首句找到答案。

三、听力短对话(本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。)

12、

A、1016.

B、1060

C、508.

D、580

标准答案：C

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士说有1016名学生参加考试，但一半没有通过，由

此推断，通过考试的学生人数是508人，所以C正确。这里要注意辨别数字1016

(onethousandsixteen),而不是I060(onethousandsixty).,

13、

A、Fatheranddaughter,

B、Uncleandniece.

C、Auntandnephew.

D、Cousins.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士要找玛丽姑姑，男士回答说他妈妈不在，由此推

断，两人应该是表亲，所以D正确。

14、

A^Shewasn'tinvited.

B、Shewasn'treadytocome.

C、Shealteredherdecision.

D、Sheforgottheinvitation.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士说苏珊原木要来，但又改变主意了，所以C（她改

变了决定）正确。

15、

A、Thedoorneedsrepairing.

B、Hehadlostallhiskeys.

C、Hecouldn'topenthedoor.

D^Hewantedthewomantohelphim.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士问男士为什么站在外面不进去，男士回答说他试了

所有的钥匙，就是打不开门，由此可知，C正确。本题的关键是弄清让指代的是

thedooro

16、

A、She'sratherhappytohearso.

B、She'sdisappointedtohearso.

C^She'sunhappytohearso

D、She'ssurprisedtohearso.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：综合推断题。男士说女士看上去不到30岁，女士回答说：“真的吗？

事实上我已经35岁了。”由此推断，35岁的女士在听到别人说她看起来不到30

时，肯定会很高兴，所以A正确。

17、

A、Hethoughtitwasagoodcar.

B、Hethoughtitwastoonoisy.

C、Hethoughttherewassomethingwrongwiththecar.

D、Hedidn'tlikeit.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：信息明示题。本题问的是女士的父亲对新车的态度，而女士前面所说

的都是她姐姐（或妹妹）对新车的看法，所以本题的关键是女士的最后一句话：“我

父亲认为这是一辆好车。”故选A。

18、

A、Inacar.

B、Inatrain.

C、Inaship.

D、Inaplane.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士说：“系好安全带，我们马上就要起飞了。”男士

问：“你能告诉我怎么系吗?''由关键词takeoff（起飞）可知，对话发生在飞机上，所

以D正确。

19、

A^She'llgototheconcert.

B、She'llhaveameeting.

C、She'llwatchherneighbor'schildren.

D、She,llvisitherneighbor.

标准答案：C、

知识点解析：信息明示题。女士说：“邻居今晚要开会，我答应了要帮他们照看孩

子。”由此可知，女士今晚要为邻居看孩子，所以C正确，baby・sit意为“担任临时

保姆，照顾婴儿”。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分,共3分。）

20、

A、Shefeltembarrassedinclass.

B、Herpresentationreceivedapoorgrade.

C^Shehadnotcompletedherassignment.

D^Shewasunabletoattendherpsychologyclass.

标准答案：A

知识£解析：综合推断题。女士觉得自己在历史深上所做的阐述北常糟糕，男士问

她是否没有准备好，女士叵答说自己在一群人面前讲话时总是感到尴尬和紧张，由

此推断，女上的问题应该是在课上感到尴尬，故选A。

21、

A^She'dbeabletoleavequickly.

B、She'dbelessnervous.

C^She'dbeabletolocatewherethemanwasseated.

D、She'dknowwhenherprofessorarrived.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士问男士是否会在教授叫他回答问题时脸也变得牛常

红，男士借此建议女士别再想周围的人，而是看房间里其他的东西，例如说出口标

志，由此推断，男士认为这样可以使女士不那么紧张，故选B。

22、

A^Theyblushmorereadilythanwomendo.

B、They'reuncomfortablewhenperforminginfrontofadults.

C、Theydon'trespondtostresswell.

D、Theyblushlessfrequentlythanadultsdo,

标准答案：D

知识点解析，综合推断题。男士说小孩几乎不会脸红，而成人之中，女性可能比男

士更容易脸红，由此推断，小孩与成人相比，很少脸红，故选D。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、In（hestudentrecreationcenter.

B、Inthecampusdininghall.

C、Intheuniversitybookstore.

D^Inaclassroom.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：综合推断题。女士说Thisfoodisterrible.Ican'tevenfinishmy

dinner.男士说theuniversitycouldhireabetterfoodservice,结合这两句话可以推

断，对话发生在食堂，所以B正确。

24、

A、Studying.

B、Preparingsnacks.

C、Playingcards.

D^Learninghowtoplaybridge.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:信息明示题。女士说I'mgoingovertothestudentrecreationcenterto

playsomebridge.接下来男士问Youarespendingyourtirr.eonacardgame?由此可

知，女士计划晚上playbridge（打桥牌），应选C。

25、

A、Misshercardgame.

B、Stayuptoolate.

C^Taketooheavyaworkloadnextsemester.

D、Neglectherstudiestoplaybridge.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。男士说Youshouldbecarefulrottoplaysomuchthatyou

don'tgetyourstudyingdone.所以D正确。

26、

A、Healreadyknowshowtoplay.

B、Hedoesn'tliketoplaygames.

C、Hedoesn'thaveapartner,

D^Hedoesn'thaveenoughfreetime.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。男士说Ihaveaprettyheavyworkloadthissemester.I

havetospendmyeveningsstudying.由此可知，男士这学期的学业很重，他晚上也

要学习，故选D。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Shedoeshershopping.

B、Shedrinksextratea.

C、Sheeatsalotofthings.

D^Shesleepsagreatdeal.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章提到，卡罗尔在感到不高兴时，会去餐馆、酒吧、

超市等地方大吃一顿，所以C正确。

28、

A、Problemswiththeteachers.

B、Problemswithfamilymembersorfriends.

C、Problemswithclasswork.

D、Problemswithapart-timejob.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章提到Herfeelingofunhappinesscouldstart

from...problemswithfamilymembersorfriends,由此可知B正确。虽然医生也提到

卡罗尔的暴饮暴食可能是想忘记作业，但医生明确指出的是家庭作业(homework

assignment)而非课堂作业(glasswork),排出C。

29、

A、Talkingtosomeoneoverthephone.

B、Drinkingsomedietcoke.

C^Playingavideogame.

D、Drinkingextratea.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章最后提到，医生建议卡罗尔和他人电话沟通、玩电

子游戏或多喝茶，以此来代替暴饮暴食，但并没未建议他喝健怡可乐(dietcoke),

故选B,

30、

A、Theywereabletoflyitintheair.

B、Theywereabletostayupin(heairforhalfanhourandmoreinthemachine.

C、Theywereabletocarrytravelers.

D、Theywere'abletoflyinmoundDayton.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章指出，Theywereabletostayupintheairforhalfan

hourandmoreinthismachine,由此可知，B正确。

31、

A^Nothing.

B、Alot.

C、Hardlyanything.

D、Alittle.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章指出…theysaidhardlyanythingaboutitatall,所以

C正确。

32、

A^Thereportersdidn'tbelievewhatpeopletoldthemabouttheflights.

B、TheGovernmentdidn'tgivetheWrightsanymoney.

C、TheGovernmentthoughttheWrightswantedmoneyinordertobuildanairplane.

D^Atthetimeitseemednoonecouldunderstandthem.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：信息明示题。由第一段段末的新闻工作者refuseiobelievethem可

知，A正确；由TheyseemedtothinktheWrightswantedmoneyinordertobuildan

airplane可知，C正确；由末句Itseemednobodywasinterested可推出D正确；而文

章并没有提及美国政府有没有资助莱特兄弟，故选B。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A^Inthesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.

B、Inthe1960s,

C^In（hefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.

D、Intheearly1800s.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章第二段指出…intheearly1800s...Peopledidnot

havetoexploremuchanymore.由此可知,D正确。

34、

A、Movieswithsound,

B、Nylon.

C、Theradio.

D、Thecomputer.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息明示题。文章第三段指出，相机、电灯和无线电是19世纪的伟

大发明，故C正确“

35、

A^Improvedlivingconditions.

B、Newwaystohelppeoplegetoverdiseases.

C、Manyinventionsinindustry.

D、Industrializationindevelopingcountries.

标准答案：B'

知识点解析:信息明示题。文章第四段指出,Themiddlepartofthe20thcentury

broughtnewwaystohelpgetoverdiseases...Theymadepeoplehealthierandlet

(hemlivelongerlives.由此可知，B正确。

36、

A^Bytaxingpublicservices.

B、Bymakingpeoplepayforprivatebills.

C、Byprovidingneededservices.

D、Bycollectingtaxes.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：综合推断题。文章开始便指出政府要利用税收来支付公共账单，所以

D正确。

八、听力复合式听写(本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。)

Acollegeeducationisaninvestmentinthefuture.Butitcanbea[Bl]

investment.TheCollegeBoard[B2]thatthecostsatafour-yearpublic

collegeintheUnitedStatesincreased10percentthispastschoolyear.Thatwaslessthan

(he[B3]percentincreasetheyearbefore,butstillmuchhigherthanthe[B4]

rate.Publi9collegesanduniversitiesstillcostalotlessthanprivateones.

Financialaidoftenhelps.Butfinancial[B5]tellparentstostartcollege[B6]

planswhentheirchildisstillveryyoung.All50statesandtheDistrictof

Columbia[B7]whalarecalled5-20-9plans.Theseplansarenamedafterthe

partofthefederaltaxlawthatcreatedthemin1996.Statesuseprivateinvestment

companiesto[B8]mostprograms.Everystatehasitsownrulesgoverning5-

20-9plans.Someof(heplansare1'reeofslate(axes.Andallarefreeoffederal(axes.

[B9][B10]Familiesmustdecidehowaggressivelytheywanttoput

moneyintostocks,bondsorotherinvestments.[Bl1]Thiskindofsavings

programiscalledaprepaidtuitionplan.

37、[Bl]

标准答案：costly

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：estimates

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、［B3］

标准答案：13/thirteen

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、［B4］

标准答案：inflation

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、［B5］

标准答案：advisers

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、［B61

标准答案：savings

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、［B7］

标准答案：offer

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、［B8］

标准答案：operale

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、［B91

标准答案：However,thegovernmentcouldstarttotaxwithdrawlsin2011ifCongress

doesnotchangethelaw.

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、［BIO］

标准答案：5-20-9plansincludeinvestmentaccountsthatincreaseordecreaseinvalue

withtheinvestmentstheycontain.

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、［Bll］

标准答案：Anotherkindof5-20-9planletsparentsbegintopayfbrtheirchild's

educationlongbeforetheirchildstartscollege.

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读(选词填空)(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共

10分。)

Perhapsthemostastonishingtheorytocomeoutofkinetics,thestudyofbody

movement,wassuggestedbyProfessorRayBirdwhistelLHebelievesthat[SI]

appearanceisoftenculturallyprogrammedInotherwords,we[S2]our

looks—wearenotbornwiththem.Ababyhasgenerallyunformedfacial[S3].

Ababy,accordingtoBirdwhistell,learnswheretosettheeyebrowsby[S4]at

thosearound-familyandfriends.Thishelpsexplainwhythepeopleofsomeregionsof

theUnitedStateslooksomuch[S5]..NewEnglandersorSouthernershave

certain[S61facialcharacteristicsthatcannotbeexplainedbygenetics(遗传学).

Theexactshapeofthemouthisnotsetat[S7];itislearnedafter.Infact,the

finalmouthshapeisnotformeduntilwellafterpermanentteetharcset.Formany,this

canbewellintoyouth.Ahusbandandwifetogetherforalonglimeoften[S8]

tolooksomewhatalike.Welearnourlooksfromthosearoundus.Thisis[S9]

whyinasinglecountrythereareareaswherepeoplesmilemorethanthosein

otherareas.IntheUnitedStales,forexample,(heSouthisthepartofthecountrywhere

(hepeoplesmilemostfriendly.InNewEnglandtheysmileless,andin(hewesternpart

ofNewYorkstate[S10]less.A)pcrhapsI)lcarnB)fcaturcsJ)comcC)wcli

K)differentD)stiliL)explaincdE)physicalM)gestureF)birthN)alikeG)looking

O)commonH)seeing

48、[SI]

标准答案：E

知决点解析：根据下文Inotherwords....一句中的ourlooks,可知只有physical

appearance与looks同义，因此应选[E]

49、[S2]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：根据50空那一句，第二段第一句及最后一句，可知应选learn。

50、[S3]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该句紧承上两句，作为具体的例子，指出婴儿的(面部特征)一般是不

成型的，只有代入features才符合语境，因此应选[B]

51、[S4]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：根据题义以及介词by、al可知应选用lookH勺-ing形式。

52、[S5]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：根据上文可知：既然婴儿从周围的亲人和朋友那儿习得外貌，那么这

就是一个地区的人们看起来那么相象(looksomuchalike)的原因，因此选[N]

53、(S61

标准答案：0

知识点解析：通过分析，我们知道这里缺少的句子成分为定语，应该是形容词；其

次研究本句与上文的语义关系，我们可以确定这里的意思应该是“共同的面部特

征"，故IO]项正确。

54、[S7]

标准答案:F

知识点解析：根据句法结构和语境的意思，可知F正确。atbirth是一个固定表达

方式，意思是“在出生的时候

55、[S8]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：come(todo,something)在此表示“结果"，意思是“逐渐变得

56、[S9]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据句法和意思分析，这里是插入成分，表示语气的状语，因此可知

A项正确。perh叩s(也许)在此表明作者对有关说法持科学的谨慎态度。

57、[S10]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据本句及上一句，我们知道美国南部的人们的笑容最(most)友好，

新英格兰的人们笑得少一些(less),纽约州西部的人们(笑得)更少(stillless)。

十、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共题，每题1.0

分，共10分。)

Americansusedtostandtallas(hepeoplewith(hehighestaverageheightintheworld.

However,sincethemiddleofthiscentury,severalScandinavian(斯堪的那维亚的)

countrieshavemovedaheadandnowhavetallercitizensonaveragethantheUnited

States."OneofthekeystounderstandingwhyAmericaisfallingbehindothercountries

intermsofstaturehastodowithaccesstohealthcare,particularlyfbrchildren,"said

RichardSteckel,aprofessorofeconomicsandanthropologyatOhiostateuniversity."I

suspecttherearepocketsofpovertyintheUnitedStateswherethelackofmedical

programsandnutritionalprogramsmaybefactorsinpoorhealth,andthereasonsome

peoplearen'tgrowingastallastheymight.""Ithinkthecountriesthathavesurpassedthe

UnitedStateshavedonewellinreachingnearlyeveryonewithcompletehealthand

nutritionservices."saidSteckel."ThesuccessoftheScandinaviancouniriesinhealthcare

showsupinmanymeasures,notjustheight,suchasmortalityrates（死亡率）andlife

expectancy（寿命）ImmigrationtotheUnitedStatesofpeoplewithshorteraverage

heights-suchasAsian-can'texplainwhyothercountrieshavemovedaheadin

averageheight,accordingtoSteckel."Inthepasthalfcentury,thechangeinethnic（种族

的）compositionhasn'tbeenenoughtomakeasignificantdifferenceinthecountry's

averageheight."Steckelsaidhefirstbeganinvestigatingheightasanalternativewayto

measurethestandardofliving—atraditionalareaofresearchforeconomists.Research

hasshownthataverageheightissignificantlyassociatedwithacountry'spercapita（A

均）income.Butstudyingheighthassomeadvantages,Steckelsaid.Forexample,

researchershaverecordsofaverageheightthatgofurtherbackinhistorythandorecords

ofnationalincome.Heightalsotellsaslightlydifferentstoryaboutthestandardofliving

becauseitmeasuresconsumptionofbasicnecessities,rathertnanoutput.Moreover,

becausegrowthoccursmostlyinchildhood,itallowsresearcherstolookathow

resourcesareallocatedwithinfamilies."Studyingheightcapturessomethingsaboutthe

standardoflivingthatincomeleavesout,"Steckelsaid,"Economistsneedtotakea

multipleapproachtostudyingthestandardofliving."

58、ThereasonthattheaverageheightofAmericansisfallingbehindthatofseveral

Scandinaviancountriesisthat.

A^Americansgenerallyreceivepoorermedicalcarethanthosepeopleinthe

Scandinaviancountries

B、someAmericanshaveinadequateaccesstomedicalcareandnutrition

C、thelivingstandardsinthoseScandinaviancountrieshavegreatlyimproved

D、thelivingstandardinAmericahasdeclinedwithshorteraverage

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。该题问美国人身高落后于斯堪的那维亚国家的原因。答题依

据在文章第二部分，具体地说在第二和第三段。第二段说到，儿童缺乏保健医疗卫

生和营养。第三段说穷人缺医少药。综合二者，我们可以断定［B］（部分美国人没有

足够的医疗和营养）为正确答案。［A］项不合题意，因为讲的是一般情况

（generally）,范围太广。［C］和［D］说的都是“生活水准”，涵盖面也太大。而医疗卫生

和营养只是生活水准的•个具体的方面。

59、ImmigrationtotheUnitedStateshypeoplewithshorteraverageheightisnoreason

forthedeclineintheaverageheightinAmericabecause.

A、AsianscametotheUnitedStatesonlyinrecentyears

B、Asiansaretallerthanimnigrantsfromotherareas

C、theimmigrationbypeoplewithshorteraverageheightisnotlargeenough

D、immigrantsofotherethnicitiesusuallyhavegoodaccessiomedicalcareand

nutrition

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。该题问，为什么说小身材的移民者来到美国不是美国人身高

下降的原因。根据关键词“immigralion”，我们可知答题依据在第5段。文章第二句

说，“种族组成的变化不足以改变这个国家的总体身高”。故，［C］为正确答案。

60、Usingincometostudythestandardoflivingfailstocaptureallofthefollowing

EXCEPT.

A、thelivingstandardsofpeoplewholivedfurtherbackinhistory

B、consumptionofbasicnecessities

C、howresourcesareallocatedwithinfamilies

D^productionofbasicnecessities

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。该题问，用收入来研究生活水准'没有忽视以卜.哪个方面。答

题依据在文章第二部分，具体地说，在第七段。作者列举了通过身高研究生活水准

的三个优点，也就是传统收入法忽视的地方。分别体现在［A］,［B［,［C］三个选项

中。但是不包拈［D］,也就是说四个选项中［D］是“收入法”没有忽视的。故，［D］（基

本必需品的生产）为正确答案。

61、Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?

A、Studyingincomerevealsnothingaboutthestandardofliving.

B、Heightandincomecombinedrevealmoreaboutthestandardofliving.

C、Thestandardoflivingcannotbetrulymeasured.

D、Economistsdonotagreeonwhatthestandardoflivingmeans.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。该题问“文章最后一段暗示了什么?”最后一段说，“研究身高

发现了，收入法'忽视了的问题，经济学家需要采取多层面研究方法宋研究生活水平

问题。“据此，我们可以推断正确答案为［D］（身高和收入结合在•起可以揭示更多

生活水准的问题）。

62、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsmeasuringthe

standardoflivingbystudyingheight?

A、Approving.

B、Indifferent.

C、Objective.

D、Humorous.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：观点题。该题问“作者对通过研究身高来衡量生活水准这个做法持什

么态度?”综观全文，我们发现：除了第一段引言以外，其余七段均提及了Richard

Steckel（俄亥俄州立大学经济学和人类学教授）的名字，甚至直接引用了这位教授的

原话。文中自始至终没有出现一句作者评价。由此，我们可以确定文章作者只不过

在客观地报道某一位研究人员的发现和观点。故，［©Objective（客观的）为该题答

案，［B］Indifferent（不关/b的,冷漠的）不是答案,理由是作者对“通过研究身高来

评估生活水平”的观点至少还足感兴趣的。

JeremyFox,aretiredbusinessmaninasmallcityinEngland,recentlyboughtanold

farmhousewithayardandasmallfield,somefivemilesoutofthetown.Therehe

plannedtoleadasimplelifewithhiswife,A