组织学与胚胎学-组培-英语词汇表-双语

Glossary

EpithelialTissue上皮组织

coveringepithelium被覆上反

simplesquamousepithelium单层扁平上皮

endothelium内皮

mesothelium间皮

simplecuboidalepithelium单层立方上皮|kju:boidol]

simplecolumnarepithelium单层柱状上皮[kol\mno]

pesudostiatifiedciliatedcoluinnaiepithelium假复层纤毛柱状上皮['su:dDsinelifaid]

[silieitidl

stratifiedsquamousepithelium复层扁平上皮

transitionalepithelium移行上反

cellcoat细胞衣

niicrovillus(microvilli)微绒毛

cilium(cilia)纤毛

tightjunction紧密连接

imermediaiejunction中间连接

desmosome桥粒「desmosom]

gapjunction缝隙连接

basementmembrane基膜

plasmamembraneinfolding质膜内褶

hemidesmosome半桥粒

ConnectiveTissue结缔组织

connectivetissueproper固有结缔组织

looseconnectivetissue疏松结缔组织

denseconnectivetissue致密结缔组织

reticulartissue网状组织

adiposetissue脂肪组织

fibroblast成纤维细胞

macrophage巨噬细胞

plasmacell浆细胞

mastcell肥大细胞

fatcell脂肪细胞

groundsubstance基质

collagenousfiber胶原纤维

clasticfiber弹性纤维

reticularfiber网状纤维

reticularcell网状细胞

cartilage软骨rka:tlidjj

cartilagetissue软骨组织

hyalinecartilage透明软骨['haidli:n]

elasticcartilage弹性软骨

fibrouscarti1age/fibrocarti1age纤维软骨

chondrocyte软骨细胞IkAdrosit]

isogenousgroup同源细胞群

perichondrium软骨膜

bone骨

osseoustissuc/bonctissue骨组织['OSESSj

bonematrix骨质['meitriks]

osteoprogenitorcell骨祖细胞[ostia,proo'djenits]

osteoblast成骨细胞

osteocyte骨细胞[,□stiosait]

osteoclast破骨细胞[,□stiokla:st|

circumferentiallamella环骨板[S0,k.\mf3renj训[la'mela]

osteone骨单位[ostioune]

Haversiansystem哈弗斯系统

imerstitiallamella间骨板|int9(:)'stijal]

periosteum骨外膜

endosteum骨内膜

Blood血液

serum血清fsiorom]

bloodplasma血浆

Wright'sstain瑞氏染色

hemocyte血细胞

erythrocyte红细胞

hcmogiobin(Hb)血红蛋白

reticulocyte网织红细胞

leukocyte白细胞

granulocyte有粒白细胞

agranulocyte无粒白细胞

azurophilicgranules嗜天青颗粒

neutrophil(neutrophilicgranulocyte)中性粒细胞

eosinophil嗜酸性粒细胞[jiau'sinafil]

basophil嗜碱性粒细胞['beisofil]

monocyte单核细胞

lymphocyte淋巴细胞

bloodplatelet血小板['pleitlit]

MuscleTissue肌组织

musclefiber肌纤维

sarcolemma用L膜[.snka'lemo]

sarcoplasm肌浆

sarcoplasmicreticulum肌浆网

skeletalmuscle骨骼肌

epimysium肌外膜[^pi'miziam]

perimysium肌束膜

endomysium肌内膜

striatedmuscle横纹肌[strieitid]

myofilament肌丝

isotropicbandI带

anisotropicbandA带

strcomcrc肌节[’sa:komia]

myofibril肌原纤维

transversetubule(Ttubule)横小管

longitudinaltubule纵小管

terminalcistcrnac终池

triad三联体['traiodl

cardiacmuscle心肌

iniercalateddisc闰盘[in'oiksleit]

diad二联体

smoothmuscle平滑肌

NervousTissue神经组织

nervouscell神经细胞

neuroglialcell神经胶质细胞［['nuro'glaiol]

neuron神经元

soma胞体

ncurite突起

dendrite树突

axon轴突['aekson]

Nissfsbody尼氏体

neurofibril神经原纤维

neurofilament神经丝

microtubule微管

synapse突触Isi'naips]

axosomaticsynapse轴体突触

axodendritesynapse轴树突触

chemicalsynapse化学性突触

presynapticelement突触前成分

synapticvesicle突触小泡

synapticcleft突触间隙[kleft]

postsynapticelement突触后成分

glialcell胶质细胞

astrocyte星形胶质细胞[ra?strasait]

oligodendrocyte少突胶质细胞[,3ligsu'dendrosaitl

microglia小胶质细胞

ependymalcell室管膜细胞

Schwann'scell施万纽胞

neiirileinmalcell神经膜细胞(nuro'lemal]

sacllitccell卫星细胞

nervefiber神经纤维

myelinatednervefiber有髓神经纤维[maialineitid]

unmyelinatednervefiber无髓神经纤维

centralaxon轴索

myelinsheath髓鞘l,mai91i(:)n]

neurilemma神经膜

Ranvier'snode郎飞结

internode结间体

nerve神经

epineurium神经外膜(epi,njuariamj

perineurium神经克膜

cndoncurium神经内膜

sensorynerveending感觉神经末梢

freenerveending游离神经末梢

encapsulatednerveending被囊神经末梢[en'kaepsajeil]

tactilecorpuscle触觉小体['taektal]['koiposol]

lamellercorpuscle环层小体

musclespindle肌梭

motornerveending运动神经末梢

somaticmotornerveending躯体运动神经末梢[sa(yinietik]

visceralmotornerveending内脏运动神经末梢「visorH]

motorendplate运动终板

CirculatorySystem循环系统

Cardiovascularsystem心血管系统

heart心

wallsofheart心壁

endocardium心内膜

endothelium内皮

subendotheliallayer内皮式层

subendocardiallayer心内膜下层

Purkinjefibers浦肯野纤维

myocardium心肌膜

epicardium心外膜

artery动脉

medium-sizedartery中动脉

muscularartery肌性动脉

tunicaintima内膜['tju:nikd]['intima]

internalelasticmembrane内弹性膜

tunicamedia中膜

tunicaadventitia夕卜膜[,acdvcn'tijja]

externalelasticmembrane外弹性膜

largeartery大动脉

elasticartery弹性动脉

smallartery小动脉

arteriole微动脉[ar'tirisul]

capillary毛细血管

continuouscapillary连续性毛细血管

fenestratedcapillary有孔毛细血管[fi'nestreitid]

discontinuoussinusoidalcapillary不连续毛细血管Isina'soidlJ

bloodsinusoid血窦

vein静脉

lymphaticsystem淋巴系统[lim'faetik]

lymphaticcapillary毛细淋巴管

lymphaticvessel淋巴管

lymphatictrunks淋巴二

lymphaticducts淋巴导管

ImmuneSystem免疫系统

lymphoidorgan淋巴港官

centrallymphoidorgan中枢淋巴器官

peripherallymphoidorgan周围淋巴器官

lymphatictissue淋巴纤.织

diffuselymphoidtissue弥散淋巴组织

lymphoidnodule淋巴小结

immunecell免疫纽胞

thymus胸腺

capsule被膜

interlobularseptum小叶间隔[in'to:hbjulo]['septom]

thymocyte胸腺细胞

epithelialreticularcell上皮网状细胞

thymicepithelialcell胸腺上皮细胞

thymiccorpuscle胸腺小体

lymphoidnode淋巴结

trabecula小梁[tro'bekjulo]

corticalsinus皮质淋巴窦[ko:tiksljfsainos]

subcapsularsinus被膜k淋巴窦

peritrabecularsinus小梁周窦

superficialcortex浅层皮质

paracortexzone副皮质区

thymusdependentarea胸腺依赖区

medullarycord髓索[,medAlori]

niedullarysinus髓窦

spleen脾

whitepulp白髓[pAlp]

periarteriallymphaticsheath动脉周围淋巴鞘

centralartery中央动脉

spleniccoi-puscle脾小结

redpulp红髓

spleniccord脾索

splenicsinus脾窦

marginalzone边缘区['ma:d3inol]

palatinetonsil脱扁桃体['pjElatain][,tonssll

mononuclearphagocyticsystem单核吞噬细胞系统

DigestiveSystem消化系统

digestivetract消化管

mucosa粘膜[mju:'kouso]

laminapropria固有层

muscularismucosa粘膜肌层

submucosa粘膜式层

muscularis肌层

adventitia外膜

tongue舌

lingualpapilla舌乳头[,liggwoll[ps'pihl

filiformpapilla丝状乳头

fungiformpapilla菌状乳头[,fAnd3if3：m]

circumvallatepapilla轮廓乳头[,sa:kam'vjeleit]

esophagus食管

stomach胃

fundicgland胃底腺

chiefcell主细胞

zymogencell胃将细胞「zaim9djen]

parietalcell壁细胞[psYaiatal]

oxynticcell泌酸细胞

mucousneckcell颈粘液细胞

smallintestine小肠

plicaecircularis环行皱裳Cplaiko]

absorptivecell吸收细胞

striatedborder纹状缘

gobletcell杯状细胞[goblit]

endocrinecell内分泌细胞

smallintestinalgland小肠腺

Panethcell潘氏细胞

undifferentiatedcell未分化细胞

intestinalvilus肠绒毛['vilas]

largeintestine大肠

digestivegland消化腺

pancreas胰

exoenneportion外分泌部

pancreasislet胰岛「ailil]

glucagon胰高血糖素

insulin胰岛素

somatostatin生长抑素[soumjetoustajtin]

liver肝

hepaticlobule/liverlobule肝小叶['lobju:1]

hepaticplate/liverplate肝板

limitingplate界板

hepatocyte肝细胞

Kupffercell库普弗细胞

hepaticsinusoid肝血窦

Dissespace狄氏间隙

perisinusoidalspace窦周隙

bilecanaliculus胆小管[bail]Ikajno.likjulos]

portalcanalarea门管区['portsll

interlobularvein小叶间静脉

interlobularartery小叶间动脉

interlobularbileduel小叶间胆管

RespiratorySystem呼吸系统

trachea气管[Iraki:。]

lung肺

conductingportion导气部

Icbarbronchus叶支气管['brorjkas]

smallbronchus小支气管fbraijkioul]

bronchiole细支气管I'brarjkiaulJ

terminalbronchiole终末细支气管

respiratoryportion呼吸部

respiratorybronchiole呼吸性细支气管

alveolarduct肺泡管[jel'vioh]

alveolarsac肺泡囊[sack]

pulmonaryacinus肺泡f'polmo.neri:]

alveolarepithelium肺泡上皮

typeIalveolarcellI型肺泡细胞

typeIIalveolarcellII型肺泡细胞

surfactant外表活性物质

alveolarseptum肺泡隔

alveolarpore肺泡孔

pulmonarymacrophage肺巨噬细胞

dustcell尘细胞

blood-airbarrier血一气屏障

respiratorymembrane呼吸膜

UrinarySystem泌尿系统

kidney肾

renalcortex肾皮质

renalmedulla肾髓质

corticallabyrinth皮质迷路['lacbo,rinO]

medullaryray髓放线

uriniferoustubule泌尿小管吧[juoriniforosi

nephron肾单位fnefiron]

renalcorpuscle肾小体

vascularpole血管极

urinarypole尿极

renalglomerulus仔小球[glsu'meijiilas]

mesangium血管系膜[me'ssend3i9m]

mesangialcell系膜细胞

mesangialmatrix系膜其质

renalcapsule肾小囊

parietallayer壁层

viscerallayer脏层

capsularspace肾小囊腔

podocyte足细胞

slitmembrane裂孔膜

filtrationmembrane滤过膜

filtrationbarrier滤过屏障

renaltubule肾小管

proximaltubule近端小管

thinsegment细段

distaltubule远端小管

parsconvolute曲部[kanvolju:t]

parsrecta直部['rekto|

proximalconvolutedtubule近曲小管

brushborder刷状缘

lateralprocess侧突f'ketorol]

basalstriation基底纵纹

distalconvolutedtubule远曲小管

collectiontubule集合管

juxtaglomerularcomplex球旁复合体[d3Akst9,glo'nieruh]

juxtaglomerularapparatus肾小球旁器lacpa'rcitss]

juxtaglomerularcell球旁细胞

renin肾素

maculadensa致密斑['maekjula]

extraglomerularmesangialcell球外系膜细胞

Skin皮肤

epidermis表皮[epfdsimis]

dermis真皮['do:mis]

stratumbasale基底层「sireitom]

stratumspinosum棘层

stratumgranulosum颗粒层

stratumlucidum透明层

stratumcorneum角质层['komiom]

melanocyte黑素细胞['mchn9u,sait]

Langerhanscell朗格汉斯细胞

papillarylayer乳头层

reticularlayer网织层

hypodermis皮下”织|haipauda:mis]

Eye眼

eav*eball眼球

fibroustunic纤维膜Ctjuinik]

vasculartunic血管膜

retina视网膜['retno]

cornea角膜['ko:ni:o]

cornealepithelium角膜上皮

anteriorlimitinglamina前界层

cornealstroma角膜其质

posteriorlimitinglamina后界层

cornealendothelium角膜内皮

layersofretina视网膜的分层

pigmentepitheliumlayer色素上皮层

layerofrodsandcones视杆视锥层

layerofbipolarcell双极细胞层

layerofganglioncell节细胞层f'gaeglion]

pigmentepithelialcell色素上皮细胞

visualcell视细胞

photoreceptorcell感光细胞[foutouri'septol

rodcell视杆纽胞

conecell视维细胞

bipolarcell双极细胞

ganglioncell节细胞

EndocrineSystem内分泌系统

endocrinegland内分泌腺

nitrogen-containinehormonecell含氮激素细胞

steroidsecretorycell类固醉分泌细胞

thyroidgland甲状腺COai^id]

thyroidhormone甲状腺激素

follicularepithelialcell滤泡上皮细胞ffolikol]

thyroglobuliniodination碘化的甲状腺球蛋白（'aio,dain]

colloid胶体

thyroxine甲状腺素

triiodothyroninc(T3)三碘甲状腺原氨酸

tetrai(xiothyronine(T4)叫碘甲状腺原氨酸

parafollicularcell灌泡旁细胞

calcitonin降钙素[kaclsi'tounin]

parathyroid甲状旁腺

chiefcell主细胞

parathyroidhormone甲状旁腺激素

oxyphilcell嗜酸性细胞

adrenalgland肾上腺[o'dri:nol]

zonaglomcrulosa球状带Iglsu'mEogulasJ

mineralocorticoid盐皮质激素[,minr919'ko:ti,koidl

aldosterone醛固酮[jel'dastoroun]

zonafasiculata束状带[fs'sikjulitj

glucocorticoid糖皮质激素

corticosterone皮质酮

zonareticularis网状带

chromaffincell嗜格细胞fkro'mjefinl

adrenaline/epinephrine肾上腺素[a:drenolin][,epi'nefrin]

norepinephrine/noradrenaline去甲肾上腺素

pituitaiygland垂体|[pi'tu:uteri:]

basophiliccell嗜碱性细胞

thyrotroph促甲状腺激素细胞

thyroidstimulatinghormone(TSHi/thyrotropin促甲状腺激素

adreno€oiiicotroph(ACTHcell)/corticotroph促肾上腺皮质激素细胞

adrenocorticotropin促肾上腺皮质激素

gonadotroph促性腺激素细胞

adenohypophysis腺垂体|[a^donouhai.pDfisis]

parsdisialis迅侧部

acidophiliccell嗜酸性细胞

somatotroph生长激素细胞[soumata'troupin]

somatotropin/growthhormone(GH)生长激素

mammotroph/prolactincell促乳激素细胞[prou'kektin]

mammotropin促乳激素

folliclestimulatinghormone(FSH)卵泡刺激素

luteinizinghormone(LH)黄体生成素[lu:ti:inaizing]

interstitialcellstimulatinghormonc(ICSH)间质细胞刺激素

chromophobecell嫌色细胞[kraumsfaub]

parsintermedia中间部

rnclanotroph促黑素激素细胞[mclansu'trDpin]

melanocytestimulatinghormone(MSH)黑素纠胞刺激素

parstuberalis结节部

neurohypophysis神经垂体

parsnervosa神经部

pituicyte垂体细胞

Herring'sbody