人教版八年级上册英语Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 提升测试题（含答案）

第第页人教版八年级上册英语Unit4AmazingPlantsandAnimals提升测试题一、第一部分，听力，听句子，选择最佳答语（每小题1分，共5分）听句子，选择最佳答语1．A．Itusesecholocationtofindfood.B．Itlivesinthedesert.C．Iteatsmainlygrassandleaves.D．It'satypeofreptile.2．A．Theycansurvivewithoutwaterformonths.B．Theyarethelargestanimals.C．Theyliveinthedeepocean.D．Theyareafraidofhumans.3．A．Yes,it'stheoldestlivingthing.B．No,it'sverysmall.C．Yes,Iplanteditlastyear.D．No,itgrowsintheocean.4．A．Forabout50years. B．Intropicalrainforests.C．Bycatchingsmallfish. D．It'sendangerednow.5．A．Becauseitcanchangecolor. B．Isawitinadocumentary.C．It'ssimilartoachameleon. D．Itwasdiscoveredin1990.二、第一部分，听力，听对话，选择最佳答案（每小题1分，共5分）听对话，选择最佳答案6．Whatisspecialaboutthesaguarocactus?A．ItgrowsintheArctic.B．Itcanliveforover150years.C．Itneedsalotofwater.D．It'sthesmallestcactus.7．Whyistheaxolotlamazing?A．Itcanregrowitslimbs.B．Itrunsfasterthanacheetah.C．Itfliesveryhigh.D．Iteatsonlybamboo.8．Howdomangrovetreeshelptheenvironment?A．Theyproducealotofoxygen.B．Theypreventsoilerosion.C．Theygrowveryslowly.D．Theyliveindeserts.9．Whatisthebiggestthreattopolarbears?A．Toomuchrain.B．Lackofbamboo.C．Meltingiceduetoclimatechange.D．Forestfires.10．Whatdoesthegirlsuggestdoingtoprotectseaturtles?A．Cutdownmoretrees.B．Throwplasticintotheocean.C．Reducebeachlightingatnight.D．Huntthemforfood.三、第一部分，听力，听短文，完成表格（每小题2分，共10分）听短文，完成表格Nature'sWonderUniqueAbilityHabitatThreatsProtectionMeasure11．CancloseitsleaveswhentouchedTropicalregionsDeforestation12．Pangolin13．GrasslandsinAfricaandAsiaIllegalhuntingStricterlawsagainsthunting14．CansurviveinextremeheatandcoldDesertsaroundtheworldLackofprotectionCreateprotectedareasCoralreefProvideshomeformanyseacreaturesWarmoceanwaters15．Reducepollutioninoceans四、第二部分，语言应用，完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）完形填空Thenaturalworldisfullofincrediblecreatureswithamazingabilities.Takethechameleon,forexample.Thisremarkablelizardcan16．itsskincolortomatchitssurroundings.Itdoesthistohidefrompredatorsandcommunicatewithotherchameleons.Anotheramazingcreatureistheaxolotl,atypeofsalamander.Unlikemostanimals,itcan17．lostlimbs,includinglegs,tails,andevenpartsofitsheartandbrain.Scientistsstudythisability,hopingtolearnhowtohelphumans18．frominjuries.Intheplantkingdom,theVenusflytrapistruly19．..Whenaninsectlandsonitsleaves,theplant20．.shutinlessthanasecond,trappingtheinsectinside.Itthendigeststheinsectfornutrients.Theseexamplesshowhowdiverseandclevernatureis.Eachcreature,nomatterhow21．,playsanimportantroleintheecosystem.Sadly,manyoftheseamazingspeciesare22．dangerduetohumanactivitieslikepollutionanddeforestation.Wemusttakeactionto23．them.Bylearningaboutthesecreaturesandtheirhabitats,wecanbetterunderstandhowtoliveinharmonywithnature.Remember,everysmallaction24．—whetherit'sreducingplasticuseorplantingatree.Ifwedon'tactnow,wemight25．theseincrediblecreaturesforever.Theiruniqueabilities26．inspirenewtechnologiesandmedicines.Fromthetiniestinsecttothelargestmammal,eachhassomethingspecialtooffer.Themorewelearnaboutnature,themorewerealizehow27．alllivingthingsare.Theyadapttosurvivein28．changingenvironments,showingremarkableresilience.There'sadelicatebalance29．allspecies.Protectingonehelpsprotectthemall.Ourfuturedependsonpreservingthewondersof30．.16．A．change B．keep C．lose D．show17．A．damage B．regrow C．remove D．hide18．A．recover B．suffer C．die D．escape19．A．common B．boringC．extraordinary D．simple20．A．opens B．shuts C．grows D．falls21．A．large B．small C．beautiful D．ugly22．A．in B．outof C．with D．without23．A．harm B．protect C．ignore D．sell24．A．helps B．hurts C．stops D．wastes25．A．find B．lose C．create D．destroy26．A．never B．always C．seldom D．sometimes27．A．different B．same C．difficult D．easy28．A．slowly B．quickly C．suddenly D．quietly29．A．through B．across C．between D．among30．A．nature B．city C．factory D．school五、第二部分，语言应用，阅读理解（每小题2分，共40分）阅读理解TheAxolotl:Nature'sHealingExpertTheaxolotlisauniquesalamanderthatlivesonlyinthelakesaroundMexicoCity.Whatmakesitsospecialisitsamazingabilitytoregrowbodyparts.Unlikehumans,whoformscarswheninjured,axolotlscanregrowentirelimbs,spinalcords,andevenpartsoftheirbrainsandhearts.Scientistsarestudyingaxolotlstounderstandhowthisregenerationworks.Theyhopetoapplythisknowledgetohelphumansrecoverfrominjuriesanddiseases.Forexample,peoplewhohavelostlimbsinaccidentsmightonedaybeabletoregrowthem,thankstowhatwelearnfromtheseamazingcreatures.Axolotlsarealsounusualbecausetheystayintheirlarvalformtheirwholelives.Mostsalamandersdevelopintoadultsandleavethewater,butaxolotlsremainaquaticandkeeptheirfeatherygills.Theycomeinvariouscolors,includingpink,white,andblack.Sadly,axolotlsarecriticallyendangered.Theirnaturalhabitatisshrinkingduetopollutionandurbandevelopment.Conservationeffortsareunderwaytoprotecttheseuniquecreatures,bothinthewildandincaptivity.Savingtheaxolotlisn'tjustimportantforthespeciesitself—itcouldalsoholdthekeytofuturemedicalbreakthroughs.31．Whatcanaxolotlsregrow?A．Onlytheirtails.B．Entirelimbsandbodyparts.C．Otheraxolotls.D．Nothing—theyheallikehumans.32．Whyarescientistsstudyingaxolotls?A．Tokeepthemaspets.B．Tolearnaboutregenerationforhumanmedicine.C．Toteachthemtoliveonland.D．Tomakethemchangecolors.33．Howareaxolotlsdifferentfrommostsalamanders?A．Theyliveonland.B．Theybecomeadultsquickly.C．Theystayinlarvalformtheirwholelives.D．Theyhavenogills.34．Whyareaxolotlsendangered?A．Theyregrowtoomanyparts.B．Theirhabitatisshrinking.C．Theylivetoolong.D．Scientistsstudythemtoomuch.35．Whatmightaxolotlresearchleadto?A．Newpetsforfamilies.B．Waystoregrowhumanbodyparts.C．Salamandersthatliveincities.D．Morepollutioninlakes.阅读理解MangroveForests:TheOcean'sProtectorsMangroveforestsarespecialecosystemsfoundalongtropicalcoastlines.Theseuniquetreesgrowinsaltwater,wherefewotherplantscansurvive.Theirrootsareexposedatlowtide,creatingacomplexnetworkthatlookslikeaforestunderwater.Mangrovesplayseveralimportantroles.Theirrootstrapsedimentandpreventsoilerosion,protectingcoastlinesfromstormsandwaves.Theyalsoprovideshelterformanymarinecreatures,includingfish,crabs,andbirds.Youngfishoftengrowupinmangroveforestsbeforemovingtotheopenocean.Theseforestsarealsoexcellentatabsorbingcarbondioxide,helpingtofightclimatechange.Theystoremorecarbonthanmostlandforests,makingthemimportantforkeepingourplanethealthy.Mangroveshavebeenusedbyhumansforcenturies.Peopleharvesttheirwoodforbuildingandusetheirleavesformedicine.However,over-harvestingandcoastaldevelopmenthavedestroyedmanymangroveforests.Conservationgroupsareworkingtoprotectandrestoremangroveecosystems.Theyteachlocalcommunitiesaboutsustainableharvestingandcreateprotectedareas.Savingmangroveshelpsbothwildlifeandpeoplewhodependonthesevaluableforests.36．Wherearemangroveforestsfound?A．Indeserts. B．Infreshwaterlakes.C．Alongtropicalcoastlines. D．Onmountaintops.37．Whatdomangroverootsdo?A．Theypreventsoilerosion. B．Theyproducealotoffruit.C．Theygrowveryslowly. D．Theyharmmarinecreatures.38．Whyaremangrovesimportantforclimatechange?A．Theycreatemorecarbondioxide.B．Theyabsorbcarbondioxide.C．Theycausestorms.D．Theymeltice.39．Howhavehumansusedmangroves?A．Forbuildingmaterialsandmedicine.B．Forfoodandpets.C．Forfuelandelectricity.D．Forclothingandcars.40．Whatareconservationgroupsdoingtoprotectmangroves?A．Cuttingthemdownforwood.B．Buildingcitiesonthem.C．Creatingprotectedareasandteachingsustainability.D．Pollutingtheirhabitat.阅读理解TheSaguaroCactus:ADesertGiantThesaguarocactusisaniconoftheAmericanSouthwest.Theseimpressiveplantscangrowover12meterstallandliveformorethan150years.Theydeveloptheirfirstarmwhenthey'reabout75yearsold,thoughsomenevergrowarmsatall.Saguarosareperfectlyadaptedtodesertlife.Theiraccordion-liketrunksexpandtostorewaterduringrarerainstorms.Alargesaguarocanholdupto800litersofwater—enoughtosurviveseveralyearsofdrought.Theirsharpspinesprotectthemfromanimalsseekingwater.Thesecactiareimportanttodesertecosystems.BirdsliketheGilawoodpeckercarveholesintheirtrunkstobuildnests.Whenthesebirdsmoveout,otheranimalsusetheholesforshelter.Saguaroflowersbloomatnightandarepollinatedbybatsandmoths.Thesweetredfruitprovidesfoodformanydesertcreatures,includingdeerandcoyotes.Saguarosgrowveryslowly—onlyabout2.5centimetersintheirfirsttenyears.Thismakesthemvulnerabletodamage.It'sillegaltoharmasaguaroinArizona,wheremostofthemgrow.Protectingthesegiantsensuresthatdesertecosystemsremainbalanced.41．Howtallcansaguarocactigrow?A．Over12meters. B．Over150meters.C．Over75meters. D．Over800meters.42．Howdosaguarossurvivedroughts?A．Theymovetofindwater.B．Theystorewaterintheirtrunks.C．Theydieandregrowlater.D．Theyeatotherplants.43．WhatdoGilawoodpeckersdowithsaguaros?A．Eattheirfruit.B．Drinktheirwater.C．Carveholesfornests.D．Usetheirspinesforprotection.44．Whyaresaguarosvulnerable?A．Theygrowveryquickly. B．Theygrowveryslowly.C．Theyhavenoprotection. D．Theylivetoolong.45．WhatisillegalinArizonaregardingsaguaros?A．Growingthem. B．Protectingthem.C．Harmingthem. D．Studyingthem.阅读理解CoralReefs:RainforestsoftheSeaCoralreefsareamongthemostdiverseecosystemsonEarth.Thoughtheycoverlessthan1%oftheoceanfloor,theyarehometoabout25%ofallmarinespecies.Thesecolorfulstructuresarebuiltbytinyorganismscalledcoralpolyps,whichliveincolonies.Coralshaveasymbioticrelationshipwithalgaethatliveintheirtissues.Thealgaeproducefoodusingsunlight,andthecoralsprovideshelterandnutrients.Thispartnershipgivesreefstheirvibrantcolors.Reefsareimportantformanyreasons.Theyprotectcoastlinesfromwavesandstorms,muchlikemangroves.Theyprovidefoodandincomeformillionsofpeoplewhofishinreefareas.Reefsalsoattracttourists,supportinglocaleconomies.Unfortunately,coralreefsareindanger.Risingoceantemperaturescausecoralbleaching,wherecoralslosetheiralgaeandturnwhite.Pollution,overfishing,andcoastaldevelopmentalsodamagereefs.It'sestimatedthathalfoftheworld'scoralreefshavebeenlostsincethe1950s.Protectingreefsrequiresreducingpollution,controllingfishing,andaddressingclimatechange.Manyorganizationsareworkingtorestoredamagedreefsbygrowingcoralinnurseriesandtransplantingittodegradedareas.Savingcoralreefsmeanssavingthousandsofspeciesthatdependonthem.46．Whatpercentageoftheoceanfloordocoralreefscover?A．Lessthan1%. B．About25%.C．About50%. D．Over75%.47．Whatlivesincoraltissuesandhelpsgivereefstheircolor?A．Fish. B．Algae. C．Humans. D．Rocks.48．Howdoreefshelppeople?A．Theyprovidefoodandincome.B．Theycreatehurricanes.C．Theyproduceoil.D．Theymakegoodbuildingmaterials.49．Whatcausescoralbleaching?A．Toomanyfish. B．Risingoceantemperatures.C．Toomuchshade. D．Coldwater.50．Whatareorganizationsdoingtorestorereefs?A．Removingallfish. B．Growingcoralinnurseries.C．Pollutingthewater. D．Buildingonreefs.六、第二部分，语言应用，情景对话选择题（每小题1分，共5分）51．A:Isawadocumentaryaboutaxolotlsyesterday.They'reamazing!B:____A．What'sspecialaboutthem? B．Wheredotheylive?C．Howoldarethey? D．Whatdotheyeat?52．A:____B:Theypreventsoilerosionandprovidehomesformarinecreatures.A．Whatdoyouthinkofpolarbears?B．Howdomangrovetreeshelptheenvironment?C．Wheredosaguarocactigrow?D．Whyarecoralreefscolorful?53．A:Manycoralreefsaredying.Whatcanwedotohelp?

B:____A．Usemoreplasticproducts.B．Pollutetheocean.C．Reducecarbonemissionsandrecycle.D．Overfishinreefareas.54．A:Whyisthesaguarocactusimportanttodesertanimals?

B:____A．Itprovidesfoodandshelter. B．Itlivesintheocean.C．Itgrowsveryquickly. D．Itcanfly.55．A:Doyouknowwhychameleonschangecolor?

B:____A．Toflybetter.B．Tohidefrompredatorsandcommunicate.C．Toswimfaster.D．Toeatmorefood.七、第三部分，词汇语法考察，词汇题（每小题1分，共15分）56．Theaxolotlhastheamazingabilityto（再生）lostbodyparts.57．Mangrovetreeshelp（防止）soilerosionalongcoastlines.58．Coralreefsarehometoa（多样的）rangeofmarinespecies.59．Thesaguarocactuscan（储存）largeamountsofwaterinitstrunk.60．Chameleonscan（改变）theirskincolortomatchtheirsurroundings.61．Manyspeciesarefacing（灭绝）duetohabitatloss.62．Scientistsarestudyingthesecreaturestomake（突破）inmedicine.63．TheVenusflytrapcan（捕捉）insectswithitsleaves.64．Conservationistsareworkingto（恢复）damagedecosystems.65．Desertplantshavespecial（适应能力）tosurviveindryconditions.66．The（栖息地）ofpolarbearsisshrinkingduetoclimatechange.67．Weneedtoreduceour（影响）onthenaturalenvironment.68．Batsplayanimportantrolein（授粉）night-bloomingflowers.69．Someanimalscan（伪装）themselvestoavoidpredators.70．（保护）effortsarenecessarytosaveendangeredspecies.八、第三部分，词汇语法考察，语法段落填空（每小题1分，共10分）语法段落填空Mangroveforests71．（be）importantecosystems.They72．（grow）incoastalareasand73．（protect）shorelinesfromstorms.Manyfish74．（use）mangrovesasnurseriesfortheiryoung.Scientists75．（study）mangrovesformanyyears.They76．（find）thattheseforests77．（absorb）morecarbonthanotherforests.Ifwe78．（destroy）mangroves,we79．（lose）animportanttoolinfightingclimatechange.We80．（need）toprotectmangrovesbyreducingpollutionandsupportingconservationprojects.九、第四部分，书面表达（15分）81．书面表达请以"ARemarkablePlantorAnimal"为题，写一篇不少于80词的英语短文，描述一种非凡的植物或动物。内容包括：1.这种植物或动物是什么；2.它有什么独特的能力或特征；3.它对生态系统有什么重要性；4.我们如何保护它。ARemarkablePlantorAnimal……

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．A3．A4．C5．A【解析】【听力原文】1.Howdoesabatfinditswayinthedark?2.Whatspecialabilitydocamelshave?3.IsthebristleconepineoneoftheoldestlivingthingsonEarth?4.Wheredoesthepoisondartfroglive?5.Whyisthechameleonconsideredanamazingcreature?【点评】考查听力理解能力。聚焦"动物/植物的特征与能力"，解题关键是明确问题核心（如"方式""能力""栖息地""原因"），从选项中筛选与问题直接相关、且符合客观事实的答案，避免被无关信息（如寿命、生存状态、主观经历）干扰。1．根据问题"Howdoesabatfinditswayinthedark?"（蝙蝠在黑暗中如何辨别方向？），需选择与"辨别方向的方式"相关的选项。A选项"Itusesecholocationtofindfood."（它利用回声定位寻找食物）：回声定位是蝙蝠在黑暗中导航和觅食的核心能力，直接回应"辨别方向"的机制，符合题意。B选项（生活在沙漠）、C选项（以草和树叶为食）、D选项（是爬行动物）均未涉及"黑暗中辨别方向的方式"，故排除。故答案为A。2．根据问题"Whatspecialabilitydocamelshave?"（骆驼有什么特殊能力？），需选择骆驼的独特能力。A选项"Theycansurvivewithoutwaterformonths."（它们可以数月不喝水生存）：骆驼在沙漠环境中储存水分、耐受干旱的能力是其标志性特殊能力，符合题意。B选项（是最大的动物）、C选项（生活在深海）、D选项（害怕人类）均不符合骆驼的实际特征，故排除。故答案为A。3．根据问题"IsthebristleconepineoneoftheoldestlivingthingsonEarth?"（狐尾松是地球上最古老的生物之一吗？），需明确回答"是"或"否"，且理由需匹配事实。A选项"Yes,it'stheoldestlivingthing."（是的，它是最古老的生物）：狐尾松是已知地球上寿命最长的树木之一，部分个体寿命超过5000年，属于"最古老的生物之一"，符合事实。B选项（否，它很小）、C选项（是，我去年种的）、D选项（否，它生长在海洋）均与狐尾松的实际属性（长寿、陆生、高大乔木）不符，故排除。故答案为A。4．根据问题"Wheredoesthepoisondartfroglive?"（箭毒蛙生活在哪里？），需选择栖息地相关选项。B选项"Intropicalrainforests."（在热带雨林中）：箭毒蛙主要分布在南美洲的热带雨林，是其典型栖息地，符合题意。A选项（存活约50年）回答"寿命"，C选项（通过捕捉小鱼觅食）与箭毒蛙以昆虫为食的习性不符，D选项（现在濒危）回答"生存状态"，均未回应"栖息地"，故排除。故答案为B。5．根据问题"Whyisthechameleonconsideredanamazingcreature?"（为什么变色龙被认为是神奇的生物？），需选择其独特特征作为理由。A选项"Becauseitcanchangecolor."（因为它能变色）：变色是变色龙最显著的神奇能力，用于伪装、调节体温和传递信号，直接回应"神奇的原因"，符合题意。B选项（我在纪录片里见过）、C选项（和变色龙相似）、D选项（1990年被发现）均未解释"神奇的原因"，故排除。故答案为A。【答案】6．B7．A8．B9．C10．C【解析】【听力原文】6.W:Ireadanarticleaboutthesaguarocactus.It'sreallyinteresting.M:What'sspecialaboutit?W:Itcanliveforover150yearsandstoreupto800litersofwater.7.M:Haveyouheardoftheaxolotl?It'satypeofsalamander.W:No,what'samazingaboutit?M:Itcanregrowitslimbs,includinglegs,tails,andevenpartsofitsheart.8.W:Howdomangrovetreeshelptheenvironment?M:Theirrootsholdthesoiltogetherandpreventerosion.Theyalsoprovidehomesformanyseacreatures.9.W:What'sthebiggestproblemfacingpolarbears?M:Climatechangeiscausingtheicetomelt,whichistheirmainhabitat.They'relosingtheirhomes.10.M:Whatcanwedotoprotectseaturtles?W:Weshouldreducebeachlightingatnight.Babyturtlescangetconfusedbybrightlightsandnotfindtheocean.【分析】文章大意：五段对话分别围绕巨人柱仙人掌的特别之处、美西钝口螈的神奇之处、红树林对环境的帮助、北极熊面临的最大威胁以及保护海龟的建议展开。【点评】考查听力理解能力。解题需抓住对话中问题与对应答语的关联，提取关键信息匹配选项，排除与原文不符的内容。6．根据听力材料中的语句"What'sspecialaboutit?"及其答语"Itcanliveforover150yearsandstoreupto800litersofwater."可知，巨人柱仙人掌的特别之处在于能存活150多年，故答案为B。7．根据听力材料中的语句"what'samazingaboutit?"及其答语"Itcanregrowitslimbs,includinglegs,tails,andevenpartsofitsheart."可知，美西钝口螈的神奇之处在于能再生肢体，故答案为A。8．根据听力材料中的语句"Howdomangrovetreeshelptheenvironment?"及其答语"Theirrootsholdthesoiltogetherandpreventerosion."可知，红树林通过防止土壤侵蚀来帮助环境，故答案为B。9．根据听力材料中的语句"What'sthebiggestproblemfacingpolarbears?"及其答语"Climatechangeiscausingtheicetomelt,whichistheirmainhabitat.They'relosingtheirhomes."可知，北极熊面临的最大威胁是气候变化导致的冰层融化，故答案为C。10．根据听力材料中的语句"Whatcanwedotoprotectseaturtles?"及其答语"Weshouldreducebeachlightingatnight."可知，女孩建议通过减少夜间海滩照明来保护海龟，故答案为C。【答案】11．Mimosapudica；12．Plantmoreinprotectedareas；13．Canrollintoaballtoprotectitself；14．Desertlizard；15．Risingoceantemperaturesandpollution【解析】【听力原文】Today,I'lltellyouaboutfouramazingwondersofnature.First,thesensitiveplant,alsoknownasmimosa.Ithasauniqueability:whenyoutouchitsleaves,theycloseupimmediately.ItgrowsintropicalregionslikeSouthAmericaandAsia.Unfortunately,deforestationisdestroyingitshabitat.Toprotectit,weneedtoplantmoreoftheseplantsinbotanicalgardens.Second,thepangolin.Thisunusualanimalhasscalesthatprotectitfrompredators.Whenindanger,itrollsintoaball,makingithardforpredatorstoattack.PangolinsliveingrasslandsinAfricaandAsia.They'rethreatenedbyillegalhuntingbecausetheirscalesareusedinsometraditionalmedicines.Stricterlawsagainsthuntingareneededtosavethem.Third,thedeserttortoise.Itcansurviveinextremetemperatures,bothveryhotandverycold.Itlivesindesertsaroundtheworld,includingtheSaharaandtheAmericanSouthwest.Themainthreatislackofprotection.Creatingprotectedareaswheretheycanlivesafelyisimportant.Finally,coralreefs.Thesecolorfulstructuresprovidehomesforthousandsofseacreatures.Theyliveinwarmoceanwatersneartheequator.Pollution,especiallyplasticwaste,andrisingwatertemperaturesaremajorthreats.Toprotectthem,weneedtoreducepollutioninouroceansandseas.【分析】文章介绍了四种自然界的奇妙事物，分别是含羞草、穿山甲、沙漠龟（答案给的沙漠蜥蜴存在误差，原文为沙漠龟）和珊瑚礁，阐述了它们各自独特的能力、栖息地、面临的威胁以及相应的保护措施。

【点评】考查听力理解能力，解题时要仔细聆听原文中关于每种自然奇观的独特能力、栖息地、威胁和保护措施的描述，准确提取关键信息来完成表格。11．根据听力材料中的语句"First,thesensitiveplant,alsoknownasmimosa."可知，第一种自然奇观是含羞草（Mimosapudica），故答案为Mimosapudica。12．根据听力材料中的语句"Toprotectit,weneedtoplantmoreoftheseplantsinbotanicalgardens."可知，保护含羞草的措施是在保护区多种植，故答案为Plantmoreinprotectedareas。13．根据听力材料中的语句"Whenindanger,itrollsintoaball,makingithardforpredatorstoattack."可知，穿山甲能卷成球来保护自己，故答案为Canrollintoaballtoprotectitself。14．根据听力材料中的语句"Third,thedeserttortoise.Itcansurviveinextremetemperatures,bothveryhotandverycold."以及表格中"Cansurviveinextremeheatandcold"的描述可知，沙漠蜥蜴能在极端高温和严寒中生存，故答案为Desertlizard。15．根据听力材料中的语句"Pollution,especiallyplasticwaste,andrisingwatertemperaturesaremajorthreats."可知，珊瑚礁面临的威胁是海洋温度上升和污染，故答案为Risingoceantemperaturesandpollution。【答案】16．A；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．B；21．B；22．A；23．B；24．A；25．B；26．B；27．A；28．B；29．D；30．A【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文通过介绍变色龙、美西螈、捕蝇草等自然生物的独特能力，展现了自然的多样性与神奇，同时指出许多物种因人类活动面临危险，呼吁人们采取行动保护自然，强调人与自然和谐共处及保护自然对未来的重要性。

【点评】考查完形填空。解题时需结合生物常识和上下文逻辑，理解生物特性与语境的关联，同时注意固定搭配（如indanger）和近义词（如diverse与different）的呼应，从选项中选出最符合语义和语法的答案。16．句意：这种非凡的蜥蜴能改变皮肤颜色以适应周围环境。change，改变，动词；keep，保持，动词；lose，失去，动词；show，展示，动词。根据文中"tomatchitssurroundings"可知，变色龙为了适应环境需要"改变"皮肤颜色，这是其典型特征，故答案为A。17．句意：与大多数动物不同，它能再生失去的肢体，包括腿、尾巴，甚至部分心脏和大脑。damage，损坏，动词；regrow，再生，动词；remove，移除，动词；hide，隐藏，动词。根据后文"Scientistsstudythisability,hopingtolearnhowtohelphumans..."可知，美西螈的特殊能力是"再生"肢体，这是科学家研究它的原因，故答案为B。18．句意：科学家研究这种能力，希望能学会如何帮助人类从伤病中恢复。recover，恢复，动词；suffer，遭受，动词；die，死亡，动词；escape，逃跑，动词。根据文中"frominjuries"可知，研究美西螈的再生能力是为了帮助人类从伤病中"恢复"，故答案为A。19．句意：在植物界，捕蝇草确实与众不同。common，普通的，形容词；boring，无聊的，形容词；extraordinary，非凡的、与众不同的，形容词；simple，简单的，形容词。根据后文"Whenaninsectlandsonitsleaves,theplant...shutinlessthanasecond,trappingtheinsectinside"可知，捕蝇草能快速闭合叶片捕捉昆虫，这种特性使其"与众不同"，故答案为C。20．句意：当昆虫落在它的叶片上时，这种植物会在不到一秒钟内闭合，将昆虫困在里面。opens，打开，动词；shuts，闭合，动词；grows，生长，动词；falls，落下，动词。根据文中"trappingtheinsectinside"可知，要困住昆虫，叶片需要"闭合"，故答案为B。21．句意：每种生物，无论多么渺小，在生态系统中都扮演着重要角色。large，大的，形容词；small，小的，形容词；beautiful，美丽的，形容词；ugly，丑陋的，形容词。根据前文列举的变色龙、美西螈、捕蝇草（部分体型较小）以及后文"Fromthetiniestinsecttothelargestmammal"可知，此处强调生物无论"大小"都很重要，"small"与"tiniest"呼应，故答案为B。22．句意：遗憾的是，由于污染和森林砍伐等人类活动，许多这种神奇的物种正处于危险之中。in，在……里，介词；outof，从……出来，介词；with，和……一起，介词；without，没有，介词。"indanger"是固定搭配，意为"处于危险之中"，符合文中物种因人类活动面临威胁的语境，故答案为A。23．句意：我们必须采取行动保护它们。harm，伤害，动词；protect，保护，动词；ignore，忽视，动词；sell，出售，动词。根据前文"manyoftheseamazingspeciesareindanger"可知，物种处于危险中，所以需要"保护"它们，故答案为B。24．句意：记住，每一个小小的行动都有帮助——无论是减少塑料使用还是种一棵树。helps，帮助，动词；hurts，伤害，动词；stops，停止，动词；wastes，浪费，动词。根据文中"reducingplasticuseorplantingatree"可知，这些小行动对保护自然有积极作用，即"有帮助"，故答案为A。25．句意：如果我们现在不行动，我们可能会永远失去这些神奇的生物。find，找到，动词；lose，失去，动词；create，创造，动词；destroy，破坏，动词。根据前文"manyoftheseamazingspeciesareindanger"可知，若不保护，物种可能会消失，即"失去"它们，故答案为B。26．句意：它们独特的能力总能启发新的技术和药物。never，从不，副词；always，总是，副词；seldom，很少，副词；sometimes，有时，副词。根据前文"Scientistsstudythisability,hopingtolearnhowtohelphumansrecoverfrominjuries"可知，生物的能力已为科学研究提供思路，结合语境，其能力"总能"带来启发，体现其重要性，故答案为B。27．句意：我们对自然了解得越多，就越能意识到所有生物都是多么不同。different，不同的，形容词；same，相同的，形容词；difficult，困难的，形容词；easy，容易的，形容词。根据前文"Theseexamplesshowhowdiverseandclevernatureis"可知，"diverse"（多样的）与"different"（不同的）语义相近，强调生物的多样性，故答案为A。28．句意：它们适应在快速变化的环境中生存，展现出非凡的适应力。slowly，缓慢地，副词；quickly，快速地，副词；suddenly，突然地，副词；quietly，安静地，副词。根据文中"showingremarkableresilience"（展现出非凡的适应力）可知，环境变化速度较快，才更能体现生物的适应能力，故答案为B。29．句意：所有物种之间都存在着微妙的平衡。through，穿过，介词；across，横跨，介词；between，在（两者）之间，介词；among，在（三者及以上）之间，介词。根据文中"allspecies"（所有物种，数量多于两者）可知，应用"among"表示"在多者之间"，故答案为D。30．句意：我们的未来取决于保护自然的奇迹。nature，自然，名词；city，城市，名词；factory，工厂，名词；school，学校，名词。全文围绕自然中的生物展开，强调保护自然的重要性，故此处应是"自然"的奇迹，故答案为A。【答案】31．B32．B33．C34．B35．B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美西螈这种独特的蝾螈，它能再生肢体、脊髓甚至部分脑和心脏，一生保持幼体形态，目前因栖息地缩小而濒危，科学家研究它以探索再生原理，其研究可能为人类医学带来突破。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做此类题需定位文中与各问题相关的关键语句，提取核心信息，逐一匹配选项，确保答案与原文内容一致。31．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Whatmakesitsospecialisitsamazingabilitytoregrowbodyparts.Unlikehumans,whoformscarswheninjured,axolotlscanregrowentirelimbs,spinalcords,andevenpartsoftheirbrainsandhearts."可知，美西螈能再生完整的肢体和身体部位，故答案为B。32．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Scientistsarestudyingaxolotlstounderstandhowthisregenerationworks.Theyhopetoapplythisknowledgetohelphumansrecoverfrominjuriesanddiseases."可知，科学家研究美西螈是为了了解再生原理，以便将其应用于人类医学，帮助人类康复，故答案为B。33．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Axolotlsarealsounusualbecausetheystayintheirlarvalformtheirwholelives.Mostsalamandersdevelopintoadultsandleavethewater,butaxolotlsremainaquaticandkeeptheirfeatherygills."可知，美西螈与大多数蝾螈的不同之处在于它们一生都保持幼体形态，故答案为C。34．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Sadly,axolotlsarecriticallyendangered.Theirnaturalhabitatisshrinkingduetopollutionandurbandevelopment."可知，美西螈濒危是因为它们的栖息地因污染和城市发展而不断缩小，故答案为B。35．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Savingtheaxolotlisn'tjustimportantforthespeciesitself—itcouldalsoholdthekeytofuturemedicalbreakthroughs."以及前文提到的科学家希望利用美西螈再生知识帮助人类可知，对美西螈的研究可能会带来再生人类身体部位的方法，故答案为B。【答案】36．C37．A38．B39．A40．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了红树林这一特殊生态系统，包括其生长位置（热带海岸线）、根系作用（防止水土流失）、对气候的意义（吸收二氧化碳）、人类对它的利用（木材建房、叶子制药）以及目前面临的破坏和环保组织的保护措施（传授可持续知识、建立保护区）。

【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需针对每个问题，在文中定位对应的关键语句，提取核心信息与选项匹配，确保答案准确贴合原文内容。36．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Mangroveforestsarespecialecosystemsfoundalongtropicalcoastlines."可知，红树林生长在热带海岸线沿岸，故答案为C。37．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Theirrootstrapsedimentandpreventsoilerosion,protectingcoastlinesfromstormsandwaves."可知，红树的根系能防止水土流失，故答案为A。38．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Theseforestsarealsoexcellentatabsorbingcarbondioxide,helpingtofightclimatechange."可知，红树林能吸收二氧化碳，这对应对气候变化很重要，故答案为B。39．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Peopleharvesttheirwoodforbuildingandusetheirleavesformedicine."可知，人类用红树的木材建房，用其叶子制药，即作为建筑材料和药材，故答案为A。40．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Conservationgroupsareworkingtoprotectandrestoremangroveecosystems.Theyteachlocalcommunitiesaboutsustainableharvestingandcreateprotectedareas."可知，环保组织通过向当地社区传授可持续采伐知识和建立保护区来保护红树林，故答案为C。【答案】41．A42．B43．C44．B45．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国西南部的标志性植物——巨人柱仙人掌，包括其生长高度、寿命、适应沙漠环境的特点（树干储水、尖刺防护），对沙漠生态系统的重要作用（为鸟类提供筑巢地、为动物提供食物和庇护所），以及生长缓慢易受伤害、在亚利桑那州受法律保护的情况。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做此类细节理解题，需精准定位文中与题干相关的语句，直接提取关键信息进行判断，避免因信息混淆或遗漏导致错误。41．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Theseimpressiveplantscangrowover12meterstallandliveformorethan150years."可知，巨人柱仙人掌能长到12米多高，故答案为A。42．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Theiraccordion-liketrunksexpandtostorewaterduringrarerainstorms.Alargesaguarocanholdupto800litersofwater—enoughtosurviveseveralyearsofdrought."可知，巨人柱仙人掌通过在树干中储存水分来度过干旱期，故答案为B。43．细节理解题。根据文中语句"BirdsliketheGilawoodpeckercarveholesintheirtrunkstobuildnests."可知，吉拉啄木鸟会在巨人柱仙人掌的树干上凿洞筑巢，故答案为C。44．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Saguarosgrowveryslowly—onlyabout2.5centimetersintheirfirsttenyears.Thismakesthemvulnerabletodamage."可知，巨人柱仙人掌生长非常缓慢，这使得它们容易受到伤害，故答案为B。45．