2026年人教版高中一年级英语第3单元语法练习题

2026年人教版高中一年级英语第3单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"lastweek"提示需要过去时态；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"yesterdayevening"提示需要过去时态；选项C中"since"连接的从句应使用一般过去时"started"，但主句"havefinished"为现在完成时，时态矛盾；选项D时态正确，"mustnot"表示一般性禁止，与"nextmonth"（将来时间）不冲突。2.下列句子中冠词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichbelongtomysister.B.IboughtanappleandabananaatthesupermarketlastSunday.C.Sheisthestudentwhoalwaysgetsthehighestscoreinourclass.D.CanyougivemesomeadviceabouthowtoimprovemyEnglish?参考答案：A解析：选项A中"thebook"前不应加冠词，因为"onthetable"已明确指代特定书籍；选项B中"apple"和"banana"为可数名词单数，前需加不定冠词；选项C中"thestudent"正确使用定冠词指代特定学生；选项D中"someadvice"正确，不可数名词前用不定冠词。3.根据第3单元语法规则，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.HearrivedatschoolontimelastTuesdaymorning.B.TheteacheraskedmewhattimedidIleavehomeyesterday.C.Sheisinterestedinplaythepianosinceshewasachild.D.Theywenttotheparkforawalkduringweekend.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"whattime"后从句应使用陈述语序"whattimeIleft"；选项C中"play"前应加不定冠词"toplay"；选项D中"weekend"前应加不定冠词"theweekend"；选项A中"ontime"和"lastTuesdaymorning"均符合介词使用规则。4.下列句子中非谓语动词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Isawagirlwhoissinginginthegardennow.B.Readingbookscanhelpyouimproveyourvocabulary.C.Shedecidedtojointheclubbecauseshewanttomeetnewfriends.D.Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttowatchTV.参考答案：C解析：选项C中"tojoin"为不定式表目的，但主句主语"she"需使用动词原形"want"；选项A中"whoissinging"为定语从句，时态正确；选项B中"Reading"为动名词作主语，结构正确；选项D中"Havingfinished"为现在分词作状语，逻辑关系正确。5.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中主谓一致使用正确的一项。A.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowtheanswertothisquestion.B.Eachofthestudentshastheirowncomputerintheclassroom.C.Therearemanybooksontheshelfwhichisbelongtomyfather.D.Theboxcontainsthreeapplesandsomeoranges,theyareveryfresh.参考答案：A解析：选项A中"neither...nor..."连接主语时，谓语动词与靠近的主语"teacher"保持一致（单数）；选项B中"Eachof"后谓语动词应为单数"has"；选项C中"whichisbelong"应为"whichbelongs"；选项D中"they"前缺少连词"and"或需改为复数谓语"are"。6.下列句子中时态使用错误的是哪一项？A.Ifitraintomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.ShehasbeentoLondontwice,butshenevervisitedParis.C.Mybrotherwillcallmeassoonashearriveattheairport.D.TheywerediscussingthenewmoviewhenIenteredtheroom.参考答案：A解析：选项A中条件状语从句"ifitrain"应使用一般现在时"rains"；选项B中"hasbeento"和"nevervisited"时态逻辑正确；选项C中"assoonas"后从句应使用一般现在时"arrives"；选项D中"werediscussing"为过去进行时，符合语境。7.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.Thisisthebookwhichmysisterlostlastweek.B.Everystudentinourclassmustbringtheirownnotebooktomorrow.C.SheaskedmeifIcouldhelpherwithherhomework.D.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheymustnottalkduringtheexam.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"which"指代物时应用"that"；选项B中"theirownnotebook"正确使用宾格代词；选项C中"herhomework"应为"herownhomework"；选项D中"they"指代复数学生时，"mustnot"前需加定冠词"the"。8.下列句子中连词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Sheissmartandsheworksveryhardeveryday.B.Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk.C.Hedidnotstudyforthetest,sohefailedtheexam.D.EitheryouapologizeorIwillleavetheparty.参考答案：A解析：选项A中并列句应使用分号或句号断开，直接用"and"连接错误；选项B中"Although"引导让步状语从句正确；选项C中"so"引导结果状语从句正确；选项D中"Either...or..."连接主句时，谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致（单数"you"）。9.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisinterestedintoplaythepianobecauseshehasbeenpracticingforyears.B.Heisgoodattoswimandhehaswonmanycompetitions.C.Weneedtoworkhardinordertopassthefinalexam.D.Shedecidedtogiveupsmokingbecauseshewanttobehealthier.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"interestedin"后应跟动名词"playing"；选项B中"goodat"后应跟动名词"swimming"；选项C中"workhard"为固定搭配，结构正确；选项D中"giveup"后跟动名词"smoking"，"want"应为"wantto"。10.下列句子中固定句型使用错误的是哪一项？A.Itisimportantforyoutofinishyourhomeworkbeforegoingtobed.B.Sheissupposedtoarriveattheairportat8:00AMtomorrow.C.Iwouldratherstayhomethangotothepartytonight.D.Hemadesurethathewouldnotforgethiskeyswhenheleftthehouse.参考答案：D解析：选项D中"madesurethat"后从句应使用一般现在时"wouldnotforget"，但实际语境需要一般过去时"didnotforget"；选项A中"itisimportantforsb.todosth."结构正确；选项B中"besupposedto"表义务正确；选项C中"wouldratherdo...thando..."结构正确。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Lastweekend,myfamily______(go)tothebeach,butit______(rain)heavily,sowe______(have)tostayhomeinstead.参考答案：went,rained,had解析：第一空描述过去事实，用一般过去时"go"；第二空"itrained"为原因状语从句，用一般过去时；第三空"hadtostay"表被迫行为，用一般过去时。2.Ifyou______(study)harderthissemester,you______(pass)theEnglishexamwithhighmarks.参考答案：study,willpass解析：条件状语从句"if"后用一般现在时"study"，主句用一般将来时"willpass"。3.Theteacheraskedthestudents______(explain)howthey______(solve)themathproblem.参考答案：toexplain,hadsolved解析："asksb.todo"结构，不定式"toexplain"；宾语从句"how"后用过去完成时"solved"。4.Sheisinterested______(play)theguitar,butshedoesnothaveenoughtime______(practice)itregularly.参考答案：inplaying,topractice解析："beinterestedindoing"结构，动名词"playing"；"havetimetodo"结构，不定式"topractice"。5.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______(know)thecorrectanswertothisquestion,sothey______(have)toaskthelibrarian.参考答案：knows,have解析："neither...nor..."主语靠近"teacher"，谓语动词用单数"knows"；主句"theyhave"表现在事实，用一般现在时。6.Bythetimetheyarrivedattheparty,themovie______(alreadystart).参考答案：hadalreadystarted解析："bythetime"后从句用一般过去时"arrived"，主句用过去完成时"hadstarted"。7.Youshould______(noteat)toomuchjunkfoodifyouwant______(stay)healthy.参考答案：nottoeat,tostay解析："shouldnotdo"结构，不定式"nottoeat"；"wanttodo"结构，不定式"tostay"。8.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibrary______(write)byafamousauthorandit______(interest)meverymuch.参考答案：waswritten,interested解析："which"指代物，定语从句用一般过去时"waswritten"；主句"interested"表过去感受，用一般过去时。9.Itisimportant______(take)notesduringthelecturebecausethey______(help)youreviewthemateriallater.参考答案：totake,willhelp解析："itisimportanttodo"结构，不定式"totake"；主句表将来事实，用一般将来时"willhelp"。10.IfI______(have)moremoneynextyear,I______(travel)toJapanforasummervacation.参考答案：had,wouldtravel解析："if"引导虚拟条件句，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时"had"；主句用"woulddo"结构"wouldtravel"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.在英语中，"either...or..."连接主句时，谓语动词应与靠近的主语保持一致。（正确）解析：如"Eitherthestudentsortheteacherislate"，靠近的主语是"teacher"，谓语动词用单数"is"。2.当名词前有"this/that/the"等限定词时，必须使用定冠词。（错误）解析：如"Thisismybook"中不需要定冠词，但"Thebookisonthetable"中需要。3."beinterestedindoing"和"beinterestedintodo"两种表达方式均正确。（错误）解析：正确结构为"beinterestedindoing"，不能加不定式"todo"。4.在英语中，"mustnot"和"cannot"表示相同的意思，可以互换使用。（错误）解析："mustnot"表禁止，"cannot"表能力或可能性，不能互换。5.当主语是"everyone/someone/nobody"等不定代词时，谓语动词必须使用复数形式。（错误）解析："Everyoneishappy"，靠近的主语"Everyone"是单数，谓语用"is"。6."Itisimportantforyoutodosth."和"Youshoulddosth."表达的意思完全相同。（错误）解析："Itisimportantforyou"强调客观必要性，"Youshould"强调主观建议。7.在英语中，"sothat"引导目的状语从句时，从句谓语动词必须使用一般现在时。（错误）解析：如"IstudyhardsothatIcanpasstheexam"，从句用一般现在时"study"。8.当名词前有多个形容词修饰时，必须按固定顺序排列。（正确）解析：如"abeautifuloldhouse"，顺序为：限定词+描绘性形容词+大小/形状+颜色+国籍+材料+用途。9."IwouldratherdoAthandoB"结构中，A和B必须使用相同动词形式。（正确）解析：如"Iwouldratherstayhomethangototheparty"，两个动词均为原形。10.在英语中，"makesurethat"后从句必须使用一般现在时。（错误）解析：如"Hemadesurethathewouldnotforget"，从句用一般将来时"wouldnotforget"。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.简述一般现在时和一般过去时的主要区别。解析：一般现在时用于描述经常性动作或客观事实，动词用原形（第三人称单数加-s）；一般过去时用于描述过去发生的具体动作或状态，动词用过去式。例如："Heplaysbasketball"（一般现在时）vs"Heplayedbasketball"（一般过去时）。2.解释"besupposedtodo"结构的用法和含义。解析：表示义务、责任或预期，常用于正式场合。如"Sheissupposedtoarriveat8PM"（应该8点到达）；"Youarenotsupposedtosmokehere"（这里禁止吸烟）。3.说明"either...or..."和"neither...nor..."连接主句时谓语动词的确定规则。解析：靠近的主语决定谓语形式。如"Eitherthestudentsortheteacherislate"（靠近"teacher"，用"is"）；"Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherarelate"（靠近"students"，用"are"）。4.比较不定式"todo"和动名词"doing"在用法上的主要区别。解析：-作主语：如"TolearnEnglishisimportant"vs"LearningEnglishisimportant"；-作宾语：如"Iwanttoeat"vs"Ienjoyeating"；-作表语：如"Myplanistogoabroad"vs"Myhobbyisswimming"；-后接动词时：如"asksb.todo"vs"asksb.aboutdoing"。5.解释"makesurethat"结构的用法和含义。解析：表示确保某事发生，后从句通常使用虚拟语气（一般现在时或一般将来时）。如"Hemadesurethathewouldarriveontime"（他确保会准时到达）。6.说明在英语中何时使用定冠词"the"。解析：-指代特定事物：如"Thesunisshining"；-指代独一无二的事物：如"TheEarthrevolvesaroundthesun"；-指代上文提到的事物：如"Iboughtabook.Thebookisinteresting"；-与形容词连用表示类别：如"Therichandthepoor"。7.解释"wouldratherdoAthandoB"结构的用法和含义。解析：表示更倾向于做A而不是B，A和B必须使用动词原形。如"Iwouldratherstayhomethangototheparty"（我宁愿在家也不想去参加派对）。8.说明在英语中何时使用现在完成时。解析：-过去动作对现在有影响：如"Ihavefinishedmyhomework"（作业已完成，可以交）；-过去开始并持续到现在的动作：如"Shehaslivedheresince2010"（2010年起住在这里，至今）；-表示过去的经验：如"IhavebeentoLondontwice"（去过伦敦两次）。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。MyfriendTomoften______(go)tothegymafterwork,butlastweekhe______(break)hislegwhile______(play)basketball.Nowhe______(notrecover)yet,sohe______(notgo)tothegym.Hisdoctortoldhimthathe______(need)torestforatleasttwomonthsbeforehe______(be)abletoexerciseagain.参考答案：goes,broke,playing,hasn'trecovered,isn'tgoing,willbe解析：第一空描述习惯，用一般现在时"goes"；第二空"whileplaying"为过去进行时，主句用一般过去时"broke"；第三空"break"为过去分词；第四空"hasn'trecovered"为现在完成时；第五空"notgo"表现在否定；第六空"willbe"表将来。2.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。IfI______(have)moretimenextweekend,I______(visit)themuseumwithmysister.She______(alreadysee)mostoftheexhibitsthere,butshewantstoseethenewexhibition.I______(notdecide)yetwhetherI______(go)ornotbecauseI______(have)alotofhomeworktofinish.参考答案：had,wouldvisit,hasalreadyseen,haven'tdecided,willgo,have解析：条件状语从句"if"后用一般过去时"had"；主句用"woulddo"结构"wouldvisit"；"hasalreadyseen"为现在完成时；"haven'tdecided"为现在完成时；"willgo"表将来；"have"为现在完成时。3.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Theteacheraskedthestudentswhythey______(notfinish)theirhomeworklastnight.Someofthemsaidthey______(study)forthemathtestuntilmidnight,butthey______(get)distractedbytheirphones.Theteachertoldthemthatitwasimportanttoavoiddistractionswhen______(study)becausethey______(need)toconcentrate.参考答案：didn'tfinish,hadbeenstudying,got,studying,need解析：第一空"why"后从句用一般过去时"didn'tfinish"；第二空"untilmidnight"为过去完成时"hadbeenstudying"；第三空"getdistracted"为过去式；第四空"whenstudying"为现在分词作状语；第五空"need"为一般现在时。4.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Myparentsalways______(tell)methatitisimportanttobehonest.Lastyear,I______(lie)tomyteacheraboutmygrades,butI______(feel)guiltyforweeksafterward.NowI______(learn)frommymistakeandI______(promise)myselfnevertodothatagain.参考答案：tell,lied,felt,havelearned,promise解析：第一空描述习惯，用一般现在时"tell"；第二空"aboutmygrades"为过去式"lied"；第三空"forweeks"为过去完成时"felt"；第四空"frommymistake"为现在完成时"havelearned"；第五空"promise"为一般现在时。5.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Ifyou______(be)inLondonnextsummer,you______(visit)theBritishMuseum.Therearemanyinterestingexhibitsthere,suchastheRosettaStoneandtheElginMarbles.MyfriendSarah______(alreadysee)themlastyear,butshesaidthey______(be)worthseeingagain.参考答案：were,wouldvisit,hasalreadyseen,wouldbe解析：条件状语从句"if"后用一般过去时"were"；主句用"woulddo"结构"wouldvisit"；"hasalreadyseen"为现在完成时；"worthseeingagain"为虚拟语气，从句用"wouldbe"。6.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Thecoachaskedtheplayerswhythey______(notpractice)harderlastweek.Someofthemsaidthey______(have)toomuchhomework,butothers______(be)tiredafterpractice.Thecoachtoldthemthatsuccess______(need)hardworkanddedication,andthey______(have)topushthemselvesifthey______(want)toimprove.参考答案：didn'tpractice,had,were,needs,have,want解析：第一空"why"后从句用一般过去时"didn'tpractice"；第二空"toomuchhomework"为过去式"had"；第三空"afterpractice"为过去式"were"；第四空"successneeds"为一般现在时；第五空"haveto"表必须；第六空"want"为一般现在时。7.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Mysisteralways______(tell)methatitisimportanttosavemoney.Lastmonth,I______(spend)allmymoneyonanewphone,butnowI______(realize)thatI______(nothave)enoughmoneyformytripnextmonth.ShetoldmethatI______(need)tocutbackonmyexpensesifI______(want)togo.参考答案：tells,spent,haverealized,didn'thave,need,want解析：第一空描述习惯，用一般现在时"tells"；第二空"onanewphone"为过去式"spent"；第三空"enoughmoney"为现在完成时"haverealized"；第四空"formytrip"为过去式"didn'thave"；第五空"need"为一般现在时；第六空"want"为一般现在时。8.阅读以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。IfI______(have)achancetotraveltoJapannextyear,I______(visit)TokyoandKyoto.Tokyoisabigcitywithmanymodernattractions,suchastheTokyoTowerandtheShibuyaCrossing.Kyotoisabeautifulcitywithmanyancienttemples,butmyfriendAlice______(alreadysee)mostofthemlastyear.Shesaidthey______(be)verypeacefulandbeautiful.参考答案：had,wouldvisit,is,hasalreadyseen,wouldbe解析：条件状语从句"if"后用一般过去时"had"；主句用"woulddo"结构"wouldvisit"；"modernattractions"为一般现在时"is"；"lastyear"为现在完成时"hasalreadyseen"；"peacefulandbeautiful"为虚拟语气，从句用"wouldbe"。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.A3.A4.C5.A6.A7.B8.A9.C10.D二、填空题1.went,rained,had2.study,willpass3.toexplain,hadsolved4.inplaying,topractice5.knows,have6.hadalreadystarted7.nottoeat,tostay8.waswritten,interested9.totake,willhelp10.had,wouldtravel三、判断题1.正确2.错误3.错误4.错误5.错误6.错误7.错误8.正确9.正确10.错误四、简答题1.一般现在时用于描述经常性动作或客观事实，动词用原形（第三人称单数加-s）；一般过去时用于描述过去发生的具体动作或状态，动词用过去式。例如："Heplaysbasketball"（一般现在时）vs"Heplayedbasketball"（一般过去时）。2."besupposedtodo"表示义务、责任或预期，常用于正式场合。如"Sheissupposedtoarriveat8PM"（应该8点到达）；"Youarenotsupposedtosmokehere"（这里禁止吸烟）。3."either...or..."和"neither...nor..."连接主句时，谓语动词应与靠近的主语保持一致。如"Eitherthestudentsortheteacherislate"（靠近"teacher"，用"is"）；"Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherarelate"（靠近"students"，用"are"）。4.不定式"todo"和动名词"doing"在用法上的主要区别：-作主语：如"TolearnEnglishisimportant"vs"LearningEnglishisimportant"；-作宾语：如"Iwanttoeat"vs"Ienjoyeating"；-作表语：如"Myplanistogoabroad"vs"Myhobbyisswimming"；-后接动词时：如"asksb.todo"vs"asksb.aboutdoing"。5."makesurethat"结构的用法和含义：表示确保某事发生，后从句通常使用虚拟语气（一般现在时或一般将来时）。如"Hemadesurethathewouldarriveontime"（他确保会准时到达）。6.在英语中何时使用定冠词"the"：-指代特定事物：如"Thesunisshining；-指代独一无二的事物：如"TheEarthrevolvesaroundthesun；-指代上文提到的事物：如"Iboughtabook.Thebookisinteresting；-与形容词连用表示类别：如"Therichandthepoor"。7."wouldratherdoAthandoB"结构的用法和含义：表示更倾向于做A而不是B，A和B必须使用动词原形。如"Iwouldratherstayhomethangototheparty"（我宁愿在家也不想去参加派对）。8.在英语中何时使用现在完成时：-过去动作对现在有影响：如"Ihavefinishedmyhomework"（作业已完成，可以交）；-过去开始并持续到现在的动作：如"Shehaslivedheresince2010"（2010年起住在这里，至今）；-表示过去的经验：如"IhavebeentoLondontwice"（去过伦敦两次）。五、应用题1.MyfriendTomoften______(go)tothegymafterwork,butlastweekhe______(break)hislegwhile______(play)basketball.Nowhe______(notrecover)yet,sohe______(notgo)tothegym.Hisdoctortoldhimthathe______(need)torestforatleasttwomonthsbeforehe______(be)abletoexerciseagain.参考答案：goes,broke,playing,hasn'trecovered,isn'tgoing,willbe解析：第一空描述习惯，用一般现在时"goes"；第二空"whileplaying"为过去进行时，主句用一般过去时"broke"；第三空"break"为过去分词；第四空"forweeks"为现在完成时"hasn'trecovered"；第五空"notgo"表现在否定；第六空"willbe"表将来。2.IfI______(have)moretimenextweekend,I______(visit)themuseumwithmysister.She______(alreadysee)mostoftheexhibitsthere,butshewantstoseethenewexhibition.I______(notdecide)yetwhetherI______(go)ornotbecauseI______(have)alotofhomeworktofinish.参考答案：had,wouldvisit,hasalreadyseen,haven'tdecided,willgo,have解析：条件状语从句"if"后用一般过去时"had"；主句用"woulddo"结构"wouldvisit"；"hasalreadyseen"为现在完成时；"haven'tdecided"为现在完成时；"willgo"表将来；"have"为现在完成时。3.Theteacheraskedthestudentswhythey______(notfinish)theirhomeworklastnight.Someofthemsaidthey______(study)forthemathtestuntilmidnight,butthey______(get)distractedbytheirphones.Theteachertoldthemthatitwasimportanttoavoiddistractionswhen______(study)becausethey______(need)toconcentrate.参考答案：didn'tfinish,hadbeenstudying,got,studying,need解析：第一空"why"后从句用一般过去时"didn'tfinish"；第二空"untilmidnight"为过去完成时"hadbeenstudying"；第三空"getdistracted"为过去式；第四空"whenstudying"为现在分词作状语；第五空"need"为一般现在时。4.Myparentsalways______(tell)methatitisimportanttobehonest.Lastyear,I______(lie)tomyteacheraboutmygrades,butI______(feel)guiltyforweeksafterward.NowI______(learn)frommymistakeandI______(promise)myselfnevertodothatagain.参考答案：tells,lied,felt,havelearned,promise解析：第一空描述习惯，用一般现在时"tells"；第二空"aboutmygrades"为过去式"lied"；第三空"forweeks"为过去完成时"felt"；第四空"frommymistake"为现在完成时"havelearned"；第五空"promise"为一般现在时。5.Ifyou______(be)inLondonnextsummer,you______(visit)theBritishMuseum.Therearemanyinterestingexhibitsthere,suchast