专题06 完形填空（10年汇编）2017-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编（解析版）

高考真题分类解析PAGE试卷第=1页，共=sectionpages33页PAGE1专题06完形填空考点分类十年考情（2017-2026）命题规律考点01词义辨析题（实词类）每套试卷占比最高，单卷12-15题，占完形填空总题量的80%-100%；2026全国一二卷、2025-2017全部全国卷均重点考查；核心覆盖动词、名词、形容词、副词四大实词，其中动词占比最高（单卷6-8题），其次是名词（3-5题）、形容词（2-4题）、副词（1-2题）传统：单句/单段内词义辨析，结合局部语境即可判断；创新：多段落语境下的词义辨析，需结合全文情感色彩、人物态度、主旨走向判断，近义实词辨析难度提升，需区分细微语义差别考点02逻辑关系题026全国一二卷、2025全国一卷、2023-2017全部全国卷均稳定考查，单卷2-3题；多为句间、段间逻辑衔接，覆盖转折、因果、递进、让步、并列、条件六大逻辑关系，其中转折、因果占比最高传统：单句内逻辑连词/副词辨析，结合前后句语义即可判断；创新：跨段落逻辑关系判断，需结合全文叙事脉络、情感转折综合判断，无明显逻辑标志词，需依托上下文语义推导考点03固定搭配/习语题2026全国一卷、2024全国一卷、2022全国一卷、2020全国一卷、2017多套试卷均有考查，单卷1-2题；多为动词短语、介词短语、固定习语，覆盖高考大纲核心固定搭配传统：固定短语的直接辨析，依托记忆即可判断；创新：固定搭配在特定语境下的语义活用，需结合上下文判断搭配的语义适配性，而非单纯记忆考点04上下文语境/语篇理解题2026全国一二卷、2025全国一卷、2023-2017全部全国卷均重点考查，单卷3-5题；多为语篇复现、情感色彩判断、主旨呼应，覆盖全文叙事逻辑、人物情感变化传统：单段内的原词复现、语义复现，结合局部语境即可判断；创新：跨多段落的语篇呼应、全文主旨的隐性匹配，需整合全文多处信息，判断符合人物情感、叙事走向的词汇，无直接原文提示Passage1（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IgrewupinalittletowninnortheastOhio.The41________ofhowlittlepeopleknewaboutOhiocamequicklyafterIwenttoschoolincentralPennsylvania.ThoughIlived42________threeandahalfhoursaway,mostofmyclassmatesthoughtofOhioasawholedifferentworld.“Doyouhavetoflyhome?Doyouliveonafarm?”The43________werenever-ending.Iwasa44________intheireyes.AsIgrowolder,I’mmoreandmore45________formysmalltownroots.Sure,myfriendsandIlovedto46________abouthowboredwewereinthemiddleofnowhere;47________,asIfinishupmyjunioryearofcollege,I’mconvincedthatittook48________oursmalltowntorealizehowmuchweactuallyloveditandwhatexactlywelovedaboutit.Thepaceoflifeisslowandpeople49________connectingtoeachother.Youdomorethanjusttalktoyourneighbors—inalotofcases,they’retrulyan50________ofyourfamily.Muchofthis51________centersaroundbeingoutsideandknowingtheinsandoutsofthetown;beingpresentandmindfulofyour52________isacriticalpartoftheculture.AsImovethroughmycollegeyears,I53________thevisitstomylittlehometown.Iamgratefulforthe54________thatIhadgrowingupandknowthatwherevermynextadventuretakesme,Ican55________mysmalltownrootstoleadmeintherightdirection.A.fantasyB.prejudiceC.realizationD.expectationA.onlyB.indeedC.stillD.evenA.testsB.questionsC.gamesD.debatesA.SuccessB.victimC.noveltyD.problemA.thankfulB.hopefulC.suitableD.reliableA.dreamB.lieC.hearD.complainA.thereforeB.howeverC.insteadD.otherwiseA.touringB.changingC.leavingD.protectingA.valueB.admitC.fearD.rememberA.advantageB.exampleC.honorD.extensionA.lifestyleB.landscapeC.procedureD.personalityA.FindingsB.surroundingsC.belongingsD.greetingsA.giveupB.putoffC.faceuptoD.lookforwardtoA.confidenceB.reputationC.experienceD.opportunity55.A.inspireB.trustC.remindD.challenge【答案】41—45CABCA46—50DBCAD51—55ABDCB【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者离开俄亥俄小镇去外地上学后，从最初被同学视为“新奇事物”到逐渐感恩小镇根脉的心路历程，表达了对小镇慢节奏生活和深厚人际纽带的眷恋与珍视。【详解】C根据下文同学们对俄亥俄州知之甚少，纷纷问出DoyouhavetofIyhome?Doyouliveonafarm?等问题可知，作者去宾夕法尼亚上学后不久就“认识到”(realization)人们对我的家乡了解之少。42.A根据下文threeandahalfhoursaway及mostofmyclassmatesthoughtofOhioasawholedifferentworld可知，三个半小时的距离实际上很近，但同学们却觉得很远，A项only可强调这个短距离，与后文“awholedifferentworld”形成反差。even表示递进，但文中没有更远的距离作对比;still和indeed都无法体现“距离实际很近但觉得远”的反差。43.B根据上文Doyouhavetoflyhome?Doyouliveonafarm?可知,这些都是同学们提出的“问题”(questions)，与never-ending搭配表示问题没完没了，直接呼应上文两个问句。44.C根据上文同学们对俄亥俄州几乎一无所知、问出各种离谱问题可知，在同学眼中作者来自一个陌生之地，是个新奇的存在(novelty)，体现因不了解而产生的陌生感与好奇感。45.A根据下文I'mconvincedthatittook48oursmalltowntorealizehowmuchweactuallylovedit以及Iamgratefulfor可知,随着年龄增长,作者越来越感恩(thankfu1)小镇根脉，与最后一段中的grateful形成语义呼应。46.D根据下文howboredwewereinthemiddleofnowhere可知,朋友们]感到无聊，自然会抱怨(complain)，这里表达了对家乡乏味的不满。47.B根据上文朋友们对家乡的无聊感受以及下文作者意识到自己其实深爱小镇可知，前后语义构成转折，因此however符合语境。48.C根上文IwenttoschoolincentralPennsylvania以及下文torealizehowmuchweactuallylovedit(其中it指代oursmalltown)可知,作者是离开(leaving)小镇后才意识到自己有多爱它。49.A根下文connectingtoeachother以及Youdomorethanjusttalktoyourneighbors可知，人们主动积极地与他人建立联系，认为这件事重要，A项value符合语境。50.D根据上文Youdomorethanjusttalktoyourneighbors以及inalotofcases,they'retrulyan_50_ofyourfamily可知，邻的关系已经超出了普通邻里的范畴(extension)，更像是家人。51.A上文Muchofthis中的this指代前一段描述的“慢节奏、人们重视彼此联系、邻居像家人”等一系列特征，再结合下文centersaroundbeingoutsideandknowingtheinsandoutsofthetown(围绕户外活动和对小镇了如指掌)可知，空白处需要一个词来概括这些不同侧面的共同属性，A项lifestyle(日常生活方式)符合句意。52.B根据上文beingpresentandmindfulofyour52以及前一分句beingoutsideandknowingtheinsandoutsofthetown(在户外、熟悉小的里里外外)可知，这两个动作都是关于周围环境(surroundings)，surroundings和theinsandoutsofthetown语义连贯，共同描绘融入小镇生活的画面。53.D根据下文Iamgratefulfor...以及全文的感恩基调可知，作者对“回小镇探访”这件事的态度是积极的、盼望的(lookforwardto)。54.C根据上文Igrewupinalittletown以及全文对小镇生活的具体描述(慢节奏、邻里关系、户外文化等)可知，作者感激的不是某一个具体的“机会”或“荣誉”，而是整个成长过程中所拥有的各种体验和经历(experience)。55.B根据上文作者多次表达对小镇生活的珍视以及本句Ican55mysmalltownrootstoleadmeintherightdirection可知，作者认为小根基能引导自己走向正确方向，因此他对这份根基的态度应是信赖(trust)，且trust5somethingtodosomething是常见搭配。Passage2（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IneverthoughtIcouldbeawriter.Ididn’tcomefromafamilyconnectedtotheworld,whichIperceivedasamajor42.Aftermyundergraduatedegree,convincedthatwritingwasn’tforme,I43tostudyteaching.Thencameanafternoonthat44everything.Iwasteachingpoetry,encouragingstudentstowriteabouttheir45.Andthen,attheendofthelesson,onechildaskedmeaquestion:“Haveyoualwayswantedtobea46,Miss?”IexplainedthatwhenIwashisage,Iactuallywantedtobeawriter,butIdidn’tthinkIquitehadwhatit47.Theboyrepliedwitha48look,“Wellyouaretellingustoliveourdreamswhenyouhaven’tevendoneityourself.Haveyoueven49?”Iwasstruckspeechless—hewas50.WhowasIto51themonbraveryandriskwhenIhadnevertakenmyselfnormyown52seriously?Onthebasisofthat53Iappliedtogobacktouniversityandstudycreativewriting.ThereweretimeswhenIfoundmyselfwonderingifIshouldpackitallin,buttheboy’swordskeptringinginmyears.IknewIneedednothingelsetosucceedbutabitof54andhardwork.I55tofindawayoutofmyshameandintoapatternofworkthatIloved.41.A.medical B.artistic C.scientific D.literary42.A.subject B.problem C.event D.breakthrough43.A.steppedaside B.gotup C.wentoff D.turnedback44.A.changed B.ruined C.revealed D.interrupted45.A.hobbies B.families C.dreams D.lessons46.A.writer B.teacher C.reporter D.publisher47.A.kept B.left C.held D.took48.A.satisfied B.guilty C.grateful D.disapproving49.A.tried B.noticed C.asked D.waited50.A.rude B.right C.shy D.silent51.A.examine B.congratulate C.lecture D.consult52.A.values B.imagination C.inspiration D.desires53.A.cooperation B.conversation C.administration D.explanation54.A.self-belief B.know-how C.brainstorming D.teamwork55.A.remembered B.agreed C.managed D.hesitated【答案】41—45DBCAC46—50BDDAB51—55CDBAC【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者未经尝试就放弃写作梦想，转而教书。然而有学生指出作者从未尝试过实现自己的梦想，却教导他人追梦，这促使她做出改变，最终找到热爱的事业。【详解】41.D根据段句IneverthoughtIcouldbeawriter.可知，作者谈论的是有关作家的事情，因此这里是在进一步解释原因，即自己并非出身于一个有文学(literary)背景的家庭。42.B作者在上文中提到IneverthoughtIcouldbeawriter.,又指出自己缺乏文学家庭背景，由此可知作者曾将其视为成为作家的一个主要困难(problem)。43.C根据空白处前的convincedthatwritingwasn'tforme和空白处后的tostudyteaching可知，作者认为自己不适合写作，于是转而(wentoff)去学习教育。Stepaside意为“让位，退位”，getup意为“起床，起立”turnback意为“原路返回，往回走”。44.A根据第三、四段中作者的反思和行动可知，正是那天下午与学生的对话使作者重新审视自己，最终走上写作道路，因此那天下午改变了(changed)切。45.C根据段末学生所说的youaretellingustoliveourdreams可知，作者上课时鼓励学生写下自已的梦想(dreams)。46.B上文提到作者现在是一名老师，在课堂上鼓励学生写下梦想，下文又向学生解释自己小时候原本是想当作家的。由此可推断，学生的问题是想确认，当老师(teacher)是否是作者一直以来的梦想。47.D根据句意可知，作者此处在向学生解释自己缺乏当作家所需(took)的条件，所以没有成为作家。Havewhatittakes为固定习语，意为“具备某事所需的素质/能力”。48.D根据下文学生的话...youaretellingustoliveourdreamswhenyouhaven'tevendoneityourself.可知，学生认为作者自己都没实现梦想，却教别人追寻梦想，因此不以为然(disapproving)地看了作者一眼。49.A根据上文可知，学生并不认可作者放弃梦想的理由，并进一步提问作者是否曾经尝试过(tried)追求梦想。50.B根据段首的Iwasstruckspeechless和第四段首句中作者决定重返大学学习创意写作可知，作者认为学生的批评是有道理的(right)。51.C根据上文可知，作者自己没有追寻过梦想，却教导学生勇敢追梦，自我反思后，认为自己没有资格对学生说教(lecture)。lecturesbonsth意为“就某事对某人说教”。52.D根上文学生的话...youaretellingustoliveourdreamswhenyouhaven'tevendoneityourself.Haveyoueven49?以及空白处前作者的心理活动可知，作者发觉自己从未认真对待过自己的梦想，即愿望(desires)。53.B根据下文Iappliedtogobacktouniversityandstudycreativewriting和buttheboy'swordskeptringinginmyears可知,正是这次与学生的谈话(conversation)促使作者改变了人生方向。54.A根据下文findawayoutofmyshame可知，作者后来克服了内心的羞愧才获得成功，因此作者知道自己需要的只是一点自信(self-belief)和努力。55.C根据后半句的findawayoutofmyshameandintoapatternofworkthatIloved可知，作者最终成功摆脱了羞愧感，并找到了热爱的工作方式。managetodosth意为“设法完成某事”。Passage3（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn’tseendaylightsincemywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy___41___thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe___42___weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplaceto___43___oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill___44___withthingsthat,whilenotparticularly___45___,didn’tbelonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional___46___,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour___47___daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice($0)andrepostedit.The___48___:“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase.___49___,Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe___50___Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto___51___thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave___52___.Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthe___53___thatshareoursmallspace.Itake___54___inknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis___55___somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus.41.A.paintingover B.lookingaround C.emptyingout D.pullingdown42.A.hotel B.office C.cottage D.apartment43.A.store B.display C.sell D.repair44.A.covered B.decorated C.stuffed D.equipped45.A.conventional B.valuable C.complicated D.tolerable46.A.fees B.photos C.receipts D.models47.A.move B.pay C.market D.work48.A.warning B.request C.description D.reply49.A.Confused B.Interested C.Disappointed D.Encouraged50.A.visits B.reports C.advice D.money51.A.remove B.spare C.find D.check52.A.investigated B.recognized C.encountered D.recommended53.A.giveaways B.posts C.contributions D.belongings54.A.joy B.part C.care D.time55.A.anticipating B.appreciating C.delivering D.withdrawing【答案】41—45CDACB46—50BACDA51—55BCDAB【导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过分享不需要的物品减少浪费，与他人建立联系，从中获得了快乐。【详解】41.C根据上文soldourhouse及下文donatedwhatwecould可知，作者夫妻忙于清空住了23年的家。emptyingout意为“清空”，符合搬家前整理物品的语境。42.D第五段中提到Isitinmyapartmenttoday，此处为原词复现，指搬到城里的公寓(apartment)。43.A根上文rentedaplace和下文supposedlyimportantobjects可知,租地方是为了储存(store)物品。44.C根据下文withthings和语境可知，这里是描述房子里仍堆满物品的状态。stuffedwith为固定搭配，意为“塞满”，符合语境。45.B根据下文didn'tbelonginalandfill可知，这些物品不特别贵重(valuable)，但也不是完全没用的废品。valuable与“填埋”的取舍逻辑直接关联，符合语境。46.B结合上文tookapicture和posteditonline可知,作者给花瓶拍了照片并在网上发布，因此潜在买家要求提供更多物品的照片(photos)以了解细节是合理的。47.A根据上文提到的soldourhouse以及后续搬家的过程可知，此处指搬家日(moveday)临近，符合语境。48.C"Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon't.”是重新发帖时对物品的描述(description)，符合网络交易的逻辑。49.D成功送出花瓶后，作者受到鼓舞(Encouraged)继续发帖。Encouraged与下文postedmore的积极行为构成因果关系，体现交易成功的正向反馈。50.A根据上文awomanracedintomyhouse可知，作者收到的是买家的拜访(visits)。visits对应面对面交易场景，符合语境。51.BsparethelandfilI意为“免于被扔进垃圾填埋场”，指通过将自已闲置的物品送给他人来减少垃圾，提供了一个避免物品进入垃圾填埋场的机会。52.C每次交易让作者有机会碰到(encountered)原本不会遇见的人，符合语境。53.Dbelongings意为“所有物”，指作者最终选择带到新公寓的个人物品。下文shareoursmallspace明确指向这些“物品”。54.Atakejoyin意为“以为乐"，呼应上文apreciousrayoflight的积极情感，体现作者对物品再利用的欣慰。55.B根据全文内容可知，想到有人欣赏(appreciating)自己无法带走的物品，作者感到宽慰，符合语境。Passage4（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。EvelynDonohueisa65-year-oldgrandma.Sheonlystartedto___41___sevenyearsagoafterhavinga___42___call.She’dbeenstrugglingwitheatingdisordersandhealthissues,which___43___ledhertogettingsurgery.Afterthatexperience,sheknewthatsheneededtomakea___44___.Determinedtoturnherlifearound,MsDonohuebegantoworkoutandfollowa___45___lifestyle,beforediscoveringa___46___forweightlifting.Sincesettingoutonthejourney,the___47___loverhasnotonlymanagedto___48___animpressivesetofmuscles—butalsoahugefollowingonsocialmedia.Thewell-likedgrandmaregularlypostsworkoutcontentexplainingthere’sno___49___otherscan’tlookthisgood.Shesaiditwasalldowntosomekeyaspects.“Holdon:Considerfailureasa___50___tosuccessandnevergiveup.Sticktoyourplan,”shesaid.“___51___others:Liftothersuponyourjourney.Successissweeterwhen___532___.”Shepreviouslyexplainedthat“youdonotneedtohaveanamazingbodytoexercise...the___53___istofeelgood,notlookgood.”MsDonohueusedtobelaughedatforbeingtoooldtoworkout,butshehasprovedthe__54___wronginthebestpossiblewayandhasindeedbecomean___55___formanysocialmediausers.41.A.write B.travel C.exercise D.recover42.A.goodwill B.timeout C.long-distance D.wake-up43.A.normally B.ultimately C.suddenly D.automatically44.A.change B.fortune C.wish D.deal45.A.risky B.traditional C.comfortable D.healthy46.A.demand B.secret C.passion D.cure47.A.peace B.fitness C.fun D.nature48.A.grow B.control C.activate D.relax49.A.need B.choice C.reason D.difference50.A.greenlight B.roadblock C.passingmark D.steppingstone51.A.Help B.Consult C.Follow D.Forgive52.A.accepted B.shared C.expected D.celebrated53.A.goal B.case C.duty D.cost54.A.instructors B.admirers C.beginners D.doubters55.A.authority B.excuse C.inspiration D.option【答案】41—45CDBAD46—50CBACD51—55ABADC【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位65岁奶奶健身成功，改善了生活方式和健康状况，并成为励志网红，激励他人坚持运动的故事。【详解】41.C根据本段最后一句中的MsDonohuebegantoworkout...可知,她开始锻炼(exercise)。42.D根据下一句中的She'dbeenstrugglingwitheatingdisordersandhealthissues...ledhertogettingsurgery可知，饮食失调和健康问题导致的手术对MsDonohue来说是一个警醒(awake-upcalI)，促使她做出改变。43.B根据前半句中的She'dbeenstrugglingwitheatingdisordersandhealthissues可知，多年来MsDonohue都在与健康问题抗争，这些积年累月的健康问题，最终(ultimately)导致她做了手术。44.A根据下一句中的Determinedtoturnherlifearound可知，在这次经历后，她意识到自己需要做出改变(change)。45.D根据本句中的MsDonohuebegantoworkout可知，她开始遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式。46.C根据本中的MsDonohuebegantoworkoutandfollowahealthylifestyle和下一段中的animpressivesetofmuscles可知,MsDonohue先是开始健身，保持健康生活，而后锻炼出了令人赞叹的肌肉线条，可见她对举重的酷爱(passion)。apassionforsth意为“对的酷爱”。47.B根据第一段最后一句中的MsDonohuebegantoworkout和discoveringapassionforweightlifting可知,MsDonohue踏上了健身的旅程并爱上了举重，因此她是健身爱好者(fitnesslover)。48.A根据第一段最后一句中的MsDonohuebegantoworkout和discoveringapassionforweightlifting可推测,MsDonohue成功地"长出"也就是练出(grow)了令人赞叹的肌肉。49.C根据第一、二段可知，MsDonohue已年过60，尚且还能坚持锻炼并练出肌肉，因此其他人没理由(reason)练不出这样的好身材。50.D根据本句中的Holdon以及nevergiveup可知，MsDonohue将失败视为成功的垫脚石(steppingstone)。51.A根据下文的Liftothersuponyourjourney可知，帮助(help)他人。52.B根据上一句的Helpothers:Liftothersuponyourjourney可知，成功在分享(shared)时更显甜蜜。53.A根据前半句的youdonotneedtohaveanamazingbodytoexercise,说明健身无需完美身材，接下来进一步强调健身的目标(goal)是为了感觉好，而非为了外表好看。54.D根据前半的MsDonohueusedtobelaughedatforbeingtoooldtoworkout和butshehasproved...wrong可知,健身路上MsDonohue遭受了很多嘲笑，但她证明这些人是错的，这些嘲笑她的人自然也是质疑她的人(doubters).55.C根据三段中的Thewell-likedgrandmaregularlypostsworkoutcontent,explainingthere'snoreasonotherscan'tlookthisgood和二段中的ahugefollowingonsocialmedia可知，MsDonohue成为了很多社交媒体用户的励志榜样(inspiration)。Passage5（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A

、B

、C

、D

四个选项中选出最佳选项。I'vebeenmotivated-anddemotivated-byotherfolks’achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend_4lamarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,lstartedrunning_42,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas_43fora“'super,"referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun-15miles.Tobehonest,l44it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy45seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly46I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!Sol47cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I_48ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister,Whileshewasatworkoneday,I_49herbikeandwentforaride.The50:TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I'dneverfacedsuch51.Thatday,Igot52byabout100“local"bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas53I've54alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever55Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.41.A.knewB.heldC.wonD.quit42.A.regularlyB.silentlyC.proudlyD.recently43.A.askingB.lookingC.waitingD.training44.A.madeB.believedC.hatedD.deserved45.A.advantageB.achievementC.contributionD.influence46.A.wayB.riskC.placeD.reason47.A.gaveupB.wentonC.turnedtoD.dealtwith48.A.heardB.dreamedC.complainedD.approved49.A.paintedB.borrowedC.boughtD.parked50.A.problemB.secretC.principleD.advice51.A.dangersB.eventsC.opponentsD.challenges52.A.passedB.convincedC.admiredD.stopped53.A.reliableB.convenientC.familiarD.appealing54.A.traveledB.maturedC.missedD.worried55.A.limitsB.datesC.goalsD.tests【答案】41—45CADCB46—50DCBBA51—55DADBC【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了主人公受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试过跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行、适合自己。【详解】41.C根据一段的I'vebeenmotivated...byotherfolks'achievements以及下文的Feelingmotivated可知，“我”被朋友取得的成就所激励，因此邻居朋友应是赢得了马拉松比赛，won符合语境。42.A根据上文的Feelingmotivated可知，“我”受该朋友赢得马拉松比赛的激励，开始定期(regularly)跑步。43.D根据下文的a52.4-miledoublemarathon可知，该女生告诉“我"她在为一个52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛而进行训练(training)。44.C根据下文的thepureboredomofjogging...I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme可知,“我"讨厌(hated)跑步。45.B根据上文女生为52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛进行训练，而“我”最长的跑步距离才15英里可知，和她相比，“我”的成就(achievement)显得微不足道。46.D根据文I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme可知，“我”下定决心，只有被狗追赶，“我”才会再次跑步，这是“我”再次跑步的唯一原因或理由(reason)。47.C由上文“我”讨厌跑步及下文的cycling可知，“我”对跑步失去兴趣，改为(turnedto)骑自行车。48.B根据上文的Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.下文的enteringcycleraces可知，“我”梦想着(dreamedof)参加自行车比赛。49.B根据上文的Whileshewasatworkoneday可知，姐姐上班去了,“我"借(borrowed)她的自行车出去兜风。50.A根据下文TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.可知，那里的路穿过大山谷，所以“我”需要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，这是“我”遇到的问题(problem)。51.D根据上文的TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.可知，“我”从未遇到过这样的挑战(challenges)。52.A根据下文的byabout100"local"bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads可知，当地自行车手习惯了在这种上坡路上骑行，所以此处指的是“我”被大约100名当地自行车手超过(passed)了。53.D根据上文“我”在上坡路上骑行遇到的挑战及被当地自行车手赶超可知，“我”应该很受挫，所以回家后觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力(appealing)Jo54.B通过“我"的两次经历及下文的I'vecometoacceptthat...可知，“我”应该是成熟了(matured)许多。55.C根据下文的Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown可知，此处指无论“我”为自己设定什么目标(goals)，都必须是(适合)我自己的目标。Passage6（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenIdecidedtobuyahouseinEuropetenyearsago,Ididn'tthinktoolong.IlikedtravelinginFrance,butwhenitcametopickingmyfavoritespotto___41___,Italywastheclearwinner.DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I___44___toaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.ButeverytimeItriedto___43___asentenceofItaliantogether,thelocalssmiledatmeand___44___mylanguageskills.Thatencouragementhelpedmetogetthroughthelanguage___45___.AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,Idiscoveredhow___46___Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoorto___47___metoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.It'sthesesmall___48___ofkindnessthatmakeanewcountryfeellikehome.Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach,andnowherefuelsmy___49___quitelikeItaly.Eachtownhasitsowntraditional____50____,andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Families____51____forbigmealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverotherexcusestheycan____54____.Thesemealsarealways____53____bylaughterandjoy.Whatever____54____lifeinItalymighthave,theproblemsare____55____onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.41.A.study B.rent C.visit D.settle44.A.planned B.struggled C.refused D.happened43.A.string B.hang C.mix D.match44.A.improved B.assessed C.admired D.praised45.A.course B.barrier C.area D.test46.A.open-minded B.strong-willed C.warm-hearted D.well-informed47.A.remind B.allow C.persuade D.order48.A.tricks B.promises C.acts D.duties49.A.ambition B.success C.appetite D.growth50.A.costume B.dish C.symbol D.tale51.A.gather B.cheer C.leave D.wait54.A.putupwith B.standupfor C.comeupwith D.makeupfor53.A.signaled B.confirmed C.represented D.accompanied54.A.disadvantages B.meanings C.surprises D.opportunities55.A.created B.forgotten C.understood D.identified【答案】41—45DBADB46—50CACCB51—55ACDAB【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者选择在意大利定居的故事。【详解】41.D根据上文的decidedtobuyahouseinEurope以及空白处前表示转折的but可知，虽然作者喜欢在法国旅行，但是最终还是选择在意大利定居。settle意为"定居"，符合语境。下文的ImadeItalymypermanenthome亦有提示。42.B根据上下文可知，作者初到意大利，语言不通，所以在问路和在餐厅点菜时会遇到困难，struggletodosth意为“吃力地做某事”，符合语境。43.A根据句意可知，作者刚到意大利时，有语言障碍，所以每次在表达自己的意思时，会用意大利语拼凑句子，string作名词意思是“线”，用作动词意为“把串起来”，stringasentencetogether意为“组织一个句子”，符合语境。44.D结合上文的thelocalssmiledatme和文的Thatencouragementhelpedme可知，在语言表达方面，当地人给作者很大的鼓励。praise意为“称赞”，符合语境。45.B根据上文可知，意大利当地人的鼓励让作者受益良多，此处应是帮助作者克服了语言障碍(thelanguagebarrier)。46.C根据F文的Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoor...可知，作者的邻居们会给他送刚做好的奶酪，由此可知，作者在定居意大利后，才知道这里的人们有多么热心(warm-hearted)。下文的kindness亦有提示。47.A根据上下文可知，作者的邻居们非常友好，会给他送刚做好的食物，由此可推知，他们会在要下雨的时候提醒(remind)作者关好车窗。48.C上文提到作者发现意大利人很热心，再结合下文的makeanewcountryfeellikehome可知，邻居们的这些善举(actsofkindness)让作者在异乡体会到了家的感觉。49.C根据上文的Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach...可知，作者是一位美食家，要想抓住他的心需要先抓住他的胃。appetite意为“食欲;胃口”，符合语境。50.B结合上下文可知，本段内容与意大利饮食有关。再结合下文提到的everyfamilykeepsarecipe...可知，在意大利，每个家庭都有自己的家族食谱，由此可知，该空所在句意为:“每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴(dish)。”51.A根据下文的Thesemeals...bylaughterandjoy和abigmealwithfriendsandfamily可知，意大利家庭热爱聚餐，并享受这种美食文化。gather意为“聚集”，符合语境。52.C根据上下文可知，意大利家庭热爱家庭聚餐，不论是周日、家人的生日，或者任何能想到的其他理由。comeupwith意为“想到;提出”，符合语境。53.D根据上下文可推知，本句意为:“他们的聚餐总伴随着欢声笑语。”beaccompaniedby意为“伴随着”，符合语境。54.A根据下文的theproblems可知，该空指的应是生在意大利的劣势(disadvantages).55.B根据全文内容可知，本文描述了作者对意大利以及其饮食文化的热爱，由此可推知，一旦和朋友家人坐下享受一顿美餐，很多问题都能被弃之脑后(forgotten).Passage7（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave____41____thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her____42____camebecauseshewascarryinga____43____acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher____44____whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She____45____tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith____46____.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen____47____toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____48____attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas____49____andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme_____50_____tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore_____51_____aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig_____52_____.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t_____53_____her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe_____54_____,they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe_____55_____ofhumankindnesswontheday.41.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished42.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse43.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor44.A.race B.school C.town D.training45.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised46.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice47.A.wentaway B.stoodup C.steppedaside D.bentdown48.A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal49A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated50.A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness51.A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged52.A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal53.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange【答案】41—45DADAC46—50BDABB51—55CDACB【导语】一名越野赛跑运动员在比赛中将受伤的运动员背至终点就医，虽因此事耽误了自己的比赛，与胜利失之交臂，但她善良的举动为她赢得了独特的胜利，体现了人性之善的力量。41.D根据上文的hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace可知，Bailey在参加越野比赛，她本应该更早一些跑完(finished)全程。42.A根据上文的shouldhave...earlierthanshedid可知,Bailey到得比预期的晚，即她的比赛受到了耽搁(delay)，下文because...解释了原因。43.D根据二段的tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue及letLenoueclimbontoherback可知，Bailey是背着Lenoue跨过终点线，Lenoue是Bailey的竞争对手(competitor)之一。44.A根据第一段的hundredsofrunnerscompet