专题10 谓语动词和非谓语动词（10年汇编）2017-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编（解析版）

高考真题分类解析PAGE试卷第=1页，共=sectionpages33页PAGE1专题10谓语动词和非谓语动词考点分类十年考情（2017-2026）命题规律考点01动词时态、语态及主谓一致（谓语动词）考查频率：十年全国各卷持续考查，每套试卷稳定1–2空，语法填空有提示词核心考点；核心考查内容：三大基础时态（一般过去、一般现在、现在完成）为主，搭配被动语态综合考查，穿插主谓一致陷阱；3.语篇题材：传统文化、中外文学、生态保护、航天科技、生活记叙、农业环保；4.出题形式：全部为给出动词原形，要求变形谓语动词。1.时态依托文本整体时间语境判断，不局限单一时间标志词；2.语态高频结合一般过去时，多用于历史建造、事件、邀请类场景；3.主谓一致常设置aswellas就远原则、定语从句先行词单复数等易错点；4.命题融合传统文化、生态文明等时代素材，时态+语态复合型题目逐年增多。考点02非谓语动词考查频率：十年全卷年年必考，单卷2–3空，是语法填空分值占比最高考点；三大形式均衡考查：不定式todo占比最高，其次现在分词doing、过去分词done；3.常见结构：介词后动名词、分词作状语、不定式作目的/定语、形容词后不定式；4.语篇覆盖国风集市、饮食文化、熊猫保护、中外戏剧、环保纪实等。1.解题核心：区分逻辑主语主动/被动、动作先后关系；2.功能侧重：状语（目的、原因、伴随）考查最多，定语、宾补为辅；3.固定搭配集中：hopeto、chanceto、beeasyto、介词+doing等高频句式；4.长难句嵌套非谓语成为常态，文本贴合中国文化、社会热点命题。一．谓语动词--动词时态，语态及主谓一致1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Astransportationandcommunication59._____________(be)underdevelopedatthattime,itwasverydifficultforhouseholdstoobtaindailynecessities.2.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Intaichi,thedantianisyourqicoreandqiinChinesemeanslifeforce.Now,I60.(suppose)tofeeltheweightonmylegsandsinkmydantian.3.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“Theplayers’personalities60.(reveal)duringthegame,andone’sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,”sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways61.____(try)tobeattheopponentbynomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”4.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Overtime,I’vefoundmyselffeelingextremelyathomehere.Andintheprocess,I’veexperiencedthingsthatreallysurprisemeattimes.The“sunshinescent(香味)”offreshlysunnedclothes61.(be)oneofthem.5.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60.(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWesternfavouritessuchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.6.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommonthemesintheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout___58___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”7.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin4017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.8.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）So,whataretheylearning?Basically,howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I_65____(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.9.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat58.（be）previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.10.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP60.（design）toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity（完整性）ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（资产）forfuturegenerations".11.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Henry62.（fix）hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly63.（throw）histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.12.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit61.（be）forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.13.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto63.(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompanyrepresentativewrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.14.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—61.(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.15.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4tofindandstudyareasoftheSouthit67.(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68.(construct).＂16.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62.(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearthcomingbacktolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.17.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Filledwithcuriosity,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand66(point)downtheriver.18.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65.(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.19.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70.(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.20.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64.（declare）shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.21.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Irenesaid,"Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66.（make）overtheyears.22.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapackofdogs，seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswhohadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65.（recommend）wonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.23.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we69.（invite）toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.24.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64.(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.25.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61.（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62.past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.26.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68.(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.27.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69.(mean)menorealharm.28.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredto

processthefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt

64

(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.29.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）As

aresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even

worse,

theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood

67

(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.30.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Steamengines65.(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusingiteveryday.31.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Later,engineers68.(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels（隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.32.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Sarah63.(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.33.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69.________(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itiscertainlyfunbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon’twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan’tmodelanymore.”【答案】were2.amsupposed3.arerevealed，tries4.is5.walks6.were7.wasbuilt8.wished9.were10.isdesigned11.wasfixing，threw12.was13.was14.touched15.means，isconstructedcarries17.pointed18.havereported19.are20.declared21.havemade22.recommended23.wereinvited24.is25.hasgrown26.started27.meant28.areremoved29.is30.wereused31.managed32.hasbeentold/wastold33.comes【详解】1.were考查谓语动词。空白处在从句中作谓语，主语为transportationandcommunication，指两种事物，为复数;atthattime表明本句描述的是过去的情况，需用一般过去时，故填were。amsupposed考查谓语动词。besupposedtodosth是定搭配，意为“应该做某事”。根据空白处前的Now可知，应用一般现在时，主语是I，故填amsupposed.第一空是arerevealed考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处前是主语，空白处作谓语。本段和上一段都是围棋选手WangWei讲述围棋能体现选手性格，用的皆为一般现在时。主语Theplayers’personalities是复数形式，与reveal之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填arerevealed.第二空是tries考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处作谓语。根据空白处前的always以及本段和上一段中的时态均为一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语Adecentwinner为单数，与try之间是主动关系，故填tries。4.is考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词。本句描述的是现在的情况，故用一般现在时。主语The“sunshinescent”是单数，且根据空白处后的oneofthem可知填is。5.walks考查谓语动词。纵观全句，没有谓语动词，故此处应填谓语动词。句子的主语是theSilkRouteGarden，与walk是主动关系，指的是花园通过其设计和布局，使游客能够体验或“走过”一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，walk在此为及物动词。整个段落用的是一般现在时来描述theGlasshouse和theSilkRouteGarden的特点和功能，因此，此处也应用一般现在时第三人称单数形式，故填walks。6.were考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，该句的主语为Someofthethings,thatTangwaswritingabout为定语从句，修饰先行词things;再根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事实，故应填were。7.wasbuilt考查谓语动词。根据Twoyearslater可知，该句描述的是过去的事实，且句子主语pavilion与动词build之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。8.wished考查谓语动词。根据空白处前Asalittlegirl及下文的whenIgrewup可知，本句时态为一般过去时，因此该空应填wish的过去式。9.were考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空白处缺少定语从句中的谓语动词，先行词是areas，又因空后为previously(以前，先前)，故此处应用一般过去时的复数形式were，表示过去某个时间存在的状态。10.isdesigned考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，因主语theGPNP与动词design之间为动宾关系，且句子陈述的是现在的状态，因此此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。11.第一空是wasfixing考查谓语时态。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词，根据句型bedoingwhen可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描还的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。第二空是threw考查谓语时态。提示词是动词，谓语主语he之后，根据逗号后andstartedrunning可知，设空处应填谓语时态，and连接两个并列的谓语时态，故应填过去时threw。12.was考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。13.was考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote”可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。14.touched考查谓语动词时态。Lastweek作时间状语表明事件发生在过去，故应用touch的过去式touched;touchdown为固定搭配，意为“着陆，降落”。15.第一空是means考查主谓一致。主语it为第三人称单数，因此谓语动词应用means.第二空是isconstructed考查动词的被动语态，句意为“这意味着我们有机会得知月球是如何被构建的”，themoon与construct是被动关系，故应用被动语态。carries考查动词时态根据空白处前面的Thisis和下一句中的Theyrepresent可知本句是一般现在时，又根据decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers是动名词短语作主语，是一个整体，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，因此此处填carries。pointed考查动词时态根据全文动词时态可推测整个故事发生在过去，并由与之并列的谓语动词smiled可知，此处应填pointed。18.havereported考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致由inrecentyears可知此处语境表示的是从过去某时一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时。19.are根据空白处前面的are及空白处后面的is和1ack可知，本句是现在时态，又根据six，因此此处填are。20.declared考查动词时态Irene的领奖发言是过去发生的事，另根据此空白处后面的过去式had和下文Irenesaid可知，此处用declare的过去式。名词plan后接不定式作后置定语。21.havemade考查动词时态及主谓一致overtheyears常与完成时连用，在此意为“(从过去某时到现在的)多年来”。根据主句谓语动词love的时态可知，定语从句的谓语动词make应用现在完成式。22.recommended考查动词时态全文是在叙述过去的情况，再根据空白处前面的并列的谓语动词shared可知，此处用recommend的过去式recommended。23.wereinvited考查动词时态和语态invite和主语we之间是被动关系，故用其被动语态，且全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。24.is考查动词时态本文讲述跑步的好处，用的是现在时态，再根据空白处前面的can'tmake和says可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，因此用is。25.hasgrown考查谓语动词时态由Since2011“自2011年以来”可知此处语境表示的是从过去的某个时间开始，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成时，且主语thecountry是单数名词。26.started根据上下文可知作者在说2005年发生的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。27.meant考查谓语动词(时态)全文是在叙述过去的情况，因此谓语动词用一般过去时。28.areremoved考查谓语动词(一般现在时的被动语态)文章描述的是客观事实，且主语fatandsalt与谓语动词remove为被动关系，因此此处应填areremoved。29.is考查谓语动词（一般现在时）根据上下文可知，“快餐富含脂肪和盐”是客观事实，且主语Fastfood是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。30.wereused考查谓语动词(一般过去时的被动语态)根据语境“蒸汽机被用来拉动车厢”。文章叙述的是过去的事，且主语Steamengines与use为动宾关系。31.managed考查谓语动词(过去时)根据上下文可知作者在描述过去的事情，应用动词的一般过去式。32.hasbeentold/wastold考查谓语动词（时态和语态）此处意为“萨拉被告知下一年她可能成为收入百万美元的英国新超级模特”。主语Sarah与tell为被动关系，且描述的是过去的事实，也可能会对现在造成影响，因此此处填hasbeentold/wases考查动词时态由atthemoment可知，此处应用一般现在时。非谓语动词1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Daji,orbigopen-airfairs,typicallytakeplaceonspecificdatesofthelunarcalendar,forexample,ondateswithfiveorsevenasthelastdigit.Itisalsocommonforthem56_____________(hold)duringtraditionalChineseholidayssuchastheSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival,aswellasotherlocalfestivals.2.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Inadditiontobeingvenuesforbuyingandselling,dajiareoccasionsforsocializingandentertainment.Peoplefromnearandfarcrowdintothesemarketsondajidays.62_____________(draw)bythearoma(香味)ofstreetfood,theylineupinfrontofstandsthatservesteamingdumplingsandhotnoodlesoup.3.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Before64_____________(head)home,theyfilltheirshoppingbagswithfreshfruitandvegetablesfromlocalfarmers,atpricessignificantlycheaperthanthosefoundinsupermarkets.4.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Attheendofthelesson,Ifeelwideawake,despiteitstill64(be)earlyat8am.It’stimeformydantian65(meet)anotherlifeforce:coffee.5.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,”saysTu.“Wehope____58____(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.”6.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Growingup,myfamilyandourneighborsneverusedclotheslinestodryclothing,denyingmethechance____62____(discover)oneofthegreatwondersofsunshine—thesweet“sunshinescent”aftersunningclothesforanentireday.7.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirt____65____(leave)tosunforaday,well,you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.8.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Thesesepals(萼片)openonwarmdays58(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Thedesignfeaturestensteel“'sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Incoldweather,thestructurestays59(close)toprotecttheplants.9.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin4017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,___60___(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,wasbuiltattheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.10.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed___63___(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.11.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）___64___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”12.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____57____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.13.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Shanghaimaybethe____59____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace.14.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____61____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.15.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft______65______(want)morenexttime.16.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）Notthepandas,eventhoughthelanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto___60___(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.17.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark（GPNP）.56（cover）anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59（increase）effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.18.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony（阳台）,Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe56（fall）child.19.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup59（see）them.Whenhelookeddown,heaccidentallyslippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.20.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwillundoubtedlyhelpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,thehotterthespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus60（astonish）.21.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowharditwasforthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour63（ache）legs.22.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Intheseventhgrade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,57(think)itisfood.23.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Idecidedtodosomething____58____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompanywhichusedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.24.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Iwasso____62____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.25.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466(find)andstudyareasoftheSouth（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Theyrepresenttheearth63(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.27.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Oranges:Orangetreesaremorethandecoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes65(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.28.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.Certainlyduringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy68(care)forandmakegreatpresents.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,gentlyalongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartistonearth,MotherNature.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.31.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.32.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans65（retire）fromher36-year-oldbusiness.33.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Shesaid,"Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall68(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It'swonderful.”34.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62（get）there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.35.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，70（listen）tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.36.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof______63______(die)earlybyrunning.37.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswaterthanriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.38.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.39.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel65(challenge).40.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimalmeantmenorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!"Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70(stay)andwatch.41.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63

(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fastfood

isfulloffatandsalt;by

68

(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.44.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtochallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).Instead,sheisearning£6,500adayasamodelinNewYork.45.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithhereducation.【答案】1.tobeheld2.Drawn3.heading4.being；tomeet5.topresent6.todiscover7.left8.togive；closed9..inspired10.tofind11.Recalling12.tobite13.recognized14.tobelifted15.wanting16.visiting17.Covering；toincrease18.falling19.tosee20.astonished21.aching22.thinking23.toeducate24.excited25.tofind26.coming27.decorated28.tocare29.tofind；surrounding30.toperform31.being32.toretire33.saying34.toget35.listening36.tosee；dying37.toimprove38.feeding39.looking；challenged41.tostay42.toprocess43.eating44.resting45.toprove【解析】1.tobeheld考查非谓语动词。Itis+adj+forsb/sthtodosth.为定句型，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。空白处的逻辑主语them指代daji，与hold之间为被动关系(大集被举办)，需用不定式的被动形式，故填tobeheld。2.Drawn考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为lineup，空白处应为非谓语，draw与逻辑主语they之间为被动关系(他们被香味吸引)，需用-ed形式表被动，空白处位于句首，故填Drawn。3.heading考查非谓语动词。Before为介词，后接-ing形式作宾语，故填heading。headinghome意为“回家"。4.第一空being考查非谓语动词。空白处位于介词despite之后，应用动名词，故填being。代词it为其逻辑主语，此处构成动名词的复合结构作介词despite的宾语。第二空tomeet考查非谓语动词。itistimeforsb/sthtodosth是定搭配，意为“是某人/某物该做某事的时候了”，故填tomeet。5.topresent考查非谓语动词。hopetodosth是固定搭配，故空白处填topresent.6.todiscover此处考查非谓语动词。chance后接不定式作后置定语，thechancetodosth意为“去做某事的机会”。7.left此处考查非谓语动词。sheetorshirt和leave是被动关系，故此处应用leave的过去分词形式left作后置定语。lefttosun意为“被放在阳光下晒”。8.第一个空是togive此处考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式短语作目的状语，表示“为了给提供"第二个空是closed此处考查词性转换。stays“保持”是系动词，后接过去分词形容词作表语，表示被动，故填closed，意为“关闭的”9..inspired此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为pavilion,60(inspire)byThePeoryPavilion作后置定语来修饰主语;又因主语pavilion与动词inspire之间为被动关系，故用动词-ed形式，inspiredby意为“受启发”。10.tofind此处考查非谓语动词。beamazedtodosth为固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。11.Recalling此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为Edmondson，谓语动词为said，故空白处应填非谓语动词;又因主语Edmondson与动词recall之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式