专题10 谓语动词和非谓语动词（10年汇编）2017-2026年高考英语真题分类汇编

高考真题分类解析PAGE试卷第=1页，共=sectionpages33页PAGE1专题10谓语动词和非谓语动词考点分类十年考情（2017-2026）命题规律考点01动词时态、语态及主谓一致（谓语动词）考查频率：十年全国各卷持续考查，每套试卷稳定1–2空，语法填空有提示词核心考点；核心考查内容：三大基础时态（一般过去、一般现在、现在完成）为主，搭配被动语态综合考查，穿插主谓一致陷阱；3.语篇题材：传统文化、中外文学、生态保护、航天科技、生活记叙、农业环保；4.出题形式：全部为给出动词原形，要求变形谓语动词。1.时态依托文本整体时间语境判断，不局限单一时间标志词；2.语态高频结合一般过去时，多用于历史建造、事件、邀请类场景；3.主谓一致常设置aswellas就远原则、定语从句先行词单复数等易错点；4.命题融合传统文化、生态文明等时代素材，时态+语态复合型题目逐年增多。考点02非谓语动词考查频率：十年全卷年年必考，单卷2–3空，是语法填空分值占比最高考点；三大形式均衡考查：不定式todo占比最高，其次现在分词doing、过去分词done；3.常见结构：介词后动名词、分词作状语、不定式作目的/定语、形容词后不定式；4.语篇覆盖国风集市、饮食文化、熊猫保护、中外戏剧、环保纪实等。1.解题核心：区分逻辑主语主动/被动、动作先后关系；2.功能侧重：状语（目的、原因、伴随）考查最多，定语、宾补为辅；3.固定搭配集中：hopeto、chanceto、beeasyto、介词+doing等高频句式；4.长难句嵌套非谓语成为常态，文本贴合中国文化、社会热点命题。一．谓语动词--动词时态，语态及主谓一致1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Astransportationandcommunication59._____________(be)underdevelopedatthattime,itwasverydifficultforhouseholdstoobtaindailynecessities.2.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Intaichi,thedantianisyourqicoreandqiinChinesemeanslifeforce.Now,I60.(suppose)tofeeltheweightonmylegsandsinkmydantian.3.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“Theplayers’personalities60.(reveal)duringthegame,andone’sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,”sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways61.____(try)tobeattheopponentbynomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”4.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Overtime,I’vefoundmyselffeelingextremelyathomehere.Andintheprocess,I’veexperiencedthingsthatreallysurprisemeattimes.The“sunshinescent(香味)”offreshlysunnedclothes61.(be)oneofthem.5.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60.(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.TheseplantsincludedmodernWesternfavouritessuchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.Thepathoffersover300plantspeciesforvisitorstosee,too.6.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommonthemesintheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout___58___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”7.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin4017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.8.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）So,whataretheylearning?Basically,howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I_65____(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.9.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat58.（be）previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.10.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP60.（design）toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity（完整性）ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（资产）forfuturegenerations".11.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Henry62.（fix）hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly63.（throw）histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.12.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit61.（be）forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.13.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto63.(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompanyrepresentativewrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.14.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—61.(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.15.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4tofindandstudyareasoftheSouthit67.(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68.(construct).＂16.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62.(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearthcomingbacktolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.17.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Filledwithcuriosity,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand66(point)downtheriver.18.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65.(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.19.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70.(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.20.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene64.（declare）shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.21.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Irenesaid,"Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66.（make）overtheyears.22.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapackofdogs，seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswhohadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65.（recommend）wonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.23.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we69.（invite）toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.24.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64.(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.25.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61.（grow）morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62.past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.26.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68.(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.27.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthemalive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69.(mean)menorealharm.28.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredto

processthefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt

64

(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.29.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）As

aresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even

worse,

theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood

67

(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.30.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Steamengines65.(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusingiteveryday.31.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Later,engineers68.(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels（隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.32.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Sarah63.(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.33.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69.________(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itiscertainlyfunbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon’twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan’tmodelanymore.”非谓语动词1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Daji,orbigopen-airfairs,typicallytakeplaceonspecificdatesofthelunarcalendar,forexample,ondateswithfiveorsevenasthelastdigit.Itisalsocommonforthem56_____________(hold)duringtraditionalChineseholidayssuchastheSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestival,aswellasotherlocalfestivals.2.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Inadditiontobeingvenuesforbuyingandselling,dajiareoccasionsforsocializingandentertainment.Peoplefromnearandfarcrowdintothesemarketsondajidays.62_____________(draw)bythearoma(香味)ofstreetfood,theylineupinfrontofstandsthatservesteamingdumplingsandhotnoodlesoup.3.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）Before64_____________(head)home,theyfilltheirshoppingbagswithfreshfruitandvegetablesfromlocalfarmers,atpricessignificantlycheaperthanthosefoundinsupermarkets.4.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Attheendofthelesson,Ifeelwideawake,despiteitstill64(be)earlyat8am.It’stimeformydantian65(meet)anotherlifeforce:coffee.5.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,”saysTu.“Wehope____58____(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.”6.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Growingup,myfamilyandourneighborsneverusedclotheslinestodryclothing,denyingmethechance____62____(discover)oneofthegreatwondersofsunshine—thesweet“sunshinescent”aftersunningclothesforanentireday.7.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirt____65____(leave)tosunforaday,well,you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.8.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）Thesesepals(萼片)openonwarmdays58(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Thedesignfeaturestensteel“'sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Incoldweather,thestructurestays59(close)toprotecttheplants.9.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin4017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,___60___(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,wasbuiltattheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.10.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed___63___(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.11.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）___64___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”12.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____57____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.13.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Shanghaimaybethe____59____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongBao’sbirthplace.14.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____61____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.15.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft______65______(want)morenexttime.16.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）Notthepandas,eventhoughthelanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto___60___(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.17.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark（GPNP）.56（cover）anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority59（increase）effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.18.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony（阳台）,Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe56（fall）child.19.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup59（see）them.Whenhelookeddown,heaccidentallyslippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutesandscreamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.20.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwillundoubtedlyhelpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,thehotterthespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus60（astonish）.21.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowharditwasforthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour63（ache）legs.22.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Intheseventhgrade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,57(think)itisfood.23.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Idecidedtodosomething____58____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompanywhichusedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.24.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）Iwasso____62____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.25.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466(find)andstudyareasoftheSouth（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Theyrepresenttheearth63(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.27.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Oranges:Orangetreesaremorethandecoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes65(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.28.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.Certainlyduringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy68(care)forandmakegreatpresents.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,gentlyalongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartistonearth,MotherNature.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.31.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.32.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans65（retire）fromher36-year-oldbusiness.33.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Shesaid,"Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall68(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It'swonderful.”34.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62（get）there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.35.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，70（listen）tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.36.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof______63______(die)earlybyrunning.37.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)w