铁道机车运用与维护专业英语（第2版）课件：受电弓概述

受电弓概述Overviewofpantograph受电弓的介绍/introductiontopantograph01受电弓的分类/classificationofpantograph02相关术语/relatedterms04受电弓的不足/weaknessestopantograph05受电弓的原理/principleofpantograph03introductiontopantograph受电弓介绍01受电弓/pantograph受电弓是电力机车、电动车辆从接触网导线上受取电流的一种受流装置。受电弓从架空线路收集电流。受电弓在隔离方面非常简单--只需将盘放下，即可切断对车辆的供电。受电弓介绍/overviewofpantographThepantographisacurrent-receivingdevicethatallowselectriclocomotivesandelectricvehiclestoreceivecurrentfromcontactnetworkwires.Currentiscollectedfromoverheadlinesbypantographs.Pantographsareeasyintermsofisolation—youjustlowerthepantolosethepowersupplytothevehicle.受电弓介绍/overviewofpantographSincethepantographisusuallythesinglepointpowercontactforthelocomotiveorpowercar,itmustmaintaingoodcontactunderallrunningconditions.由于受电弓通常是机车或动力车的单点电源接触点，因此必须在所有运行条件下保持良好接触。受电弓与架空线路通过弹簧或气压保持接触。高速运行时最好使用压缩空气压力Thepantographiskeptincontactwiththeoverheadlinebyspringsorairpressure.Compressedairpressureispreferredforhighspeedoperation受电弓介绍/overviewofpantographThecontactstripsofthepantographaresupportedbyalightweighttransverseframewhichhas“horns”ateachend.Theseareturneddownwardstoreducetheriskofthepantographbeinghookedoverthetopofthecontactwireasthetrainmovesalong.受电弓的接触条（即弓头）由轻质横向框架支撑，框架两端各有一个"角"。这些"角"向下翻转，以减少受电弓在列车运行时被钩住接触线顶部的风险。受电弓介绍/overviewofpantographOnJuly5,2011,atthe32km061mpointbetweenLongjiaandChangchunontheChangchun-Jilinintercitytrain,aleadsaggingencroachmentoccurred,scrapingthepantographsoftheD5036trainspassingthrough,causingthecircuitbreakerofthetractionsubstationtotrip,affectingfourtrainstobedelayed,andconstitutingageneralC16typeaccident.2011年7月5日，长春吉林城际列车龙嘉至长春间32公里061米处，发生引线下垂侵限，刮坏通过的D5036次列车受电弓，引起牵引变电所断路器跳闸，影响4列动车晚点，构成一般C16类事故。受电弓介绍/overviewofpantographThemainreason:poorcrimpingprocessofterminalandswitchlead,andhightemperatureatthetimeoftheincident,thedownwarddislodgedswitchleadsuccessivelyhitchedtothebodyofthepassingD5036andD5038trains,resultinginthescrapingoftheforwardD5036pantograph.Therefore,safetyawarenessshouldbemaintainedthroughouttheproductionandconstruction.主要原因：接线端子与开关引线压接工艺不良，，且事发时气温较高，向下脱落的开关引线先后搭至通过的D5036、D5038次列车车体上，造成前行的D5036次受电弓被刮坏。因此，在生产、建设中要将安全意识贯穿始终。受电弓介绍/overviewofpantographClassificationofpantographs受电弓的分类02◎双臂受电弓/double-armpantographs最初，受电弓只是一个接触头位于顶部的菱形的"受电弓"。双臂式受电弓通常较重，需要更大的动力才能升高和降低，但容错能力也更强。目前使用较少。受电弓的分类/ClassificationofpantographsOriginally,pantographswerejustthat,adiamond-shaped“pantograph”withthecontactheadatthetop.Double-armpantographsareusuallyheavier,requiringmorepowertoraiseandlower,butmayalsobemorefault-tolerant.Currentlylessused.◎单臂受电弓/Single-armpantographs如今最常见的受电弓类型是所谓的半受电弓（有时为"Z"形）,也叫做单臂受电弓。这种受电弓的演变是为了在列车运行速度越来越快的情况下提供更紧凑、反应更灵敏的单臂设计。LouisFaiveley于1955年发明了这种受电弓。受电弓的分类/ClassificationofpantographsThemostcommontypeofpantographtodayistheso-calledhalf-pantograph(sometimes'Z'-shaped),alsoknownasasingle-armpantograph，whichhasevolvedtoprovideamorecompactandresponsivesingle-armdesignathighspeedsastrainsgetfaster.LouisFaiveleyinventedthistypeofpantographin1955.03principleofpantograph受电弓的原理03受电弓的原理/principleofpantographsrelatedterms相关术语04受电弓介绍/overviewofpantograph接触网/overheadlineTheoverheadlineisahigh-voltagetransmissionlineforpantographstodrawcurrentinelectrifiedrailways,erectedinazigzagpatternalongtherails.风压管/airpressuretube气压，风压/airpressure压缩空气/compressedairTheairpressuretubeispartoftheaircircuitsystemusedtocontroltheliftingofthepantograph.theairpressurereferstothepressureofthewindthatthepantographissubjectedtointheprocessofraisingthearchweaknessestopantograph受电弓的不足05受电弓的不足/weaknessestopantograph03由于石墨比较脆，在运行过程中可能会有碎块脱落。坏的受电弓会卡住架空导线并将其拆毁。02Contactbetweenpantographandoverheadcatenarywireisusuallyassuredthroughablockofgraphite.Thismaterialconductselectricitywhileworkingasalubricant.04Asgraphiteisbrittle,piecescanbreakoffduringoperation.Badpantographscanseizetheoverheadwireandtearitdown.01受电弓和架空导线之间的接触通常通过石墨块来保证。这种材料既能导电，又能起到润滑作用。受电弓的不足/weaknessestopantograph02Badpantographscanseizetheoverheadwireandtearitdown.Sothereisatwoway