【《石榴石型电解质研究概文献综述》6900字】

石榴石型电解质研究概文献综述目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\u18134石榴石型电解质研究概文献综述 1118921.1石榴石型电解质的制备方法 1278651.2石榴石型电解质的掺杂改性 3296601.3石榴石型电解质的化学稳定性 5292951.4石榴石型电解质/负极界面研究 61.1石榴石型电解质的制备方法石榴石型电解质（LLZO）的合成方法主要包括固相反应法、溶胶凝胶法、放电等离子烧结法（SPS）、流延法、射频磁控溅射法（RFM）等。固相反应法是一种常用的陶瓷烧结方法，通过原料混合、压片、高温烧结等步骤实现坯体的致密化。目前固相烧结LLZO陶瓷片体一般都通过多步烧结法，第一步烧结一般为低温烧结，完成从原料到初步成相的过程，得到的陶瓷粉体为四方相。将第一步烧结得到的陶瓷粉体（母粉）进行充分研磨或者球磨，而后压制成素坯，进行后续的高温烧结，高温烧结的目的是为了将四方相的LLZO转变成立方相，同时在高温下完成陶瓷的收缩致密化过程。高温烧结步骤对于陶瓷的性能影响十分关键、其中高温烧结次数、烧结温度、烧结时间、压力、气氛、坩埚种类乃至大小都会显著影响最后的成相，并影响陶瓷致密度和离子传导率。MuruganADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1002/anie.200701144","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Murugan","given":"Ramaswamy","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Thangadurai","given":"Venkataraman","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Weppner","given":"Werner","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2007"]]},"page":"7778-7781","title":"FastLithiumIonConductioninGarnet-TypeLi7La3Zr2O12**","type":"article-journal","volume":"4"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=bbbde3f4-6e90-49bd-81c2-b0a3682df102"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[33]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[33]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[33]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[33]首先用氧化铝坩埚制备出LLZO陶瓷，其烧结温度为1230℃，而烧结时间长达36h。人们研究发现其长时间烧结的目的是为了让氧化铝的铝元素扩散至陶瓷片以稳定立方相结构，而如果在原料中即掺入异价元素，不仅可以获得立方相结构，而且可以大幅缩短高温烧结时间。RamaKumarADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1039/c3cp50991e","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Online","given":"ViewArticle","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2013"]]},"page":"11327-11338","title":"StructureandLi+dynamicsofSb-dopedLi7La3Zr2O12fastlithiumionconductors†","type":"article-journal"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=e1b1de4e-ee43-4a6c-9a2b-afcfb36a3db8"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[40]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[40]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[40]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[40]掺杂Sb元素，在1100℃下烧结24h，获得Li6.4La3Zr1.6Sb0.4O12陶瓷片致密度达91%，离子传导率为7.7×10-4Scm-1。LiADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1039/c2jm31413d","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Chem","given":"JMater","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2012"]]},"page":"15357-15361","title":"JournalofMaterialsChemistry","type":"article-journal","volume":"3"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=3e0444da-4e08-4aff-82d3-e017f5505508"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[41]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[41]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[41]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[41]通过掺杂Ta元素，在1140℃下烧结16h得到的Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12片材离子传导率高达1.0×10-3Scm-1。XuADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.10.084","ISSN":"03787753","abstract":"AmultistepsinteringscheduleisdevelopedtosynthesizeLi7La3Zr2O12(LLZO)dopedwith0.2mol%Al3+.Theeffectofsinteringstepsonphase,relativedensityandionicconductivityofAl-dopedLLZOhasbeenevaluatedusingpowderX-Raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),27Almagicspinningnuclearmagneticresonance(NMR)spectroscopyandelectrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy(EIS).Theresultsshowthatbyholdingthesampleat900°Cfor6h,themixtureoftetragonalandcubicgarnetphasesareobtained;bycontinuouslyholdingat1100°Cfor6h,thetetragonalphasecompletelytransformsintocubicphase;byholdingat1200°C,therelativedensityincreaseswithoutdecompositionofthecubicphase.TheAl-LLZOpelletsaftermultistepsinteringexhibitcubicphase,relativedensityof94.25%andionicconductivityof4.5×10-4Scm-1atroomtemperature.Basedontheobservation,asinteringmodelisproposedanddiscussed.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xu","given":"Biyi","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Duan","given":"Huanan","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xia","given":"Wenhao","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Guo","given":"Yiping","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Kang","given":"Hongmei","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Li","given":"Hua","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Liu","given":"Hezhou","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"JournalofPowerSources","id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2016"]]},"page":"291-297","publisher":"ElsevierB.V","title":"Multistepsinteringtosynthesizefastlithiumgarnets","type":"article-journal","volume":"302"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=ab1601cd-3970-4ac6-a104-382e2cf6effc"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[42]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[42]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[42]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[42]等人在传统的两步烧结法基础上改进，通过三步烧结法得到的Al-LLZO陶瓷片致密度提升至94.25%，离子传导率达到4.5×10-4Scm-1。在烧结过程中对陶瓷施加压力可以进一步提升致密度，ThompsonADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["0"]]},"title":"ATaleofTwoSitesOnDefiningtheCarrierConcentrationinGarnet-BasedIonicConductorsforAdvancedLiBatteries.pdf","type":"article"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=1a7d77cd-af8f-4a8a-b20b-8419e794909b"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[43]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[43]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[43]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[43]等人研究了热压烧结对Ta-LLZO致密度和传导率的影响，发现热压烧结可以将陶瓷致密度提高至97%以上，得到的Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12片材传导率达到8.16×10-4Scm-1。ZhangADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.148","ISSN":"0378-7753","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zhang","given":"Yanhua","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Chen","given":"Fei","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Tu","given":"Rong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Shen","given":"Qiang","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zhang","given":"Lianmeng","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"JournalofPowerSources","id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["2014"]]},"page":"960-964","publisher":"ElsevierB.V","title":"FieldassistedsinteringofdenseAl-substitutedcubicphase","type":"article-journal","volume":"268"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=cf29ddfe-0e0b-4a82-809b-6fb256bb7ab1"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[44]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[44]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[44]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[44]在热压烧结的基础上，通过增加直流电场来辅助烧结，在1150℃下烧结3min即得到了致密度达99%，传导率为5.56×10-4Scm-1的Li6.25Al0.25La3Zr2O12片材。HuangADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.ensm.2019.01.018","ISSN":"2405-8297","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Huang","given":"Xiao","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Lu","given":"Yang","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Song","given":"Zhen","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Rui","given":"Kun","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Wang","given":"Qingsong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xiu","given":"Tongping","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"EnergyStorageMaterials","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"November2018","issued":{"date-parts":[["2019"]]},"page":"207-217","publisher":"Elsevier","title":"ManipulatingLi2OatmosphereforsinteringdenseLi7La3Zr2O12solidelectrolyte","type":"article-journal","volume":"22"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=5e5e2799-6fa4-4bb7-b68a-77ed17c11245"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[45]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[45]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[45]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[45]发现高温烧结过程中保持锂挥发物（VLC）浓度可以提升陶瓷致密度并减少杂相形成，用小容量的MgO坩埚和无埋粉工艺烧结出致密度达96%以上，传导率达6×10-4Scm-1的Ta-LLZO陶瓷片。溶胶凝胶法（sol-gel）的原理是通过均相溶液将原料充分溶解混合均匀，随后通过适当加热搅拌等进行水解、缩合等化学反应形成透明溶胶、经过陈化干燥后烧结形成相结构。制备LLZO陶瓷时，需要首先将金属盐溶解于水或者酒精等溶剂中混合均匀，加入适当的螯合剂（如乙酸），调节PH，得到湿凝胶后干燥以后续烧结。此方法的优点在于液相下金属离子混合更加均匀、得到的前驱体可以在更低温度、更短时间内烧结成相,制备得到的陶瓷晶粒更加细小。XieADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.01.027","ISSN":"0025-5408","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xie","given":"Hui","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Li","given":"Yutao","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Goodenough","given":"JohnB","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"MaterialsResearchBulletin","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"5","issued":{"date-parts":[["2012"]]},"page":"1229-1232","publisher":"ElsevierLtd","title":"Low-temperaturesynthesisofLi7La3Zr2O12withcubicgarnet-typestructure","type":"article-journal","volume":"47"},"uris":["/documents/?uuid=9e28ef58-f983-43b1-9c20-98a0ea160ffc"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"^[46]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[46]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"^[46]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citati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