2026年上海市沪教版高中英语选修第二册第6单元课后练习题及答案

2026年上海市沪教版高中英语选修第二册第6单元课后练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年上海市沪教版高中英语选修第二册第6单元课后练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheword"ubiquitous"mostlikelymeaninthecontextofthearticle"TheRiseofSmartCities"?A.RareandexpensiveB.WidespreadandcommonC.Old-fashionedandoutdatedD.Limitedtospecificareas参考答案：B2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofusingrenewableenergysources?A.ReducingpollutionB.DecreasingdependenceonforeignoilC.ProvidingunlimitedenergyD.Loweringenergycostsinthelongterm参考答案：C3.Inthesentence"Thecompany'sinnovativeapproachledtoasignificantincreaseinmarketshare,"whatisthefunctionof"ledto"?A.NounphraseB.AdjectivephraseC.VerbphraseD.Prepositionalphrase参考答案：C4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthepassivevoice?A.Shewrotealettertoherfriend.B.Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.C.Theyareplayingfootballnow.D.Wewillfinishtheprojecttomorrow.参考答案：B5.Accordingtothegraph,whichyearshowedthehighestpercentageofstudentspreferringonlinelearning?A.2018B.2019C.2020D.2021参考答案：C6.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle"TheImportanceofExerciseforMentalHealth"?A.Exercisecanhelppeopleloseweight.B.Exerciseisonlybeneficialforphysicalhealth.C.Regularphysicalactivitycanimprovementalwell-being.D.Exerciseshouldbedoneinagym.参考答案：C7.Inthesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,theydecidedtogoforahike,"whatisthefunctionof"Despite"?A.AdverbB.ConjunctionC.PrepositionD.Interjection参考答案：C8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepastperfecttense?A.Shehaseatenbreakfast.B.Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforethemoviestarted.C.TheywereplayingsoccerwhenIarrived.D.Wewillhavecompletedtheprojectbynextweek.参考答案：B9.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarypurposeofeducation?A.Topreparestudentsforjobs.B.Todevelopcriticalthinkingskills.C.Toteachstudentshowtopassexams.D.Toentertainstudents.参考答案：B10.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofmodality?A.Shecanplaythepiano.B.Heisplayingthepiano.C.Shewillplaythepiano.D.Shemayplaythepiano.参考答案：D二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheweatherinShanghaiisusually______insummerandcoldinwinter.参考答案：hot2.Myfavoritesportisbasketballbecauseitisvery______andexciting.参考答案：tiring3.Sheisatalentedmusicianwhoplaysthepiano______.参考答案：well4.ThebookIborrowedfromthelibraryisvery______,soIneedtoreaditcarefully.参考答案：difficult5.InordertoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldpractice______everyday.参考答案：often6.Themeetingwillstartat9o'clock______themorning.参考答案：in7.Heis______tohisfamilyandfriends,alwaysreadytohelpthem.参考答案：kind8.Themuseumhasacollectionofancientartifactsthatare______valuable.参考答案：highly9.Weneedtoprotecttheenvironmentbecauseitis______forourfuture.参考答案：important10.Theteacheraskedustowriteanessayaboutour______experiences.参考答案：personal三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Themaincharacterin"RomeoandJuliet"isnamedRomeoMontague.参考答案：√2.Theverb"togo"isanirregularverbinEnglish.参考答案：√3.TheGreatWallofChinaisvisiblefromspacewiththenakedeye.参考答案：×4.Photosynthesisprimarilyoccursintherootsofplants.参考答案：×5.ThechemicalsymbolforgoldisAu,derivedfromitsLatinnameAurum.参考答案：√6.ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosides.参考答案：√7.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofculturaldeclineinEurope.参考答案：×8.TheNileRiveristhelongestriverintheworld.参考答案：√9.TheEarth'smoonhasitsowngravitationalfield.参考答案：√10.ThemusicalscaleDmajorconsistsofthenotesD,E,F,G,A,B,C.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.WhatarethemainfeaturesoftheBritisheducationsystem?参考答案：TheBritisheducationsystemischaracterizedbyacombinationofstateandprivateschools,anationalcurriculum,andasystemofexaminations.Itincludesprimaryeducation,secondaryeducation,andhighereducation.2.HowdoesthegovernmentoftheUnitedKingdomwork?参考答案：TheUKgovernmentisaconstitutionalmonarchywithaparliamentarydemocracy.ThePrimeMinisteristheheadofgovernment,andtheParliamentisthelegislature.3.DescribethemaindifferencesbetweentheUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStatesintermsofpoliticalsystem.参考答案：TheUKhasaparliamentarydemocracyandconstitutionalmonarchy,whiletheUShasapresidentialrepublicandafederalsystem.TheUK'sgovernmentisledbythePrimeMinister,whereastheUS'sgovernmentisledbythePresident.4.WhatarethemainsocialandeconomicchallengesfacingtheUKtoday?参考答案：TheUKfacesseveralsocialandeconomicchallenges,includinghighunemployment,poverty,andinequality.Economicchallengesincludeahighnationaldebtandarelianceonthefinancialsector.5.ExplaintheimportanceoftheEuropeanUnionfortheUnitedKingdom.参考答案：TheEUhasbeenimportantfortheUKintermsoftrade,politicalcooperation,andeconomicstability.IthasprovidedaframeworkfortheUKtoengageininternationaltradeandhasfosteredpoliticalcooperationamongmemberstates.6.HowhastheUKbeenaffectedbytheprocessofglobalization?参考答案：TheUKhasbeenaffectedbyglobalizationthroughincreasedinternationaltrade,culturalexchange,andthemovementofpeople.Ithasalsofacedchallengessuchasjoblossesincertainindustriesandincreasedcompetition.7.DescribethemainculturalcontributionsoftheUnitedKingdomtotheworld.参考答案：TheUKhasmadesignificantcontributionstotheworldthroughitsliterature,music,andtheatre.AuthorslikeWilliamShakespeareandJaneAustenhavehadalastingimpactongloballiterature.TheBeatlesandothermusicalgroupshaveinfluencedglobalmusic.Britishtheatre,includingtheworksofplaywrightslikeOscarWilde,hasalsobeeninfluential.8.WhatarethemainenvironmentalissuesfacingtheUKandhowcantheybeaddressed?参考答案：TheUKfacesenvironmentalissuessuchasairpollution,waterscarcity,andclimatechange.Theseissuescanbeaddressedthroughrenewableenergyadoption,conservationefforts,andgovernmentpolicies.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenahottopicinrecentyears.ManyexpertsbelievethatAIwillbringgreatconveniencetohumanlife,suchasautomatingtedioustasksandprovidingpersonalizedservices.However,othersworrythatAImightreplacehumanjobsandleadtoethicalissues.Arecentsurveyshowsthat60%ofpeoplethinkAIwillimprovetheirqualityoflife,while40%areconcernedaboutitspotentialrisks.ItisimportantforsocietytofindabalancebetweenthebenefitsandchallengesofAI.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofartificialintelligenceB.ThebenefitsandconcernsaboutAIC.ThedevelopmentofAItechnologyD.Thejobmarketinthefuture参考答案：B2.Accordingtothepassage,whatpercentageofpeopleareworriedaboutAI?A.20%B.40%C.60%D.100%参考答案：B3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutsociety?A.SocietyshouldignoreAIcompletely.B.SocietyshouldfocusonlyonthebenefitsofAI.C.SocietyneedstofindabalancewithAI.D.SocietyshouldnotuseAIatall.参考答案：C4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapotentialbenefitofAI?A.AutomatingtedioustasksB.ProvidingpersonalizedservicesC.ReplacinghumanjobsD.Improvingqualityoflife参考答案：C5.Whatisthepurposeofthesurveymentionedinthepassage?A.TocollectdataonAIusageB.TomeasurepublicopiniononAIC.TopredictthefutureofAID.TocomparedifferentAItechnologies参考答案：B6.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepotentialrisksofAI?A.Itwillmakepeople'slivesmoreconvenient.B.Itwillleadtoethicalissues.C.Itwillimprovethejobmarket.D.Itwillenhancepersonalservices.参考答案：B7.WhatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofAI?A.AIwillcompletelyreplacehumansintheworkplace.B.AIwillonlybringpositivechangestosociety.C.AIwillhavebothbenefitsandchallenges.D.AIwillbeignoredbysocietyinthefuture.参考答案：C8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'stoneinthepassage?A.ObjectiveandinformativeB.EmotionalandpersuasiveC.CriticalandnegativeD.Uncertainandspeculative参考答案：A标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：Theword"ubiquitous"meanswidespreadandcommon,asitreferstosomethingthatispresenteverywhere.OptionAisincorrectbecause"rareandexpensive"contradictsthemeaningofubiquitous.OptionBcorrectlydescribessomethingthatiswidespreadandcommon.OptionCisincorrectbecause"old-fashionedandoutdated"doesnotmatchthemeaning.OptionDisincorrectbecause"limitedtospecificareas"contradictsthedefinitionofubiquitous.2.参考答案：C解析：Thepassagediscussesthebenefitsofusingrenewableenergysources,suchasreducingpollution,decreasingdependenceonforeignoil,andloweringenergycostsinthelongterm.OptionAisabenefit,asrenewableenergyreducespollution.OptionBisabenefit,asitdecreasesdependenceonforeignoil.OptionCisincorrectbecauserenewableenergysourcesarenotunlimited;theyarefiniteandhavelimitations.OptionDisabenefit,asitcanlowerenergycostsinthelongterm.3.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Thecompany'sinnovativeapproachledtoasignificantincreaseinmarketshare,""ledto"isaverbphrase.Itindicatestheresultorconsequenceofthecompany'sapproach.OptionAisincorrectbecause"nounphrase"doesnotdescribethefunctionof"ledto."OptionBisincorrectbecause"adjectivephrase"doesnotmatchthestructure.OptionCiscorrectbecause"ledto"isaverbphrase.OptionDisincorrectbecause"prepositionalphrase"doesnotfitthecontext.4.参考答案：B解析：Thesentence"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim"isanexampleofthepassivevoice.Inthepassivevoice,thesubjectreceivestheactionratherthanperformingit.OptionAisintheactivevoice.OptionBisinthepassivevoice.OptionCisintheactivevoice.OptionDisinthefuturetensebutnotinthepassivevoice.5.参考答案：C解析：Accordingtothegraph,theyear2020showedthehighestpercentageofstudentspreferringonlinelearning.OptionA,2018,doesnothavethehighestpercentage.OptionB,2019,isnotthehighest.OptionC,2020,isthecorrectanswer.OptionD,2021,isnotthehighestpercentage.6.参考答案：C解析：Themainideaofthearticle"TheImportanceofExerciseforMentalHealth"isthatregularphysicalactivitycanimprovementalwell-being.OptionAisincorrectbecausethearticlefocusesonmentalhealth,notweightloss.OptionBisincorrectbecausethearticlediscussesthebenefitsformentalhealth,notjustphysicalhealth.OptionCiscorrectbecauseitcapturesthemainidea.OptionDisincorrectbecausethearticledoesnotspecifythatexerciseshouldbedoneinagym.7.参考答案：C解析：Inthesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,theydecidedtogoforahike,""Despite"isapreposition.Itintroducesacontrastbetweentheheavyrainandtheirdecisiontogohiking.OptionAisincorrectbecause"adverb"doesnotdescribethefunctionof"Despite."OptionBisincorrectbecause"conjunction"doesnotfitthecontext.OptionCiscorrectbecause"Despite"isapreposition.OptionDisincorrectbecause"interjection"doesnotmatchtheusage.8.参考答案：B解析：Thesentence"Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforethemoviestarted"isacorrectuseofthepastperfecttense.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.OptionAisinthepresentperfecttense.OptionBiscorrect.OptionCisinthepastcontinuoustense.OptionDisinthefutureperfecttense.9.参考答案：B解析：Accordingtothepassage,theprimarypurposeofeducationistodevelopcriticalthinkingskills.OptionAisincorrectbecausepreparingstudentsforjobsisnottheprimarypurpose.OptionBiscorrectbecausethepassageemphasizestheimportanceofcriticalthinking.OptionCisincorrectbecauseteachingstudentshowtopassexamsisnotthemainpurpose.OptionDisincorrectbecauseentertainmentisnottheprimarygoalofeducation.10.参考答案：D解析：Thesentence"Shemayplaythepiano"isanexampleofmodality.Modalityreferstotheuseofwordsorphrasestoexpresspossibility,permission,ornecessity.OptionAisincorrectbecause"can"expressesability,notmodality.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitisinthepresentcontinuoustense.OptionCisincorrectbecause"will"expressesfutureaction,notmodality.OptionDiscorrectbecause"may"expressespossibility.二、填空题1.参考答案：hot解析：本题考查形容词的用法。题干描述了上海的天气特点，夏天通常很热，冬天很冷。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“热”的形容词，hot符合题意。2.参考答案：tiring解析：本题考查形容词的用法。题干描述了为什么喜欢篮球，因为它既累人又刺激。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“累人”的形容词，tiring符合题意。3.参考答案：well解析：本题考查副词的用法。题干描述了一个有才华的音乐家，她弹钢琴弹得很好。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“好地”的副词，well符合题意。4.参考答案：difficult解析：本题考查形容词的用法。题干描述了从图书馆借来的书很难，需要仔细阅读。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“难”的形容词，difficult符合题意。5.参考答案：often解析：本题考查副词的用法。题干描述了为了提高英语水平，每天应该练习。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“经常”的副词，often符合题意。6.参考答案：in解析：本题考查介词的用法。题干描述了会议将在早上9点开始。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“在”的介词，in符合题意。7.参考答案：kind解析：本题考查形容词的用法。题干描述了他对家人和朋友很友好，总是愿意帮助他们。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“友好”的形容词，kind符合题意。8.参考答案：highly解析：本题考查副词的用法。题干描述了博物馆收藏了非常珍贵的古代文物。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“高度地”的副词，highly符合题意。9.参考答案：important解析：本题考查形容词的用法。题干描述了我们需要保护环境，因为这对我们的未来很重要。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“重要”的形容词，important符合题意。10.参考答案：personal解析：本题考查形容词的用法。题干描述了老师让我们写一篇关于个人经历的作文。根据句意，空格处应填入表示“个人的”的形容词，personal符合题意。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：RomeoMontagueisindeedthemaincharacterinWilliamShakespeare'splay"RomeoandJuliet."Thenameiswell-knowninliterature,andthecharacteriscentraltotheplot,makingthisstatementcorrect.2.参考答案：√解析："Togo"isanirregularverbinEnglish,asitdoesnotfollowthestandardpatternofregularverbs.Itspasttenseis"went"anditspastparticipleis"gone,"whicharenotformedbyadding"-ed"tothebaseform.Thismakesthestatementcorrect.3.参考答案：×解析：TheGreatWallofChinaisnotvisiblefromspacewiththenakedeye.Thisisacommonmisconception.AstronautshaveconfirmedthattheGreatWallisnotvisiblefromlowEarthorbitduetoitswidthandthedistance.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.4.参考答案：×解析：Photosynthesisprimarilyoccursintheleavesofplants,nottheroots.Leavescontainchloroplasts,whichareessentialforphotosynthesis.Rootsaremainlyresponsibleforabsorbingwaterandnutrients.Thus,thestatementisincorrect.5.参考答案：√解析：ThechemicalsymbolforgoldisAu,whichisderivedfromitsLatinnameAurum.Thisisawell-establishedfactinchemistry,andthestatementiscorrect.6.参考答案：√解析：ThePythagoreantheoremstatesthatinaright-angledtriangle,thesquareofthehypotenuseisequaltothesumofthesquaresoftheothertwosides.Thisisafundamentalprincipleingeometryandismathematicallyaccurate,makingthestatementcorrect.7.参考答案：×解析：TheRenaissancewasaperiodofcultural,artistic,political,andeconomic"rebirth"followingtheMiddleAges.Itwasatimeofgreatadvancementsandinnovations,notaperiodofdecline.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.8.参考答案：√解析：TheNileRiveristhelongestriverintheworld,measuringapproximately6,650kilometers(4,132miles).Thisisawidelyacceptedfact,makingthestatementcorrect.9.参考答案：√解析：TheEarth'smoondoeshaveitsowngravitationalfield.Themoon'sgravityaffectsthetidesonEarthandisresponsibleforkeepingthemooninorbitaroundtheEarth.Thus,thestatementiscorrect.10.参考答案：×解析：ThemusicalscaleDmajorconsistsofthenotesD,E,F#,G,A,B,C#.ThenoteF#issharp,notFnatural.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：TheBritisheducationsystemischaracterizedbyacombinationofstateandprivateschools,anationalcurriculum,andasystemofexaminations.Itincludesprimaryeducation,secondaryeducation,andhighereducation.解析：TheBritisheducationsystemisknownforitsdiversestructure,whichincludesbothstate-fundedschoolsandprivateschools.Thenationalcurriculumsetsoutthesubjectsthatstudentsmuststudyateachstageoftheireducation.Examinations,suchasGCSEsandA-levels,areasignificantpartofthesystem,usedtoassessstudents'knowledgeanddeterminetheirprogressiontohighereducation.Thesystemalsoemphasizesabroadrangeofsubjects,includingartsandsciences,toensureawell-roundededucation.2.参考答案：TheUKgovernmentisaconstitutionalmonarchywithaparliamentarydemocracy.ThePrimeMinisteristheheadofgovernment,andtheParliamentisthelegislature.解析：TheUKgovernmentoperatesunderaconstitutionalmonarchy,wherethemonarchistheheadofstatebuthasalargelyceremonialrole.ThePrimeMinister,whoisusuallytheleaderofthemajoritypartyintheParliament,istheheadofgovernment.TheParliament,whichconsistsoftheHouseofCommonsandtheHouseofLords,isresponsibleformakinglaws.Thesystemensuresabalanceofpowerbetweentheexecutive,legislative,andjudicialbranches.3.参考答案：TheUKhasaparliamentarydemocracyandconstitutionalmonarchy,whiletheUShasapresidentialrepublicandafederalsystem.TheUK'sgovernmentisledbythePrimeMinister,whereastheUS'sgovernmentisledbythePresident.解析：ThepoliticalsystemsoftheUKandtheUSdiffersignificantly.TheUK'ssystemisbasedonaparliamentarydemocracy,wherethePrimeMinister,whoisusuallytheleaderofthemajoritypartyintheHouseofCommons,holdsexecutivepower.Incontrast,theUShasapresidentialrepublicwithafederalsystem,wherethePresidentisboththeheadofstateandtheheadofgovernment.TheUSsystemalsofeaturesaseparationofpowersbetweenthelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranches,whichisnotpresentintheUKsystem.4.参考答案：TheUKfacesseveralsocialandeconomicchallenges,includinghighunemployment,poverty,andinequality.Economicchallengesincludeahighnationaldebtandarelianceonthefinancialsector.解析：TheUKfacesvarioussocialandeconomicchallenges.Socially,issuessuchashighunemployment,poverty,andincomeinequalityaresignificantconcerns.Economically,theUKhasahighnationaldebtandastrongrelianceonthefinancialsector,whichmakesitvulnerabletoglobaleconomicdownturns.Additionally,theUK'sagingpopulationandthestrainonpublicservicesareongoingchallenges.5.参考答案：TheEUhasbeenimportantfortheUKintermsoftrade,politicalcooperation,andeconomicstability.IthasprovidedaframeworkfortheUKtoengageininternationaltradeandhasfosteredpoliticalcooperationamongmemberstates.解析：TheEuropeanUnionhasplayedacrucialroleintheUK'sdevelopment.Economically,theEUhasprovidedalargemarketforUKexportsandhasfacilitatedtradethroughthesinglemarket.Politically,theEUhasfosteredcooperationamongmemberstatesonvariousissues,includingsecurityandenvironmentalpolicy.TheEUhasalsocontributedtoeconomicstabilitythroughitspoliciesandinstitutions.6.参考答案：TheUKhasbeenaffectedbyglobalizationthroughincreasedinternationaltrade,culturalexchange,andthemovementofpeople.Ithasalsofacedchallengessuchasjoblossesincertainindustriesandincreasedcompetition.解析：GlobalizationhashadasignificantimpactontheUK.Increasedinternationaltradehasledtonewopportunitiesbutalsochallenges,suchasjoblossesi