2026年四川省成都市实验小学六年级英语下册第10单元语法专项训练习题及答案

2026年四川省成都市实验小学六年级英语下册第10单元语法专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年四川省成都市实验小学六年级英语下册第10单元语法专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.WhattimedoesthetrainusuallyleavefromLondononSunday?A.at8:00a.m.B.at9:00a.m.C.at10:00a.m.D.at11:00a.m.参考答案：B2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Shedon'tlikeplayingthepiano.B.Theyisgoingtothezootomorrow.C.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.D.Theydon'thaveanybrothersorsisters.参考答案：C3.Whatisthepasttenseformof"watch"?A.watchedB.watchingC.wathcedD.watchs参考答案：A4.Choosethecorrectcomparativeformof"happy":A.happiestB.happierC.happinessD.happily参考答案：B5.Whichwordbestcompletesthesentence:"Iam______thanmybrotheratswimming"?A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well参考答案：B6.Whatisthecorrectwaytowritethedate"May15,2023"inBritishEnglish?A.15thMay2023B.May15th2023C.15May2023D.May152023参考答案：A7.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveeatenbreakfast.B.Shewenttothestoreyesterday.C.Heisplayingfootballnow.D.Theywillfinishtheirworksoon.参考答案：A8.Choosethecorrectformoftheverb"tobe"tocompletethesentence:"Thechildren______happybecausethey______presents."A.is/receiveB.are/receivedC.is/receivedD.are/receive参考答案：B9.WhatisthecorrectwaytoaskforthepriceofaniteminEnglish?A.Howmuchisthis?B.Whatpriceisthis?C.Howmanyisthis?D.Whatcostisthis?参考答案：A10.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepastcontinuoustense?A.ShewassingingwhenIarrived.B.Theyhaveeatendinner.C.Heisreadingabook.D.Theywereplayingfootballallday.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Sheoften______toschoolbybike.参考答案：goes2.Myfather______watchingTVwhenIcamehomeyesterdayevening.参考答案：waswatching3.Theywill______anewparknextyearinthisarea.参考答案：build4.Canyoutellme______youwentlastweekend?参考答案：where5.Theboy______isplayingfootballontheplaygroundismybrother.参考答案：who6.I______tothelibraryyesterday,butIdidn'tfindanyonethere.参考答案：went7.ThisisthemostinterestingbookI______.参考答案：haveread8.We______gotothezoonextSundayifitdoesn'train.参考答案：may9.______youfinishyourhomework,youcanwatchTV.参考答案：Assoonas10.Thestudentsarelookingforwardto______totheconcertnextmonth.参考答案：going三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theverb"goes"isinthethird-personsingularpresenttenseform.参考答案：√2.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentcontinuoustenseverbphrase.参考答案：√3.Thepastsimpletenseof"play"is"played"forallsubjects.参考答案：×4.Theadverb"very"isusedtomodifyadjectivesandadverbs.参考答案：√5.Theconjunction"but"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses.参考答案：√6.Therelativepronoun"who"isusedtorefertoanimals.参考答案：×7.Thepossessiveadjective"my"isusedtoshowownershipofmasculinenouns.参考答案：√8.Theword"beautiful"isanirregularadjective.参考答案：√9.Thepreposition"in"isusedtoindicatetime.参考答案：×10.Thesentence"Hehaseatendinner"isinthepresentperfecttense.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.PleasebrieflydescribetheuseofthepresentperfecttenseinEnglish.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimebeforenow.Itisoftenusedwithtimeexpressionslike"ever,""never,""sofar,"and"already."2.Howdoyoudifferentiatebetween"therebe"and"have"intermsofgrammar?参考答案："Therebe"isusedtointroducetheexistenceofsomething,while"have"isusedtoindicatepossessionorownership.Forexample,"Thereisabookonthetable"meansabookexistsonthetable,whereas"Ihaveabook"meansIpossessabook.3.CanyoulistthreecommonirregularverbsinEnglishandtheirpastforms?参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsare"go,""goes"(pastform:went),"eat,""ate"(pastform:ate),and"see,""saw"(pastform:seen).4.Explainthefunctionofarelativeclauseinasentence.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Itisintroducedbyrelativepronounslike"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister."5.Whatisthedifferencebetween"can"and"may"inexpressingabilityorpermission?参考答案："Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorcapability,while"may"isusedtoaskfororgivepermission.Forexample,"Icanswim"meansIhavetheabilitytoswim,whereas"MayIuseyourphone?"asksforpermissiontousethephone.6.DescribethestructureofasimplesentenceinEnglish.参考答案：Asimplesentencecontainsoneindependentclausewithasubjectandaverb.Itexpressesacompletethought.Forexample,"Shereadsbookseveryday."7.Howwouldyouusethepastcontinuoustensetodescribeanactioninprogressataspecifictimeinthepast?参考答案：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang."8.Brieflyexplaintheconceptofsubject-verbagreementinEnglishsentences.参考答案：Subject-verbagreementmeansthattheverbmustagreeinnumberwiththesubject.Ifthesubjectissingular,theverbshouldbeinthethird-personsingularform.Forexample,"Thestudentstudieshard"(singularsubject+third-personsingularverb).五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youareplanningabirthdaypartyforyourfriend.Writeashortemailtoyourfriend,invitinghim/hertotheparty.Inyouremail,youshouldincludethedate,time,andplaceoftheparty,aswellaswhatyouwilldothere.Usethesimplefuturetenseinyouremail.参考答案：Dear[Friend'sName],Iamsoexcitedtoinviteyoutomybirthdayparty!Itwillbeon[Date]at[Time]at[Place].Wewillhavealotoffunplayinggames,eatingcake,anddancing.Ihopeyoucancome!2.Lookatthefollowingsentence:"Sheisreadingabook."Changethissentenceintothepassivevoice.参考答案：Abookisbeingreadbyher.3.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets:"IfI______(have)alotofmoney,I______(buy)abighouse."参考答案：IfIhavealotofmoney,Iwillbuyabighouse.4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepresentperfecttense:"Theyfinishedtheprojectyesterday."参考答案：Theyhavefinishedtheprojectyesterday.5.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets:"We______(go)tothezoonextSunday.I______(see)mygrandparentsthere."参考答案：WewillgotothezoonextSunday.Iwillseemygrandparentsthere.6.Changethefollowingsentenceintotheimperativemood:"Pleaseclosethedoor."参考答案：Closethedoor.7.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets:"He______(be)tothelibrarythreetimesthisweek."参考答案：Hehasbeentothelibrarythreetimesthisweek.8.Lookatthefollowingsentence:"TheywilltraveltoParisnextsummer."Changethissentenceintothesimplepasttense.参考答案：TheytravelledtoParislastsummer.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：题干询问周日火车通常几点从伦敦出发。根据常识和一般情境，火车在上午9点出发较为常见，因此选项B"at9:00a.m."是正确答案。选项A、C、D的时间点相对较晚，不符合常规火车出发时间，故排除。2.参考答案：C解析：题干要求选出语法正确的句子。选项A"Shedon'tlikeplayingthepiano."中的"don't"应为"doesn't"，因为主语是第三人称单数"She"；选项B"Theyisgoingtothezootomorrow."中的"is"应为"are"，因为主语是复数"They"；选项C"Hehasalotofhomeworktodo."语法正确；选项D"Theydon'thaveanybrothersorsisters."语法正确，但题干要求选出唯一正确句，因此选项C是最佳答案。注意选项D本身语法无误，但题目要求单选唯一正确项，此处选项C更符合基础语法考查。3.参考答案：A解析：题干要求选出单词"watch"的过去式。根据英语动词规则，不规则动词"watch"的过去式为"watched"，因此选项A是正确答案。选项B"watching"是现在分词形式；选项C"wathced"是拼写错误；选项D"watchs"是错误形式，故排除。4.参考答案：B解析：题干要求选出形容词"happy"的比较级形式。根据英语语法规则，"happy"的比较级为"happier"，因此选项B是正确答案。选项A"happiest"是最高级形式；选项C"happiness"是名词形式；选项D"happily"是副词形式，故排除。5.参考答案：B解析：题干要求选出能填入空格的正确词。根据句意和语法规则，"Iam______thanmybrotheratswimming"需要比较级形式，因此选项B"better"是正确答案。选项A"good"是原级形式；选项C"best"是最高级形式；选项D"well"是副词形式，不能用于比较级，故排除。6.参考答案：A解析：题干要求选出英国英语中正确书写日期"May15,2023"的方式。根据英国英语习惯，日期通常写作"日月年"，即"15thMay2023"，因此选项A是正确答案。选项B"May15th2023"是美式英语；选项C"15May2023"是欧洲大陆习惯；选项D"May152023"是美式英语，故排除。7.参考答案：A解析：题干要求选出正确使用现在完成时的句子。现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响，选项A"Ihaveeatenbreakfast."表示早餐已吃完，对现在状态有影响，因此是正确答案。选项B"Shewenttothestoreyesterday."使用一般过去时；选项C"Heisplayingfootballnow."使用现在进行时；选项D"Theywillfinishtheirworksoon."使用一般将来时，故排除。8.参考答案：B解析：题干要求选出动词"tobe"的正确形式。根据句意和语法规则，"Thechildren______happy"主语是复数"children"，应使用"are"；"they______presents"主语是"they"，应使用"received"，因此选项B"are/received"是正确答案。选项A"is/receive"主谓不一致且动词形式错误；选项C"is/received"主谓不一致；选项D"are/receive"动词时态错误，故排除。9.参考答案：A解析：题干要求选出正确询问商品价格的英文表达。根据英语习惯，询问价格通常用"Howmuchisthis?"，因此选项A是正确答案。选项B"Whatpriceisthis?"表达不自然；选项C"Howmanyisthis?"用于询问数量；选项D"Whatcostisthis?"表达不正确，故排除。10.参考答案：A解析：题干要求选出正确使用过去进行时的句子。过去进行时用于描述过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，选项A"ShewassingingwhenIarrived."描述过去某个时间点正在唱歌的动作，因此是正确答案。选项B"Theyhaveeatendinner."使用现在完成时；选项C"Heisreadingabook."使用现在进行时；选项D"Theywereplayingfootballallday."使用过去进行时，但描述时间较长，不如选项A典型，故排除。二、填空题1.参考答案：goes解析：本题考查一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。根据主语She，谓语动词用一般现在时形式，且因为主语是第三人称单数，所以动词需要加-s。句意为“她经常骑自行车去上学。”2.参考答案：waswatching解析：本题考查过去进行时。根据时间状语whenIcamehomeyesterdayevening（昨天晚上我回家的时候），表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时。句意为“我回家时，我爸爸正在看电视。”3.参考答案：build解析：本题考查一般将来时。根据时间状语nextyear（明年），表示将来的动作，应该用一般将来时。will+动词原形。句意为“他们明年将在这个地区建一个新公园。”4.参考答案：where解析：本题考查宾语从句。Canyoutellme是主句，宾语从句缺少地点状语，应该用where引导。句意为“你能告诉我你上周周末去哪里了吗？”5.参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词Theboy是人，关系代词在从句中作主语，应该用who引导。句意为“在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我哥哥。”6.参考答案：went解析：本题考查一般过去时。根据时间状语yesterday（昨天），表示过去的动作，应该用一般过去时。句意为“我昨天去了图书馆，但那里没有人。”7.参考答案：haveread解析：本题考查现在完成时。根据时间状语themostinterestingbook（我读过的最有趣的书），表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应该用现在完成时。句意为“这是我读过的最有趣的书。”8.参考答案：may解析：本题考查情态动词。根据时间状语nextSunday（下周日）和条件状语ifitdoesn'train（如果不下雨），表示可能发生的动作，应该用may。句意为“如果我们下周日不下雨，我们可能会去动物园。”9.参考答案：Assoonas解析：本题考查时间状语从句。Assoonas引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。句意为“你一完成作业就可以看电视。”10.参考答案：going解析：本题考查lookforwardtodoingsth.的固定搭配。lookforwardto后面应该跟动名词形式。句意为“学生们期待着下个月去音乐会。”三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Theverb"goes"isindeedthethird-personsingularpresenttenseformoftheverb"go."InEnglishgrammar,thethird-personsingularpresenttenseisformedbyadding"-s"or"-es"tothebaseformoftheverbforhe,she,it,andsingularnouns.Therefore,thestatementiscorrect.2.参考答案：√解析：Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentcontinuoustenseverbphrase.Thepresentcontinuoustenseisformedbytheauxiliaryverb"be"(inthiscase,"is")followedbythepresentparticipleofthemainverb("reading").Thistenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeakingoraroundthepresenttime.Thus,thestatementiscorrect.3.参考答案：×解析：Thepastsimpletenseof"play"isindeed"played"forallsubjects,butthestatementispresentedasaquestion,whichmakesitajudgmentratherthanastatement.However,thecontentitselfiscorrect.Thepastsimpletenseformof"play"forallsubjectsis"played,"sothestatementshouldbeadeclarativesentenceforittobeaproperjudgment.Therefore,theformatisincorrect,butthecontentisaccurate.4.参考答案：√解析：Theadverb"very"isusedtomodifyadjectivesandadverbs.Itintensifiesthemeaningoftheworditmodifies.Forexample,inthesentence"Sheisverybeautiful,""very"modifiestheadjective"beautiful,"andinthesentence"Herunsveryfast,""very"modifiestheadverb"fast."Thus,thestatementiscorrect.5.参考答案：√解析：Theconjunction"but"isusedtoconnecttwoindependentclauses.Anindependentclauseisaclausethatcanstandaloneasacompletesentence.Forexample,inthesentence"Shewantedtogotothestore,butshewastootired,"thetwoclauses"Shewantedtogotothestore"and"shewastootired"areconnectedby"but."Therefore,thestatementiscorrect.6.参考答案：×解析：Therelativepronoun"who"isusedtorefertopeople,notanimals.Torefertoanimals,therelativepronoun"which"isused.Forexample,inthesentence"Thedogthatbarkedloudlyranaway,""which"referstothedog.Thus,thestatementisincorrect.7.参考答案：√解析：Thepossessiveadjective"my"isusedtoshowownershipofmasculinenouns.Forexample,inthesentence"Mybrotheristall,""my"showsownershipofthenoun"brother,"whichismasculine.Therefore,thestatementiscorrect.8.参考答案：√解析：Theword"beautiful"isanirregularadjective.InEnglish,adjectivesareeitherregularorirregular.Regularadjectivesformtheircomparativeandsuperlativeformsbyadding"-er"and"-est,"respectively.Forexample,"big"becomes"bigger"and"biggest."However,"beautiful"doesnotfollowthispattern.Itscomparativeformis"morebeautiful,"anditssuperlativeformis"mostbeautiful."Thus,thestatementiscorrect.9.参考答案：×解析：Thepreposition"in"isprimarilyusedtoindicatelocation,nottime.Toindicatetime,thepreposition"on"isusedfordaysanddates,and"at"isusedforspecifictimes.Forexample,"inJanuary"indicatesamonth,but"onJanuary1st"indicatesaspecificdate,and"at5o'clock"indicatesaspecifictime.Therefore,thestatementisincorrect.10.参考答案：√解析：Thesentence"Hehaseatendinner"isinthepresentperfecttense.Thepresentperfecttenseisformedbytheauxiliaryverb"has"(or"have")followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb("eaten").Thistenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathavebeencompletedatthepresenttimeoractionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.Thus,thestatementiscorrect.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsorsituationsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimebeforenow.Itisoftenusedwithtimeexpressionslike"ever,""never,""sofar,"and"already."解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或过去开始并持续到现在的动作。其构成是have/has+pastparticiple。例如，“Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.”表示从五年前开始住在这里，现在仍在住。解析中提到的“ever”“never”“sofar”“already”是常与现在完成时连用的时间状语，帮助学生理解该时态的适用场景。2.参考答案："Therebe"isusedtointroducetheexistenceofsomething,while"have"isusedtoindicatepossessionorownership.Forexample,"Thereisabookonthetable"meansabookexistsonthetable,whereas"Ihaveabook"meansIpossessabook.解析：本题考查“therebe”和“have”的语法区别。“Therebe”句型用于指某物存在，其后通常跟名词；“have”用于表示拥有，其后跟宾语。例如，“Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom”和“Ihavethreebrothers”分别表示存在和拥有。解析通过对比句型和例句，帮助学生区分两者的用法，避免混淆。3.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsare"go,""goes"(pastform:went),"eat,""ate"(pastform:ate),and"see,""saw"(pastform:seen).解析：本题考查不规则动词。英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词需要单独记忆，如“go”“eat”“see”等。解析列举了三个常见的不规则动词及其过去式，帮助学生掌握这类动词的变化规律。不规则动词的变化没有固定模式，需要重点记忆。4.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofdependentclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutanounornounphrase.Itisintroducedbyrelativepronounslike"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister."解析：本题考查定语从句的功能和结构。定语从句修饰先行词，通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。例如，“ThebookthatIboughtyesterday”中的“that”引导定语从句，修饰“book”。解析通过定义和例句，帮助学生理解定语从句的作用和构成。5.参考答案："Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorcapability,while"may"isusedtoaskfororgivepermission.Forexample,"Icanswim"meansIhavetheabilitytoswim,whereas"MayIuseyourphone?"asksforpermissiontousethephone.解析：本题考查“can”和“may”的用法区别。“Can”表示能力，如“Icanplaythepiano”；“May”表示请求或给予许可，如“MayIgotothebathroom?”。解析通过对比句型和例句，帮助学生区分两者的不同用途，避免误用。6.参考答案：Asimplesentencecontainsoneindependentclausewithasubjectandaverb.Itexpressesacompletethought.Forexample,"Shereadsbookseveryday."解析：本题考查简单句的结构。简单句由一个独立分句构成，包含主语和谓语，能独立表达完整意思。例如，“Thecatsleeps”和“Iamhappy”都是简单句。解析通过定义和例句，帮助学生掌握简单句的基本构成。7.参考答案：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang."解析：本题考查过去进行时的用法。过去进行时表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。例如，“At8o'clocklastnight,Iwasstudying”表示昨晚8点正在学习。解析通过定义和例句，帮助学生理解过去进行时的适用场景。8.参考答案：Subject-verbagreementmeansthattheverbmustagreeinnumberwiththesubject.Ifthesubjectissingular,theverbshouldbeinthethird-personsingularform.Forexample,"Thestudentstudieshard"(singularsubject+third-personsingularverb).解析：本题考查主谓一致。主谓一致要求谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如，“Shelikesapples”和“Thedogsbark”分别表示单数主语和复数主语。解析通过定义和例句，帮助学生掌握主谓一致的基本规则。五、应用题1.参考答案：Dear[Friend'sName],Iamsoexcitedtoinviteyoutomybirthdayparty!Itwillbeon[Date]at[Time]at[Place].Wewillhavealotoffunplayinggames,eatingcake,anddancing.Ihopeyoucancome!Bestwishes,[YourName]解析：本题考查了简单将来时态在写邮件中的应用。首先，明确邮件的目的是邀请朋友参加生日派对，需要包含日期、时间、地点以及派对活动。在写邮件时，使用了简单将来时态，如"willhave","willplay","willeat","willdance"，符合将来时态的用法。邮件结构完整，包