2026年重庆市湘教版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空习题

2026年重庆市湘教版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Lioftenasksusto_______ourhomeworkbeforeclass,butIthinkit'sagoodwaytoimproveourlearningefficiency.A.finishdoingB.finishtodoC.dofinishingD.befinisheddoing参考答案：A解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。动词ask后常跟宾语从句，但此处需填入宾语补足语，表示“做某事”的状态。finishdoingsth.意为“做完某事”，符合句意。B项finishtodosth.结构错误；C项dofinishing搭配不当；D项befinisheddoing表示被动，与语境不符。2.TheteachertoldthestudentsthattheGreatWallwas_______innorthernChinathousandsofyearsago.A.builtB.buildsC.wasbuiltD.willbebuilt参考答案：A解析：本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语thousandsofyearsago和主语theGreatWall（物作主语），需用一般过去时的被动语态。B项为一般现在时主动语态；C项时态和语态均错误；D项为一般将来时，与时间状语矛盾。3.Mysister_______Englishsinceshewastenyearsold,andnowshecancommunicatewithforeignersfreely.A.hasbeenlearningB.haslearnedC.islearningD.willlearn参考答案：A解析：本题考查现在完成进行时的用法。since引导时间状语从句，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，且可能继续进行，需用现在完成进行时。B项为现在完成时，缺少进行时态；C项为一般现在时；D项为一般将来时，均不符合语境。4._______youfinishyourproject,theearlieryoucangohomefortheweekend.A.MorequicklyB.ThemorequicklyC.MorequickD.Thequicker参考答案：B解析：本题考查比较级句型。句型The+比较级...,the+比较级...表示“越…越…”，符合句意。A项缺少定冠词the；C项形容词quick不可修饰副词quickly；D项quicker为比较级但缺少定冠词。5.Ifit_______tomorrow,wewillhavetochangeourplan.A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'tberainingD.isn'training参考答案：B解析：本题考查一般现在时表将来。if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时。A项won'train为一般将来时；C项won'tberaining为将来进行时；D项isn'training为一般现在时，但主句需用will，不符合规则。6.Theboy_______isplayingbasketballontheplaygroundismybrother.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose参考答案：A解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词theboy指人，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who。B项whom在从句中作宾语；C项that可指人或物，但需在从句中作主语或宾语；D项whose作定语，表示“…的”。7.It'simportantforstudentsto_______theirtimeeffectivelybetweenstudyandhobbies.A.arrangeB.arrangeforC.bearrangedD.bearrangedfor参考答案：A解析：本题考查动词搭配。动词arrange与介词for搭配时，需省略for，直接用arrangesth.，符合句意。B项arrangeforsth.意为“为某事安排”；C、D项为被动语态，与语境不符。8.Myparentsalwaystellmeto_______politetoothers,nomatterhowbusytheyare.A.beB.beingC.bebeingD.being参考答案：A解析：本题考查祈使句。动词tellsb.todosth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，需用动词原形。B、D项缺少be动词；C项bebeing为被动进行时，不符合祈使句结构。9.Thebook_______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom参考答案：A解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词thebook指物，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which。B项that可指物，但需在从句中作主语或宾语；C项whose作定语；D项whom指人。10.Ifyou_______morecarefully,youwouldn'thavemadesuchamistake.A.hadworkedB.workedC.hadbeenworkingD.wereworking参考答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句用wouldhavedone，从句用一般过去时。A、C项为过去完成时或过去进行时，不符合规则；D项为一般过去时，但主句需用wouldhavedone。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thecompanyislookingforsomeone_______(have)goodcommunicationskillsandteamworkability.参考答案：whohas解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词someone指人，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who，引导定语从句，谓语动词用一般现在时。2.Bythetimetheyarrivedattheairport,theplane_______(alreadytake)off.参考答案：hadalreadytaken解析：本题考查过去完成时。bythetime引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示动作发生在从句动作之前，需用过去完成时。3.It'simportantto_______(protect)theenvironmentforthefuturegenerations.参考答案：protect解析：本题考查非谓语动词。动词不定式todosth.作目的状语，表示“为了做某事”。4.Mysister_______(study)Englishforfiveyears,andshehasimprovedalot.参考答案：hasstudied解析：本题考查现在完成时。forfiveyears表示动作持续的时间，主句用现在完成时。5.IfI_______you,Iwouldcallhimimmediatelytoapologize.参考答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的从句表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句用woulddo，从句用一般过去时（be动词用were）。6.Theman_______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词theman指人，且在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。7.We_______(notgo)tothepartyifitrainstomorrow.参考答案：won'tgo解析：本题考查一般将来时。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。8.Thegirl_______hairislongandbeautifulismybestfriend.参考答案：whose解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词thegirl指人，且在从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose，表示“…的”。9.Myfather_______(be)busyalldayyesterdaybecausehehadtofinishtheprojectontime.参考答案：was解析：本题考查一般过去时。根据时间状语yesterday，主句用一般过去时。10.It'snecessaryforus_______(follow)therulesoftheschool.参考答案：tofollow解析：本题考查非谓语动词。动词不定式todosth.作目的状语，表示“为了做某事”。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteacheraskeduswhetherwehadfinishedourhomeworkornot.(×)解析：whether...ornot引导宾语从句时，whether不可省略，而if可省略。正确表达为Theteacheraskeduswhetherwehadfinishedourhomeworkornot.2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.(×)解析：if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时。正确表达为Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.3.Theboywhoisplayingfootballismybrother.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词theboy指人，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。4.Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourclass.(×)解析：形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。正确表达为Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourclass.5.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词thebook指物，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。6.IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallhim.(√)解析：虚拟语气正确，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用were。7.Thegirlwhosehairislongismysister.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词thegirl指人，且在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导。8.Heistallerthananyboyinhisclass.(×)解析：比较级前需加定冠词the。正确表达为Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.9.Thegirlwhoissingingonthestageismymother.(√)解析：定语从句正确，先行词thegirl指人，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。10.Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.(×)解析：if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时。正确表达为Ifyouworkhard(now),youwillsucceed(later).四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Howdoyouusuallyspendyourweekend?参考答案：Iusuallyspendmyweekendstudying,readingbooks,orplayingwithmyfriends.SometimesIalsohelpmyparentswithhousework.解析：本题考查日常活动表达。答案需包含具体活动，如study,read,play,help等，体现多样性。2.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantskillforstudentstolearn?参考答案：Ithinkthemostimportantskillforstudentstolearnistimemanagement.Ithelpsusbalancestudyandhobbies,andimproveefficiency.解析：本题考查技能重要性分析。答案需明确指出timemanagement，并解释其作用，如balance,improve等。3.Whydoyouthinkit'simportanttobepolitetoothers?参考答案：Beingpolitehelpsusbuildgoodrelationshipswithothers.Itshowsrespectandmakespeoplefeelcomfortable.解析：本题考查礼貌的重要性。答案需包含respect,relationships,comfort等关键词，体现逻辑性。4.Howcanweprotecttheenvironment?参考答案：Wecanprotecttheenvironmentbyrecyclingwaste,plantingtrees,andsavingenergy.解析：本题考查环保措施。答案需包含具体行动，如recycle,plant,save等，体现可行性。5.Whatwillyoudoifyouhavealotofhomework?参考答案：IfIhavealotofhomework,Iwillmakeaplantofinishitstepbystep.Iwillalsoaskmyclassmatesforhelpifnecessary.解析：本题考查问题解决策略。答案需包含plan,stepbystep,askforhelp等关键词，体现条理性。6.WhydoyouthinklearningEnglishisimportant?参考答案：LearningEnglishhelpsuscommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Italsoopensmoreopportunitiesforourfuture.解析：本题考查英语学习意义。答案需包含communicate,opportunities等关键词，体现全球视野。7.Howdoyouusuallystudyforexams?参考答案：Iusuallystudyforexamsbyreviewingnotes,doingexercises,andaskingteachersifIhavequestions.解析：本题考查学习方法。答案需包含review,exercises,ask等关键词，体现系统性。8.Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytomakefriends?参考答案：Thebestwaytomakefriendsistobekind,honest,andinterestedinothers.Joiningclubsoractivitiescanalsohelp.解析：本题考查交友方法。答案需包含kind,honest,clubs等关键词，体现双向性。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyouusuallyspendyourweekend.参考答案：Myweekendisusuallybusybutfun.OnSaturdays,Istudyforafewhoursandthenplaybasketballwithmyfriends.OnSundays,Ihelpmyparentswithhouseworkinthemorningandreadbooksintheafternoon.Ialsowatchmovieswithmyfamilyintheevening.Ithinkmyweekendiswell安排becauseitbalancesstudyandrelaxation.解析：本题考查写作能力。答案需包含具体活动安排，如study,play,help,read等，体现时间管理。2.Imagineyouareinterviewingafamouswriter.Writeadialogue(about100words)betweenyouandthewriter.参考答案：Student:Hello,IamastudentfromClass1.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutyourwritingcareer?Writer:Sure.IstartedwritingwhenIwasachild,andIalwaysdreamedofbecomingawriter.MyfirstbookwaspublishedwhenIwas25.Student:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingforwriters?Writer:Ithinkpassionandhardworkarethemostimportant.Youshouldlovewhatyoudoandnevergiveup.Student:Thankyouverymuchforyouradvice!Writer:You'rewelcome.Keepwriting,andyouwillsucceed.解析：本题考查口语交际能力。答案需包含采访场景，如career,passion,hardwork等关键词，体现逻辑性。3.Supposeyouareplanningaschooltrip.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutwhereyouwanttogoandwhy.参考答案：IwouldliketogototheGreatWallforourschooltrip.ItisafamoustouristattractioninChinaandhasalonghistory.VisitingtheGreatWallcanhelpuslearnaboutChinesecultureandhistory.Itwillalsobeagreatexperienceforustoseethebeautifulscenerytogether.Ithinkitwillbeanunforgettabletrip.解析：本题考查计划能力。答案需包含地点选择，如GreatWall,culture,history等关键词，体现合理性。4.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyoucanhelpyourparentswithhousework.参考答案：Icanhelpmyparentswithhouseworkinmanyways.Inthemorning,Icanmakebreakfastorcleanthekitchen.Intheafternoon,Icandothelaundryorhelpwithgardening.Onweekends,Icanvacuumthefloororcleanthewindows.Helpingmyparentswithhouseworknotonlymakesthemhappybutalsoteachesmeresponsibility.解析：本题考查家务劳动能力。答案需包含具体行动，如makebreakfast,clean,dolaundry等，体现积极性。5.Supposeyouareateacher.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyouencourageyourstudentstolearnEnglish.参考答案：IencouragemystudentstolearnEnglishbymakingclassesfunandinteractive.Iusegames,songs,andstoriestohelpthempractice.IalsoencouragethemtoreadEnglishbooksandwatchEnglishmovies.Ibelievethatiftheyenjoylearning,theywillmakeprogressfaster.IalwaystellthemthatEnglishisakeytothefuture.解析：本题考查教学鼓励能力。答案需包含教学方法，如games,songs,reading等，体现启发性。6.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutwhatyouwilldotoprotecttheenvironmentinyourcommunity.参考答案：Toprotecttheenvironmentinmycommunity,Iwilltakemanyactions.Iwillrecyclewasteandreduceusingplasticbags.Iwillalsoplanttreesandflowersinourschoolgarden.Iwillencouragemyfriendstojoinmeintheseactivities.Ibelievethatifweallworktogether,wecanmakeourcommunitycleanerandgreener.解析：本题考查环保行动能力。答案需包含具体措施，如recycle,plant,encourage等，体现责任感。7.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyoubalanceyourstudyandhobbies.参考答案：Ibalancemystudyandhobbiesbymakingaschedule.Istudyforafewhourseverydayandthenspendtimeonmyhobbies,suchasplayingthepianoordrawing.Ialsomakesuretogetenoughsleepandexercise.Ibelievethatabalancedlifeisimportantforourhealthandhappiness.解析：本题考查时间管理能力。答案需包含时间安排，如study,hobbies,sleep等，体现合理性。8.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutwhatyouthinkisthemostimportantqualityforagoodfriend.参考答案：Ithinkthemostimportantqualityforagoodfriendiskindness.Akindfriendisalwaystheretohelpandsupportyou.Theylistentoyourproblemsandgiveyouadvice.Theyalsomakeyoulaughandcheeryouupwhenyouaresad.Ibelievethatagoodfriendshouldmakeyourlifebetterandhappier.解析：本题考查友谊品质分析。答案需包含品质描述，如kindness,help,support等，体现情感性。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.A4.B5.B6.A7.A8.A9.A10.B二、填空题1.whohas2.hadtaken3.toprotect4.hasstudied5.were6.who/that7.won'tgo8.whose9.was10.tofollow三、判断题1.×2.×3.√4.×5.√6.√7.√8.×9.√10.×四、简答题1.Iusuallyspendmyweekendstudying,readingbooks,orplayingwithmyfriends.SometimesIalsohelpmyparentswithhousework.解析：答案需包含具体活动，如study,read,play,help等，体现多样性。2.Themostimportantskillforstudentstolearnistimemanagement.Ithelpsusbalancestudyandhobbies,andimproveefficiency.解析：答案需明确指出timemanagement，并解释其作用，如balance,improve等。3.Beingpolitehelpsusbuildgoodrelationshipswithothers.Itshowsrespectandmakespeoplefeelcomfortable.解析：答案需包含respect,relationships,comfort等关键词，体现逻辑性。4.Wecanprotecttheenvironmentbyrecyclingwaste,plantingtrees,andsavingenergy.解析：答案需包含具体行动，如recycle,plant,save等，体现可行性。5.IfIhavealotofhomework,Iwillmakeaplantofinishitstepbystep.Iwillalsoaskmyclassmatesforhelpifnecessary.解析：答案需包含plan,stepbystep,askforhelp等关键词，体现条理性。6.LearningEnglishhelpsuscommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Italsoopensmoreopportunitiesforourfuture.解析：答案需包含communicate,opportunities等关键词，体现全球视野。7.Iusuallystudyforexamsbyreviewingnotes,doingexercises,andaskingteachersifIhavequestions.解析：答案需包含review,exercises,ask等关键词，体现系统性。8.Thebestwaytomakefriendsistobekind,honest,andinterestedinothers.Joiningclubsoractivitiescanalsohelp.解析：答案需包含kind,honest,clubs等关键词，体现双向性。五、应用题1.Myweekendisusuallybusybutfun.OnSaturdays,Istudyforafewhoursandthenplaybasketballwithmyfriends.OnSundays,Ihelpmyparentswithhouseworkinthemorningandreadbooksintheafternoon.Ialsowatchmovieswithmyfamilyintheevening.Ithinkmyweekendiswell安排becauseitbalancesstudyandrelaxation.解析：答案需包含具体活动安排，如study,play,help,read等，体现时间管理。2.Student:Hello,IamastudentfromClass1.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutyourwritingcareer?Writer:Sure.IstartedwritingwhenIwasachild,andIalwaysdreamedofbecomingawriter.MyfirstbookwaspublishedwhenIwas25.Student:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingforwriters?Writer:Ithinkpassionandhardworkarethemostimportant.Youshouldlovewhatyoudoandnevergiveup.Student:Thankyouverymuchforyouradvice!Writer:You'rewelcome.Keepwriting,andyouwillsucceed.解析：答案需包含采访场景，如career,passion,hardwork等关键词，体现逻辑性。3.IwouldliketogototheGreatWallforourschooltrip.ItisafamoustouristattractioninChinaandhasalonghistory.VisitingtheGreatWallcanhelpuslearnaboutChinesecultureandhistory.Itwillalsobeagreatexperienceforustoseethebeautifulscenerytogether.Ithinkitwillbeanunforgettabletrip.解析：答案需包含地点选择，如GreatWall,culture,history等关键词，体现合理性。4.Icanhelpmyparentswithhouseworkinmanyways.Inthemorning,Icanmakebreakfastorcleanthekitchen.Intheafternoon,Icandothelaundryorhelpwithgardening.Onweekends,