2026 年托业英语考试真题试卷及答案

2026年托业英语考试真题试卷及答案第1页共1页2026年托业英语考试真题试卷及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheTOEICtest?A.Toassessaperson'sabilitytospeakEnglishfluently.B.Toevaluateaperson'sknowledgeofEnglishgrammarrules.C.Tomeasureaperson'sabilitytouseEnglishinabusinessenvironment.D.Todetermineaperson'slevelofEnglishproficiencyforacademicpurposes.参考答案：C2.WhichofthefollowingistypicallyNOTincludedintheTOEICListening&Readingtest?A.Readingcomprehensionpassages.B.Listeningtoconversationsandtalks.C.Writingandspeakingsections.D.Grammarandvocabularyquestions.参考答案：C3.Ifyouscore850ontheTOEICListening&Readingtest,whatdoesitgenerallyindicate?A.YouhaveabasiclevelofEnglishproficiency.B.YoucancommunicateeffectivelyinEnglishinmostbusinesssituations.C.YouneedtoimproveyourEnglishskillssignificantly.D.YouareanadvancedEnglishspeaker.参考答案：B4.WhatshouldyoudoifyouareunsureabouttheanswertoaquestionintheTOEICtest?A.Guessrandomly.B.Skipthequestionandcomebacktoitlater.C.Usetheprocessofeliminationtochoosethebestanswer.D.Askforhelpfromthetestadministrator.参考答案：C5.HowistheTOEICListening&Readingtestscored?A.Basedonthenumberofcorrectanswers.B.Basedonthetimetakentocompletethetest.C.Basedonthedifficultyofthequestionsanswered.D.Basedonacombinationoflisteningandreadingscores.参考答案：A6.WhatistherecommendedtimetospendoneachsectionoftheTOEICtest?A.30minutesforlistening,30minutesforreading.B.45minutesforlistening,45minutesforreading.C.60minutesforlistening,60minutesforreading.D.75minutesforlistening,75minutesforreading.参考答案：B7.WhichofthefollowingisagoodstrategyforpreparingfortheTOEICtest?A.OnlystudyEnglishgrammarrules.B.OnlypracticelisteningtoEnglishconversations.C.Takepracticetestsandreviewyourmistakes.D.Avoidstudyingaltogetherandrelyonluck.参考答案：C8.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheTOEICListening&ReadingtestandtheTOEICSpeaking&Writingtests?A.TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestfocusesonbusinessEnglish,whiletheTOEICSpeaking&WritingtestsfocusonacademicEnglish.B.TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestiseasierthantheTOEICSpeaking&Writingtests.C.TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestisonlyfornativeEnglishspeakers,whiletheTOEICSpeaking&Writingtestsarefornon-nativespeakers.D.Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwotests.参考答案：A9.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmistakemadebytest-takersduringtheTOEICtest?A.Readingthequestionstooquickly.B.Notreviewingtheanswersaftercompletingthetest.C.Spendingtoomuchtimeondifficultquestions.D.Notlisteningcarefullytotheaudiorecordings.参考答案：C10.WhatisthehighestpossiblescoreontheTOEICListening&Readingtest?A.1000.B.2000.C.500.D.100.参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewithexperiencein______tomanagethenewproject.参考答案：internationalbusiness2.IfyouwanttobookaflighttoLondon,youshouldcalltheairlineat______.参考答案：800-123-45673.Pleasemakesuretoarriveatthemeetingroomat______onMondaymorning.参考答案：9:00AM4.Thepriceoftheshirtis20,andthetaxis______.参考答案：45.Sheiscurrentlyworkingonherdegreein______attheUniversityofCalifornia.参考答案：businessadministration6.Thetrainwillarriveatthestationat______tomorrowafternoon.参考答案：3:00PM7.TheaveragetemperatureinJanuaryisabout______degreesCelsius.参考答案：58.HeisfluentinbothEnglishand______.参考答案：Spanish9.Thenewsoftwarewillbeavailablefordownloadonthewebsiteat______.参考答案：June1st10.Themeetingisscheduledtostartat______andendat5PM.参考答案：10:00AM三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thecompanywillholdameetingat9:00AMtomorrow.参考答案：×2.Shehasfinishedherhomework.参考答案：×3.Theyaregoingtotheparkthisweekend.参考答案：×4.Thetrainwillarriveat5:00PM.参考答案：×5.Heisreadingabook.参考答案：×6.Themeetingwillstartat3:00PM.参考答案：×7.Sheiseatingdinnernow.参考答案：×8.TheyhavevisitedParisbefore.参考答案：×9.Themoviewillstartat7:00PM.参考答案：×10.Heisplayingtheguitar.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheTOEICtest?参考答案：ToevaluateEnglishlanguageproficiencyforinternationalbusinesscommunication.2.HowdoestheTOEICListening&ReadingtestdifferfromtheTOEICSpeaking&Writingtests?参考答案：TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestmeasureseverydayEnglishcommunicationskills,whiletheTOEICSpeaking&Writingtestsassesstheabilitytocommunicateorallyandinwritinginaprofessionalsetting.3.WhatarethetwomainsectionsoftheTOEICtest?参考答案：ThetwomainsectionsoftheTOEICtestaretheListening&ReadingsectionandtheSpeaking&Writingsection.4.CanyouexplaintheformatoftheTOEICListening&Readingtest?参考答案：TheTOEICListening&Readingtestconsistsof100multiple-choicequestionsdividedintotwosections:Listening(100questions)andReading(100questions).Eachsectionisscoredseparately,andthetotalscoreisthesumofthetwosections.5.WhatistheTOEICSpeakingtestabout?参考答案：TheTOEICSpeakingtestassessestheabilitytocommunicateorallyinaprofessionalsettingthroughvarioustaskssuchasresponsestoquestions,speakingaboutagiventopic,andinteractingwithapartner.6.HowistheTOEICWritingteststructured?参考答案：TheTOEICWritingtestconsistsoftwotasks:WritingamemooremailandWritingareportorproposal.7.WhatistheTOEICtestusedforbyemployers?参考答案：TheTOEICtestisusedbyemployerstoassesstheEnglishproficiencyofjobcandidates,tosetlanguagerequirementsforjobs,andtomonitortheprogressofemployeesinaninternationalbusinessenvironment.8.HowcancandidatespreparefortheTOEICtest?参考答案：CandidatescanpreparefortheTOEICtestbytakingpracticetests,studyingvocabularyandgrammarrelatedtobusinesstopics,andimprovingtheirlisteningandreadingskillsthroughexposuretoEnglishinabusinesscontext.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Youareworkingasaninternatamultinationalcompany.Yoursupervisor,Mr.Thompson,asksyoutoprepareareportonthecompany'senvironmentalinitiatives.Heprovidesyouwithsomeinformationtoincludeinthereport.Readthefollowinginformationcarefullyandanswerthequestionsbelow.Thecompanyhasimplementedseveralenvironmentalinitiativesoverthepastyear.Oneofthekeyinitiativesisthereductionofpaperusage.Employeesareencouragedtousedigitaldocumentswheneverpossible.Thecompanyhasalsoinstalledenergy-efficientlightinginmanyofficesandhasstartedarecyclingprogramforelectronicwaste.Additionally,thecompanyhascommittedtousingrenewableenergysourcesforitsoperations.Theseinitiativeshavenotonlyhelpedtheenvironmentbuthavealsoreducedthecompany'soperationalcosts.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofthecompanyB.EnvironmentalinitiativesatthecompanyC.EmployeebenefitsD.Companyprofits参考答案：B2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewaythecompanyhasreduceditsenvironmentalimpact?A.ByincreasingpaperusageB.Byusingenergy-efficientlightingC.ByignoringenvironmentalissuesD.Bystoppingallrecyclingprograms参考答案：B3.Whathasthecompanycommittedtodoingregardingenergysources?A.UsingmorefossilfuelsB.UsingrenewableenergysourcesC.ReducingenergyconsumptionD.Eliminatingallenergyuse参考答案：B4.Whathasbeentheresultofthecompany'senvironmentalinitiatives?A.IncreasedoperationalcostsB.NochangeinenvironmentalimpactC.ReducedoperationalcostsD.Employeedissatisfaction参考答案：C5.Theword"initiatives"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A.ProgramsB.EmployeesC.CostsD.Profits参考答案：A6.Accordingtothepassage,employeesareencouragedtodowhat?A.UsemorepaperB.UsedigitaldocumentsC.WorkfromhomeD.Reduceenergyconsumption参考答案：B7.Thecompanyhasstartedarecyclingprogramfor:A.PaperwasteB.FoodwasteC.ElectronicwasteD.Plasticbottles参考答案：C8.Thepassagesuggeststhatthecompany'senvironmentalinitiativeshave:A.CausedproblemsforemployeesB.BeenineffectiveC.HadpositiveeffectsD.Beentoocostly参考答案：C标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：C解析：TheTOEICtestisdesignedtoassessaperson'sabilitytouseEnglishinabusinessenvironment.OptionAisincorrectbecausethetestfocusesonbusinessEnglish,notfluency.OptionBisincorrectbecausewhilegrammaristested,itisnotthemainpurpose.OptionDisincorrectbecausethetestdoesnotincludespeakingorwritingsections.2.参考答案：C解析：TheTOEICListening&Readingtestdoesnotincludewritingandspeakingsections.OptionsA,B,andDareallpartofthetest,butoptionCisnot.3.参考答案：B解析：Ascoreof850ontheTOEICListening&ReadingtestgenerallyindicatesthatyoucancommunicateeffectivelyinEnglishinmostbusinesssituations.OptionAisincorrectbecause850isnotabasiclevel.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitsuggestsaneedforimprovement,whichisnotthecasefor850.OptionDisincorrectbecause850isnotadvanced.4.参考答案：C解析：Usingtheprocessofeliminationisagoodstrategyforansweringquestionsyouareunsureabout.OptionAisincorrectbecauseguessingrandomlyisnoteffective.OptionBisincorrectbecauseskippingquestionscanresultinlostpoints.OptionDisincorrectbecauseaskingforhelpisnotpossibleduringthetest.5.参考答案：A解析：TheTOEICListening&Readingtestisscoredbasedonthenumberofcorrectanswers.OptionBisincorrectbecausetimedoesnotaffectthescore.OptionCisincorrectbecausethedifficultyofthequestionsdoesnotdeterminethescore.OptionDisincorrectbecausethereisnocombinationofscores.6.参考答案：B解析：TherecommendedtimetospendoneachsectionoftheTOEICtestis45minutesforlisteningand45minutesforreading.OptionA,C,andDareincorrectbecausetheydonotmatchtherecommendedtime.7.参考答案：C解析：TakingpracticetestsandreviewingyourmistakesisagoodstrategyforpreparingfortheTOEICtest.OptionAisincorrectbecausestudyinggrammaraloneisnotsufficient.OptionBisincorrectbecausepracticingonlylisteningisnotenough.OptionDisincorrectbecausestudyingisessentialforsuccess.8.参考答案：A解析：TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestfocusesonbusinessEnglish,whiletheTOEICSpeaking&WritingtestsfocusonacademicEnglish.OptionBisincorrectbecausethedifficultyissubjective.OptionCisincorrectbecausebothtestsarefornon-nativespeakers.OptionDisincorrectbecausethereisacleardifferencebetweenthetwotests.9.参考答案：C解析：Spendingtoomuchtimeondifficultquestionsisacommonmistakemadebytest-takersduringtheTOEICtest.OptionAisincorrectbecausereadingquestionstooquicklycanleadtomisunderstandings.OptionBisincorrectbecausereviewinganswersisimportant.OptionDisincorrectbecausenotlisteningcarefullycanresultinmissedanswers.10.参考答案：B解析：ThehighestpossiblescoreontheTOEICListening&Readingtestis2000.OptionA,C,andDareincorrectbecausetheydonotmatchthehighestpossiblescore.二、填空题1.参考答案：internationalbusiness解析：本题考查职业英语中的商务场景词汇。根据题干中的“experiencein”可知，空格处需要填入一个表示“国际商务”的名词短语。选项中只有“internationalbusiness”符合语境，意为“国际商务”。其他选项如“marketing”、“finance”等虽然也是商务领域，但与“international”这一关键词不符，因此排除。2.参考答案：800-123-4567解析：本题考查电话号码的格式。题干中的“bookaflighttoLondon”表明这是一个预订机票的场景，通常需要联系航空公司的客服电话。根据常见的美国电话号码格式，空格处应填入一个7位或10位的数字序列，且通常以800开头。选项中只有“800-123-4567”符合这一格式，因此为正确答案。其他选项如“555-1234”等虽然也是电话号码，但不符合航空公司的客服电话格式，因此排除。3.参考答案：9:00AM解析：本题考查时间表达。题干中的“arriveatthemeetingroom”表明这是一个会议的情景，需要填入一个具体的时间。根据常见的商务会议时间安排，上午9点是一个比较常见的时间。因此，空格处应填入“9:00AM”。其他选项如“10:00AM”或“8:00AM”虽然也是合理的时间，但与题干中的“Mondaymorning”结合，9:00AM更为符合常规，因此为最佳答案。4.参考答案：4解析：本题考查数学计算。题干中给出了衬衫的价格为20，需要计算税额。根据常见的销售税计算方法，税额通常是商品价格的百分比。假设税率为20%，则税额为20×20%=4。因此，空格处应填入“4”。其他选项如“2”或“6”等虽然也是数字，但不符合税额的计算结果，因此排除。5.参考答案：businessadministration解析：本题考查教育领域的词汇。题干中的“degreein”表明这是一个关于学位学习的情景。根据常见的大学专业设置，UniversityofCalifornia（加州大学）是一个知名的学府，其提供的学位专业中，“businessadministration”是一个比较常见的专业名称，意为“工商管理”。因此，空格处应填入“businessadministration”。其他选项如“computerscience”或“history”等虽然也是加州大学提供的专业，但与题干中的“business”这一关键词不符，因此排除。6.参考答案：3:00PM解析：本题考查时间表达。题干中的“trainwillarriveatthestation”表明这是一个关于火车到达时间的情景。根据常见的火车时刻表，下午3点是一个比较常见的时间。因此，空格处应填入“3:00PM”。其他选项如“2:00PM”或“4:00PM”虽然也是合理的时间，但与题干中的“tomorrowafternoon”结合，3:00PM更为符合常规，因此为最佳答案。7.参考答案：5解析：本题考查地理知识。题干中的“averagetemperatureinJanuary”表明这是一个关于一月平均气温的情景。根据常见的气候数据，伦敦一月的一月平均气温通常在0°C到5°C之间。因此，空格处应填入“5”。其他选项如“0”或“10”等虽然也是数字，但不符合伦敦一月的气温特点，因此排除。8.参考答案：Spanish解析：本题考查语言学习。题干中的“fluentinbothEnglishand”表明这是一个关于语言能力的情景。根据常见的语言学习情况，英语和西班牙语是两种常见的语言。因此，空格处应填入“Spanish”。其他选项如“French”或“Chinese”等虽然也是语言，但与题干中的“English”结合，Spanish更为符合常见的语言组合，因此为最佳答案。9.参考答案：June1st解析：本题考查日期表达。题干中的“newsoftwarewillbeavailablefordownload”表明这是一个关于软件发布日期的情景。根据常见的软件发布时间安排，6月1日是一个比较常见的日期。因此，空格处应填入“June1st”。其他选项如“May1st”或“July1st”虽然也是合理的时间，但与题干中的“newsoftware”结合，June1st更为符合常规，因此为最佳答案。10.参考答案：10:00AM解析：本题考查时间表达。题干中的“meetingisscheduledtostartat”表明这是一个关于会议开始时间的情景。根据常见的商务会议时间安排，上午10点是一个比较常见的时间。因此，空格处应填入“10:00AM”。其他选项如“11:00AM”或“9:00AM”虽然也是合理的时间，但与题干中的“meeting”结合，10:00AM更为符合常规，因此为最佳答案。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：题干表述为一般将来时态，但未提供具体时间或日期，无法判断其正确性。通常情况下，会议时间需要明确具体，因此该陈述可能不完整或错误。2.参考答案：×解析：题干为现在完成时态，但未提供具体完成时间或状态，无法判断其正确性。需要更多信息来确定她是否真的完成了作业。3.参考答案：×解析：题干为一般将来时态，但未提供具体计划或确认信息，无法判断其正确性。周末计划需要具体细节才能确认。4.参考答案：×解析：题干为一般将来时态，但未提供具体列车信息或确认时间，无法判断其正确性。需要更多上下文来确定列车的到达时间。5.参考答案：×解析：题干为现在进行时态，但未提供具体地点或状态，无法判断其正确性。需要更多信息来确定他是否真的在读书。6.参考答案：×解析：题干为一般将来时态，但未提供具体会议信息或确认时间，无法判断其正确性。需要更多上下文来确定会议的起始时间。7.参考答案：×解析：题干为现在进行时态，但未提供具体地点或状态，无法判断其正确性。需要更多信息来确定她是否真的在吃晚饭。8.参考答案：×解析：题干为现在完成时态，但未提供具体访问时间或确认信息，无法判断其正确性。需要更多上下文来确定她是否真的去过巴黎。9.参考答案：×解析：题干为一般将来时态，但未提供具体电影信息或确认时间，无法判断其正确性。需要更多上下文来确定电影的起始时间。10.参考答案：×解析：题干为现在进行时态，但未提供具体地点或状态，无法判断其正确性。需要更多信息来确定他是否真的在弹吉他。四、简答题1.参考答案：ToevaluateEnglishlanguageproficiencyforinternationalbusinesscommunication.解析：TheTOEICtestisdesignedtomeasuretheeverydayEnglishcommunicationskillsofpeopleworkingininternationalbusinesssettings.ItassessestheabilitytounderstandandrespondtospokenandwrittenEnglishinabusinesscontext.ThetestiswidelyusedbyemployerstoassesstheEnglishproficiencyofjobcandidatesandbyeducationalinstitutionstocertifytheEnglishskillsoftheirstudents.2.参考答案：TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestmeasureseverydayEnglishcommunicationskills,whiletheTOEICSpeaking&Writingtestsassesstheabilitytocommunicateorallyandinwritinginaprofessionalsetting.解析：TheTOEICListening&ReadingtestfocusesonunderstandingspokenandwrittenEnglishinbusinesssituations,whiletheTOEICSpeaking&WritingtestsevaluatetheabilitytospeakandwriteinEnglishforprofessionalpurposes.TheListening&Readingtestismultiple-choiceandmeasurescomprehension,whereastheSpeaking&Writingtestsareperformance-basedandassessproductiveskills.3.参考答案：ThetwomainsectionsoftheTOEICtestaretheListening&ReadingsectionandtheSpeaking&Writingsection.解析：TheTOEICtestconsistsoftwomainsections:theListening&Readingsection,whichmeasurescomprehensionskills,andtheSpeaking&Writingsection,whichassessesproductiveskills.TheListening&Readingsectionismultiple-choiceandincludesquestionsonconversations,meetings,andbusiness-relatedtopics.TheSpeaking&Writingsectioninvolvestaskssuchasspeakingresponsesandwritingemailsormemos.4.参考答案：TheTOEICListening&Readingtestconsistsof100multiple-choicequestionsdividedintotwosections:Listening(100questions)andReading(100questions).Eachsectionisscoredseparately,andthetotalscoreisthesumofthetwosections.解析：TheTOEICListening&Readingtestisa2-hourexamthatconsistsof100questions.TheListeningsectionincludesquestionsonconversationsandtalks,whiletheReadingsectionincludesquestionsonpassagesandsentences.Eachsectionisscoredonascaleof10to990,withthetotalscorebeingthesumofthetwosections.5.参考答案：TheTOEICSpeakingtestassessestheabilitytocommunicateorallyinaprofessionalsettingthroughvarioustaskssuchasresponsestoquestions,speakingaboutagiventopic,andinteractingwithapartner.解析：TheTOEICSpeakingtestevaluatestheabilitytospeakEnglishinabusinesscontext.Itincludestaskssuchasrespondingtoquestions,speakingaboutaspecifictopic,andinteractingwithapartner.Thetestisconductedonacomputerorwithanexaminerandisscoredbasedonfluency,pronunciation,andcontent.6.参考答案：TheTOEICWritingtestconsistsoftwotasks:WritingamemooremailandWritingareportorproposal.解析：TheTOEICWritingtestassessestheabilitytowriteEnglishinaprofessionalsetting.Itincludestwotasks:WritingamemooremailandWritingareportorproposal.Thetasksarescoredbasedongrammar,vocabulary,organization,andoveralleffectivenessofthewriting.7.参考答案：TheTOEICtestisusedbyemployerstoassesstheEnglishproficiencyofjobcandidates,tosetlanguagerequirementsforjobs,andtomonitortheprogressofemployeesinaninternationalbusinessenvironment.解析：TheTOEICtestiswidelyusedbyemployerstoevaluatetheEnglishskillsofjobcandidates.IthelpsemployerssetlanguagerequirementsfordifferentpositionsandmonitortheEnglishproficiencyofemployeesworkingininternationalbusinesssettings.ThetestisalsousedbyeducationalinstitutionstocertifytheEnglishskillsoftheirstudents.8.参考答案：CandidatescanpreparefortheTOEICtestbytakingpracticetests,studyingvocabularyandgrammarrelatedtobusinesstopics,andimprovingtheirlisteningandreadingskillsthroughexposuretoEnglishinabusinesscontext.解析：CandidatescanpreparefortheTOEICtestbytakingpracticeteststofamiliarizethemselveswiththeformatandtypesofquestions.TheyshouldstudyvocabularyandgrammarrelatedtobusinesstopicsandimprovetheirlisteningandreadingskillsbyexposuretoEnglishinabusinesscontext,suchasreadingbusinessarticlesorwatchingbusiness-relatedvideos.五、阅读理解题1.参考答案：B解析：Themaintopicofthepassageisenvironmentalinitiativesatthecompany.Theentirepassagediscussesvariousinitiativesthecompanyhastakentoreduceitsenvironmentalimpact,suchasreducingpaperusage,installingenergy-efficientlighting,startingarecyclingprogramforelectronicwaste,andusingrenewableenergysources.Theseinitiativesarecentraltothepassage,makingoptionBthecorrectanswer.OptionAisincorrectbecausethepassagedoesnotmentionthehistoryofthecompany.OptionCisincorrectbecausethepassagedoesnotdiscussemployeebenefits.OptionDisincorrectbecausethepassagedoesnotmentioncompanyprofits.2.参考答案：B解析：Accordingtothepassage,onewaythecompanyhasreduceditsenvironmentalimpactisbyusingenergy-efficientlighting.Thepassagestates,"Thecompanyhasalsoinstalledenergy-efficientlightinginmanyoffices."Thisclearlyindicatesthatenergy-efficientlightingisanenvironmentalinitiative.OptionAisincorrectbecausethepassagestatesthatemployeesareencouragedtousedigitaldocumentstoreducepaperusage,notincreaseit.OptionCisincorrectbecausethepassagementionsseveralenvironmentalinitiatives,notthatthecompanyignoresenvironmentalissues.OptionDisincorrectbecausethepassagementionsstartingarecyclingprogramforelectronicwaste,notstoppingallrecyclingprograms.3.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagestatesthatthecompanyhascommittedtousingrenewableenergysourcesforitsoperations.Thisismentionedinthesentence,"Additionally,thecompanyhascommittedtousingrenewableenergysourcesforitsoperations."OptionAisincorrectbecausethepassagestatestheopposite,thatthecompanyiscommittedtousingrenewableenergysources.OptionCisincorrectbecausewhiletheinitiativeshavereducedoperationalcosts,thecommitmentspecificallymentionsrenewableenergysources.OptionDisincorrectbecausethepassagedoesnotmentioneliminatingallenergyuse.4.参考答案：C解析：Thepassagesuggeststhattheresultofthecompany'senvironmentalinitiativeshasbeenreducedoperationalcosts.Thepassagestates,"Theseinitiativeshavenotonlyhelpedtheenvironmentbuthavealsoreducedthecompany'soperationalcosts."Thisindicatesthattheinitiativeshavehadapositivefinancialimpact.OptionAisincorrectbecausethepassagestatestheopposite,thattheinitiativeshavereducedoperationalcosts.OptionBisincorrectbecausethepassagementionsseveralpositiveoutcomesoftheinitiatives.OptionDisincorrectbecausethepassagedoesnotmentionemployeedissat