高三英语一轮复习选择性必修第三册UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION课件

UNIT3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION选择性必修第三册夯实语言基础注

表示该词的熟词生义。Ⅰ.阅读单词1.graphn.

图；图表；曲线图2.emissionn.

排放物；散发物；排放3.sealn.

海豹；印章

v.

密封(容器)；关闭4.methanen.

甲烷；沼气5.dioxiden.

二氧化物6.carbondioxide 二氧化碳7.fossiln.

化石8.fossilfuel 化石燃料(如煤或石油)9.footprintn.

足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积10.basinn.

流域；盆地；盆11.penguinn.

企鹅12.implementvt.

使生效；贯彻；执行13.tropicaladj.

热带的；来自热带的14.nuclearadj.

原子能的；核能的；原子核的15.junglen. (热带)丛林；密林16.smogn.

烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)17.volumen.

量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷18.enterprisen.

公司；企业；事业19.waterwayn.

水道；航道20.agendan.

议程表；议事日程Ⅱ.核心单词1.meltvi.&vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化2.releasevt.&n.

排放；释放；发布3.carbonn.

碳4.fueln.

燃料；刺激性言行

vt.

加强；刺激；(给……)加燃料5.comprehensiveadj.

全部的；所有的；详尽的6.worldwideadv.

遍及全球地adj.

世界各地的；影响全世界的7.trendn.

趋势；趋向；动向8.broadcastvt.&vi.(broadcast，broadcast)

播送；广播；传播n.

广播节目；电视节目9.policyn.

政策；方针；原则10.seizevt.

抓住；夺取；控制11.reformvt.&vi.

改革；(使)改正；改造n.

改革；变革；改良12.undergovt.(underwent，undergone)

经历；经受(变化、不快等)13.moderateadj.

适度的；中等的；温和的

vi.&vt.

缓和；使适中14.annualadj.

每年的；一年的n.

年刊；年鉴15.chaosn.

混乱；杂乱；紊乱16.garbagen.

垃圾；废物17.dozenn. (一)打；十二个18.finevt.

对……处以罚款19.campaignn.

运动；战役

vi.&vt.

参加运动；领导运动Ⅲ.拓展单词1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation

n.饥饿；饿死→starving

adj.饥饿的；挨饿的2.ecologyn.生态；生态学→ecological

adj.生态的；生态学的→ecologist

n.生态学家3.habitable

adj.适合居住的→habitatn.栖息地；(动植物的)生活环境4.sustainvt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable

adj.可持续的；合理利用的5.frequently

adv.频繁地；经常→frequentadj.频繁的→frequency

n.频繁；频率6.restrictvt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction

n.限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive

adj.限制性的；约束性的7.harmonious

adj.和谐的→harmonyn.和谐→harmoniously

adv.和谐地8.submitvt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission

n.提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服9.sensitive

adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→sensible

adj.明智的；合理的→sensen.意义；感官vt.感觉到；察觉到10.originate

vi.&vt.起源；发源；创立→originn.起源；源头；出身→original

adj.原来的；起初的；独创的；原作的11.restorevt.恢复；使复原；修复→restoration

n.恢复；修复；复原12.conservation

n.(对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative

adj.保守的；守旧的→conservev.保护；保存；节省；节约13.regulation

n.章程；规章制度→regulatev.调节，控制；约束，管理→regulator

n.(某行业等的)监管者，监管机构14.disposal

n.去掉；清除；处理→disposev.安排；布置；排列15.inspection

n.检查；查看；视察→inspectvt.检查；视察；检阅→inspector

n.检察员；督察员16.toleratevt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant

adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance

n.容忍构词法：名词后缀-ology表示“……科学”-ologyecology生态学 biology生物学archaeology考古学 geology地质学psychology心理学 zoology动物学Ⅳ.重点短语1.onbehalfof 代表(代替)某人2.dozensof 许多；很多3.haveanimpacton 对……有影响4.leadto 导致5.causedamageto 对……造成损害6.takemeasures 采取措施7.dealwith 处理8.anumberof 许多9.carryout 履行；执行10.ineffect 在实施中；实际上Ⅴ.经典句型1.句型：Thereislittledoubtthat...There

is

little

doubt

thatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖(如图)。2.句型：keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，trapsomeoftheheat，keeping

Earth’s

climate

warm

and

habitable.大气层中甲烷、二氧化碳等温室气体能捕获一些热量，从而使地球保持气候温暖、适宜居住。3.句型：it＋be＋过去分词＋thatWiththesemeasures，it

is

believed

thatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.有了这些举措，相信漓江之美将得到保护并世代相传。返回探究必备知识starve

vi.&

vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(starvation

n.饥饿；饿死)先练透

单句语法填空/完成句子①Thestudentcomingfromthecountrywasstarving_____thefriendshipfromthosewhocomefromthecity.②这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘，站在路边要饭，否则就会饿死。(续写动作描写)____________________，thechildstoodneartheroadandbeggedforameal，otherwisehe___________________.1forPennilessandstarvingwouldstarvetodeath③我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。(语言学习)I______________________________，becausemasteringEnglishmeanswecanseetheworldthroughanewwindow.amstarvingtostudyEnglishwell(1)starve

to

death

饿死starve

for

渴望；急需starve

to

do

sth

渴望去做某事(2)be

starving

for

sth

渴望某物be

starving

to

do

sth

渴望做某事后归纳点津

“渴望某物/做某事”的同义短语：be

thirsty/hungry/eager/desperate

for

sth/to

do

sthsubmit

vt.&

vi.提交；呈递；屈服(submission

n.提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服)2先练透

单句语法填空/完成句子①Dozensofenterprises________________(submit)theirplanstoreducetheircarbonfootprintinthepasttendays.②大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷；语言＋动作描写)Davidwipedhistearsandheldhisheadhigh，remarkingdeterminedly，“______________________________________.”havesubmittedIwon’tsubmit(myself)toothers’thoughts③如果感兴趣，请与文学与艺术部联系，并于5月16日前提交您的申请和个人资料。

(2026·山东省烟台市、德州市二模)Ifinterested，pleasecontacttheLiterature&ArtDepartmentand_________________________________________.submityourapplicationandprofilebyMay16后归纳submit

to

服从于；屈从于submit

oneself

to...

甘受……；服从……submit...to...

向……提交……后归纳先练透

单句语法填空/完成句子①Ican’ttolerate_________(work)withmypartneranymore，whoisfrequentlytalkingtomewhenIamabsorbedinwork.②虽然这件事并没有改变我的生活，但我学到了宝贵的一课：试着用宽容和善良对待他人。

(主旨升华句)Thoughthematterdidn’tchangemylife，Ilearnedapreciouslesson：trytotreatothers_______________________.tolerate

vt.忍受；包容；容许(tolerance

n.宽恕；忍耐；容忍tolerant

adj.忍耐的；宽容的)3workingwithtoleranceandkindness③由于我们不能容忍人们乱扔垃圾，我们将发起一场运动，呼吁人们保护周围环境。

(倡议书)______________________________________________，acampaignistobelaunchedtoappealtopeopletoprotectthesurroundings.Aswecannottoleratepeoplethrowinggarbagearound(1)tolerate

(sb)

doing

sth

容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)be

tolerant

of/towards

sb/sth

容忍/宽容某人/某事后归纳点津

“忍受”的种种表达：①put

up

with忍受；容忍②stand

vt.忍受③bear

vt.忍受先练透

单句语法填空/完成句子①Moreimportantly，itmaydisruptthe____________(harmony)classatmosphere，leadingtoconflictsamongclassmates.(2026·湖南省质量检测)②Inordertolive______________(harmony)，sometimesyouneedtomakecompromises.③只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对地球的威胁。

(演讲稿)Onlywhenwelearntoexist________________________canwestopbeingathreattoourplanet.harmonious

adj.和谐的(harmony

n.融洽；和谐)4harmoniousharmoniouslyinharmonywithnaturein

harmony

with

与……协调；与……和睦相处out

of

harmony

with

与……不协调live

in

harmony

很融洽地生活后归纳【教材原句】There

is

little

doubt

thatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越暖(见图表)。先练透

单句语法填空/完成句子①Thereisnodoubt______yourprofessionalknowledgeofEnglishwillbenefitthestudentsgreatly.②Idoubted_____________myparentswouldagreethatIhadtherighttomanagemyearnings.句型公式：There

is

no/little

doubt

that

...“毫无疑问……”5thatwhether/if③Thereissomedoubt_________thenewstudentwillfitinwiththegroupsinceheseemsquiteshyandreserved.④毫无疑问，这次活动不仅使我们掌握了一些实用的技能，而且增强了我们的安全意识。________________________theactivitynotonlyequippeduswithsomepracticalskillsbutalsoraisedourawarenessofsafety.whetherThereisno/littledoubtthat(1)There

is

no/little

doubt

that... 毫无疑问……There

is

some

doubt

whether...

有……疑问Sb

have/has

no

doubt

that...

某人毫无疑问……Sb

have/has

some

doubt

whether...

某人有……疑问(2)I

don’t/never

doubt

that...

我确信……I

doubt

whether/if...

我怀疑……后归纳积累——续写亮词seize

vt.抓住；夺取；控制【诵读领悟】①A

sense

of

guilt

seized

himandhestoodthere，frozen.

(续写情感细节)他一阵愧疚，站在那里，愣住了。②ThemomentIsawmyfather’scloudyface，fear/panic

immediately

seized

me/I

was

seized

by/with

fear/panic

immediately.

(心理与表情描写)我一看到父亲那阴云密布的脸，就立刻感到了恐惧。③I

wassuddenlyseized

byafeelingofloneliness.我突然感到很孤独。1【佳句仿写】我紧紧地抓住她的胳膊，深深地凝视着她的眼睛，试图给她勇气。I________________________andgazeddeepintohereyes，tryingtogivehercourage.seizedherbythearmtightly

敲黑板melt

vi.

&

vt.

(使)融化；熔化；软化vi.

(感情)消失(meltable

adj.可熔的；易溶化的→melting

adj.令人同情的；动人的)【诵读领悟】①Hisangermeltedawaywhenhesawthekindexpressiononhisfriend’sface，andtheysoonmadeup.当他看到朋友脸上善意的表情时，怒气逐渐消散，他们很快就和好了。②Hiscoldexpressionmeltedwhenhesawhisdaughterrunningtowardshim.看到女儿朝自己跑来，他冷漠的表情一下子软化了。③Thetiredlookonherfacemelts

into

a

smilewhensheseesherfamily.看到家人，她脸上疲惫的神情舒展开成笑容。2【佳句仿写】他们互相道歉后，房间里的紧张气氛渐渐消散了。________________________________aftertheyapologizedtoeachother.Thetensionintheroommeltedawaymelt

slowly

缓慢融化melt

in

the

sun

在阳光下融化melt

one’s

heart

打动人心melt

into

a

smile

舒展开笑容敲黑板返回巩固核心知识维度一词汇语境运用1.(2025·北京卷)Toreduceourimpact，wecantakesimplesteps：emptythefridgebeforeheadingout，andchoose_____________(sustain)diningoptions.2.(2026·太原市模拟二)Iwasreally__________(starve)whenIsteppedoutofthecitylibraryafteranentireafternoonburiedinbooks.3.(2024·全国甲卷)Theonlyopportunityshecouldseize__________(study)waswhenherbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.sustainablestarvingtostudy4.HisteachingsshapedthemoralandethicalfoundationofChineseculture，promotingrespectforauthority，____________(harmony)relationships，andthepursuitofknowledge.5.Thepessimisticdentistadvertisedhisgoodsinadishonestway，thusgetting_______(fine).6.[译林选必二]Fearsgrewthatthenumberofdeathscouldreach5，accordingtofigures__________(release)byemergencyservices.7.(2023·天津6月卷)Thewoodentowerthat____________________(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon，andtheworkisalmostfinished.8.Toenhancepeople’sawarenessof______________(conserve)ofculturalrelics，alecturewillbegiveninthecityhallthisFridayafternoon.harmonious

finedreleased

isbeingrestoredconservation维度二

阅读理解清障Ⅰ.熟词生义、一词多义猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思1.Successcamequickly，thankstoamixtureoftalent，enterpriseandluck.

__________________2.HisflightoriginatedinJapan.

_________________3.Headdressedcommentstothechairman.______________4.Theinsurancepolicycoversallbaggageandpersonaleffects.

__________n.事业心，进取心vi.始发(于某地)v.向某人讲话n.保险单5.Janewasquicktoseizethemeaningofwhatthemanagersaidatthemeeting.

_______________6.Makesureyou’vesignedthechequebeforesealingtheenvelope.

_________7.Hismother，noticinghismood，gavehimencouragement，whichfueledhisdeterminationtofinishhisassignmentsandprovethathecouldsucceeddespitethedisturbance.

_________vt.理解；领会vt.密封vt.激发根据语境选择加黑词的含义8.release

vt.排放；释放；发行，上映(生义)n.发布①ThenewfilmwillbereleasedonJuly16inthedowntowncinema.

_________②Thekindgirldecidestoreleasethebirdfromthecage.

_________③ThenewsoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.

________④Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke，makingtheairdirty.

_________vt.发行vt.释放n.发布vt.排放9.fine

vt.对……处以罚款；n.罚款(生义)adj.晴朗的；健康的；adv.很，很好①Thecompanyreceivedafineof$5，000forbreakingenvironmentalrules.

________②(2025·全国一卷)Myplanwasworkingoutjustfine.

______________③Afterafewdaysofrest，shefeltfineagainandwasreadytoreturntoschool.

____________④Afterbeingfinedforlitteringinthepark，sherealizedhowimportantitistokeeppublicplacesclean.

___________________⑤Aftertherain，theskyclearedupandwehadafineafternoon.

______________

n.罚款adv.很，很好adj.健康的vt.对……处以罚款adj.晴朗的10.moderate

adj.适度的；中等的；温和的；vi.&vt.缓和；使适中①Hewasaneasy-goingmanofverymoderateviews.____________②Theyarehopingthatonceinofficehecanbepersuadedtomoderatehisviews.

_________③Contrarytopopularbelief，moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.

____________adj.温和的vt.缓和adj.适度的Ⅱ.构词法构词法副词后缀-ly：用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明“如何做”

或“到什么程度”。指出下列黑体词的含义1.(2025·全国二卷)MostofHo’sstudentswillrecover，whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.

________________2.(2025·全国二卷)Insteadofcorrectingotherswhentheywerestrugglingtopronouncemyname，Ijustsmiledandnoddedapprovingly.

____________________3.(2025·浙江1月卷)Itmademewonderifgivingheradviceonsnackswashavinganunintentionallynegativeimpact.

______________________返回adj.不断增加地adv.赞许地；满意地adv.无意地；非故意地提升关键能力Part1.应用文增分练(倡议书—环境保护)假定你是李华，你校学生会即将发起一项以“EarthGuardian”为主题的环境保护运动，请你代表学生会写一封倡议信，号召大家积极参与该活动，内容包括：1.地球环境的现状；2.该活动的目的和要求；3.号召大家积极参加。用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文【布局谋篇】开篇：描述地球环境现状，提出倡议

①________________________________________________________________________________________(毫无疑问，许多人类活动对我们的地球母亲造成了巨大的伤害).Here，②_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(我代表学生会提出建议，我们学生应该为环境保护做出一些贡献).ThereislittledoubtthatagreatmanyhumanactivitieshavecausedgreatdamagetoourmotherEarthonbehalfofthestudents’union，Imakeasuggestionthatwestudentsshouldmakesomecontributionstoenvironmentalconservation中段：提出倡议内容，介绍活动目的和要求

It’s(high)timethatwetook/shouldtakevariousmeasurestoprotecttheearthfrompollution.We’dliketobuildamoreharmoniousandsustainablesociety.Wehavelaunchedacampaignnamed“EarthGuardian”.Itisaimedattakingeffectiveandpracticalmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.③____________________________________________________________

_________________________________(对该活动感兴趣的人必须在10月1日之前提交申请和相关材料).结尾：号召大家积极参加。

④__________________________________________________________________________(我衷心希望大家能抓住这个宝贵的机会并立即加入我们).ThosewhoareinterestedinthecampaignmustsubmitapplicationsandrelevantmaterialsbeforeOctober1stIsincerelyhopethateveryonecanseizethispreciouschanceandjoinusimmediately【多元表达】⑤We’dliketobuildamoreharmoniousandsustainablesociety.Wehavelaunchedacampaignnamed“EarthGuardian”.Itisaimedattakingeffectiveandpracticalmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.(合并升级为不定式作目的状语，定语从句)→______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tobuildamoreharmoniousandsustainablesociety，wehavelaunchedacampaignnamed“EarthGuardian”，whichisaimedattakingeffectiveandpracticalmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.Part2.读后续写提能练拓展语料积累

动作描写之“看”(一)【语言素材】注意到①notice

注意到

②observe

注意到；观察到③spot

看见；注意到

④set/layeyeson 注意到⑤catchone’seye引起某人的注意看到/看见①scan 细看；察看，端详；浏览

②lookat

看③see 看见

④one’seyesfallon

看到/目光落在……⑤catchsightof 看见

⑥takealookat

看一下⑦lookupat 抬头看

⑧lookdownat

低头看⑨comeintoone’sview

映入眼帘注视/凝视/盯①eye 注视；盯着

②watch 注视③stareat 盯着看；凝视

④gazeat 凝视；注视⑤fix/focusone’seyeson 注视

⑥one’seyeslingeron 目光停留在；注视着⑦fastenone’sgazeon 盯着

⑧lockone’seyeson 盯着⑨haveone’seyeson 盯着

⑩have/keepone’seyesfixedon 盯着⑪fixunblinkinglyon 目不转睛地盯着

⑫one’seyesbegluedto 目不转睛地盯着【靓句表达】1.TheroadwassoslipperythatItriedtokeep

my

eyes

glued

toit.路太滑了，我尽量让眼睛紧盯着路面。2.Againhecast

a

look

towardthewindow，andsawanexcitedfaceagainsttheglass.他又朝窗户看了一眼，看见一张激动的脸靠在玻璃上。3.Theboyglared

around

the

house

as

ifexpectingachallenge.男孩瞪着眼睛环视房子，好像在等待挑战。4.Swallowinghard，Istared

into

her

eyesforamoment，wonderinghowtocopewiththeannoyingsituation.我忍气吞声，盯着她的眼睛看了一会儿，想知道如何应对这种烦人的情况。5.Astherescueteamapproachedthecollapsedbuilding，their

eyes

were

glued

toeverycorner，hopingtospotsignsofsurvivors.救援队靠近坍塌的大楼时，目光紧盯着每一个角落，盼着能发现幸存者的踪迹。6.Aswewalkedalongthequietstreetatdusk，our

eyes

fell

onanoldmansittingonabench，playingtheviolin.黄昏时分，我们沿着安静的街道散步，目光落在了长椅上坐着的一位老人身上，他正拉着小提琴。7.Shesatonthebench，looking

down

atthebookinherhands，soshedidn’tnoticewhenIwalkedover.她坐在长椅上，低头看着手里的书，所以我走过去时她都没注意到。续写语料运用

用表“看”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景：主题“校园生活”——打扫教室时的“看”

Ihadjustrushedoutwhen①_____________________________(我看到Aaron挡住我的路).

“What’sup”heaskedsharply，②__________________(他紧盯着我，独立主格).Iscannedthefloorinahurry，still③________________________(不敢抬头看他)，anddashedintotheclassroom.Feelingtheweightofmymistake，Istammerednervously，“Ineeddryrags...to...clean...”Uponhearingthis，Aaronletoutaheavysigh.

“Youshouldhavecheckedeverydetail，”heremarked，ahintofdisappointmentinhisvoice.

“Thisjobisn’tjustaboutreacting，it’salsoaboutbeingcareful.Now，goandcleanthatup！”

④_______________(避开他的目光)，Idashedintotheclassroom.Withanamplesupplyofrags，Ithrewmyselfintothetask，tirelesslymopping，scrubbing，andwiping.返回IspottedAaronstandinginmywayhiseyesfixedonme

notdaringtolookupathimAvoidinghisgaze单元测评Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)A(2026·湘豫名校摸底考试)Solving

the

growing

plastic

waste

puzzle

Ashardasitistoimagineatimewhenweweren’tburiedinplastics，massproductionofsyntheticpolymers(合成聚合物)didn’treallybeginuntilabout1950.Sincethen，however，we’vegeneratedanestimated8.3billiontonsofthestuff—withabouthalfthattotalcomingsince2000—andwe’vedesertedsomethinglike6.3billiontonsofit.Unfortunatelyfortheplanet，onlyabout9percentofthatplasticwastehaseverbeenrecycled.Another12percenthasbeenburned，mostrecentlyinwaste-to-energyfacilities.Butmostoftheresthasgoneintolandfills—orworse，intotheenvironment.Muchofwhatisdonetorecoverplasticfromthewastestreamisapurelymechanicalprocess.Oncetheplasticitemshavebeensortedbypolymertypeandsenttotherecyclingworkplace，theyaresimplycutup，washedcleanandmelteddownintopellets(团粒).Thepelletsarethensoldtomanufacturersthatwillincorporate(组合)thematerialintonewproducts.

Manyofthechemicalrecyclingtechniquesarealreadyquitemature.Accordingtoa2019reportbyClosedLoopPartners，aNewYork-basedinvestmentfirmthatinvestsincirculareconomy-relatedstart-ups，thatlistincludesmorethan40plasticsrecyclingplantsthatareeitheroperatingorscheduledtoopenwithinthenextfewyearsintheUnitedStatesandCanadaalone.Atleastsomeofthoseplantsareexpectedtoincorporatechemicalrecyclingtechnology.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料垃圾的产生情况、回收现状以及化学回收技术的发展。1.Whendoesplasticwastereachitspeak？A.Before1950.B.Before2000.C.After2019.D.Inrecentdecades.√细节理解题。根据第一段可知，塑料垃圾在最近几十年达到了峰值。故选D。2.At

which

procedure

can

plastics

waste

be

made

into

monomers？A.Plastic

manufacturing.B.Oil

and

gas

refining.C.Chemical

recycling.D.Mechanical

recycling.√细节理解题。根据图表上Chemical

recycling下面的描述“Plastic

waste

is

chemically

processed

back

into

monomers.”可知，塑料废料在Chemical

recycling环节被制成monomers。故选C。3.What

is

the

sign

of

successful

plastic

waste

recycling？A.Plastic

waste

recycling

becomes

commercialized.B.Plastic

waste

has

been

made

into

new

plastics.C.Most

of

plastic

waste

has

already

gone

into

landfills.D.Much

has

been

burned

in

waste-to-energy

facilities.√细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，塑料废物回收成功的标志是塑料废物回收实现了商业化。故选A。B(2026·安徽省A10联盟模拟)

SophiaZhang，a14-year-oldaspiringengineerfromUtah，isdedicatedtoaddressingtheenvironmentalcrisisaffectingtheGreatSaltLake，whichhasbeenshrinkingduetoexcessivewateruseandclimatechange.Inspiredbyaschoolproject，Sophiaconductedin-depthresearchbyinterviewingscientistsandgovernmentofficialsandpresentedherfindingsonwaterconservationtotheUnitedNations.Sophia’sscientificinquiryledhertoexperimentwithhydrogels(水凝胶)—substancescapableofabsorbingandretainingwater—whichcouldbeusedinagriculturetoreducewaterconsumptionandlessenthestrainonthelake’swatersupply.WhileineighthgradeatRowlandHallMiddleSchoolinSaltLakeCity，shedevelopedherowneco-friendlyhydrogelsusingstarchandotherbiodegradablematerials.HerinnovativeapproachearnedhersecondplaceintheTechnologycategoryatthe2024ScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge，organizedbySocietyforScience.Sophiacreditshersuccesstotheguidanceofhermentors—localhighschoolscienceteacherswhodedicatedtheirtimetoteachingherorganicchemistry，providingresources，andlendingherlaboratoryequipment.“Theyspentcountlesslunchhoursmentoringme，”sherecalls.Sophiaemphasizesthatfindinggoodmentorscanstartwithsomethingassimpleassendinganemailtoknowledgeablepeopleinthecommunity.OnekeylessonSophialearnedisthatscientificexperimentsrarelygoexactlyasplanned.Throughtrialanderror，discussionswithmentors，andextensivereading，sherealizedthatsetbacksareanintegralpartofthescientificprocess.Foraspiringscientists，Sophiaoffersadvice：observecuriously，thinkcarefully，andactcourageously.Sheencouragesaproactiveapproachtoproblem-solving，startingwithcommunityissues，studyingexistingsolutions，andbravelyexploringnewpaths.Sophia’sexperience，markedbyovercomingresearchobstacles，highlightstherewardingnatureofscientificexploration.Andherstorydemonstratesthatwhileresearchcanbechallenging，thepursuitofsolutionsisimmenselyfulfilling.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了14岁女孩SophiaZhang致力于环保科研的故事。4.WhatistheprimarygoalofSophia’sproject？A.Exploringtheeffectsofclimatechange.B.Investigatingtheimpactofwaterpollution.C.Promotingeco-friendlyengineeringprojects.D.Enhancingwaterconservationthroughhydrogels.√细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sophia’s

scientific

inquiry

led

her

...

on

the

lake’s

water

supply.”可知，Sophia的项目的主要目标是通过水凝胶来加强水资源保护。故选D。5.How

did

Sophia

connect

with

her

mentors？A.By

reaching

out

via

email.B.By

joining

after-school

programs.C.By

following

them

on

social

media.D.By

attending

scientific

conferences.√细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sophia

emphasizes

that

finding

good

mentors

can

start

with

something

as

simple

as

sending

an

email

to

knowledgeable

people

in

the

community.”可知，Sophia通过发邮件与她的导师取得联系。故选A。6.What

crucial

message

does

Sophia

intend

to

convey

to

ambitious

scientists？A.Success

in

science

requires

curiosity

and

bravery.B.Scientific

exploration

is

only

for

the

naturally

gifted.C.Water

conservation

efforts

require

advanced

technology.D.Scientific

discoveries

always

follow

a

straightforward

path.√细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For

aspiring

scientists，Sophia

offers

advice：observe

curiously，think

carefully，and

act

courageously.”可知，Sophia想向有抱负的科学家传达的信息是科学上的成功需要好奇心和勇气。故选A。7.Which

proverb

best

reflects

Sophia’s

journey？A.Knowledge

is

power.B.Great

minds

think

alike.C.Actions

speak

louder

than

words.D.Necessity

is

the

mother

of

invention.推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段中“Sophia’s

scientific

inquiry...

on

the

lake’s

water

supply.”可知，Sophia因为大盐湖面临的环境危机而致力于通过水凝胶来加强水资源保护。由此推知，她的经历体现了“需要是发明之母。”这句谚语。故选D。√C(2026·湖北省荆州市起点考试)

AcrosstheUnitedStates，thousandsofbuildingsaretakingadvantageofcutting-edgebatteriesconstructedfromoneoftheplanet’smostfundamentalsubstances：ice.Duringoff-peakhourswhenelectricityratesarelow，thesebatteriesfreezewater，andwhenenergydemandandcostrise，facilityoperatorspoweroffconventionalexpensivechillers(冷却器)andusethestorediceforcooling.Atypicalstructurecontributesapproximatelyone-fifthofitselectricalconsumptiontocooling，asreportedbytheInternationalEnergyAgency.Bytransferringenergyusagetoperiodsoflowercost，majorbuildingscanreduceannualpowerexpensesbyhundredsofthousandsofdollars.Additionally，thisapproachminimisesrelianceonelectricitygeneratedbythemostpollutingfossilfuelpowerstations.Todate，ice-basedenergystoragehaspri