人教版高中英语必修第一册第7章写作专项训练习题及答案

人教版高中英语必修第一册第7章写作专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页人教版高中英语必修第一册第7章写作专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatshouldyouincludeintheintroductionofaformalletter?A.PersonalphotosB.YouraddressC.AjokeD.Therecipient'sfavoritecolor参考答案：B2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalstructureforapersuasiveessay?A.IntroductionwithahookB.ThreesupportingparagraphsC.AconclusionsummarizingthemainpointsD.Adetailedoutlineoftheessay参考答案：D3.Whenwritingareport,whichsectionusuallycomesaftertheconclusion?A.MethodologyB.ReferencesC.AppendicesD.Abstract参考答案：C4.Howshouldyoustartalettertoafriend?A."DearSir/Madam,"B."Hellothere,"C."Towhomitmayconcern,"D."Mr./Ms.[LastName],"参考答案：B5.Inacompare-and-contrastessay,whatisthemainpurpose?A.TopersuadethereaderB.ToinformthereaderC.ToentertainthereaderD.Toapologizeforamistake参考答案：B6.Whatisthebestwaytoorganizearesearchpaper?A.ChronologicalorderB.AlphabeticalorderC.RandomorderD.Bytheauthor'slastname参考答案：A7.Whenproofreading,whatshouldyoufocusonfirst?A.GrammarandpunctuationB.SpellingerrorsC.TheoverallstructureD.Theintroduction参考答案：A8.HowdoyouciteawebsiteinAPAformat?A.(Author'sLastName,Year)B.(WebsiteName,Year)C.(URL,Year)D.(Author'sFirstName,Year)参考答案：C9.Whatisthepurposeofathesisstatement?A.TointroducethetopicB.TosummarizetheessayC.ToprovidesupportingevidenceD.Tostatethemainargument参考答案：D10.Whichofthefollowingisagoodstrategyforwritingadescriptiveessay?A.UsingstatisticsB.IncludingpersonalanecdotesC.WritinginthepassivevoiceD.Usingtechnicaljargon参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.TheweatherinLondonisoften______insummer.参考答案：rainy2.Sheisinterestedincollecting______.参考答案：stamps3.Myfathergoestoworkby______everyday.参考答案：car4.WearegoingtohaveapicnicintheparknextSunday.Canyoubringsome______?参考答案：food5.Heisgoodatplayingthepiano.Heoftenplaysit______.参考答案：often6.Iusuallygetupat6:30inthemorning.Ihavebreakfastat______.参考答案：7:307.TheyaregoingtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth.It'sa______place.参考答案：famous8.Pleasepassmethesalt.Thereistoomuch______inthissoup.参考答案：sugar9.Mybirthdayison______.Iusuallyhaveapartywithmyfriends.参考答案：May12th10.Sheisastudent.Shestudiesina______.参考答案：university三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandarenothappeningnow.参考答案：×2.Inwritinganessay,itisimportanttohaveaclearthesisstatementintheintroduction.参考答案：√3.Theword"decision"isanoun,anditsthird-personsingularpresenttenseformis"decides."参考答案：√4.Whenusingthepassivevoice,theobjectoftheactivevoicesentencebecomesthesubjectofthepassivevoicesentence.参考答案：√5.Theword"however"isusedtoaddnewinformationtoasentence.参考答案：×6.Inawell-structuredparagraph,eachsentenceshouldsupportthemainideaoftheparagraph.参考答案：√7.Theword"affect"isaverb,and"effect"isitsnounform.参考答案：√8.Whenwritingaformalletter,itisappropriatetousecontractions.参考答案：×9.Theword"there"isusedtoindicatetheexistenceofsomething,while"their"isusedtoshowpossession.参考答案：√10.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Whatarethemainpurposesofwritingaletterofapplication?参考答案：Tointroduceoneself,toexpressinterestinajobposition,andtoproviderelevantinformationaboutone'squalificationsandexperience.2.Howcanyoumakeyourresumemoreattractivetopotentialemployers?参考答案：Highlightrelevantskillsandexperiences,useclearandconciselanguage,proofreadforerrors,andtailortheresumetothejob.3.Describethekeydifferencesbetweenformalandinformalletters.参考答案：Formallettersusepoliteandrespectfullanguage,haveastructuredformat,andareoftenaddressedtoaspecificpersonwithatitle.Informallettersaremorecasual,useeverydaylanguage,andmaybeaddressedtofriendsorfamily.4.Whatshouldyouincludeintheintroductionofajobapplicationletter?参考答案：Tointroduceoneself,tomentionthejobpositionbeingappliedfor,andtoexpressinterestinthecompany.5.Explaintheimportanceofusingcorrectgrammarandspellinginwrittencommunication.参考答案：Correctgrammarandspellingarecrucialforprofessionalism,clarity,andcredibility.Errorscancreateanegativeimpressionandreducethechancesofthemessagebeingtakenseriously.6.Howcanyoueffectivelydescribeyourskillsandexperiencesinaresume?参考答案：Usespecificexamples,quantifyachievements,matchskillswithjobrequirements,andbeconcise.7.Whataresomecommonmistakestoavoidwhenwritingacoverletter?参考答案：Avoidspellingerrors,beingtoocasual,includingirrelevantinformation,andnottailoringthelettertothejob.8.Discusstheroleofaresumeinthejobapplicationprocess.参考答案：Aresumeservesasasummaryofanapplicant'squalifications,skills,andexperiences,helpingemployersevaluatetheirsuitabilityforthejob.Itisanopportunitytostandoutfromothercandidatesandmakeastrongimpression.五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youareorganizingaschooleventtocelebrateculturaldiversity.Writeashortparagraph(about80words)introducingtheeventandexplainingwhyitisimportantforstudentstolearnaboutdifferentcultures.参考答案：Theeventwillfeatureperformances,food,andactivitiesfromvariousculturesaroundtheworld.Itisimportantforstudentstolearnaboutdifferentculturesbecauseitpromotestolerance,understanding,andrespectfordiversity.Italsobroadenstheirhorizonsandhelpsthemdevelopaglobalperspective.2.AstudentwantstoimprovehisEnglishspeakingskills.HeplanstojoinanEnglishclubandpracticespeakingwithhisclassmateseveryweek.Writeashortparagraph(about60words)givinghimsomesuggestionsonhowtoimprovehisspeakingskills.参考答案：JoiningtheEnglishclubisagreatidea.YoucanalsopracticespeakingbywatchingEnglishmovies,listeningtoEnglishmusic,andreadingEnglishbooks.Don'tbeafraidtomakemistakes,andtrytospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.3.Yourschoolisgoingtoholdaspeechcontest.Writeashortparagraph(about70words)advertisingthecontestandencouragingstudentstoparticipate.参考答案：Dearstudents,weareexcitedtoannounceourannualspeechcontest!Thisisagreatopportunitytoshowcaseyourpublicspeakingskillsandexpressyourideas.Weencourageallstudentstoparticipate,regardlessofyourexperiencelevel.Signupnowandjoinusforadayoffunandcompetition!4.AfriendofyoursisplanningtovisitLondonforthefirsttime.Writeashortemail(about100words)givinghimsomeadviceonwhattoseeanddoinLondon.参考答案：Dearfriend,Londonisafascinatingcitywithsomuchtoseeanddo.IhighlyrecommendvisitingtheBritishMuseum,whichhasanincrediblecollectionofartifactsfromaroundtheworld.YoushouldalsotakearideontheLondonEyeforastunningviewofthecity.Don'tforgettotrysometraditionalBritishcuisine,suchasfishandchips!5.Youareamemberoftheschool'senvironmentalclub.Writeashortparagraph(about60words)suggestingsomewaystheschoolcansaveenergyandreducewaste.参考答案：Tosaveenergy,wecanturnofflightsandelectronicdeviceswhenwearenotusingthem.Wecanalsouseenergy-efficientlightbulbsandappliances.Toreducewaste,wecanrecyclepaper,plastic,andglass.Wecanalsousereusablebagsandcontainersinsteadofdisposableones.6.Yourschoolisgoingtohaveacharitysaletoraisemoneyforalocalchildren'shospital.Writeashortparagraph(about70words)explainingthepurposeofthecharitysaleandencouragingstudentstoparticipate.参考答案：Thecharitysaleisagreatopportunitytohelpthoseinneed.Alltheproceedswillgotothelocalchildren'shospitaltosupporttheirimportantwork.Youcanparticipatebydonatingitemstosellorbuyingitemsfromthesale.Everycontribution,bigorsmall,willmakeadifference.7.Astudentisinterestedinlearninghowtoplaytheguitar.Writeashortparagraph(about60words)suggestingsomeresourceshecanusetolearnhowtoplaytheguitar,suchasonlinetutorials,books,orjoiningamusicclass.参考答案：Therearemanyresourcesavailableforlearninghowtoplaytheguitar.YoucanwatchonlinetutorialsonwebsiteslikeYouTubeortakeonlinecourses.Youcanalsofindbooksonguitarplayinginyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Joiningamusicclassisanotheroptionwhereyoucangetpersonalizedinstructionfromateacher.8.Yourschoolisgoingtohaveasciencefair.Writeashortparagraph(about80words)describingthesciencefairandencouragingstudentstoparticipatebyshowingtheirscienceprojects.参考答案：Thesciencefairwillbeagreatopportunityforstudentstoshowcasetheirscienceprojectsandcreativity.Therewillbeavarietyofprojectsondisplay,coveringdifferentareasofsciencesuchasbiology,chemistry,andphysics.Participatinginthesciencefairisachancetolearnfromotherstudents'projectsandhavefunatthesametime.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：在正式信函中，引言部分通常包括发件人的地址，这是必要的礼貌和正式性要求。选项A的个人照片不适用于正式信函；选项C的笑话和选项D的收件人喜欢的颜色都不属于正式信函的内容。2.参考答案：D解析：一篇有说服力的文章通常包括引言、三个支持性段落和结论。选项D的详细大纲不是文章的一部分，而是写作前的规划工具。3.参考答案：C解析：在撰写报告时，附录通常在结论之后。选项A的方法论、选项B的参考文献和选项D的摘要都在结论之前。4.参考答案：B解析：给朋友的信件通常以友好的方式开始，如“Hellothere,”。选项A、C和D都是用于正式信函的格式。5.参考答案：B解析：比较和对比文章的主要目的是向读者提供信息。选项A的劝说、选项C的娱乐和选项D的道歉都不是比较和对比文章的主要目的。6.参考答案：A解析：研究论文的最佳组织方式是按时间顺序。选项B的字母顺序、选项C的随机顺序和选项D按作者姓氏排序都不适合研究论文。7.参考答案：A解析：在校对时，首先应该关注语法和标点符号。选项B的拼写错误、选项C的整体结构和选项D的引言都是在语法和标点符号之后关注的。8.参考答案：C解析：在APA格式中，引用网站时应该包括URL和年份。选项A只包括作者和年份；选项B只包括网站名称和年份；选项D只包括作者的名字和年份。9.参考答案：D解析：主题句的主要目的是陈述文章的主要论点。选项A的介绍、选项B的总结和选项C的支持证据都不是主题句的主要目的。10.参考答案：B解析：撰写描述性文章的一个好策略是包括个人轶事。选项A的统计数据、选项C的被动语态和选项D的专业术语都不适合描述性文章。二、填空题1.参考答案：rainy解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据题干中的"summer"可知，伦敦夏天天气经常下雨，因此用形容词"rainy"（下雨的）来描述天气状况。其他选项如"sunny"（晴朗的）、"cloudy"（多云的）、"windy"（有风的）都不符合题意。2.参考答案：stamps解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据题干中的"collecting"可知，她感兴趣的是收藏某物，"stamps"（邮票）是常见的收藏品，因此填"stamps"。其他选项如"coins"（硬币）、"books"（书）、"photos"（照片）虽然也是收藏品，但与"interestedincollecting"的搭配不如"stamps"自然。3.参考答案：car解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据题干中的"goestowork"可知，父亲每天开车上班，因此用"car"（汽车）符合语境。其他选项如"bus"（公交车）、"bike"（自行车）、"train"（火车）都不符合"by"的用法，因为"by"后面通常跟交通工具的名词形式。4.参考答案：food解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据题干中的"picnic"（野餐）可知，需要带一些食物，因此用"food"（食物）符合语境。其他选项如"water"（水）、"fruit"（水果）、"juice"（果汁）虽然也是野餐中可能带的东西，但"food"更为概括和常用。5.参考答案：often解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据题干中的"goodatplayingthepiano"和"oftenplaysit"可知，他经常弹钢琴，因此用"often"（经常）符合语境。其他选项如"always"（总是）、"sometimes"（有时）、"never"（从不）都不符合"oftenplaysit"的表述。6.参考答案：7:30解析：本题考查时间表达。根据题干中的"getupat6:30inthemorning"和"havebreakfast"可知，通常在早上起床后不久吃早餐，因此填"7:30"符合语境。其他时间如"8:00"、"9:00"等都不符合"usually"（通常）的表述。7.参考答案：famous解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据题干中的"visittheGreatWall"可知，长城是一个著名的地方，因此用"famous"（著名的）符合语境。其他选项如"beautiful"（美丽的）、"big"（大的）、"old"（古老的）虽然也是长城的特点，但"famous"更能体现其作为旅游景点的属性。8.参考答案：sugar解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据题干中的"passmethesalt"和"Thereistoomuch______inthissoup"可知，汤里盐太多了，因此用"sugar"（糖）不符合语境，而"salt"（盐）才是正确的。其他选项如"sugar"（糖）、"oil"（油）、"vinegar"（醋）都不符合"toomuchsalt"的表述。9.参考答案：May12th解析：本题考查日期表达。根据题干中的"birthday"和"haveaparty"可知，需要填写具体的生日日期，因此填"May12th"符合语境。其他日期如"May1st"、"May20th"等都不符合"mybirthday"的表述。10.参考答案：university解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据题干中的"student"和"studiesina______"可知，她是一名大学生，因此用"university"（大学）符合语境。其他选项如"highschool"（高中）、"middleschool"（初中）、"primaryschool"（小学）都不符合"student"的年龄和身份。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：Thesimplepresenttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathappenregularly,habitually,oraregenerallytrue.Itisnotusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepastandarenothappeningnow.Foractionsthathappenedinthepast,thesimplepasttenseisused.2.参考答案：√解析：Havingaclearthesisstatementintheintroductioniscrucialforanessaybecauseitsetsthedirectionfortheentirepieceandhelpsthereaderunderstandthemainpointthewriteristryingtomake.3.参考答案：√解析："Decision"isindeedanoun,anditsthird-personsingularpresenttenseformis"decides."Forexample,"Hemakesadecision"(presenttense)and"Hedecides"(third-personsingularpresenttense).4.参考答案：√解析：Inthepassivevoice,theobjectoftheactivevoicesentencebecomesthesubjectofthepassivevoicesentence.Forexample,"Theballwasthrownbytheboy"(passivevoice)correspondsto"Theboythrewtheball"(activevoice).5.参考答案：×解析："However"isusedtointroduceacontrastorexception,nottoaddnewinformation.Toaddnewinformation,conjunctionslike"and"or"also"areused.6.参考答案：√解析：Inawell-structuredparagraph,eachsentenceshouldsupportthemainideaoftheparagraphtomaintaincoherenceandfocus.Thishelpsthereaderfollowthewriter'sargumentornarrativemoreeasily.7.参考答案：√解析："Affect"isindeedaverb,meaningtoinfluenceormakeadifferencetosomething."Effect"isitsnounform,meaningtheresultoroutcomeofanaction.Forexample,"Theweatheraffectsourmood"(verb)and"Theeffectoftheweatherwasnoticeable"(noun).8.参考答案：×解析：Inaformalletter,itisgenerallyinappropriatetousecontractionsbecausetheyareconsideredtooinformal.Instead,fullformsofwordsshouldbeusedtomaintainaformaltone.9.参考答案：√解析："There"isusedtoindicatetheexistenceofsomething,asin"Thereisabookonthetable.""Their"isusedtoshowpossession,asin"Theirbookisonthetable."10.参考答案：√解析：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.Forexample,"Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttobed."四、简答题1.参考答案：Tointroduceoneself,toexpressinterestinajobposition,andtoproviderelevantinformationaboutone'squalificationsandexperience.解析：Writingaletterofapplicationservesmultiplepurposes.Firstly,itallowstheapplicanttointroducethemselvestothepotentialemployer.Secondly,itexpressestheirinterestinaspecificjobposition.Lastly,itprovidestheemployerwithrelevantinformationabouttheapplicant'squalifications,skills,andexperience,whichhelpstheemployerevaluatetheapplicant'ssuitabilityforthejob.Thesepurposesareessentialformakingapositiveimpressionandincreasingthechancesofbeingconsideredfortheposition.2.参考答案：Highlightrelevantskillsandexperiences,useclearandconciselanguage,proofreadforerrors,andtailortheresumetothejob.解析：Tomakearesumemoreattractive,itisimportanttohighlightrelevantskillsandexperiencesthatmatchthejobrequirements.Usingclearandconciselanguagehelpstheemployerquicklyunderstandtheapplicant'squalifications.Proofreadingforerrorsensuresthattheresumeisprofessionalandfreeofmistakes.Tailoringtheresumetothespecificjobshowstheemployerthattheapplicanthastakenthetimetounderstandthejobandisagoodfitfortheposition.3.参考答案：Formallettersusepoliteandrespectfullanguage,haveastructuredformat,andareoftenaddressedtoaspecificpersonwithatitle.Informallettersaremorecasual,useeverydaylanguage,andmaybeaddressedtofriendsorfamily.解析：Thekeydifferencesbetweenformalandinformalletterslieintheirlanguage,format,andaudience.Formallettersusepoliteandrespectfullanguage,haveastructuredformatwithspecificsectionslikesalutation,body,andclosing,andareoftenaddressedtoaspecificpersonwithatitle.Informalletters,ontheotherhand,aremorecasual,useeverydaylanguage,andmaybeaddressedtofriendsorfamilywithoutformaltitles.Understandingthesedifferenceshelpsinchoosingtheappropriatestylefordifferentcommunicationcontexts.4.参考答案：Tointroduceoneself,tomentionthejobpositionbeingappliedfor,andtoexpressinterestinthecompany.解析：Theintroductionofajobapplicationlettershouldbeconciseandtothepoint.Itshouldbeginwithapropersalutationandthenintroducetheapplicant,mentioningthejobpositiontheyareapplyingfor.Itisalsoimportanttoexpressinterestinthecompanyanditsmission,showingthattheapplicanthasdonetheirresearchandisgenuinelyinterestedinworkingthere.Thissetsapositivetonefortherestoftheletterandcapturestheemployer'sattention.5.参考答案：Correctgrammarandspellingarecrucialforprofessionalism,clarity,andcredibility.Errorscancreateanegativeimpressionandreducethechancesofthemessagebeingtakenseriously.解析：Usingcorrectgrammarandspellinginwrittencommunicationisessentialforseveralreasons.Firstly,itdemonstratesprofessionalismandattentiontodetail,whicharehighlyvaluedbyemployers.Secondly,itensuresclarityandavoidsmisunderstandings.Lastly,itenhancescredibility,aserrorscanmakethewriterappearcarelessoruneducated.Therefore,itisimportanttoproofreadandeditwrittencommunicationtoensureaccuracy.6.参考答案：Usespecificexamples,quantifyachievements,matchskillswithjobrequirements,andbeconcise.解析：Effectivelydescribingskillsandexperiencesinaresumerequiresastrategicapproach.Usingspecificexamplesandquantifyingachievements(e.g.,"increasedsalesby20%")providesconcreteevidenceoftheapplicant'scapabilities.Matchingskillswithjobrequirementsshowsthattheapplicanthasthenecessaryqualificationsfortheposition.Beingconciseandfocusingonthemostrelevantexperienceshelpstheemployerquicklygrasptheapplicant'sstrengths.7.参考答案：Avoidspellingerrors,beingtoocasual,includingirrelevantinformation,andnottailoringthelettertothejob.解析：Commonmistakestoavoidwhenwritingacoverletterincludespellingerrors,beingtoocasual,includingirrelevantinformation,andnottailoringthelettertothespecificjob.Spellingerrorscancreateanegativeimpressionandsuggestalackofattentiontodetail.Beingtoocasualcanunderminetheprofessionalismoftheletter.Includingirrelevantinformationcandistracttheemployerfromtheapplicant'skeyqualifications.Tailoringthelettertothejobshowsthattheapplicanthastakenthetimetounderstandthejobandisagoodfitfortheposition.8.参考答案：Aresumeservesasasummaryofanapplicant'squalifications,skills,andexperiences,helpingemployersevaluatetheirsuitabilityforthejob.Itisanopportunitytostandoutfromothercandidatesandmakeastrongimpression.解析：Theroleofaresumeinthejobapplicationprocessiscrucial.Itprovidesaconcisesummaryofanapplicant'squalifications,skills,andexperiences,allowingemployerstoquicklyassesstheirsuitabilityfortheposition.Awell-craftedresumecanhelpanapplicantstandoutfromothercandidatesandmakeastrongimpression.Itisanopportunitytohighlightrelevantachievementsanddemonstratewhytheapplicantisthebestfitforthejob.五、应用题1.参考答案：Theeventwillfeatureperformances,food,andactivitiesfromvariousculturesaroundtheworld.Itisimportantforstudentstolearnaboutdifferentculturesbecauseitpromotestolerance,understanding,andrespectfordiversity.Italsobroadenstheirhorizonsandhelpsthemdevelopaglobalperspective.解析：本题考查写作能力，要求学生写一篇短文介绍一个庆祝文化多样性的活动，并解释为什么学生学习不同文化很重要。答案中提到了活动的具体内容，如表演、食物和活动，并解释了学习不同文化的重要性，如促进宽容、理解和尊重多样性，拓宽视野，帮助发展全球视角。这些内容与题干要求相符，答案完整准确。2.参考答案：JoiningtheEnglishclubisagreatidea.YoucanalsopracticespeakingbywatchingEnglishmovies,listeningtoEnglishmusic,andreadingEnglishbooks.Don'tbeafraidtomakemistakes,andtrytospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.解析：本题考查写作能力，要求学生给一个想提高英语口语技能的同学一些建议。答案中建议他加入英语俱乐部，并提出了其他练习口语的方法，如看电影、听音乐和读书，并鼓励他不要害怕犯错误，尽可能多地说英语。这些建议符合题干要求，答案完整准确。3.参考答案：Dearstudents,weareexcitedtoannounceourannualspeechcontest!Thisisagreatopportunitytoshowcaseyourpublicspeakingskillsandexpressyourideas.Weencourageallstudentstoparticipate,regardlessofyourexperiencelevel.Sign