2026年中考英语真题分类汇编04阅读理解D

年中考英语真题分类汇编04阅读理解D篇P01Angelowasabusinessman.In2005,hewasquiteill.Sohewantedaplacewherehecouldliveahappyandhealthylife.Herealizedthathedidn’tneedtoliveinahugehouseinthecity.Hebelievedthatbeingclosertonaturecouldhelphimfeelbetter.Oneday,hewasinthewoodswhenitstartedtorain.Helookedforaplacetokeepdryandhediscoveredacave(洞穴)house!Itwas800yearsold.From1962,noonelivedthereandthehousestayedempty.Angelolikedthehouseverymuch.Hewenttoseethepossibilityofgettingit.Itwasforsaleandin2010hedecidedtobuyit.Afterthat,hestartedtocutintotherockandtorebuildandmodernizethehouse.Heworkedforoverathousandhoursfrombeginningtoend.Heplannedeverythinghimself,hemovedabout80tonsofrockhimselfandhepaintedthehouse.Angelofinishedthehouseinninemonths.Thehouseisnothuge.Itisabout65m².Ithasmodernfacilities(设施),suchashotwater,Internetconnectionsandheatingunderthefloorsoftherooms.Angelousesthehouseasaplacetogotosometimes,togetawayfromhisbusycitylife.Inordertohelpotherpeoplegetclosertonature,heshareshishousewiththemwhenhedoesn’tlivethere.TheycanenjoyAngelo’shappyhouseandrunawayfromtheirbusylivestoo.[2026·安徽]WhatdoweknowaboutAngeloinparagraph1?A.Hewasayoungdoctor. B.Hewantedadifferentlife.C.Hewasalwaysingoodhealth. D.Helivedinthecountryside.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto(指的是)?A.Therain. B.Thewood. C.Thehouse. D.Themoney.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.WhyAngelolikedthehouse. B.HowAngelorebuiltthehouse.C.Whythehousewasforsale. D.Howthehousewasdiscovered.WhydoesAngelosharehishousewithotherpeople?A.Toraisesomemoney. B.Topresentitsmodernfacilities.C.Tomakemorefriends. D.Tohelpthemgetclosertonature.66~69BCBDP02Bullsharks(牛鲨)havefriendstoo,scientistshavediscovered.Peopleusuallythinksharkslivealone,butanewstudysuggeststhatbullsharkshavefriendstheyliketospendtimewith.Scientistswatched184sharksoversixyears.Thesharkswerefedtogetherinsideaprotectedarea.Researcherscouldgodeepdownandwatchthem.Theteamrecordedtheiractions,suchassharksleadingandfollowingeachotherandhowclosetogetherthesharksswam.Theyfoundthatbothmale(雄性的)andfemale(雌性的)bullsharksliketoplaywithfemales,butmalesformmoresocialrelationships.Thismightbebecausemalesaresmallerthanfemales,sohavingmorefriendsprotectsthemfromlargerseaanimals.Theresearcherssaidthatlikeotheranimals,bullsharksmightlearnnewskills,findfoodandstaysafefromenemiesbysocialconnections.“Ashumans,webuilddifferentkindsofsocialrelationships.Andthesesharksaredoingsimilarthings,”saidNatashaMarosi,wholedtheresearch.Thescientistssaidunderstandingbullsharks’actionscanteachusmoreabouthowtheylivetogetherandmovearound,whichcanhelpwithsharkprotection.[2026·安徽]Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutbullsharks?A.Theylivealone. B.Theylikehumans.C.Theyhavefriends. D.Theyfeedeachother.Whatmightbethereasonformalesharkstoformmoresocialrelationships?A.Theyneedprotection. B.Theywanttobeleaders.C.Theyneedmoreareas. D.Theywanttomeetfemales.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themeaningofthestudy. B.Thecauseofhumanaction.C.Theadvantageofsociallife. D.Thewayofsharkprotection.70~72CAAP03Theinternethasprovideduswithunmatchedwaystogetinformationbutitisalsosoundingalarms.Someexpertsarguethattheinternetwillproduceforgetfulnessinthemindsofthoselearningtouseit,becausetheywon’tpractisetheirmemory.Istheinternetreallydoingharmtoourmemories—orwillourdoubtfulexpertsbeprovenwrong?Afterall,thebrain’sattentionsystem(系统)andpreferencesfornovelexperienceswerealreadytherelongbeforethedigitalage,andourabilitytorememberisnearlyinexhaustible(无穷尽的).AccordingtoMichaelMerzenich,abrainresearcher,everybrainisaworkinprogress;itkeepschangingthroughoutourlives,dependingonhowweuseit.Butourbrainsdon’tworkwellwhenwe’renotfocused.Whenwerepeatedlychecktextmessagesandsocialmediaduringwork,weareweakeningourabilitytoformbothshort-andlong-termmemories,expertssay.Thefloodingofinformationinfluencesourabilitytoremember,too.Thoughourbrainsaredesignedtolookfornewdata,toomuchofitmaybecausingthisnaturaldrivetogowild.Thecompulsiontocontinuouslytakeininformationmeansweoftenchecksocialmediawhenweshouldbedoing“memoryhousekeeping”bygivingourbrainssomerest.Anotherproblem:theeffortlesswayofreceivinginformationonline.Tryingtoactivelyrecall(回忆)dataisagoodworkoutforthebrain,buttodayweareusingonlinesearchtoolsinstead.However,theinternetmaybechangingonlywhatweremember,notourabilitytodoso,suggestsColumbiaUniversitypsychologist(心理学家)BetsySparrow.Infact,theinternetisbecominganoutsideharddriveforourmemories.Someworrythatthisishavinganegativeeffectonsociety,butSparrowsuggeststhiswillchangeourwayoflearningfromafocusonrememberingfactstooneonunderstandingideas.Asisshownina2008study,usingtheinternetexercisedthebrainmorethanreadingamongolderadultswithstrongcomputerskills.AndtwoHarvardpsychologistsarguethatnotneedingtorememberfactsmightfreeourmindstofocusonmoremeaningfultasks.“Theremaybecostscausedbyourincreaseddependenceontheinternet,butgenerallythebenefitsaregoingtooutweighthosecosts,”saysBenjaminStorm,apsychologist.“Itseemsprettyclearthatmemoryischanging,butisitchangingforthebetter?Atthispoint,wedon’tknow.”[2026·北京]Whatdoestheword“compulsion”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Longing. B.Ability. C.Chance. D.Promise.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Internetusersrememberfactsbetterthannon-users.B.Novelexperiencesimprovethebrain’sattentionsystem.C.Checkingsocialmediacangivethebrainproperbreaks.D.Theinternetmayproduceachangeoffocusinlearning.HowdoesBenjaminStormfeelabouttheeffectsoftheinternetonmemory?A.Uneasyanddoubtful. B.Positivebutstilluncertain.C.Negativebutstillhopeful. D.Encouragedandconfident.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toargueforabelief. B.Tochallengeasolution.C.Topresentdifferentviews. D.Toexaminecausesandeffects.30.A31.D32.B33.CP04Withtheworldbecomingwarmerbecauseofclimatechange,mosquitoesarebusyenlargingtheirlivingspace.Now,aChinesecompanyhascreatedanewdevicewhichcandetectmosquitoesandthenkillthem.Thedevicepromisesafutureinwhichthepeaceandquietofasummereveningisnolongerbrokenbyflyingmosquitoes.Thesmall,lightdeviceusesAItodiscovermosquitoesassmallas2millimeters(毫米).Within0.003seconds,itfiresahigh-energylaser(激光)thatdisablesamosquitomidflight—acoursethatcanhardlybeseenbyhumans—andcankillupto30mosquitoeseverysecond.TheChinesedeviceisnotaloneinmosquitocontrol.TheLocus,whichismadebyaforeigncompany,usescomputerstolocate(定位)mosquitoesindoors.However,whiletheLocusfocusesonlocation,theChinesedevicegoesastepfurtherbykillingmosquitoes.Itisnoteasytoimprovetheaccuracyrate(准确率).TheearlymodelsoftheChinesedevicefailedtocorrectlydiscovermosquitoeswithinashortdistance,astheywereinfluencedbybackgroundnoise.Afteryearsofhardwork,carefulresearchandcountlesstests,thecompanyputAIandlasertechnologytogether,enablingadiscoveryrateofover95percentwithinsixmeters.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),thereareover3,500kindsofmosquitoesintheworld.About200kindscanspreaddiseases.Everyyear,mosquitoeskillmorethan700,000people.Millionsofpeoplefacethisriskeveryday.ThisnewChinesedeviceprovidesasafeandeffectivewaytofightmosquitoesandprotectpeople’shealth.[2026·福建]Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detect”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Warn. B.Blow. C.Watch. D.Discover.HowdoesthewriterprovetheeffectivenessofthedeviceinParagraph2?A.Bytellingastory. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byusingexperts’words.WhatisanadvantageoftheChinesedeviceovertheLocus?A.Killingmosquitoesafterlocation.B.Focusingonmosquitoesoutdoors.C.Findingmosquitoesinashorttime.D.UsingAItodrivemosquitoesaway.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Howthedevicewastested. B.Theinfluenceofnoiseonaccuracy.C.HowAIwasusedinthedevice. D.Theroadtoahighaccuracyrate.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Mostmosquitoesaredangerous.B.TheChinesedeviceisofgreatuse.C.Mosquitoesaroundushavebeencontrolled.D.TheChinesedeviceispraisedbytheWHO.61.D62.B63.A64.D65.BP05Eversincewewereborn,we’vebeenlearningnewthingsusingournaturalintelligence.Todayartificialintelligence(AI)ischangingthewayweliveandlearn.HowcanweunderstandAIliteracy(素养)intheageofAI?I’macomputerscientist.IthinkunderstandingAIisthefirststep.Artificialmeans“madebypeople.”ComputersuseAItothinkoractmorelikeahuman.Inmywork,Igivecomputersspeciallistsofrulesorinstructions.Theseinstructionsarecalledalgorithms.Theyallowcomputerstocarryoutintelligenttasksorsolveproblems.However,wemustmakesurethealgorithmsarefair.AIisprettysmart.Butdon’tworry!Itisn’tnecessarilysmarterthanyouare.I’manengineer.IntheageofAI,humanmachinecooperationcan’tbeavoided.LearninghowtoaskAIquestionsisveryimportant.Justlikeus,computersperformtasksandlearnbyusinginformationandexperience.However,nomatterwhatAItoolsweareusing,theyaretrainedbyushumans.AIislikeabigteamproject.UsingAIeffectivelydependsonourownknowledgeandexperience.Iteachhistory.IthinkAIliteracyistheabilitytounderstand,value,andusenewtechnologyconfidentlyandresponsibly.Atmyschool,studentslearnaboutAIthroughcrosssubjectprojects.WenotonlyhelpthemlearntouseAItosolvereallifeproblemsbutalsoencouragethemtothinkcritically.Forexample,whenAIgivesananswer,studentschecktheinformationfromtrustedwebsitesandbookstomakesureit’strue.WealsogetstudentstothinkanddiscusswhatisrightandwrongwhenusingAI.AIisahelpfultool,butitcannotthinkorfeellikehumans.That’swhywealwayshelpstudentslearntolistentoandunderstandeachother,workasateam,andmostimportantly,staypositivewhenfacingchallenges.TheAIagehasarrived.Let’sgetready![2026·广州]Whatdoestheunderlinedword“algorithms”inMrMa’spostmean?A.Speciallistsofrules. B.Learningtasks.C.Problemstobesolved. D.Digitalmachines.WhatdecideshowwellyoucanworkwithAIaccordingtoMsWu?A.ThetrainingAIreceives. B.HowweaskAIquestions.C.WhatAItoolsweareusing. D.Ourknowledgeandexperience.WhatisMrLi?A.Astudent. B.Aschoolteacher.C.Anengineer. D.Acomputerscientist.WhatisMrLi’spostmainlyabout?A.HowtosolvereallifeproblemswithAI.B.HowtohelppreparestudentsfortheAIage.C.HowtodesigncrosssubjectprojectswithAI.D.Howtoraisestudents’teamspiritintheAIage.37.A38.D39.B40.BP06Scientistshavestudiedanimals’feelingsforhundredsofyears.However,thepastresearchmainlyfocusedonanimals’negativefeelings,suchasexpressionsofpainandfear.Thiscanhelpreduceanimals’suffering,butitdoesn’ttellwhatbringsthemhappiness.Nowsomescientistsareworkingtogethertobetterunderstandanimals’joy.Theyaretryingtomeasure(测量)joyinanimalsinanewstudy.Thescientistsdefine(下定义)joyasastrongpositivefeelingwhichiscausedbyanevent,suchasseeingafriendorafavoritefood.Theyhavecreatedasetofwaystomeasurethefeelingindifferentanimals.Thescientistswanttomakesurethatthefinalresultisnotfromjustguessinganimals’mind,butfromscientificresearch.Somesignsofjoyareconnectedwithactions.Forexample,somescientistshavenoticedthatchimpanzees(黑猩猩)makelaugh-likesoundswhiletheyareplaying.Otherscientistshavenoticedthatdolphins(海豚)producejoyfulsoundswhenhappythingshappentothem.However,actionsdonottellthewholestory.Horsesseemtobehappilyplaying,buttheymayactuallyhavetheoppositefeeling:theyaredowncast.Sothescientistsarealsoexamininganimals’brainchemistryandstudyingtheirbodytemperaturechangestohelptelliftheanimalsaretrulyhappy.Learningaboutjoyinanimalscanimprovethecareofanimals.Andthenewstudyaboutanimals’happinesscanalsohelpbetterunderstandhumans’happiness.[2026·河北]Whatdoesthenewstudyaboutanimalsfocuson?A.Theirfear. B.Theirhappiness.C.Theirfood. D.Theirfriendship.Whyarechimpanzeesanddolphinsmentionedinparagraph3?A.Torecordthechallengeofstudyinganimals.B.Toexplainthewaysofmakinghappysounds.C.Toshowtheconnectionbetweenjoyandactions.D.Totellthedifferencesbetweentwokindsofanimals.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downcast”inparagraph4mean?A.Sad. B.Calm.C.Moved. D.Surprised.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthenewstudy?A.Itmakespeoplegetclosetonature. B.Itimprovesanimals’dailybehavior.C.Itencouragespeopletokeepanimals. D.Itbenefitsbothanimalsandhumans.BCADP07Haveyoueverwalkedaroundwithyourhandsinyourpocketsjusttolook“cool”?Haveyoueverimaginedbeing“thechosenone”—someonewithasecretplan,hiddenpain,orthoughtsbeyond(超出)one’sage?Ifso,youarenotalone!Lookingbackonmymiddleschooldays,IstillrememberhowsillyIwas.Iwantedpeopletonoticeme,butIalsoactedasifIdidn’tcare.IwalkedaroundinmyoversizedT-shirtsandbaggyjeansbecauseIthoughttheymademelookcooler.Ididn’twanttodoanything“mainstream”justtoshowIwasdifferentfromothers.Forexample,ifeveryonelikedasong,I’dsayproudly,“Iamtheonlyonewhodislikesit!”Thiskindofteenbehaviour(行为)isquitecommon.Manyteenagersaround13or14startbelievingthatbeing“normal”istooboring.Theywanttobedifferentfromeveryoneelse.What’smore,theywanttobethecentreofattention,andtheyoftencarealotabouthowothersthinkofthem.Yes,Ifindmy14-year-oldselffunny.Butasafathernow,Iunderstandhowpainfulitcanbetobecomeateenager.Youarenolongerakid,butnotanadult,either.Youfeelunsure,butyoualsowanttolookconfident.Althoughyourbehaviourcanseemsilly,itisjustanaturalpartofgrowingup—atimewhenyouexplorewhoyouareandwhoyouwanttobe.So,nexttimeyoulookbackandfeelabitsillyaboutyourpastbehaviour,don’tbetoohardonyourself.Thereisnothingwrongwithyou!Itisjustpartofgrowingup.[2026·大庆]Howdoesthewriterstartthepassage?A.Byofferingadvice. B.Byaskingquestions.C.Bycomparingfacts. D.Bysharingexperiences.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mainstream”inParagraph2?A.Normal. B.Cool. C.Different. D.Strange.WhataremanyteenagerslikelytodoaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Copyothers’behaviour. B.Understandothers’pains.C.Dislikeothers’attention. D.Careaboutothers’thoughts.Whichofthefollowingopinionsdoesthewriteragreewith?A.Teenagersshouldn’tlookbackonthepast.B.Teenagersshouldn’tbedifferentfromothers.C.It’seasyforteenagerstounderstandthemselves.D.It’spartofgrowingupforteenagerstobehavesilly.12.B13.A14.D15.DP08根据短文内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。Sugarisasweetthingthatisusedtocookfoodandcanmakedrinkssweet.Anditislovedbymostpeople.Butnotallsugarishealthytous.Naturallyproducedsugar,forexampleinfruit,isconsideredhealthy.However,refined(精制的)sugarisnothealthyandisaddedtomanyprocessed(加工过的)foodstomakethemtastebetter.Topeople’ssurprise,thisrefinedsugarcanbefoundinmanydeliciousfoodslikebread.Besidesthat,refinedsugarhasnovaluetoourhealthandoffersemptycalories(卡路里).Italsohasnofiber(纤维素),unlikethenaturalsugarinfruit,soitiseasytoeatalot.Toomanycaloriesleadtoputtingonmoreweight.Toomuchsugarwillalsoharmourteethandweevengetsomediseasesinourlaterlife.Sowhatcanwedoabouttoomuchsugar,especiallythehiddensugarinourdiet?Itseemsthatwecangetsomehelpfromthegovernment.Itshouldregulate(控制)theamountofsugarthatcompaniescanaddtofoods.Next,schoolshouldtellstudentsaboutthehealthproblemsofeatingtoomuchsugar.What’smore,itisnecessaryforstudentstoeatmorevegetablesandfruitwithlesssugar.Althoughsugarisdelicious,itstillputsourfuturehealthatrisk.Itisimportantforyoungpeopletoknowaboutthedangerofeatingtoomuchsugar.[2026·绥化]Whyisrefinedsugaraddedtomanyfoods?A.Tomakethefoodsfresher.B.Tomakethefoodshealthier.C.Tomakethefoodsmoredelicious.Howisfruitsugardifferentfromrefinedsugar?A.Ithasfiber. B.Itisprocessed. C.It’seasytoeatalot.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsprobablyhasrefinedsugar?A.Bread&cakes. B.Carrots&onions. C.Bananas&apples.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A.Examplesofhealthyeating.B.Waystocontrolsugarinourdiet.C.Reasonsforaddingsugartomanyfoods.Whatisimportantforyoungpeopleaccordingtothepassage?A.Eatingnosugar. B.Eatingmoresugar. C.Eatingpropersugar.61-65CAABCP09Whatfirstcomestomindwhenyouheartheword“storytelling”?Abedtimestory,amovie,oranovel?Whateveryouthinkof,theyhavesomethingincommon.Theyareallfromoneofthemostexcitingthingshumansdo:tellingstories.Whydowetellstories?Justforfun?Well,here’sastoryforyou.Imaginetheworldhundredsofthousandsofyearsago.AgroupofNeanderthals(尼安德特人)aresittingaroundthefire.They’vejustfinishedabigmealtogether.Onemangoesouttogetsomefruitwithhisfriend.Well,theydon’tcomebackafteralongwhile.Finally,onlythemanreturns.He’scoveredwithbloodandhasasadstorytoshare.Hetellstheothersthatwhentheywerewalkingback,atigerkilledhisfriend.Theothersareshocked.Areyougettingtheidea?Storiesaren’tjustforfun.Goodstoriescatchourattentionbygivingussomethingtothinkabout.Theycarrymessages.Thesemessagesmightbeusefulinthefuture.LiketheNeanderthalman’sstory,makingpeoplelaughiscertainlynotitspurpose!Weadmirestorytellers.Theyhavewonderfulstorytellingskills.Inthepast,storytellersoftentraveledalot.Whentheyreturnedhome,theyhadstoriestoshare.Thestorieswereinterestingandalsogavepeopleachancetolearnaboutthosefarawayplaces.Everycountryhasitsownstories.Thesestoriesshowitsculture.Incountriesallovertheworld,storiesarepasseddown.Theybecomepartoftradition.Storiesreflectwhopeopleare.根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。（5分）[2026·长春]Tellingstoriesisoneofthemostexcitingthingshumansdo.Inthestory,onlyoneofthetwoNeanderthalscamebackatlast.MakingpeoplelaughisthepurposeoftheNeanderthalman’sstory.Inthepast,storytellersoftenstayedathomeandmadeupstories.Storiesshowthecultureofacountryandtheyarepasseddown.41.T42.T43.F44.F45.TP10Chineseresearchershavedevelopedanewsystemthatcangentlystophundred-tonaircraftduringemergency(紧急的)landingsontherunway.Thesystemhasrecentlyreceivedanationalcreationaward.Theresearchersdevelopedanewmaterialcalledfoam(泡沫)concrete(混凝土).Itlookslikecommonconcretebutweighsjust200kgpercubicmetre—aboutatenthoftheweightofstandardconcrete.Whenanaircraftrunsintoit,thematerialcreatesa“softstopper”thattakesinenergythroughcontrolledbreaking.Thisallowstheplanetoslowdownsmoothlyandfinallystopsafely.Landingisoneofthemostdangerousperiodsofflight.Internationalairtravelrulesrequireasafetyareaofatleast90metresbeyondrunways.Inthepast,theareawasfilledwithwater,grass,soil,orsand.Allofthemhaddisadvantages:Watercouldbecomehardiceorattractwildlife,whilesoilstrengthchangedwithweather.Thekeychallengeiscontrollinghowthefoamconcretebreaksdown.Itmusthaveenoughstrengthtosupportaircraftwheelsbutbeweakenoughtocollapsewhenhit.Forexample,forlargepassengerplanes,itsstrengthmustfallexactlybetween0.30and0.35megapascals(兆帕).Unlikeearlierforeigndesignsthatdependedonexpensivebutnotlong-lastingconcrete,theChineseteamdevelopedamethodthatmadethesystemcheaperandmorelasting.Theyalsodevelopedmethodstoputmillionsofbubblesintothematerialandcontrolthewayitturnshard,makingsureitworkswellevenafterbeingusedintheopenairforalongtime.Thesystemhasnowbeenusedat14airportsacrossChina.Testsshowthatafteroneyear,thematerial’sproperties(性能)changebyonly3%,provingitshighquality.[2026·常州]WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatthemateriallookslike. B.Howthematerialismade.C.Whatmakesthesystemworkwell. D.Howthesystemisdeveloped.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapse”mostprobablymean?A.Break. B.Form. C.Appear. D.Burn.Whatisthekeyadvantageofthesystem?A.Itcanstopanaircraftinashortertime. B.Itcanslowdownanaircraftsmoothly.C.Itcancreateasafetyareaofover90metres. D.Itcanbeusedintheopenair.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewrunwaysafetysystem. B.Toexplainanewflyingtechnology.C.Todescribesomepossiblelandingmethods. D.Tocomparetwodifferentsafetymaterials.33.C34.A35.B36.AP11Inmodernsociety,energyplaysanimportantroleinhumanactivities.Generally,fossilfuels(化石燃料)arelimitedandunfriendlytoourenvironment,whilewindandwaterenergy,thoughclean,canbeeasilyinfluencedbyweatherconditions.Thepresentnuclearplants(核电站)probablyharmourenvironment.Thereisnothinglikethesuntoprovidehumanswithunlimitedcleanenergy.UndertheguidanceofChina’s15thFive-YearPlan,Chinesescientistsareworkinghardertobuildakindof“artificial(人造的)sun”.Whatisitlike?Ofcourse,it’snotthesunaboveourheadsthatprovidesenergyforlivesonEarth.Infact,it’saspecialmachinedesignedtomakethenuclearfusion(核聚变)happen,similartothatofthesun.Nuclearfusionhappenswhenlighteratomicnuclei(原子核)jointogethertoformheavieratomicnuclei.Throughthisprocess,ahugeamountofenergyisproduced.Unlikethepresentnuclearenergyproductionmethod,thisnewwayisenvironmentallyfriendly.However,producingpracticalenergyfromanuclearfusionmachinehasmanyrequirements,suchasreachingtemperaturesabove100milliondegreesforthousandsofseconds.Itisamustforthecontinuousenergyproduction.Thatisveryhardtoachieve.Besides,makingsureofitscontrollabilityisalsoachallenge.AreportpresentedbyChinesescientistssaidthatChina’scontrollablenuclearfusionenergydevelopmentisenteringadecisiveperiod.Themachines,suchastheExperimentalAdvancedSuperconductingTokamak,orEASTinHefei,havesetworldrecordsbykeepingtemperaturesabove100milliondegreesformorethan1,000seconds.Itmeansinsidethetestmachines,humanshavecreatedtheneededenvironmentforfuturefusionplantsforthefirsttime.Sofar,noothercountryintheworldhasmadethisachievement.China’sfusionresearchhasdevelopedalotinrecentyears.InNovember2025,ChinaputforwardaresearchplantobuildtheBESTmachine,China’snext-generation(下一代)“artificialsun”.Oncecompletedbytheendof2027,BESTwilldotestsandcheckitsworkingabilities.Eventhoughtherearemanychallenges,Chinahasbeenmakinggreatprogressinfusionenergywithworldrecordscontinuouslybroken.Controllablenuclearfusion,asoneofthemainprojectsduringourcountry’s15thFive-YearPlanperiod,bringsthehopeofcleanandrichenergyastepclosertoreality.[2026·淮安]WhydoesthewritermentiondifferentkindsofenergyinParagraph1?A.Toexplaintheirinfluences.B.TolisttheprogressmadebyChina.C.Tofindouttheirdifferences.D.Toshowthevalueof“artificialsun”.Howdoes“artificialsun”produceenergy?A.Byrepeatingtestingthesun. B.Byworkinglikethesun.C.Bygatheringthesun’satomicnuclei. D.Bygettingheatfromthesun.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thisachievement”referto(指)inParagraph4?A.Earliertestresultshavebeenconfirmed. B.Correctworkingstepshavebeenfollowed.C.Possibletestreasonshavebeenexplained. D.Someworkingconditionshavebeenreached.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.“ArtificialSun”:FutureWorldRecord B.“ArtificialSun”:FutureEnergyHopeC.“ArtificialSun”:FutureFuelProvider D.“ArtificialSun”:FutureScienceLeader37.D38.B39.D40.BP12SomeofthemostbeautifulriversintheUKarefromundergroundsprings,whichcreateperfectconditionsforwildlifetolive.Tounderstandhowhealthytheriversreallyare,scientistskeepwatchingthemfornumbersofspecies(物种)overtime.Thiscanshowhowwellahabitatcanmanagestresssuchasrisingtemperatures,reducedrainfallandpollution.Traditionally,researcherssurveyriversbygoingoutthemselvesandsearchingforplants,animalsorsignsoftheirpresence(存在).Thismethodworks,butittakesmuchtimeandcanmisssomespeciesnotpresentduringthesurvey.AnewprojectcalledGeneFlowtriesanewtechnology—environmentalDNA(eDNA).Whenaspecies—forexample,afish—movesthroughtheenvironment,itdropsbitsofitselfallthetime,fromdeadskincellstofaeces(粪便).TheDNAinthesematerialsisknownasenvironmentalDNA(eDNA).Ifsomeonetestsasample(样本)ofthewater,thesepiecesofDNAcanshowtherecentpresenceofthefish,thoughnofishisseen.Thistechnologyallowsscientiststofindspeciesthatwecannotseewithoureyes,sothatwecanlearnmoreabouttherivers.GeneFlowaims