部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案

部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案第1页共1页部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.IfastudentwantstoexpressthathehasbeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyears,whichtenseshouldheuse?A.PresentSimpleB.PresentContinuousC.PastSimpleD.PresentPerfect参考答案：D2.Thesentence"ShehaslivedinLondonsince2015"useswhichstructure?A.PresentPerfectwithanadverbialoftimeB.PastContinuouswithanadverbialofplaceC.PresentSimplewithaconjunctionoftimeD.PastPerfectwithanadverbialofmanner参考答案：A3.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthenegativeof"TheygototheparkeverySunday"?A.Theydon'tgototheparkeverySunday.B.Theydoesn'tgototheparkeverySunday.C.Theyaren'tgototheparkeverySunday.D.Theydon'tgoestotheparkeverySunday.参考答案：A4.InwhichsituationwouldweusethePresentPerfectContinuoustense?A.Todescribeahabitthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.B.Totalkaboutacompletedactioninthepastwithnoconnectiontothepresent.C.Todescribeanactionthatbeganinthepastandisstillongoing.D.Totalkaboutafutureplan.参考答案：C5.Theunderlinedword"hasbeenraining"inthesentence"Ithasbeenrainingallday"isanexampleof:A.PresentSimpletenseB.PresentContinuoustenseC.PastPerfecttenseD.PresentPerfectContinuoustense参考答案：D6.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthethirdpersonsingularforminthepresentsimpletense?A.HewatchsTVeveryevening.B.Shegoestoschoolbybus.C.Theyplaysfootballonweekends.D.Ithasacar.参考答案：B7.Thesentence"Ihavebeenwaitingforanhour"isanexampleof:A.PresentSimpletenseB.PresentContinuoustenseC.PastPerfecttenseD.PresentPerfectContinuoustense参考答案：D8.Whatisthecorrectformof"study"inthePresentPerfecttense?A.studiedB.studiesC.havestudiedD.hadstudied参考答案：C9.Thesentence"Theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkbeforethemoviestarted"useswhichtense?A.PresentSimpleB.PresentContinuousC.PastPerfectD.PresentPerfect参考答案：C10.WhichsentenceisanexampleofthePresentPerfectContinuoustense?A.Shehasbeensingingforfiveminutes.B.Hehassungforfiveminutes.C.Theywillsingforfiveminutes.D.Shesangforfiveminutes.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Theboy_______(play)footballintheparkyesterdayafternoon.参考答案：plays2.Bythetimetheyarrivedatthestation,thetrain_______(alreadyleave).参考答案：hadleft3.IfI_______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.参考答案：were4._______youstudyharder,_______gradesyouwillget.参考答案：Theharder;thebetter5.Notonly_______(he)helpmewithmyhomework,buthealsolendmesomemoney.参考答案：doeshe6.Thestudents_______(go)onafieldtripnextFriday.参考答案：aregoingtogo7._______isaskillthateveryoneneedstodevelopintoday'ssociety.参考答案：Communication8.It'simportanttokeepapositiveattitude,_______itcanhelpyouovercomedifficulties.参考答案：that9.Thebook_______(write)bymyfavoriteauthorisveryinteresting.参考答案：which10.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youneedtopractice_______often.参考答案：more三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Thesentence"Thebookwhichisonthetablebelongstome"canbesimplifiedto"Thebookonthetableismine."参考答案：√2.Whenusingthepresentperfecttense,wealwaysneedtospecifythetimewhentheactionstarted.参考答案：×3.Thestructure"Itisimportanttostudyhard"canbechangedto"Tostudyhardisimportant"withoutchangingthemeaning.参考答案：√4.Inthesentence"HehasbeenlivinginLondonforfiveyears,"theverbform"hasbeenliving"iscorrect.参考答案：√5.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.参考答案：√6.Thesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"isusedtogiveadviceinthepresent.参考答案：×7.Thestructure"Subject+presentparticiple"canbeusedtomakeasentencemoreinteresting.参考答案：√8.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwashappeningataspecifictimeinthepast.参考答案：√9.Thesentence"TheyaregoingtotraveltoJapannextmonth"iscorrectforexpressingafutureplan.参考答案：√10.Thestructure"Itisnecessarytofinishtheworktoday"canbechangedto"Tofinishtheworktodayisnecessary."参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Pleasebrieflydescribethestructureandfunctionofthesimplepresenttense.参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseconsistsofthebaseformoftheverb(forI,you,we,they)orthethird-personsingularform(forhe,she,it)inthepresenttense.Itsfunctionistoexpresshabitualactions,generaltruths,facts,andscheduledevents.2.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpleandthepresentcontinuoustenses?参考答案：Themaindifferencesareinusage:thepresentsimpleisusedforhabitualactionsandgeneraltruths,whilethepresentcontinuousisusedforactionshappeningnowortemporarysituations.Thepresentsimpleusesthebaseformorthird-personsingular,whilethepresentcontinuoususestheverb"tobe"+presentparticiple(-ingform).3.Howdoyouformthenegativeandinterrogativesentencesinthesimplepresenttense?参考答案：Toformnegativesentences,add"donot"(don't)or"doesnot"(doesn't)beforethebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"Idonotstudy"or"Hedoesnotwork").Forinterrogativesentences,place"Do"or"Does"beforethesubjectandthebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"Doyoustudy?"or"Doeshework?").4.Canyougiveanexampleofusingthesimplepresenttensetodescribeahabitualaction?参考答案：Example:"ShestudiesEnglisheveryday."ThissentencedescribesahabitualactionbecauseitstatesthatstudyingEnglishissomethingshedoesregularly.5.Inwhichsituationsisthesimplepresenttensecommonlyused?参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseiscommonlyusedin:(1)describinghabitualactions(e.g.,"Idrinkcoffeeeverymorning");(2)statinggeneraltruths(e.g.,"Thesunrisesintheeast");(3)expressingscientificfacts(e.g.,"Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius");(4)schedulingfutureevents(e.g.,"Thetrainleavesat9a.m.").6.Explaintheuseofthesimplepresenttenseinscientificfactsandobjectivetruths.参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseisusedinscientificfactsandobjectivetruthsbecausetheyarealwaystrueanddonotchangeovertime.Examplesinclude:"Birdsfly"or"Theearthrevolvesaroundthesun."7.HowwouldyouexplainthesimplepresenttensetoabeginnerlearnerofEnglish?参考答案：Toexplainthesimplepresenttensetoabeginner:(1)explainthatitisusedforthingsthathappeneveryday(habits);(2)showhowtoadd"-s"or"-es"toverbsforhe,she,it(e.g.,"work"becomes"works");(3)giveclearexamplesofgeneraltruths(e.g.,"Theskyisblue").8.Whatcommonmistakesshouldbeavoidedwhenusingthesimplepresenttense?参考答案：Commonmistakestoavoid:(1)forgettingtoadd"-s"or"-es"toverbsforhe,she,it(e.g.,"Hework"insteadof"Heworks");(2)usingthepresentcontinuousforhabitualactions(e.g.,"Heisworking"insteadof"Heworks");(3)confusingitwiththepresentcontinuousinquestions(e.g.,"Dohework?"insteadof"Doeshework?").五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）（请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写最后结果不得分）1.Acompanyisplanningtoexpanditsproductionline.Theyneedtochoosebetweentwotypesofmachinery.TypeAcosts50,000initiallyand2,000peryeartomaintain.TypeBcosts70,000initiallyand1,500peryeartomaintain.Whichtypeofmachinerywillbemorecost-effectiveinthelongrun?Explainyourreasoning.A.TypeAB.TypeBC.Bothtypeswillbeequallycost-effectiveD.Itisimpossibletodeterminewithoutknowingtheexpectedlifespanofthemachinery参考答案：A2.Afactoryproducestwotypesoftoys:actionfiguresanddolls.Eachactionfigurerequires3unitsofplasticand2unitsoffabric.Eachdollrequires4unitsofplasticand3unitsoffabric.Thefactoryhas100unitsofplasticand90unitsoffabricavailable.Whatisthemaximumnumberofactionfiguresanddollsthatcanbeproducedwithoutrunningoutofmaterials?Showyourwork.参考答案：20actionfiguresand10dolls3.AcartravelsfromCityAtoCityBataspeedof60milesperhour.AnothercartravelsfromCityBtoCityAataspeedof70milesperhour.IfthedistancebetweenCityAandCityBis300miles,howlongwillittakeforthetwocarstomeet?Explainyourreasoning.参考答案：2hours4.Afarmerhasarectangularfieldwithalengthof120metersandawidthof80meters.Hewantstoplantcropsinthefield.Eachcroprequires20squaremetersofspace.Howmanycropscanthefarmerplantinthefield?Showyourwork.参考答案：48crops5.Astoreishavingasaleonshirts.Theoriginalpriceofashirtis25.Thestoreisofferinga20%discount.Howmuchwilltheshirtcostduringthesale?Showyourwork.参考答案：206.Aboxcontains10redballs,15blueballs,and5greenballs.Ifaballisrandomlyselectedfromthebox,whatistheprobabilityofselectingablueball?Explainyourreasoning.参考答案：3/87.Arecipecallsfor3/4cupofsugartomake2dozencookies.Howmuchsugarisneededtomake3dozencookies?Showyourwork.参考答案：9/8cups8.Amountainclimberstartsatanaltitudeof2,000feetandclimbsatarateof500feetperhour.Howlongwillittaketheclimbertoreachanaltitudeof6,000feet?Explainyourreasoning.参考答案：3hours标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：D解析：本题考查“现在完成时态”。题干中“hasbeenstudying”是现在完成进行时态，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，符合“表达已经学了三年”的语境。A选项PresentSimple表示习惯性动作，B选项PresentContinuous表示正在进行的动作，C选项PastSimple表示过去发生的动作，D选项PresentPerfect表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作，符合题意。2.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“现在完成时与时间状语从句”。题干中“haslived”是现在完成时态，“since2015”是时间状语从句，表示动作从2015年开始并持续到现在，符合现在完成时态的用法。A选项正确。B选项PastContinuous与时间状语从句不符，C选项PresentSimple与时间状语从句不符，D选项PastPerfect与时间状语从句不符。3.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“现在完成时的否定形式”。题干中“don'tgo”是现在完成时的否定形式，符合“Theydon'tgototheparkeverySunday”的用法。A选项正确。B选项第三人称单数形式错误，C选项be动词用法错误，D选项第三人称单数形式错误。4.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“现在完成进行时态”。题干中“hasbeenstudying”是现在完成进行时态，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，符合“描述一个从过去开始并持续到现在的动作”的语境。A选项PresentSimple表示习惯性动作，B选项PastSimple表示过去发生的动作，D选项FutureSimple表示未来计划，C选项正确。5.参考答案：D解析：本题考查“现在完成进行时态”。题干中“hasbeenraining”是现在完成进行时态，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，符合“Ithasbeenrainingallday”的用法。A选项PresentSimple表示习惯性动作，B选项PresentContinuous表示正在进行的动作，C选项PastPerfect表示过去发生的动作，D选项正确。6.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“第三人称单数现在简单时态”。题干中“goes”是第三人称单数现在简单时态，符合“描述第三人称单数主语的动作”的用法。A选项第三人称单数形式错误，C选项第三人称单数形式错误，D选项be动词用法错误，B选项正确。7.参考答案：D解析：本题考查“现在完成进行时态”。题干中“havebeenwaiting”是现在完成进行时态，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，符合“Ihavebeenwaitingforanhour”的用法。A选项PresentSimple表示习惯性动作，B选项PresentContinuous表示正在进行的动作，C选项PastPerfect表示过去发生的动作，D选项正确。8.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“现在完成时的构成”。题干中“havestudied”是现在完成时的构成，符合“现在完成时”的用法。A选项PastSimple表示过去发生的动作，B选项PresentSimple表示习惯性动作，D选项PastPerfect表示过去发生的动作，C选项正确。9.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“过去完成时态”。题干中“hadfinished”是过去完成时态，表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，符合“beforethemoviestarted”的语境。A选项PresentSimple表示习惯性动作，B选项PresentContinuous表示正在进行的动作，D选项PresentPerfect表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作，C选项正确。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“现在完成进行时态”。题干中“hasbeensinging”是现在完成进行时态，表示动作从过去开始并持续到现在，符合“Ihavebeensingingforfiveminutes”的用法。B选项PastSimple表示过去发生的动作，C选项FutureSimple表示未来计划，D选项PastSimple表示过去发生的动作，A选项正确。二、填空题1.参考答案：plays解析：本题考查〈一般现在时态〉。根据题干中的时间状语yesterdayafternoon，应使用一般过去时态。主语是Theboy，第三人称单数，动词play变为plays。2.参考答案：hadleft解析：本题考查〈过去完成时态〉。根据题干中的时间状语Bythetimetheyarrivedatthestation，表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应使用过去完成时态。主语是thetrain，第三人称单数，动词leave变为hadleft。3.参考答案：were解析：本题考查〈虚拟语气〉。If引导的非真实条件句，表示与现在事实相反的情况，主语是I，动词使用过去式were。4.参考答案：Theharder;thebetter解析：本题考查〈比较级用法〉。The+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……越……”。5.参考答案：doeshe解析：本题考查〈倒装句〉。Notonly放在句首，句子需要部分倒装。主语是he，助动词使用does。6.参考答案：aregoingtogo解析：本题考查〈begoingto时态〉。根据题干中的时间状语nextFriday，表示将来计划好的动作，应使用begoingto时态。主语是Thestudents，复数，动词go变为aregoingtogo。7.参考答案：Communication解析：本题考查〈名词识别〉。根据题干中的语境，需要填入一个名词，表示“沟通”。8.参考答案：that解析：本题考查〈同位语从句〉。it在句中作形式主语，that引导主语从句，指代apositiveattitude。9.参考答案：which解析：本题考查〈定语从句〉。Thebook是先行词，指物，关系代词which在从句中作宾语，可以省略。10.参考答案：more解析：本题考查〈比较级用法〉。根据句意，需要填入一个副词比较级，表示“更经常”。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查定语从句的省略。在"Thebookwhichisonthetablebelongstome"中，关系代词"which"在从句中作主语，指代物，且在从句中不充当任何成分，可以省略，简化为"Thebookonthetablebelongstome"。这种简化不改变句意，因此正确。2.参考答案：×解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在有影响或结果，或者动作发生在过去但持续到现在，不一定需要明确指出动作开始的时间。例如，"Ihavelivedherefortenyears"不需要说明具体开始时间。因此，该说法错误。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查句子结构的转换。在"Itisimportanttostudyhard"中，不定式短语"tostudyhard"作主语，可以转换为"Tostudyhardisimportant"，主语和表语的位置互换，句意不变。因此，正确。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查现在完成进行时的用法。现在完成进行时"hasbeenliving"表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续。在"HehasbeenlivinginLondonforfiveyears"中，描述了他在伦敦居住了五年，符合现在完成进行时的用法。因此，正确。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查过去完成时的用法。过去完成时"had+pastparticiple"用于描述在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。在"Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction"中，准确描述了过去完成时的用法。因此，正确。6.参考答案：×解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。在"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"中，使用的是虚拟语气中的第二条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，即"IfIwereyou"是假设的情况，"Iwouldstudyharder"是假设的结果。因此，该句用于表达建议，而不是现在的建议，错误。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查现在分词的用法。在"Subject+presentparticiple"结构中，现在分词可以作表语或状语，使句子更生动。例如，"Therunningboyismybrother"或"Running,hecaughtthebus"。因此，正确。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查过去进行时的用法。过去进行时"was/were+presentparticiple"用于描述过去某一时间点正在进行的动作。在"Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwashappeningataspecifictimeinthepast"中，准确描述了过去进行时的用法。因此，正确。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查将来时态的用法。在"TheyaregoingtotraveltoJapannextmonth"中，使用"begoingto+verb"表示计划或意图，用于描述未来的安排。因此，正确。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查句子结构的转换。在"Itisnecessarytofinishtheworktoday"中，不定式短语"tofinishtheworktoday"作主语，可以转换为"Tofinishtheworktodayisnecessary"，主语和表语的位置互换，句意不变。因此，正确。四、简答题1.参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseconsistsofthebaseformoftheverb(forI,you,we,they)orthethird-personsingularform(forhe,she,it)inthepresenttense.Itsfunctionistoexpresshabitualactions,generaltruths,facts,andscheduledevents.解析：本题考查《部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案》中“一般现在时”的结构与功能。一般现在时的结构包括动词原形（主语为I,you,we,they）或第三人称单数形式（主语为he,she,it）。其功能主要表达习惯性行为、一般事实、客观真理和固定安排。解析中点明了结构特点和三种主要用法，符合高一教材对一般现在时的基本要求。2.参考答案：Themaindifferencesareinusage:thepresentsimpleisusedforhabitualactionsandgeneraltruths,whilethepresentcontinuousisusedforactionshappeningnowortemporarysituations.Thepresentsimpleusesthebaseformorthird-personsingular,whilethepresentcontinuoususestheverb"tobe"+presentparticiple(-ingform).解析：本题考查《部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案》中“一般现在时与现在进行时的区别”。一般现在时用于表达习惯性行为和一般事实，而现在进行时用于描述正在进行的动作或临时状态。结构上，一般现在时使用动词原形或第三人称单数形式，而现在进行时使用be动词+现在分词(-ing形式)。解析中通过用法和结构的对比，突出了两个时态的核心差异。3.参考答案：Toformnegativesentences,add"donot"(don't)or"doesnot"(doesn't)beforethebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"Idonotstudy"or"Hedoesnotwork").Forinterrogativesentences,place"Do"or"Does"beforethesubjectandthebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"Doyoustudy?"or"Doeshework?").解析：本题考查《部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案》中“一般现在时的否定句和疑问句构成”。否定句通过在动词原形前加don't或doesn't构成，如Idon'tstudy。疑问句通过在主语前加Do或Does，然后跟动词原形构成，如Doyoustudy?解析中给出了具体例句，符合高一教材对时态构成规则的要求。4.参考答案：Example:"ShestudiesEnglisheveryday."ThissentencedescribesahabitualactionbecauseitstatesthatstudyingEnglishissomethingshedoesregularly.解析：本题考查《部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案》中“一般现在时描述习惯性行为的用法”。例句"ShestudiesEnglisheveryday"描述了每天英语学习的习惯性动作，符合一般现在时表示习惯性行为的用法。解析中通过例句说明了一般现在时在描述日常习惯时的典型用法。5.参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseiscommonlyusedin:(1)describinghabitualactions(e.g.,"Idrinkcoffeeeverymorning");(2)statinggeneraltruths(e.g.,"Thesunrisesintheeast");(3)expressingscientificfacts(e.g.,"Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius");(4)schedulingfutureevents(e.g.,"Thetrainleavesat9a.m.").解析：本题考查《部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案》中“一般现在时的常见使用场景”。解析中列举了四种主要场景：描述习惯性行为、陈述一般事实、表达科学真理和安排未来事件，每个场景都给出了典型例句，符合高一教材对一般现在时用法的分类说明。6.参考答案：Thesimplepresenttenseisusedinscientificfactsandobjectivetruthsbecausetheyarealwaystrueanddonotchangeovertime.Examplesinclude:"Birdsfly"or"Theearthrevolvesaroundthesun."解析：本题考查《部编版高中一年级英语第7单元语法练习题库及答案》中“一般现在时在科学事实中的使用”。一般现在时用于表达科学事实和客观真理，因为这些内容是永恒不变的。例句"