部编版六年级英语下册第3单元课时作业及答案

部编版六年级英语下册第3单元课时作业及答案第1页共1页部编版六年级英语下册第3单元课时作业及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.WhatarethemainactivitiesthatTom'sfamilydidlastweekendaccordingtothepassage?A.Theywenttothelibraryandhelpedtheirparents.B.Theyvisitedamuseumandwentshopping.C.Theywenttothebeachandplayedfootball.D.TheystayedathomeandwatchedTV.参考答案：A2.HowdoestheweatherchangefromMondaytoTuesdayintheweatherreport?A.Itbecomessunnyandwarmer.B.Itbecomescloudyandcooler.C.Itremainsthesameallday.D.Itstartsrainingintheafternoon.参考答案：B3.Whatisthecorrectwaytoaskforsomeone'sopinioninEnglish?A.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthis?B.Howdoyoufeelaboutthis?C.Whatisyourideaofthis?D.Alloftheabove.参考答案：D4.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentcontinuoustense?A.Sheisreadingabook.B.Heisplaysfootball.C.Theyaregotothepark.D.Itisissunnytoday.参考答案：A5.Whatdoestheword"environment"mean?A.Theplacewhereyoulive.B.Thenaturalworldaroundus.C.Atypeofbuilding.D.Agroupofpeople.参考答案：B6.Howdoyouformthepastsimpletenseofregularverbs?A.Add-edtothebaseform.B.Changetheendingto-ing.C.Doublethelastconsonantandadd-ed.D.Usethesameformasthepresenttense.参考答案：A7.Explainthemeaningoftheword"sustainable."A.Somethingthatlastsforalongtime.B.Somethingthatisnotgoodfortheenvironment.C.Somethingthatisexpensive.D.Somethingthatiseasytodo.参考答案：A8.Whatisthecorrectwaytoaskaboutsomeone'splansforthefuture?A.Whatareyougoingtodonextweek?B.Whatdidyoudolastweekend?C.Whereareyougoingnow?D.Howareyoufeelingtoday?参考答案：A9.Describethemainfunctionofarenewableenergysource.A.Itproducesalotofpollution.B.Itcomesfromthesun,wind,orwater.C.Itisveryexpensivetouse.D.Itisnotavailableallthetime.参考答案：B10.Howdoyouusetheword"because"inasentence?A.Itisusedtoshowareason.B.Itisusedtoaskaquestion.C.Itisusedtogivedirections.D.Itisusedtoshowtime.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.WhatistheweatherlikeinBeijingusually?参考答案：It'susuallysunny.2.Howoftendoyouplaybasketballeveryweek?参考答案：Onceortwice.3.Canyoutellmethetime,please?参考答案：It'sthreeo'clock.4.Whatdidyoudolastweekend?参考答案：Iwenttothepark.5.Whereisthepostofficenearhere?参考答案：It'snexttothesupermarket.6.Whoisyourfavoriteteacher?参考答案：Mymathteacher.7.Whatareyougoingtodothissummervacation?参考答案：I'mgoingtotravel.8.Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?参考答案：Bybike.9.Whatdoesyourfatherdoforaliving?参考答案：Heisateacher.10.CanyouspeakEnglish?参考答案：Yes,alittle.三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.TheweatherinLondonisusuallyrainyandcloudyallyearround.参考答案：×2.Itisimportanttoprotecttheenvironmentbecauseitistheonlyonewehave.参考答案：√3.Waterisarenewableresource,sowedon'tneedtosaveit.参考答案：×4.Treescanhelpreduceairpollutionbecausetheyabsorbcarbondioxide.参考答案：√5.Recyclingpapercansaveenergyandreducedeforestation.参考答案：√6.Animalshavetherighttoliveintheirnaturalhabitatswithoutbeingharmed.参考答案：√7.Usingreusablebagsinsteadofplasticbagsisagoodwaytoreducewaste.参考答案：√8.Globalwarmingismainlycausedbyhumanactivitieslikeburningfossilfuels.参考答案：√9.Itisacceptabletocutdowntreesaslongasweplantnewones.参考答案：×10.Climatechangeaffectseverypartoftheplanet,includingpolarregions.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Whatarethemainfunctionsofpublictransportationsystemsincities?参考答案：①Provideconvenientandaffordabletraveloptionsforpeople.②Reducetrafficcongestionandimproveroadsafety.③Promoteenvironmentalsustainabilitybyreducingpollution.2.Howdoestheuseofrenewableenergysourcesbenefittheenvironment?参考答案：①Reducegreenhousegasemissionsandcombatclimatechange.②Decreaserelianceonfossilfuelsandprotectoilreserves.③Promoteenergysecurityandreduceenvironmentaldegradation.3.Describetheimportanceofmaintaininggoodtrafficrulesforurbansafety.参考答案：①Preventtrafficaccidentsandprotectpedestrians'safety.②Reduceairpollutionbylimitingvehicleemissions.③Optimizetrafficflowandimprovetransportationefficiency.4.Explaintheroleoftreesinreducingairpollutionandimprovingairquality.参考答案：①Treesabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygenthroughphotosynthesis.②Theyfilterpollutantsfromtheairandimproveairquality.③Provideshadeandreduceurbanheatislandeffect.5.Whataretheadvantagesofusingenergy-efficientappliancesinhouseholds?参考答案：①Saveelectricityconsumptionandreduceenergybills.②Decreasecarbonfootprintandenvironmentalimpact.③Extendthelifespanofappliancesandreducewastegeneration.6.Howcanindividualscontributetotheconservationofnaturalresources?参考答案：①Conservewaterbyfixingleaksandusingefficientfixtures.②Reducewastebypracticingpropersortingandcomposting.③Usereusablebagsandavoidsingle-useplastics.7.Describetheimpactofglobalwarmingonpolaricecapsandcoastalareas.参考答案：①Meltingicecapsleadtorisingsealevels,threateningcoastalcommunities.②Lossofpolarhabitatsharmswildlifespeciesadaptedtocoldenvironments.③Increasedoceanacidificationaffectsmarineecosystems.8.Explainthesignificanceofrecyclingwastematerialsforsustainabledevelopment.参考答案：①Recyclingreducestheneedforrawmaterialextraction,conservingnaturalresources.②Itdecreaseslandfillwasteandreducesenvironmentalpollution.③Recycledmaterialscanbeusedtoproducenewproducts,promotingacirculareconomy.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.TheEarth'satmosphereisalayerofgasesthatsurroundsourplanet.Itisessentialforlifebecauseitprovidesoxygenforustobreatheandprotectsusfromharmfulultraviolet(UV)raysfromthesun.Theatmosphereisdividedintoseverallayersbasedontemperaturechanges.ThelayerclosesttotheEarth'ssurfaceiscalledthetroposphere.Mostweatherphenomena,suchascloudsandrain,occurinthislayer.Thestratosphereislocatedabovethetroposphereandcontainstheozonelayer,whichabsorbsmostofthesun'sharmfulUVrays.ThemesosphereisthecoldestlayerandiswheremostmeteoroidsburnupbeforereachingtheEarth'ssurface.ThethermosphereisveryhotandiswheretheInternationalSpaceStationorbits.Finally,theexosphereistheoutermostlayer,graduallymergingwithouterspace.1.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheEarth'satmosphere?A.ToholdthemooninorbitB.ToprovideoxygenandprotectfromUVraysC.TocreateartificialcloudsD.Tomeasuretemperaturechanges参考答案：B2.Whichlayeroftheatmosphereiswheremostweatheroccurs?A.ThestratosphereB.ThemesosphereC.ThetroposphereD.Thethermosphere参考答案：C3.Whatdoestheozonelayerdo?A.ItkeepstheEarth'stemperaturestableB.ItreflectssunlightbackintospaceC.Itabsorbsmostofthesun'sharmfulUVraysD.Ithelpsplantsgrowbyprovidingcarbondioxide参考答案：C4.WheredomostmeteoroidsburnupbeforereachingtheEarth'ssurface?A.InthetroposphereB.InthemesosphereC.InthestratosphereD.Intheexosphere参考答案：B5.Whatisthetemperaturelikeinthemesosphere?A.VeryhotB.VerycoldC.JustrightforlifeD.Changingrapidly参考答案：B6.WhatlayeristheInternationalSpaceStationorbitingin?A.ThetroposphereB.ThestratosphereC.ThethermosphereD.Theexosphere参考答案：C7.WhichlayeroftheatmosphereisclosesttotheEarth'ssurface?A.ThestratosphereB.ThemesosphereC.ThetroposphereD.Thethermosphere参考答案：C8.Whathappensintheexosphere?A.ItiswherethesunsetsB.ItgraduallymergeswithouterspaceC.ItisfilledwiththemostairD.Itisthecoldestlayer参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于家庭活动的话题。根据题干情境，Tom'sfamilylastweekenddidtwoactivities:wenttothelibraryandhelpedtheirparents.ThismatchesoptionA.OptionBisincorrectbecausevisitingamuseumandgoingshoppingarenotmentionedinthepassage.OptionCisincorrectbecausegoingtothebeachandplayingfootballarenotmentioned.OptionDisincorrectbecausestayingathomeandwatchingTVarenotmentioned.ThecorrectanswerisA.2.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于天气变化的话题。根据题干情境，theweatherreportshowsthatfromMondaytoTuesday,theweatherchangesfromsunnyandwarmtocloudyandcool.ThismatchesoptionB.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitdescribestheoppositechange.OptionCisincorrectbecausetheweatherdoesnotremainthesame.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitmentionsrainintheafternoon,whichisnotmentionedinthepassage.ThecorrectanswerisB.3.参考答案：D解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于询问意见的话题。根据题干情境，thecorrectwaytoaskforsomeone'sopinioninEnglishincludesalloftheoptionsprovided.OptionAasksforageneralopinion.OptionBasksforafeelingaboutsomething.OptionCasksforanideaaboutsomething.Allofthesearewaystoaskforsomeone'sopinion.Therefore,optionDisthecorrectanswer.4.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于现在进行时的用法。根据题干情境，thesentence"Sheisreadingabook"correctlyusesthepresentcontinuoustense.OptionBisincorrectbecause"Heisplaysfootball"isgrammaticallywrong.OptionCisincorrectbecause"Theyaregotothepark"isgrammaticallywrong.OptionDisincorrectbecause"Itisissunnytoday"isgrammaticallywrong.ThecorrectanswerisA.5.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于环境的概念。根据题干情境，theword"environment"meansthenaturalworldaroundus.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitreferstoaplacewhereyoulive.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreferstoatypeofbuilding.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitreferstoagroupofpeople.ThecorrectanswerisB.6.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于一般现在时的构成。根据题干情境，thepastsimpletenseofregularverbsisformedbyadding-edtothebaseform.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitreferstothepresentcontinuoustense.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreferstodoublingthelastconsonantandadding-ed.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitreferstothepresenttense.ThecorrectanswerisA.7.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于可持续发展的概念。根据题干情境，themeaningoftheword"sustainable"issomethingthatlastsforalongtime.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitreferstosomethingthatisnotgoodfortheenvironment.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreferstosomethingthatisexpensive.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitreferstosomethingthatiseasytodo.ThecorrectanswerisA.8.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于未来计划的问题。根据题干情境，thecorrectwaytoaskaboutsomeone'splansforthefutureis"Whatareyougoingtodonextweek?"OptionBisincorrectbecauseitasksaboutpastactivities.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitasksaboutcurrentlocation.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitasksaboutcurrentfeelings.ThecorrectanswerisA.9.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于可再生能源的功能。根据题干情境，themainfunctionofarenewableenergysourceisthatitcomesfromthesun,wind,orwater.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitreferstopollution.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreferstocost.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitreferstoavailability.ThecorrectanswerisB.10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于because的用法。根据题干情境，theword"because"isusedinasentencetoshowareason.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitreferstoaskingaquestion.OptionCisincorrectbecauseitreferstogivingdirections.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitreferstoshowingtime.ThecorrectanswerisA.二、填空题1.参考答案：It'susuallysunny.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》天气表达。题干询问北京通常的天气，依据教材常见天气描述，北京通常天气晴朗，故填sunny。考查理解天气词汇应用。2.参考答案：Onceortwice.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》频率副词。题干询问每周打篮球频率，依据教材常见活动频率，学生通常每周打篮球1-2次，故填Onceortwice。考查应用频率副词。3.参考答案：It'sthreeo'clock.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》时间表达。题干询问时间，依据教材时间问答模式，正确回答需给出具体时间，故填It'sthreeo'clock。考查应用时间句型。4.参考答案：Iwenttothepark.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》过去活动描述。题干询问上周周末活动，依据教材过去时态应用，学生常去公园活动，故填Iwenttothepark。考查应用过去时态。5.参考答案：It'snexttothesupermarket.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》方位介词。题干询问邮局位置，依据教材方位表达，邮局常在超市旁，故填nexttothesupermarket。考查应用方位介词。6.参考答案：Mymathteacher.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》人物介绍。题干询问最喜欢的老师，依据教材人物描述，六年级学生常喜欢数学老师，故填Mymathteacher。考查应用人物称谓。7.参考答案：I'mgoingtotravel.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》未来计划。题干询问暑假计划，依据教材计划表达，学生常计划旅游，故填I'mgoingtotravel。考查应用未来计划句型。8.参考答案：Bybike.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》交通方式。题干询问上学方式，依据教材交通表达，学生常骑自行车上学，故填Bybike。考查应用交通方式介词。9.参考答案：Heisateacher.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》职业介绍。题干询问父亲职业，依据教材职业表达，教师是常见职业，故填Heisateacher。考查应用职业名词。10.参考答案：Yes,alittle.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》能力表达。题干询问英语口语能力，依据教材能力描述，学生通常能说一点英语，故填Yes,alittle。考查应用能力表达。三、判断题1.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于天气的描述。伦敦的天气确实以多雨和多云著称，但并非“一年到头”都是如此，存在季节变化。题干表述过于绝对，故错误。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》环境保护的重要性。保护环境是全球共识，因为地球是人类唯一的家园，该说法符合单元核心观点，故正确。3.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》关于水资源的知识。虽然水循环使其具有可再生性，但淡水资源有限，且浪费现象严重，仍需节约，故错误。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》树木对环境的作用。树木通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳，符合单元知识，故正确。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》垃圾分类与资源回收。回收纸张能节约能源、减少森林砍伐，符合单元环保理念，故正确。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》生物多样性保护。动物享有生存权，人类应避免破坏其栖息地，符合单元核心思想，故正确。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》减少塑料污染的方法。使用可重复使用的袋子替代一次性塑料袋是有效的环保措施，符合单元内容，故正确。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》全球变暖的成因。人类活动如燃烧化石燃料是导致全球变暖的主要原因，符合单元知识，故正确。9.参考答案：×解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》森林保护。即使种植新树，砍伐森林仍会造成生态破坏，不能简单替代，故错误。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》气候变化的影响。气候变化影响全球，包括极地地区，符合单元知识，故正确。四、简答题1.参考答案：①Provideconvenientandaffordabletraveloptionsforpeople.②Reducetrafficcongestionandimproveroadsafety.③Promoteenvironmentalsustainabilitybyreducingpollution.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》城市交通与公共设施知识点。公共交通运输系统在城市中主要发挥三个核心功能：①为市民提供便捷、经济的出行选择，满足日常通勤需求；②通过集中运输减少道路上的车辆总数，缓解交通拥堵现象，提升道路安全水平；③通过减少私家车使用频率，降低尾气排放和噪音污染，促进城市环境可持续发展。解析中三个得分点分别对应教材中“城市交通管理”“环境保护”和“资源节约”三个核心概念，答案依据来自单元课文关于公共交通的讨论内容。2.参考答案：①Reducegreenhousegasemissionsandcombatclimatechange.②Decreaserelianceonfossilfuelsandprotectoilreserves.③Promoteenergysecurityandreduceenvironmentaldegradation.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》能源与环境知识点。可再生能源（如太阳能、风能）的环境效益主要体现在：①替代化石燃料发电，大幅减少二氧化碳等温室气体排放，缓解全球变暖趋势；②降低对石油、煤炭等有限资源的依赖，保护地球自然资源；③提高能源供应的稳定性，减少因能源开采引发的环境破坏。答案中三个要点分别对应单元课文“清洁能源”章节中关于“气候变化”“资源枯竭”和“生态保护”的论述内容。3.参考答案：①Preventtrafficaccidentsandprotectpedestrians'safety.②Reduceairpollutionbylimitingvehicleemissions.③Optimizetrafficflowandimprovetransportationefficiency.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》交通安全与规则知识点。遵守交通规则对城市安全的重要性体现在：①通过规范驾驶行为（如不闯红灯、不超速），有效预防交通事故，保障行人、骑行者等弱势交通参与者的生命安全；②限制车辆超载、违规排放等行为，减少空气污染对居民健康的影响；③通过统一信号灯系统、车道划分等规则，优化交通运行秩序，提高道路通行效率。解析中三个得分点分别对应单元教材中“交通安全常识”“环境保护”和“城市管理”三个知识点，答案依据来自课文关于“遵守规则”的案例讨论。4.参考答案：①Treesabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygenthroughphotosynthesis.②Theyfilterpollutantsfromtheairandimproveairquality.③Provideshadeandreduceurbanheatislandeffect.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》环境保护与植物作用知识点。树木在改善空气质量方面的作用主要体现在：①通过光合作用吸收大气中的二氧化碳，同时释放氧气，维持生态平衡；②树叶表面的绒毛和分泌的粘液能吸附粉尘、二氧化硫等有害气体，净化空气；③树冠提供遮荫，降低地表温度，缓解城市热岛效应。答案中三个要点分别对应单元课文“绿色植物”章节中关于“碳循环”“空气净化”和“城市气候调节”的实验数据与结论。5.参考答案：①Saveelectricityconsumptionandreduceenergybills.②Decreasecarbonfootprintandenvironmentalimpact.③Extendthelifespanofappliancesandreducewastegeneration.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》能源节约与家庭生活知识点。节能家电的优势在于：①采用更高效的能源转换技术，在相同功能下消耗更少电力，直接降低家庭电费支出；②减少电力生产过程中的碳排放，降低对环境的影响；③通过优化内部结构设计，延长使用寿命，减少电子垃圾的产生。答案中三个要点分别对应单元教材中“家庭节能”章节关于“经济效益”“环境效益”和“资源循环”的讨论内容。6.参考答案：①Conservewaterbyfixingleaksandusingefficientfixtures.②Reducewastebypracticingpropersortingandcomposting.③Usereusablebagsandavoidsingle-useplastics.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》资源保护与个人行动知识点。个人可采取的自然资源保护措施包括：①通过检查水龙头、马桶等设施，及时修复漏水，使用节水型器具减少水资源浪费；②正确分类生活垃圾，将厨余垃圾进行堆肥，提高资源回收利用率；③使用布袋替代塑料袋，减少塑料制品的使用和环境污染。答案中三个要点分别对应单元课文“环保行动”章节中关于“水资源管理”“垃圾分类”和“减塑生活”的倡议内容。7.参考答案：①Meltingicecapsleadtorisingsealevels,threateningcoastalcommunities.②Lossofpolarhabitatsharmswildlifespeciesadaptedtocoldenvironments.③Increasedoceanacidificationaffectsmarineecosystems.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》气候变化与地理影响知识点。全球变暖对极地地区的具体影响包括：①冰川融化导致海平面上升，淹没沿海城市和低洼地区，引发洪水灾害；②北极熊、企鹅等依赖冰川生存的物种因栖息地减少而面临生存危机；③海洋吸收过量二氧化碳后pH值下降，导致珊瑚礁白化、鱼类种群减少等生态问题。答案中三个要点分别对应单元教材中“气候变化”章节关于“海平面上升”“生物多样性”和“海洋酸化”的地理现象描述。8.参考答案：①Recyclingreducestheneedforrawmaterialextraction,conservingnaturalresources.②Itdecreaseslandfillwasteandreducesenvironmentalpollution.③Recycledmaterialscanbeusedtoproducenewproducts,promotingacirculareconomy.解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元》可持续发展与资源循环知识点。垃圾分类回收的意义在于：①通过将废纸、塑料、金属等再生利用，减少对森林、石油等自然资源的开采需求；②降低垃圾填埋量，减少土地占用和土壤污染风险；③通过工业再加工，将废弃物转化为新产品，形成资源高效利用的闭环经济模式。答案中三个要点分别对应单元课文“废物管理”章节关于“资源节约”“环境治理”和“循环经济”的论述内容。五、阅读理解题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查《部编版六年级英语下册第3单元课时作业及答案》中“地球大气层的作用”知识点。根据材料第一句“TheEarth'satmosphereisalayerofgasesthatsurroundsourplanet.Itisessentialforlifebecauseitprovidesoxygenforustobreatheandprotectsusfromharmfulultraviole