初中英语动词变形易错点全总结

初中英语动词变形易错点全总结动词变形三大考点：时态变化、非谓语、主谓一致；易错集中在不规则动词、特殊变化、固定搭配。一、动词第三人称单数（一般现在时，主语三单）✅规则变化一般直接+s：work→works，play→playss/x/ch/sh/o结尾+es：pass→passes，watch→watches，wash→washes，go→goes，do→does辅音字母+y：变y为i+es；元音+y直接+sstudy→studies；carry→carries；play→plays；stay→stays❌易错坑不要把have写成haves✔have→has以o结尾：有生命+es（tomato/potato），但动词只有go、do加es！photo是名词，动词没有这个情况主语是不定代词everyone,somebody,nothing，一律三单Everyonelikesmusic.二、动词现在分词（doing）✅规则变化直接+ing：read→reading去e+ing（不发音e）：write→writing；make→making✅发音e保留：see→seeing；be→being3.重读闭音节：辅+元+辅结尾，双写尾字母+ingrun-running，swim-swimming，sit-sitting，stop-stopping，shop-shopping，plan-planning，get-getting，put-putting，begin-beginning4.ie结尾变y+ing：lie→lying，die→dying❌易错坑open、listen：不是重读闭音节，不双写open→opening双写口诀：重读闭音节，辅元辅，末尾只有一个辅音固定：lie(躺)-lying；die-dying；tie-tying三、动词过去式&过去分词（重点！不规则动词是重灾区）规则变化直接+ed：work→workede结尾+d：live→lived辅音+y：变y为i+ed；元音+y直接+edstudy→studied；play→played4.重读闭音节辅元辅，双写尾+ed：stop→stopped，plan→planneded发音易错：清辅音后读/t/；浊辅音/元音后/d/；t/d后读/ɪd/stopped/stɒpt/；played/pleɪd/；wanted/ˈwɒntɪd/🔥初中高频不规则动词（变形极易写错）AAA型（原形=过去式=过去分词）cut-cut-cut；put-put-put；read-read-read（读音变）；cost-cost-cost；hurt-hurt-hurtAAB型（原形=过去分词）beat-beat-beatenABA型（原形=过去分词）come-came-come；run-ran-runABB型（过去式=过去分词，最多！）keep-kept-kept；sleep-slept-slept；leave-left-left；feel-felt-feltmeet-met-met；sit-sat-sat；dig-dug-dug；win-won-wonbuy-bought-bought；think-thought-thought；teach-taught-taught；bring-brought-broughtbuild-built-built；lend-lent-lent；send-sent-sent；spend-spent-spentstand-stood-stood；understand-understood-understood；tell-told-told；sell-sold-soldsay-said-said；make-made-made；take-took-taken❗不是ABB！leave-left-left；lose-lost-lost；mean-meant-meantABC型（三个全不一样，考试最爱考）do-did-done；go-went-gone；see-saw-seen；eat-ate-eaten；break-broke-brokenspeak-spoke-spoken；write-wrote-written；ride-rode-ridden；drive-drove-drivenforget-forgot-forgotten；choose-chose-chosen；rise-rose-risen；fly-flew-flownbegin-began-begun；sing-sang-sung；drink-drank-drunk；swim-swam-swum❌易错坑take-took-taken不要写成take-taked-takensee-saw-seen不是see-seed-seeneat-ate-eaten很多学生写成eated过去分词常和have/has/had/be动词连用，单独过去式不能搭配have✅Ihaveseen.❌Ihavesaw.四、非谓语动词：todo/doing/do（初中最大易错板块）一句话：一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词，第二个动词要用非谓语1.只能+todo（to+动词原形）wanttodo；hopetodo；decidetodo；plantodo；refusetodo；learntodo；agreetodo；offertodo；preparetodo；trytodo（努力做）；forgettodo（忘记要去做）；remembertodo（记得要去做）2.只能+doing（动名词）enjoydoing；practicedoing；finishdoing；minddoing；keepdoing；suggestdoing；avoiddoing；missdoing；considerdoing；feellikedoing；bebusydoing；can’thelpdoing（忍不住）；giveupdoing；putoffdoing3.todo和doing含义不一样（必考辨析）remembertodo记得要去做/rememberdoing记得做过forgettodo忘记要做/forgetdoing忘记做过stoptodo停下来去做另一件事/stopdoing停止正在做的事trytodo努力做/trydoing尝试做（试一试方法）goontodo接着做另一件事/goondoing继续做同一件事4.省to不定式（动词原形do）使役动词：makesbdo；letsbdo；havesbdo感官动词：see/hear/watch/noticesbdo（看见全过程）被动语态要还原to：Hewasmadetowork.（高频坑！）5.固定搭配：介词后面+doing介词：about,of,for,at,in,on,without,before,after✅thankyouforhelping；begoodatdrawing；withoutsayinganything❌非谓语大坑汇总wantdoing❌wanttodo✔enjoytodo❌enjoydoing✔makesbtodo❌makesbdo✔；被动bemadetodo✔逗号不能连接两个句子：❌Heran,cry.✔Heran,crying.（伴随状语）五、情态动词+动词原形can,may,must,should,needn’t,haveto（注意haveto有人称变化）✅mustdo；shoulddo；cando❌cantodo/candoing全错易错：need两种用法-实义动词：needtodo（人作主语）；needdoing（物作主语，表被动=needtobedone）Thebikeneedsrepairing.=needstoberepaired-情态动词：needdo（多用于否定needn’tdo）六、主谓一致易错点1.就远原则：主语+(with/togetherwith/aswellas/except)，谓语看前面主语Tomwithhisfriendsiscoming.2.就近原则：either…or…；neither…nor…；notonly…butalso…；therebeNotonlyyoubutalsohelikesEnglish.3.不定代词：something,anyone,everybody，谓语三单4.分数/百分数+of+名词：谓语看of后面名词Twothirdsofthewaterisdirty.5.family,class集体名词：表整体单数；表成员复数Myfamilyissmall./Myfamilylikesports.七、时态里动词变形易错1.现在完成时：have/has+过去分词，不是过去式❌Ihavewent✔Ihavegone2.被动语态：be+过去分词❌Theletterwaswrite✔waswritten3.主将从现：if/when/assoonas引导时间、条件状语从句，主句将来，从句一般现在Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayhome.❌ifitwillrain八、易混动词辨析（变形+词义一起错）1.lie/laylie(躺，位于)：lay（过去式）；lain（过去分词）lyinglie(说谎)：lied；lied；lyinglay