水文术语英语

水文术语英语

序号中文名称英文名称

1河流及流域特征Characteristicsofriverandbasin

1.1河流及水系Riverandriversystem

1.1.1河流river

1.1.2干流(主河)trunkriver(mainstream)

1.1.3支流tributarystream(branchriver)

1.1.4河源riverhead(riversource,headwater)

1.1.5河口rivermouth(estuary)

1.1.6河长riverlength

1.1.7深泓线thalweg

1.1.8中泓线streamcentraIIine

1.1.9落差drp[

1.1.10河道比降(纵坡降、坡降)riversIope

1.1.11河槽(河床)streamchanneI

1.1.12水系(河系、河网)hydrographicnet(riversystem)

1.1.13河网密度drainagedensity

1.2流域特征Characteristicsofbasin

1.2.1流域watershed(basin,drainagearea)

1.2.2流域分水线basindivide

1.2.3流域面积(集水面积)watershedarea(drainagearea,catchmentarea)

1.2.4流域长度(流域轴长)lengthofbasin

1.2.5流域植被率(植被度)percentageofvegetationsindrainagearea

1.2.6流域湖泊率percentageofIakesindrainagearea

1.2.7流域沼泽率percentageofswampsindrainagearea

2水文分析计算hydrologicalanalysisandputation

2.1水文计算hydrologicputation

2.1.1水文计算hydrologicalputation

2.1.2水文统计hydrologiesIstatistics

2.1.3累计频率accumuIativefrequency

2.1.4重现期returnperiod

2.1.5水文频率曲线hydrologicalfrequencycurve

2.1.6设计频率designfrequency

2.1.7相关分析coreIationanalysis

2.2暴雨rainstorm

2.2.1大暴雨largerainstorm

2.2.2特大暴雨extraordinaryrainstorm

2.2.3降雨面枳(雨区)precipitationarea(rainarea)

2.2.4暴雨中心rainstormcenter

2.2.5暴雨强度rainstormintensity

2.2.6暴雨历时rainstormduration

2.2.7点雨量pointprecipitation(pointrainfaII)

2.2.8面雨量areaprecipitation(arearainfalI)

2.2.9定点定面关系precipitationreIationshipbetweenfixedpointandfixed

area)

2.2.10动点动面关系(暴雨中心点面关系)precipitationrelationshipbetween

centerpointandvariabIearea)

2.2.11暴雨时、面、深关系depth-area-durationrelationshipofstorm(DAD)

2.2.12暴雨强度历时曲线durationcurveofstormintensity

2.2.13设计暴雨designrainstorm

2.2.14设计雨型designrainfaIIpattern

2.2.15暴雨等雨量线图isohyetmapofrainstorm

2.2.16可降水量probableprecipitation

2.2.17可能最大降雨probabIemaximumprecipitation(PMP)

2.2.18暴雨模式rainstormmodeI

2.2.19典型暴雨typicalrainstorm

2.2.20移置暴雨transpositionstorm

2.2.21组合暴雨syntheticstorm

2.2,22露点dewpoint

2.2.23地面露点dewpointatearthsurface

2.2.24代表性露点representativedewpoint

2.2.25可能最大露点probablemaximumdewpoint

2.3产流(汇流)runoffyield(concentrationofflow)

2.3.1产流runoffyield（runoffformation）

2.3.2蓄满产流runoffyieldundersaturatedstorage

2.3.3超渗产流runoffyieldunderexcessinfiItration

2.3.4下渗容量线（下渗曲线）infiItrationcapacitycurve

2.3.5初损initiallosses

2.3.6最大初损maximuminitiallosses

2.3.7后损laterlosses

2.3.8降雨径流关系图rainfaI|-runoffrelationship

2.3.9设计净雨量designnetrainfaII

2.3.10基流basefIow

2.3.11汇流concentrationofflow

2.3.12河槽集流（河网集流）concentrationofchanneIflov/

2.3.13单位线（时段,单住线）unithydrograph

2.3.14瞬时单位线instantaneousunithydrograph

2.3.15综合单位线syntheticunithydrograph

2.3.16概化洪水过程线simplifiedflooddydrograph

2.4径流runoff

2.4.1径流runoff

2.4.2地表径流surfacerunoff

2.4.3地下径流groundwaterrunoff

2.4.4径流深runoffdepth

2.4.5径流模数runoffmodulus

2.4.6径流系数runoffcoefficient

2.4.7多年平均年径流量meanannuaIrunoff

2.4.8设计年径流量designanuuaIrunoff

2.4.9设计年径流量年内分配distributionofannuaIrunoffwithinayear

2.5洪水flood

2.5.1设计洪水designfIood

2.5.2设计洪水标准standardofdesignfIood

2.5.3可能最大洪水probabIemaximumfIood（PMF）

2.5.4分期设计洪水stagedesignfIood

2.5.5施工设计洪水designfloodofconstructionperiod

2.5.6坝址洪水floodatdamsite

2.5.7入库洪水floodintoreservoir

2.5.8溃坝洪水dambreakflood

2.5.9小流域设计洪水（小面积设计洪水）designfloodofsmaIIcatchment

2.6泥沙sediment

2.6.1固体径流sedimentrunoff

2.6.2含沙量sedimentcharge（sedimentconcentration）

2.6.3输沙量sedimentrunoff

2.6.4输沙率sedimentdischarge

2.6.5平均输沙量meansedimentrunoff

2.6.6平均输沙率meansedimentdischarge

3水文预报hydrologicalforecast

3.1水文预报hydroIgociaIforecast

3.1.1预见期leadingtime

3.1.2短期水文预报sho^ttermhydrologicalforecasting

3.1.3中、长期水文预报midandlongtermhydrologicalforecast

3.1.4降雨径流的预报rainfaIIrunoffforecast

3.1.5洪水预报（洪水径流预报）fIoodforecast

3.1.6枯水预报（枯水径流预报）lowflowforecast

3.1.7泥沙预报sedimentforecast

3.1.8水质预报v/aterquaIityforecast

3.1.9冰情预报iceregimeforecast

3.1.10封冻预报freezingforecast

3.1.11解冻预报i